A_English
Transcript of A_English
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«The future child is likely to be bi-lingual
and bi-cultural, if not trilingual and tri-cultural»
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• Find dialogues through which you can teach cultural elementsdifferent from the Greek culture.
• Examine text book dialogues which attempt to convey someunderstanding of British and American cultures. Analyze the culturalcontent in the following terms:- Is the cultural content of a superficial nature?- Does it reflect interesting aspects of behaviour and social organization?- Are the features mentioned, indicators of deeper attitudes and values?
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Look at Picture 1 carefully.- Where does the picture seem to have been taken?
Describe the people.- How are they dressed?
- What are they doing?
Related Topics.- Family Pleasures.
- Outdoor Activities.
PICTURE 1: A Happy Family
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Look at Pictures 2 and 3 carefully. Describe them and discuss these two different
ways of spending holidays.
- Which one would you prefer and why?
PICTURE 2: Camping Holidays
PICTURE 3: Traditional Hotel Holidays
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In the following conversation between a clerk in a travel agency and a customer,
the part of the clerk is missing. Play the role of the clerk to produce a completedialogue. The first sentence has been done for you as an example.
e.g. Clerk: May I help you?
Customer : I would like to book a flight to Madrid.Clerk: ........................................................................................ (1)Customer: As soon as possible. Is there a flight today?Clerk: ........................................................................................ (2)Customer: But it is absolutely essential I get there by
the end of the week.Clerk: ........................................................................................ (3)Customer: It’ s all right. I’ll be back in half an hour.Clerk: ........................................................................................ (4)Customer: Tom Anderson.
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Suppose you come from different countries (U.S.A., Russia, Great Britain,
France). Using the information below discuss about national celebrations in
your country. Begin like this:
In my country there is a big holiday on ......
Independence Day - U.S.A.
This day is celebrated in the U.S.A.on the fourth of July. It was on this day that
the American colonies won their freedom from British rule.People celebrate
outdoors, having picnics and barbecues, and at night there are huge firework
displays.
May Day - Russia
It’s a holiday for working people.In the past, the government used the festival to
commemorate the revolution which brought them to power. They used to
celebrate with a parade featuring tanks and soldiers, but nowadays the
atmosphere is less military.
Queen’s Birthday - Great Britain
There is a big festival every year on Queen Elizabeth II’ s birthday. The Queen,
riding on horseback, joins in the parade alongside the hundreds of servicemen
under her command.
25th of March - Greece
25th of March is a national holiday commemorating the successful revolution of
the Greeks against the Turks. There are military parades and celebrations held
throughout the country.
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wrong.
YES NO
1. reward means something in return for hard work.
2. reinforce means make something stronger.
3. accurate means unsatisfactory.
4. odd means strange.
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�.!�/0���. 1:Choose the right word that completes the sentence.
1. He doesn’t know about life in the country because he was brought ---- in the
city.
e.g. A. on B. away C. up D. off
2. In my ----, you are unreasonable.
A. opinion B. idea C. thought D. aspect
3. Jack has no------that Jill is the girl for him.
A. wishes B. doubts C. views D. opinions
4. Breakfast is my favourite ------ .
A.dessert B. food C. meal D. dish
�.!�/0���. 2:Choose the odd word out.
1. shine
glow
sparkle
grow
2. enter
abandon
leave
quit
3. good-looking
handsome
cruel
attractive
4. worried
upset
annoyed
pleased
e.g. 1. grow
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�.!�/0���. 1:Choose the right word that completes the sentence.
1. Shall we ---- tomorrow?
e.g. A. to go swimming B. go to swim C. go swimming
D. go swim
2. When we reached the top, we ----- see the village below us.
A. can B. could C.should D. ought to
3. Susan who has a farm in Kent, explained the fight she had had with her father
to prevent him from ------it because he had no sons.
