The Doppler Effectdetected by

Christian Doppler

How does it work ?

• The lenght of the waves gets longer on the side where the object go away and shorter on the other side.

How this effect affects our universe

• When a shining objektin the universe moves itbehaves like sound

• If the speed of the object increase the wavelength increase too.

v v v

We only need the wavelength to calculculate the speed, because:

But the speed is very high to the speed of light, so we need the formula

of the Theory of the Relativity

How we can calculate the distance of the object when we know the speed ?

Hubble law

• The linear correlation between distance (r) and flightspeed (v) is called hubble law v=h0r

Hubble konstant

• „Hubble - konstant" H0 = 72 km/ s·Mpc

1 parsec = 3,6 Lightyears1Mpc = 3,6 Millionen Lightyears

• In 1 Mpc 72km/s• In 2 Mpc 144km/s• .• .• .• In ? y Mpc x km/s x : 72 = y Mpc

• 1 Mpc = 3,6 Million Light-years

• y Mpc = 3,6 . y Million Light-years • Can we imagine this distance?• In 1s = 300 000 km• 1Mpc = 3,6 Million Lightyears

SpectroscopyThe secret behind the light

History:

• 1814 sun spectrum from Joseph von Fraunhofer with unknown black lines in the spectrum

• 1859 Kirchhoff and Bunsen noticed that different chemical elements color the flame from a bunsen burner in different colours.

Two types of visual spectroscopy• Photon emission• Photon absorption/Fraunhofer lines.

Ca+ Hβ Mg Na+He Hα O2

Quasar calculations