Charli and Mahabir Overview Simulation Model

8/11/2019 Charli and Mahabir Overview Simulation Model

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Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy at University of Massachusetts

Building Energy Simulation Tools:

An Overview

Dr. D. Charlie Curcija

Dr. Mahabir BhandariDr. Lawrence L. Ambs

University of Massachusetts

MIE Dept.

Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

160 Governors Dr.

Amherst, MA 01003-9265


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Overview

Why building simulation (BS) tools?

Application of BS tools

Available BS Tools

How to choose a simulation tool?

Performing building simulation

Example: Case Study


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Why Building Simulation (BS) Tools?

To answer What If questions

An inexpensive means for exploring a plethora of different designoptions and HVAC systems

Aid in the analysis of energy usage in building

Energy conservation studies Building design studies

Energy saving potential: energy efficient design and operation

Building performance involves complex interactions and designercan experiment with different strategies quickly

Help in designing the buildings to conform with Building codes


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Application of BS Tools

Building heating/cooling load calculation (peakenergy Demand and its profile)

Building energy performance analysis,

Building energy management and control systemdesign,

Building regulations/codes/standards compliancechecking

Life Cycle Cost analysis

Quality Assurance (Commissioning)


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Available BS Tools

DOE-2 : Whole building analysis program Interface as eQuest, PowerDoe, VisualDoe, etc.

BLAST: building Load Analysis and System Thermodynamics.Uses heat balance method

EnergyPlus : Combination of DOE & Blast + additionalfeatures

Energy10 : For residential and small commercial buildingsI.e. buildings with one or two zones or small (


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BS Tools Contd.

TSBI3 : Easy to use flexible program developed byDanish Building Research Institute, Modular

ESP-r : Major European tool. Public domain

program, only Unix env., self learning modules COMBINE : Integrates more than 10 design tools

into an Intergraph based architectural CAD system

More information on these and other simulation

tools: www.eren.doe.gov/buildings/tools_directory/


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Specialized/Component Tools

To provide the detailed description of keycomponents such as

Detailed Frame calculations

Thermal bridges or 2-D heat transfer at window wallinterface

Air flows

Fenestration systems

The detailed results are more accurate and actas input to the whole building simulation model


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Specialized/Component Tools: Partial List

For daylighting Superlite, Radiance

For building envelopes:

THERM: Detailed 2D Analysis of heat transfer WINDOW/OPTICS: Fenestration heat transfer, solar heat

gain and solar-optical properties

For selecting energy efficient fenestration: RESFEN

For multi-zone airflow: COMIS

For moisture transport phenomenon : WUFI


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DOE 2 flow diagram

Loads

Output reports

HVAC ECON

Report processor(rep, hrp)

Simulation(doesim)

Building description

BDL Processor

(doebdl)

User Input

Weather

processor

Packed

weather

Keyword file

(BDLKEY.BIN)

Std Lib

(BDLLIB.DAT)

User lib

(USRLIB.DAT)


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DOE2: Input File Format

DOE2 uses BDL Language processor

KEYWORDS are used for the description

"Dirt" = MATERIAL

TYPE = PROPERTIES

THICKNESS = 2

CONDUCTIVITY = 0.5

DENSITY = 100

SPECIFIC-HEAT = 0.25

"Lay 8in CMU" = LAYERS

MATERIAL = ( "Dirt", "CMU HW 8in ConcFill (CB12)",

"Polystyrene 1.25in (IN34)", "GypBd 1/2in (GP01)" )..

"Cons 8in CMU" = CONSTRUCTION

TYPE = LAYERS

ABSORPTANCE = 0.65

ROUGHNESS = 2

LAYERS = "Lay 8in CMU"

"East Wall Z1" = EXTERIOR-WALL

CONSTRUCTION = "Cons 8in CMU"..


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DOE2 : GUIs

BDL file is difficult to create and users need toremember a number of related keywords

Graphical User Interfaces:

eQuest : Freeware and easy to use. PowerDoe :

Graphical presentation of both building description anddisplay of results

PowerDoe: Comprehensive GUI

VisualDoe : Rooms can be represented by block, ease

facades, design alternatives of drag drop, Customblock editor, custom

Other


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DOE with GUI: eQuest

Easy to use and free simple Graphical UserInterface for quick energy analysis

Only 31 sheets of details and can be mastered in

2-3 hours Default values and online help available

Uses DOE 2.2 as simulation engine

Wizard mode has no flexibility of changing databut user inputs can be provided in spreadsheetmode and/or by editing the default library


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eQuest: Wizard


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eQuest: Important Data

Building geometry : Footprint shape :Triangle, rectangle. L shape, T shape, + shape,

U shape, H shape (accordingly the length and width parameters)

Number of floors floor height

Zoning pattern: 1 per floor, Perimeter/core

Construction: walls/roof, floors/ceiling

Windows area, type, frame, overhangs/fins

Internal load Lighting, Occupancy, Equipment with schedules

Distribution by spaces

HVAC systems System description

Heating/cooling set points and Schedules


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eQuest: Spreadsheet view


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Q t 3D i


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eQuest: 3D view

Q EEM i d


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eQuest: EEM wizard

Q t R t


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eQuest: Reports


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Summary of eQuest

Advantages:

Easy to use interface

Detailed interface spreadsheet view : data can be changed butwizard mode can no more be utilized

Energy Efficiency Measure wizard

Can be used as a preliminary tool for a rough and quickestimation

Limitations: Can not accommodate building shape accurately (e.g. assumes

that all the floor plans are same). Only 3 floors :ground, middle

and top floor can be defined Only one wall type can be defined

Only 3 different type of windows and not flexible for window area

Materials can not be added in wizard mode


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DOE with GUI: PowerDOE

A window based user friendly and comprehensivegraphical user interface

DOE2.2 as simulation engine

Shapes & Geometry all opaque surfaces, floors and

spaces can be described as arbitrary polygons 3D view-any surface can be selected by just clicking on it

4 modules: Locate site, Describe building, Runcalculations and review results

Comprehensive online help - data entry field & screen


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Building description

Building View Floor view


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Locate site

S h f S


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Schematic view of Systems


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Review Results

Charli and Mahabir Overview Simulation Model

Documents

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