A. sell B. to sell C. selling D. sold
4. I can’t write because I ------ my arm.
A. break B.am breaking C. had broken D. have broken
�.!�/0���. 2:Choose the only word which doesn’t fit in the sentence.
1. There were ----- people in the shop.
e.g. A. much B. some C. many D. a few
2. When it rains, he ------- driving a car.
A. avoids B. dislikes C. would rather D. hates
3. I like ----- independent.
A. being B. to feel C. feeling D. be
4. You’ll suceed, if you -----
A. do as I tell you B. listen to me C. consider my opinion
D. will listen to me
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Match the adjectives with their explanation.
A B
1. illiterate a. someone who likes being with other people
2. sociable b. someone deserving trust
3. reliable c. someone who is rude and offends people
4. impolite d. someone who can’t read or write
e.g. 1:d
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Match the picture of column A with the appropriate verb of column B.
e.g. 1:c
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Match the following to make meaningful sentences:
A B
1. He called the police a. may have lived five hundred
years ago.
2. He needed a rest b. because he saw the thief.
3.They weren’t seriously injured c. because he had been driving for
fifteen hours.
4. The people who are buried here d. because they were wearing
their safety helmets.
e.g. 1:b
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Match the following to make a conditional sentence:
A B
1. If they had known about the
bomb in time,
a. we would abandon our
research.
2. If I had money, b. the accident would not
probably have happened.
3. If the experiment failed, c. they could have evacuated
the building.
4. If it hadn’t been raining, d. I would travel all over the
world.
e.g. 1:c
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Put the words in the correct order so that they make sense.
1. Make/ I / wish/ lot/ a / didn’t/ I/ mistakes/ ofe.g. I wish I didn’t make a lot of mistakes.
2. she/ finger/ cut/ she/ hadn’t/ wished /her3. Ann/ long/ she/ has/ known/ how?4. often/ home/she/goes/on Fridays/early5. stolen / the / robbers / car / a/ in / escaped
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�.!�/0���.�1:Make two lists of the following adjectives concerning appearance: one with theadjectives having positive meaning and one with those having negativemeaning:
Adjectives concerning appearance:filthycharmingattractivedirtygood-lookingcruel
grubbyprettygrimylovelynice
Adjectives with positive meaning: charming ......………………………………
Adjectives with negative meaning: filthy ......………………………………….
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Arrange the words concerning weather in order, starting from the coldest to
the hottest:
Words concerning weathercoldcoolfreezinghot
mildscorchingwarm
Start from : freezing, ....………………………………………………………
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(The Braille system is a method by which the blind can read by feeling raised
dots on a page). Here are some of his notes which are jumbled. Put them in
chronological order.
a) Braille was accidentally blinded when he was 3 years old.
b) Louis Braille was born in France in 1809.
c) At the age of ten, he was sent to a special school for the blind.
d) In his early twenties, he was successful and invented the Braille system,
which is still in use today.
e) He did not think much of the methods of teaching the blind which were used
at the special school.
f) Braille decided to see if he could invent a system similar to night-writing to
enable the blind to read.
g) He met a Captain Barbier who told him about a night-writing system which
soldiers could use to read in the dark.
Start from : 1. Louis Braille was born in France in 1809 (b). .........
�.!�/0���.�2:
Put the following paragraphs in the correct order to produce a coherent text
entitled «Fungi». Add a number in the spaces provided, so that it shows the
paragraphs’ correct order.
