CHAPTER 7

Imperialism

Imperialism & Our Motives

IMPERIALISM: THE EFFORT TO TAKE OVER OTHER LANDS

Three motives for taking over Economic Interests: Need new customers &

raw materials Military Needs: Want land for naval bases to

refuel Different Ideologies:

NATIONALISM: Extreme love of Country CULTURAL SUPERIORITY: Thinking we are better

than others

Sugar Cane becomes Rum… and other things

Iron Ore becomes steel

Tobacco becomes…tobacco

Collins Type II

What were the three motives for Imperialism?

Make sure to describe each!

Annexation of Hawaii

American Sugar-Farmers in Hawaii were rich, and wanted more power

Planters wanted to overthrow the monarchy to take over Hawaii

BAYONET CONSTITUTION: Forced king to sign a new constitution at gunpoint Took away Hawaiian's right to vote Gave the US Pearl Harbor

President William McKinley supported annexation, congress approved in 1898, and Hawaii became a territory, then state in 1959

China & Japan

In 1895 Japan took over island of Taiwan

Russia, Germany, France, and Great Britain took over other Asian areas

SPHERE OF INFLUENCE: GEOGRAPHIC AREA WHERE OUTSIDE NATIONS HAVE CONTROL

United States felt left out and asked for an

OPEN DOOR POLICY: GIVE ALL NATIONS EQUAL TRADING RIGHTS IN CHINA

Other countries say: you snooze, you lose

?

Boxer Rebellion

Chinese began to resent outside influence

Secret group called the “Boxers” began attacking foreign missionaries

Boxers attacked capital city Beijing Western nations rushed in (including the

US) and China had to sign a peace agreement

Influence in Japan

Modernization In 1854 Japan started to trade with the US Transformed self into an industrialized nation Built up a strong military After taking over Taiwan, Japan eyed up Korea and

Manchuria 1904: Russo-Japanese War fought between Russia

and Japan over Manchuria Theodore Roosevelt came and negotiated a peace

treaty Won the Nobel Peace Prize!

Japan emerged the clear victor and world power Strongest power in East Asia

Spanish American War

Jose Marti tried to overthrow Spain

YELLOW JOURNALISM: SENSATIONAL REPORTING OF SPANISH MISRULE

De Lome Letter: Called McKinley weak

“Remember the Maine!” 266 dead, battle cry

Battle in the Philippines

Teddy Roosevelt had secret orders: Navy, get ready to attack the Philippines

when war is declared! Battle of Manilla Bay:

Victory without anyone dying

Cuba

Ill Equipped Soldiers Wool uniforms Canned food from Civil

War Rough Riders:

Teddy Roosevelt, cowboys, ranchers, miners

Buffalo Soldiers Experienced African

American soldiers San Juan Hill: Rough

Riders, Buffalo soldiers rushed up hill

Results:

Spain: lost Cuba &

Holdings in the West

USA: Won Cuba!

Philippines: Under US Rule

Roosevelt in Latin American

Platt Amendment: Part of Cuba’s new constitution Limited Cuba’s ability to sign

treaties US has right to get involved in

Cuba’s business Made Cuba a:

PROTECTORATE: country under control/protection of another

Roosevelt in Latin American

Puerto Rico: was it a protectorate? NO! Made a territory 1998: referendum voted to

stay terr. Foraker Act: US would

appoint Governor and Upper House Puerto Rico picks lower house

Panama Canal

Faster way from Atlantic to Pacific

French started bankrupt

TR supported plan rebellion against Colombia

Malaria killed many 44,000 workers 1914, completed

Monroe Doctrine

Said that the Western Hemisphere was closed

ROOSEVELT COROLLARY: ANY WRONG DOING IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE MAY FORCE US INTO POLICE ACTION

Dollar Diplomacy

Taft Promote US

economic interests in other countries

(bought out European loans)

1914: US spent $1.6 Billion