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Mayra Alvizo

Period 2

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Unit 2Unit 2Political Behavior, Political Behavior, Beliefs and PoliticalBeliefs and Political

PartiesParties

Unit 3Unit 3Elections, CampaingsElections, CampaingsInterests, Groups and Interests, Groups and

MediaMedia

Unit 4Unit 4Legislative BranchLegislative Branch

MixedMixed Vocab.Vocab.Unit 1Unit 1Constitutional Constitutional UnderpinningsUnderpinnings

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What is the first method to process the amending of the constitution?

First Method the amendment is proposed by Congress by a 2/3 vote in both houses. Then ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures.

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•Federalist were ones who supported a strong national government . The supporters of the Federalists were Property owners, creditors and merchants.

•Antifederalist were ones who opposed a strong central government. The supporters of the Antifederalist were small farmers, frontiersmen, debtors and shopkeepers.

Who were the Federalist and their supporters? Who are the Antifederalist and their supporters?

- $300Name the leaders of the Federalist and what type of advantages did the Federalist have. Name the leaders of the Antifederalist.

•Leaders of Federalist: Hamilton, Madison, Washington and Jay.

•Some advantages the Federalist had were that they were better represented in state legislature , controlled the press, began ratification procedures before Antifederalists could get organized and agreed to a Bill of Rights after ratification of the constitution.

•Leaders of Antifederalist: Henry, Mason and Gerry

- $400Due to the difficulties of formally changing the Constitution what informal ways were developed? Give examples of those informal developments.

•Acts of Congress, Ex: Judiciary Act of 1789

•Judicial rulings, Ex: Plessy V. Ferguson

•Presidential Actions, Ex: Executive privilege

•Customs and traditions, Ex: Cabinet, parties, presidential nominating

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This case was in 1819 dealing specifically with the constitutionality of a Congress chartered corporation, and more generally with the distribution of power between state and federal governments. 

What was the case Marbury V. Madison about?

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What is the most common form of political participation in the US?

•Voting in presidential elections

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Which question is asked if an individual is engaging in retrospective voting?

•What have you done for me lately

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What are some clues the could lead us to know how a voter will vote?

•Age

•Issue

•Party identification

•Gender

•Labor union status

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What are some examples of linkage institutions?

Political Parties, Interest groups and media.

- $500What are 5 important elements in the American view of the political system?

•Liberty

•Equality

•Democracy

•Civic Duty

•Individual responsibilities

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Does the media influence public opinion? Why?

Yes, because sometimes television personalizes candidates and elections. Also because those who see the media could influence others based on what those people say.

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What are the four functions of Lobbyist?

1. Influence government

2. Provide information to the government

3. Testify on hearings

4. Help write legislation

- $300Describe the term trial balloon?

An idea or a plan advanced tentatively to test public reaction.

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Why are advocacy adds used for?

They are used to avoid some campaign spending limits.

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What four factors help rise of the interest groups?

1. Consist of broad economic development creates new interests and redefine old ones.

2. Government policy it self-helps create interest groups.

3. Political organizations don’t emerge automatically even when government policy permits them.

4. More activities government undertake, the more organized groups there will be that are interested in those activities.

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What are the types of primary elections?

Open, Closed and Blanket.

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What are some factors that affect the outcomes of congressional elections?

Incumbency and lack of competitiveness due to “permanent congress”

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What are some advantages of incumbents?

Franking Privilege

Campaign staff in place

“Safe Seats”

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What are the effects of Gerrymandering?

The safe seats leads to difficulties for challengers

There is no change on what party takes power the one in charge is the one that will be in charge.

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How many members does the house and the senate have?

House: 100

Senate: 435

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Who is our Congress person?

Loretta Sanchez

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What some powers of congress?

1. lay and collect taxes 2. To borrow money from credit of USA 3. To regulate commerce with foreign nation 4. To establish a uniform of naturalization 5. To declare war 

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What is the difference between the Elite and Pluralist theory?

Elite is theory of the state of which a small member of the of population control the country despite the results of the election. Pluralist is the theory which every member of the country participate in making decisions in the government.

- $400 What was Baker v. Carr?

This ordered state legislative districts to be as near equal as possible in population

- $500What are complaints from both liberals and conservatives about the news coverage?

Conservatives claim that reporters are too liberal and Liberals claim that publishers are conservative

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What is Gender gap?

The difference in voting patterns for men and women, particularly in the greater tendency of the latter to vote for Democratic presidential candidates.

- $200This party is aka minor parties, created due to dissatisfaction with the two major parties especially concerned with specific issues and political trends. Not very competitive in elections but can ensure that major political parties and media pay attention to their concerns and address problems they identify. Examples; Socialist, Green, Libertarian

Third party

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What is Gerrymandering?

Drawing of district boundaries (cracking and packing) so as to favor one’s own chances of future elections.

- $400 What is a Sound bite?

It is a short, pithy comment that is likely to attract media attention, e.g., Ronald Reagan saying, “A recession is when your neighbor loses his job, a depression is when you lose your job, and recovery is when Jimmy Carter loses his job.”

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What is a Quorum?

minimum number of members needed for the House or Senate to meet.