---- In addition, they are valuable in medicine, as they are employed in the
production of drugs, vitamins and in the manufacture of antibiotics, such as
penicillin. (a)
---- A category of microorganisms actively involved in our everyday life are the
fungi. Fungi can be both destructive and beneficial to a man. At some time
in our life, all of us have been benefited or harmed by these
microorganisms. (b)
---- However, the elements produced by the process of decomposition return to
the environment to be used again by living organisms. (c)
---- Concerning the destructive aspect of fungi, they cause plant and animal
diseases. Some kinds of fungi are pathogenic to humans and cause diseases
known as mycoses. (d)
---- Finally, the mushrooms, a group of fungi, are a source of food. All of us at
some time in our life have tasted the delights of a meal garnished with
mushrooms. (e)
---- They are also the saprophytic agents responsible for the decomposition of
organic matter. As a result, they affect us by destroying food, wood, fabrics,
leather and other goods made of raw material. (f)
---- Concerning the beneficial aspect, fungi are important in industry, as they
form the basis of processed involving fermentation, for example the
production of bread, biscuits, alcohol, wine, beer, whisky and certain kinds
of cheese. (g)
Start from : 1. A category of microorganisms (b). .........
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Complete the gaps choosing six of the following words or phrases:
• sewing
• walking about
• rich girl
• educated
• inheritance
• people
• at last
• share
• always
After (1) ---------------- for two days, Jane found refuge at the cottage of some
friendly people. She spent a few months there, teaching (2) ----------------,
reading and writing to the girls off the village. (3) ---------------- she discovered
that the people who had helped her were her cousins.
One day there was a letter announcing the death of her uncle, which revealed
that she was a (4) ----------------. As she was generous, she decided to (5) ---------
------- her (6) ---------------- between her cousins and herself.
e.g. 1: walking about.
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Read the text below and decide which word or phrase A, B, C or D best fits
each space.Only one answer is correct.
Agatha Christie’s novels were (1) ---------------- into over 100 languages so
she (2) ---------------- the most popular writer of crime stories who ever lived.Yet
it is (3) ---------------- a mystery to some people that her books (4) ----------------
so attractive to readers. She did not write very well. She invented a detective,
Hercules Poirot, who is (5) ---------------- to be Belgian and can hardly speak
English unless the author (6) ---------------- it necessary to (7) ---------------- the
reader of a vital clue; then Poirot suddenly becomes fluent and explains (8) ------
---------- how only the murderer (9) ---------------- known where to get the poison
used and why the (10) ---------------- on the vital document is not the victim’s.
The police solve almost all crimes in real life but Poirot needs no (11) ------------
---- from them. The reasons for Agatha Christie’s success are really quite simple.
Her stories are a puzzle we can do just to (12) ---------------- the time, like a
crossword. (13) ---------------- likeable is ever killed and we are never (14) -------
--------- of how horrible murder really is left to wonder whether the wrong
person has been (15) ---------------- of the crime.
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ù ú C D
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
10.11.12.13.14.15.
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Insert the following pieces of information in the appropriate place in the textbelow entitled “Fur- a dressing material”.
• while in the colder regions many species of animals have a white fur.
• the essential requirements for food and warmth were met by the killing of
furred animals.
• a kind of fur taken from a very young lamb is called «Persian lamb» and is
very expensive.
• because the hair covering the skin of the animal is thicker during this period.
Fur is the dense and soft growth of hair that covers the skin of manymammals. It is usually manufactured into expensive coats, jackets and othervalued articles. Since the climate affects its quality, the fur of animals killed in
winter is very expensive (1) _______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fur is normally darker on the back of the animals than on their sides or
underneath. In tropical zones fur is of various shades of brown to black, (2) __
_______________________________________________________________
The fur may vary in colour in the two sexes, that of young animals usually
differs from that of adults and is often more highly valued. For example, (3) __
_______________________________________________________________
The intensive hunting of animals for fur has greatly reduced their numbers.
As a result, to produce enough furs for the ever-increasing market, the mink, fox
and other fur animals are now bred on special farms. Furs have been used for
dressing from the earlier stages of human development. In cold regions (4) __
_______________________________________________________________
Nowadays, furs have become indispensable for richer classes and therefore
their commerce has been extended over the whole world.
