Ch. XIV The Height of Imperialism The new imperialism. How different is it from the old one? Why...

Ch. XIV The Height of ImperialismThe new imperialism. How different is it from the old one? Why did Westerners begin to increase their search for colonies after 1880? The European rivalries and the national prestige. Remember the Social Darwinism? Christian religion and democracy. RC - What were the four primary motivations for the new imperialism?

Southeast AsiaEngland: Singapore - the founder of this city state is… Burma - the collapse of the monarchy

France:

Vietnam as the French protectorate

Cambodia, Tonkin, Laos, Annam and Vietnam

become the Union of French Indochina.

• The Thailand exception

• How was Thailand able to maintain its independence from western powers?

USA: Commodore George Dewey What is so ironic about the acquisition of the

Philippines as an American colony? RC - What spurred Britain to control Singapore

and Burma?

Indirect and Direct Rule• Describe how a Colonial power can rule directly

and indirectly.

• When is indirect rule impossible? Give an example?

• Can a country be ruled both directly and indirectly?

• What was a common excuse for occupying a foreign land?

Can you think of any benefit that imperialism brought to the colonies?

RC - Why did the colonial powers prefer that colonists not develop their own industries?

Resistance.

What were the three forms of resistance to Western domination?

AfricaWest AfricaDo you remember by what was W.Africa hashly

effected? What was abolished by 1890’s? Name the major European countries who

occupied most of W Africa. Which one remained independent?

RC - Why did the slave trade decline in the 1800’s?

North Africa• Muhammad Ali and the modernization of Egypt• Ferdinand de Lesseps and the Suez Canal• Egypt becomes English protectorate in …• Muhammad Ahmad alias Mahdi vs. Charles

Gordon• What part of the African continent gets

colonized by France? • RC - Why was GB determined to have

complete control of the Suez Canal?

Central Africa• David Livingstone and Henry Stanley

• King Leopold II and the colonization of Congo.

• RC - What effect did King Leopold II have on European colonization of the Congo River Basin.

East Africa• Germany vs. England.

• “All this colonial business is a sham, but we need it for the election.” Otto von Bismarck

• The Berlin Conference of 1884. What was so significant about it?

• How about the African delegates?

South Africa• The Boers / Afrikaners

• Why were more Europeans present in South Africa than in any other part of the African continent?

• The creation of Orange Free State and Transvaal

• Which was the largest indigenous group of SA?

• Cecile Rhodes and the creation of Rhodesia

• The Boar War of 1899-1902

• RC What happened to the Boars at the end of the Boer War?

Colonial Rule in Africa• What were the countries that divided up Africa

like a cake among themselves?

• What were the only two countries that remained independent?

• Why were the native incapable to resist the Europeans?

• How did the French system of colonial rule differ from that of GB?

• Why were many African intellectuals frustrated with the colonial policy?

India• What company was responsible for running

vast territories of the Indian subcontinent?

• The Sepoy Mutiny. Was was the rumor that started it all? What was one of the major factors that contributed to the Sepoys’ defeat?

• The end of the EIC

• Queen Victoria as the empress of India.

Benefits of British Rule• Can you name some of the benefits that British

imperialism brought to India?

Costs of British Rule• The local industries• The zemindars• From growing food to growing cotton• British arrogance and the inequality. • Lord Kitchner and his white superiority belief• RC - How was British rule degrading to Indians?

The Nationalist Movement• In 1885 the INC is founded.

• The return of Mohandas Gandhi from SA

• What were the the aims of Ghandi?

Latin America• Creoles vs. the peninsulares• How did the Napoleonic wars weaken the

Spanish and Portuguese governments? Mexico:• Padre Hidalgo and September 16th• Why were the creoles and peninuslares afraid

of the high participation of the mestizos and the indigenous people?

South America:• Jose de San Martin and Simon Bolivar

• The joint forces of Bolivar and San Martin

• The Monroe Doctrine and the British Navy

• The caudillos

• Santa Anna and the Mexican War.

• “Poor Mexico, so far from God and so close to the United States.” - Santa Anna

• Benito Juarez and the separation of church and state.

• Latin America as an economic colony

• Export of minerals and food and import of finished products only lead to…

• another problem was the landed elite

US interference in L.America• Cuba and Puerto Rico

• The Colombian rebellion and the Panama independence

• The Panama Canal

• The big bully phenomena

The Mexican Revolution• 1000 families own all of Mexico

• Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata

• From 1910-1920 reigns in Mexico a civil war.

• By the time its finished, the economy is devastated but it leads to wide agrarian reforms, outpouring of patriotism and establish limits on foreign investment.

East Asia• The Opium War

• What did the Brits do to adjust the trade imbalance with China. How is the situation today?

• Hong Kong and extraterritoriality.

• The Tai Ping Rebellion

• What social reforms did the Tai Ping Rebellion demand?

• The sphere of influence

• Taiwan is taken over by Japan (Formosa)

• The Open Door Policy.

• Why did the US favor such policy? What effect it had on the internal situation in China?

• The Boxer Rebellion - how did it get its name?

China in Transition• Name the three ways in which the Westerners

affect the Chinese economy.

• Chinese culture under threat. Do you see your culture under threat?

• What effect did Western culture have on China?

Japan• Commodore Parry and the gun boat diplomacy

• What kind of concessions was the US seeking from Japan?

• RC - What events led to the collapse of the shogun system in Japan?

• Emperor Mutsuhito

• The liberals and the conservatives

Japan joining the Imperialist Nations

• Japans gets into conflict with China and Russia

• The Russo-Japanese war - a stunning victory for Japan

• Why did Japan turn itself into an imperialist power?

The Habsburg tragedies.

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Francis JosephReforms? No way!

Empress Sissyassassinated in 1898

Maximilianexecuted in1867





The crown prince Rudolf von Hapsburg and his paramour Marie Vetsara both found death in bed on January 30th, 1889.

The Sarajevo assassinationWas G.P. a freedom-

fighter or simply a

terrorist?





Archduke Francis Ferdinand

Gavrilo Princip (the assassin)





Radko MladicRadovan Karadic



Novak Djokovic

Is there such a thing as an evil nation?

The Serbs





Slobodan Milosevic

WWI• The impact on today

• The Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente



R.C. page 16 Internal disorder and its implicationWWI.

R.C. According to some historians,how might internal disorder have been one of the causes of WWI?

Conscription and militarism.

• R.C. What was the effect of conscription on events leading up to WWI?





The Serbian Problem and the Black Hands



Who has been the traditional ally of Serbia?What makes countries allies?

• The Austrian ultimatum

• Russia goes into full mobilization to support Serbia

• Germany is mad at Russia. What does she request from Russia?

• The Schlieffen plan

• RC. What was the Schliefen Plan and how did it complicate the events leading to WWI.

Ch. XIV The Height of Imperialism The new imperialism. How different is it from the old one? Why...

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