Measuring brain activity Blood flow fMRI, PET, NIRS Electrical activity EEG.
David Duncan’s fMRI & EEG Results
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David Duncan’s fMRI & EEG Results
description
David Duncan’s fMRI & EEG Results. Working memory task. cue stimuli. delay. response. 1 sec. 1 sec. 1 sec. 1 sec. 8 sec. 1 sec. Remember Faces Ignore Scenes. +. Remember Scenes Ignore Faces. +. Passively View. +. • Equivalent perceptual, bottom-up information. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of David Duncan’s fMRI & EEG Results
David Duncan’s fMRI & EEG Results
cue stimulicue stimuli deladelayy
responsresponsee
+Remember FacesRemember FacesIgnore ScenesIgnore Scenes
1 sec1 sec 1 sec1 sec 1 sec1 sec 1 sec1 sec 8 sec8 sec 1 sec1 sec
+Remember ScenesRemember ScenesIgnore FacesIgnore Faces
Passively ViewPassively View +
Working memory taskWorking memory task
• Equivalent perceptual, bottom-up information.• Equivalent perceptual, bottom-up information.• Differences in activity mediated by top-down signals.• Differences in activity mediated by top-down signals.
Face MemoryFace Memory
Response TimeResponse TimeResponse TimeResponse Time
fMRI Working Memory fMRI Working Memory PerformancePerformance
AccuracyAccuracyAccuracyAccuracy
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Accuracy
Scene Scene MemoryMemory
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Response time (seconds)
Face MemoryFace Memory Scene Scene MemoryMemory
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Accuracy
Face MemoryFace Memory
Response TimeResponse TimeResponse TimeResponse Time
EEG Working Memory EEG Working Memory PerformancePerformance
AccuracyAccuracyAccuracyAccuracy
Scene Scene MemoryMemory
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Response time (seconds)
Face MemoryFace Memory Scene Scene MemoryMemory
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Remember ScenesRemember Scenes Ignore ScenesIgnore Scenes
Scene-selective Area Scene-selective Area ModulationModulation
Gazzaley, A. Gazzaley, A. et al.et al. Journal of Cognitive Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience Neuroscience (2005)(2005)
Remember Remember ScenesScenes
IgnoreIgnoreScenesScenes
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BOLD signal
BOLD SignalBOLD SignalBOLD SignalBOLD Signalp <.001
EnhancementEnhancement
Suppression Suppression
PassivePassiveViewView
OlderOlderYoungerYounger
Participants = 18 subjectsParticipants = 18 subjects
Age = 23.5 years (19-30)Age = 23.5 years (19-30)
Education = 15.6 years (12-19)Education = 15.6 years (12-19)
Normal AgingNormal Aging
Participants = 18 subjectsParticipants = 18 subjects
Age = 67 years (60-77)Age = 67 years (60-77)
Education = 15.4 years (12-19)Education = 15.4 years (12-19)
Older subjects reflect “normal” agingOlder subjects reflect “normal” aging
No medications, depression, dementia
Equivalent to age-matched controls on 11 tests ofexecutive & memory function
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BOLD signal
RemembeRemember r
ScenesScenes
IgnoreIgnoreScenesScenes
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BOLD signal
PassivePassiveViewView
Younger (19-30 y.o.)Younger (19-30 y.o.)Younger (19-30 y.o.)Younger (19-30 y.o.) Older (60-77 y.o.)Older (60-77 y.o.)Older (60-77 y.o.)Older (60-77 y.o.)
Gazzaley, A. Gazzaley, A. et al.et al. Nature Nature Neuroscience Neuroscience (2005)(2005)
RemembeRemember r
ScenesScenes
IgnoreIgnoreScenesScenes
PassivePassiveViewView
Within-group comparisonWithin-group comparison
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Normalized BOLD signal
OlderOlderYoungerYounger
SuppressionSuppressionSuppressionSuppression
Across-Group Across-Group ComparisonsComparisons
Suppression Index Suppression Index (Passive-Ignore)(Passive-Ignore)
Suppression Index Suppression Index (Passive-Ignore)(Passive-Ignore)
Enhancement Index Enhancement Index (Remember-Passive)(Remember-Passive)
Enhancement Index Enhancement Index (Remember-Passive)(Remember-Passive)
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Normalized BOLD signal
EnhancementEnhancementEnhancementEnhancement
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Fusiform Face Area
(face-selective area)Parahippocampal Place Area
(scene-selective area)
These functionally defined regions serve as regions of interest
RL LR
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BOLD signal
RemembeRemember r
ScenesScenes
IgnoreIgnoreScenesScenes
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BOLD signal
PassivePassiveViewView
Younger (19-30 y.o.)Younger (19-30 y.o.)Younger (19-30 y.o.)Younger (19-30 y.o.) Older (60-77 y.o.) Older (60-77 y.o.) Older (60-77 y.o.) Older (60-77 y.o.)
Gazzaley, A. Gazzaley, A. et al.et al. Nature Nature Neuroscience Neuroscience (2005)(2005)
RemembeRemember r
ScenesScenes
IgnoreIgnoreScenesScenes
PassivePassiveViewView
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BOLD signal
RemembeRemember r
ScenesScenes
IgnoreIgnoreScenesScenes
PassivePassiveViewView
David Duncan (49 y.o.)David Duncan (49 y.o.)David Duncan (49 y.o.)David Duncan (49 y.o.)
OlderOlderYoungerYounger
SuppressionSuppressionSuppressionSuppression
Top-down Index Top-down Index ComparisonsComparisons
EnhancementEnhancementEnhancementEnhancement
OlderOlderYoungerYounger
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BOLD signal
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BOLD signal
DavidDavidDuncanDuncan
DavidDavidDuncanDuncan
Neural Basis of Top-down Neural Basis of Top-down DeficitDeficit
Areas of Top-down control(Face + Scene – Passive)
Quantifying Brain Volumes
EEG Behavioral Results
Accuracy: Faces Y = 90%, O = 78% (P = 0.001), DD= 83%
Scenes Y = 92%, O = 81% (P < 0.001), DD= 90%RT: Faces Y = 1381ms, O = 1673ms (P < 0.005), DD=1307 Scenes Y = 1348ms, O = 1588ms (P < 0.05), DD=1082
fMRI Behavioral Results
Accuracy: Faces Y = 95%, O = 88% (P = 0.001), DD = 95% Scenes Y = 90%, O = 83% (P < 0.001); DD = 92%
RT: Faces Y = 1193ms, O = 1302ms (NS), DD=894 Scenes Y = 1304ms, O = 1366ms (NS), DD=1191
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