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Think of one word which best fits each space:
Every day thousands of people jog. Why has jogging become so popular?Donald Robbins, who is forty-two years old (1) -------------- works in an office,began jogging (2) -------------- few years ago because he felt (3) -------------- wastoo fat. At first he (4) -------------- only run about 100 yards, and (5) --------------took him almost three months to (6) -------------- able to run a full mile. (7) -------------- two years he ran in (8) -------------- eastern marathon race-over twenty -sixmiles.
(9) -------------- you jog too? If you decide (10) --------, be sure to ask yourdoctor (11) -------------- advice.
Does jogging cost much? No, (12) -------------- costs almost nothing. But mostagree (13) -------------- good running shoes are very important (14) --------------- ----- protect your feet and legs from (15) -------------- shock of running on hard
surfaces. If you start jogging, it could make your heart stronger and also help youto feel better about yourself.
e.g. 1: and
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I HAVE A DREAM
I say to you today, my friends, that in spite of the difficulties and frustrations
of the moment I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American
dream.
I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true
meaning of its creed: «We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are
created equal».
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former
slaves and the sons of former slave- owners will be able to sit down together at
the table of brotherhood.
I have a dream that one day the state of Mississipi, a state sweltering with the
heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into
an oasis of freedom and justice.
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where
they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their
character.
I have a dream today.
I have a dream that one day down in Alabama with its racists, with its
governor having his lips dripping into the words of interposition and
nullification, one day right there in Alabama little Black boys and Black girls
will be able to join their hands with little White boys and White girls as sisters
and brothers.
Martin Luther King
Inferential questions:
1. What do you think was Martin Luther King’s dream?
2. Why do you think freedom and justice were important at the time of the
author?
Evaluative questions:
1. Do you believe that his dream can be realized?
2. According to your opinion is it important to believe in brotherhood and why?
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Join the following sentences into one using the linking words in parenthesis.
1. The man was hungry. He was also tired. (not only ....but ...as well)
e.g. Not only was the man hungry, but he was tired as well.
2. He could not drive the old car. He could not sell it. He could not give it away.(neither...nor...nor).
3. The pretty girl is called Julia. You just saw her coming down the stairs. (who)4. The Thames was polluted for over a hundred years. It is now clean enough to
swim in. (which)5. His wife tells him he must sell the pictures. He must give them away to a
museum. (either ...or)
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Construct a paragraph joining the following sentences with the linking words
in parenthesis:
1. I was extremely shocked. I thought the dentist had made a terrible mistake
(because).
2. He smiled. He showed me the tooth. (however, and).
3. He had pulled out the right one. I had not realized it (but).
4. I had made a mistake. I had unconsciously criticized his work (not only ......
but ... as well).
Paragraph:
I was extremely shocked, because I thought the dentist had made a terrible
mistake. However, he smiled and showed me the tooth. He had pulled out the
right one, but I had not realized it. Not only had I made a mistake, but I had
unconsciously criticized his work as well.
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�.!�/0���.�Rephrase the following sentences starting with the words given.
1. I expect that he will get there by lunch- time.
e.g. I expect him to get there by lunch- time.
2. Our French exam was much easier than our German one.Our French exam was not .....
3. I tried as hard as I could, but I just couldn’t get the money.No matter....
4. I really think you ought to acquire a few manners.It’s high time ....
5. I am not sure abour the price, but I think it’s £ 5.6. As far as ....
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Write a summary of about 50 words using the information of the text below.
A Russian scientist believes that a space-ship from another planet may have
crashed and exploded in Russia in 1908. At the time, the explosion was so great,
that it was heard 1,200 kilometres away. The earth shook so violently that horses
pulling a plough 400 kilometres away were thrown to the ground. Scientists say
that the force of the explosion was 2,000 times greater than the first atomic
bomb. Although some other scientists believe that a huge meteorite hit the earth,
the Russian scientist argues that the explosion was of nuclear origin and was
probably caused by a space-ship from another world.
Summary:
A scientist in Russia, now, thinks that the violent explosion in 1908 could have
been caused by a space-ship. Not all scientists agree, however, and others think
the cause was a huge meteorite. The object hit the earth with a much more
powerful force than the first atomic bomb.
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You are about to come back to Athens after a year of studying at a British
University. Write a letter to an English speaking friend describing some of the
presents you have bought for your friends and family.
The following notes will help you:
• Say why you are writing and add that you have been shopping.
• Give details of what you have bought (clothes, food, souvenirs, books etc.)
• Finish the letter in a suitable way, saying you hope to see your friend before
your departure.
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Use the following outline to write a story which should contain about 80-100
words:
• going home from school
• friend suggests take an unusual road
• see smoke from a window
• fire brigade
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Use the words below as an outline to make up a story of about 120-150 words.
Title: My first Flight
• crew-passenger
• aboard- boarding
• overcome-refreshments
• disembarking
• aircraft
• relief
• via
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Describe the atmosphere of this scene.
- What is the relationship between these people?
- Describe their physical appearance (age, facial features, clothing),
behaviour, feelings etc.
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Look carefully at the pictures that follow and write instructions about the use
of a coffee-maker.
The following words can help you:
• coffee-maker’s tank
• jar
• filter
• lid
• plug
(A) ........................................................................................................................
(B) .........................................................................................................................
(C) ........................................................................................................................
(D) ........................................................................................................................
(ü) .........................................................................................................................
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June was late last night because she went to the disco. Now her father asks her a lot
of questions and she....lies a bit. Complete June’s words:
Father: What time did you come home last night, June?
June: ...................................................................................................... (1)
Father: Half past twelve? I didn’t hear you.
June: ...................................................................................................... (2)
Father: You didn’t go to that damned disco, did you?
June: ...................................................................................................... (3)
Father: Why did you come back so late? The concert
didn’t go on till midnight, did it?
June: ...................................................................................................... (4)
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Write a letter in which you introduce yourself to a prospective employer on the
basis of an advertisement you have seen in the newspaper.
The following will help you.
• mention your field of work, your education, your experience
• ask for further information about the job.
ADVERTISEMENT
English speaking young man or lady wanted to work as a salesperson in tourist shop, full time. Experience and referencesrequired. Excellent working conditions. High salary. � 8042159
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- Advantages of Travelling Abroad
- Pocket Money for Children
- A Trip to the Mountains
- The Importance of Friends
- Wars are always wrong. Do you agree?
- Exams are not useful. Do you agree?
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A. READING COMPREHENSION (30%)
RHODESRhodes, the largest of the Dodecanese islands, is not an ordinary holiday
resort but a cosmopolitan place of international reputation. Indeed, this relatively
limited space, endowed with innumerable natural beauties, is rightly considered
a tourists' Paradise. Holidays here are not restricted to the three summer months,
as the sunny period lasts much longer.
In Rhodes everyone can choose their preferred type of holiday - the intensity
of an excellently equipped major resort or the peace and quiet of a small,
traditional seaside or mountain village. Swimming in the crystal-clear waters of
Rhodes is equally fascinating on populous beaches or on isolated pebbled
seashores.
Lovers of history will be drawn to the remarkable monuments all over the
island, signs of its long past. Those who prefer mobility will find an adequate
network of roads enabling them to reach almost every corner of the island. Daily
air and sea communications with other islands, numerous tourist agencies open
limitless horizons to the traveller.
By its present reality, Rhodes would resemble a rose (rhodon in Greek) rather
than the mythical nymph after whom the island was allegedly named.
The Tourist Guide of Greece. Copyright 1997. Plus Network Services S.A.
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
Match the words of the first column with their explanation of the second
column (5 points).
A B
1. ordinary
2. equipped
3. isolated
4. restricted
5. reputation
a. the general opinion about the qualities
of something
b. usual
c. separate, away from others
d. supplied with what is needed
e. kept within limits
QUESTION 2
According to the passage decide whether the following statements are true
(T) or false (F). Tick the right box (5 points).
True False
1. Rhodes has many natural beauties. � �
2. People all over the world know about Rhodes. � �
3. There are only sandy beaches in Rhodes. � �
4. A tourist can visit the island only during the summer. � �
5. It is very easy to visit the nearby islands. � �
QUESTION 3
«In Rhodes everyone can choose their preferred type of holiday». Explain in
not more than 30 words the meaning of this sentence
(10 points).
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QUESTION 4
Write in not more than 50 words, why someone should visit Rhodes
(10 points).
...............................................................................................................................
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B. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURE (30%)
EXERCISE 1
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in
parenthesis (10 points).
1. If I ............................... (know) the answer, I would tell you.
2. John ............................... (paint) the bathroom when Mary ..............................
(come back) from work.
3. The aeroplane ............................... (take off) by the time I
............................... (arrive) at the airport.
4. Guess who ............................... (come) to dinner tonight!
5. I don’t know when I ............................... (see) you again.
6. ............................... (you / hear) about the accident on the motorway?
7. Carol usually ……………................................ (drink) wine but she
............................... (drink) beer now.
EXERCISE 2
Rephrase the following sentences starting with the words given
(6 points).
1. I don’t speak Spanish as well as George.
George ........
2. He didn’t study, so he did not get good marks.
If he ........
3. It’s better for you not to sleep late.
You ........
4. When did father last visit the doctor?
When was ........
5. You must have your homework ready in an hour.
Your ........
6. What a pity Judy is not coming to the party.
I wish ........
EXERCISE 3a) Fill in the gaps with Infinitive or Gerund (4 points).
1. Diana hates ............................... (play) chess but she loves Backgammon.
2. I am sorry ............................... (say) that the dinner is canceled.
3. Her mother makes her ............................... (clean) her room every Sunday.
4. We enjoy ............................... (lie) in the sun for hours.
b) Match the items of Column A with those of B so that they make sense.
(4 points).
A B
1. He’s the Italian guy
2. The local park
3. I like parties
4. The person about
a. whom you are talking is right
behind you.
b. who is staying with John’s
family.
c. which go on till very late.
d. where we played as children has
been built over.
EXERCISE 4
Fill in the blanks in the text below choosing answers from columns a, b or c.
Virtual Reality (VR) is a special kind of computer which (1) ...................... over
the last few years. It allows you to go somewhere new or try a different activity
without even leaving your seat!
The place you want to go to or the activity you want to do (2) ......................
from your seat. First, a helmet with special goggles must (3) ......................on
your head. Then a special glove (4) ...................... on your hand. The direction
can be changed with this glove. If you don’t have the glove, a joystick or mouse
can (5) ...................... instead. More advanced ideas (6) ...................... at the
moment.
a b c
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
was developed
is chosen
being put
is being worn
being used
are tested
has been developed
is being chosen
put
is worn
be used
are being tested
is being developed
was chosen
be put
worn
to use
are testing
C. WRITING (40%)
Your best friend is on holidays abroad and he has left you his motor bike.
Unfortunately, your friend’s motor bike was damaged in an accident. Write a
letter of 120 - 150 words describing the situation, apologising for the
damage in the motor bike and offering to fix it (40 points).
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ûüÿ+�ù�úï�+ÿù��ù,þü���ÿü��þ��ùï���üÿ�
A. READING COMPREHENSION (30%)
GRAFFITI ART
Man has always scribbled and drawn on wall; for example, the graffiti of
prehistoric man has become a museum piece. If man draws on walls now, his
graffiti does not become a museum piece. It is wiped off walls as soon as it is
put there. Yet aerosol art has become a serious business to a growing number of
young people and their messages are on the wall - in the same way as prehistoric
man used to use his wall paintings as a way of communicating.
Graffiti art, or graff to use its slang or popular name, takes a number of
forms. It can be an individual scribble, often just the initials of the artist, or
something which is much larger, and like a mural. Each artist has her or his own
tag, or signature, and each piece of graff is tagged.
For some artists, graff is a reaction, while for others it is a thought-out
expression. Either way the graffiti has the personal stamp of the young person on
it and it is an expression of her or his feelings. The motivation behind a piece of
graff can be happiness or sadness, frustration or relief. For this reason, graff is
very close to the hearts of young people.
by R.Nolasco, 1992
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
Match the words of the first column with their explanation of the second
column (5 points).
A B
1. graffiti
2. wipe off
3. scribble
4. prehistoric
5. communication
6. slang
7. frustration
8. relief
9. motivation
10. initials
a. disappointment
b. informal words used in every day speech
c. drawings or writing on a public wall
d. exchanging information
e. causing somebody to act
f. concerning the time before recorded
history
g. first letters of a person’s name
h. write fast or carelessly
j. lessening of pain, distress or anxiety
k. remove by rubbing its surface
QUESTION 2
According to the passage decide whether the following statements are true
(T) or false (F). Tick the right box (5 points).
True False
1. Drawing on walls is a new fashion. � �
2. Very few young people use graffiti today. � �
3. Every artist has his or her signature. � �
4. Prehistoric people used to communicate
by drawing on walls. � �
5. Young people express their feelings with graffiti. � �
QUESTION 3
What are the main forms of graffiti art mentioned in the text? Why do young
people draw on walls? Answer briefly in your own words (10 points).
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
QUESTION 4
Describe in not more than 50 words a piece of graffiti you have seen or
imagined (10 points).
The following questions are to help you:
• Where have you seen it?
• Do you think it carries a political or social message? Is it funny or
interesting and why?
• What appeal does it have to you? How do you feel about it? (importance of
colour, shape)
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
B. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURE (30%)
EXERCISE 1
Fill in the gaps with the suitable relative pronoun. Choose from who, which,
whose, where (5 points).
Homer was a great Greek poet (1) -------- lived in the eighth century B.C. We
know very little about his life. He wrote two big epic poems (2) --------survived
through all these centuries. The Odyssey tells us about the difficulties (3) ------
Odysseus faced on his way from Troy, (4) -------- the Troyan war took place, to
his kingdom , the small island of Ithaki. The beautiful Kirki (5) -------- turned
his soldiers into pigs did not want to let him go away. He had to fight with
Poseidon(6) -------- wanted to punish him and made the voyage dangerous for
his ship. The Iliad (7) -------- was written later tells us about the anger of
Achilles, (8) -------- mother was a goddess, against Agamemnon (9) -------- was
the king of Mycenae, during the Troyan war. Both poems show us the
adventures and heroic lives of Greek and Troyan heroes and the every day lives
and customs of the people (10) -------- lived during the Dorian Age.
EXERCISE 2
Put the verbs in parenthesis into the correct tense (10 points).
1. When water …….. (freeze), it …….. (change) into ice.
2. I …….. (meet) him while I …….. (go) to the office.
3. We …….. (study) two of Shakespeare’s plays at present.
4. «She …….. (not write) to me since she …….. (leave) Greece.
5. The teacher …….. (get) very angry when she …….. (realise) what the boys
…….. (do).
EXERCISE 3
a) Complete the sentences choosing one of the following words: much,
many, little, few, a few (5 points).
1. How -------- eggs do you need for the cake?
2. There were very -------- people at the concert.
3. Hurry up! We have very -------- time to get to the station.
4. Will you buy bread, please? There isn’t -------- at home.
5. I can speak -------- words of Spanish, but I am not very fluent.
b) Put the correct form of make or do in the blank spaces (5 points)
1. Will you -------- me a favour and close the door , please?
2. Everyone must -------- their beds in the morning before leaving.
3. Have you -------- your homework yet?
4. I’ll -------- a cake because my grandparents are visiting us.
5. I usually -------- the shopping at the supermarket on Friday evening.
EXERCISE 4
Bessy Jones, a young actress in the TV programme «Round the Corner», has an
interview with a reporter. Put in the reporter’s questions (5 points).
eg. Reporter: Do you enjoy acting?
Bessy: Yes, I enjoy acting very much.
Reporter: ……………………………………………………………(1)
Bessy: I started acting when I was twelve.
Reporter: ……………………………………………………………(2)
Bessy: I don’t know how long it will go on.
Reporter: ……………………………………………………………(3)
Bessy: I am not going to tell you. How much money I earn is
my own business.
Reporter: ……………………………………………………………(4)
Bessy: Of course, they are!
Reporter: ……………………………………………………………(5)
Bessy: I don’t know. I haven’t got any at the moment.
C. WRITING (40%)
Imagine that you are looking into a room through a window. Write a
description of what you can see in about 150 words (40 points).
The following cues can help you:
• characteristics of the room (size, shape)
• pieces of furniture
• people living in the room
• overall impression.
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A. READING COMPREHENSION (30%)
AN ANATOMY OF FEARMany childhood fears, such as fear of animals, darkness, storms, doctors and
strangers, disappear as the child gets older. The important think is to talk about
them and get adults to take them seriously. However, as people get older, a few
may suffer badly from phobias. These are unreasonable fears which send your
body and mind into panic. The more common phobias are the fear of heights,
spiders, closed places, driving a car, flying in planes, speaking in public,
injections and blood. There are endless uncommon phobias including a fear of
running water, swallowing solid food, and even going to the hairdresser’s. There
is even the case of the tennis player who wore gloves because he had a phobia
about fuzz, and the wool that tennis balls are covered with is fuzzy.
Everyone is mildly phobic about something. For example, I can’t stand flying
in aeroplanes, although I do it when I have to. But when your phobia spoils your
life, it is time to do something about it.
Stephen Frazer Reports
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
a) Match the nouns of the first column with their explanation of the second
column. There is an extra noun (2 ½ points).
A B
1. storm
2. adult
3. spider
4. injection
5. fuzz
6. panic
a. confused hysterical actions of fear
b. short fine hair
c. force a drug into somebody with a
syringe
d. violent weather conditions
e. mature, old enough to vote or marry
b) Match the verbs of the first column with the appropriate explanation of
the second column. There is an extra verb (2 ½ points).
A B
1. include
2. suffer
3. disappear
4. spoil
5. stand
6. swallow
a. allow food to go down the throat
b. bear
c. ruin, harm
d feel pain or sorrow
e. have something as part of a whole
c) Arrange the following adjectives according to the size of trouble a person
has regarding «fear». terrified, worried, afraid, paralysed, uncertain,
panicked ( 3 points).
Start from: paralysed ..................................................................................
QUESTION 2
According to the text decide whether the following statements are true (T)
or false (F). Tick the right box (10 points).
True False
1. As the person grows up, childhood fears get
weaker. � �
2. There is logic in suffering from phobias. � �
3. To be afraid to visit the hairdresser’s is usual. � �
4. The tennis player of the text wears gloves
to avoid cold. � �
5. Slight fears about something are common for
everybody. � �
QUESTION 3
Why do you think children can be afraid of animals? Answer briefly in your
own words (5 points).
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QUESTION 4
Explain the meaning of the last sentence of the text in not more than
50 words: «But when your phobia spoils your life, it is time to do something about
it» (7 points).
The following cues are to help you:
• How can a phobia spoil your life?
• What can you do to face this problem?
• Give an example from your experience.
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B. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURE (30%)
EXERCISE 1
Choose the correct form of the verbs (singular or plural) in the following
sentences: (5 points).
1. The trousers you bought for me doesn’t / don’t fit me.
2. Politics is /are one of the most importnat aspects of the study of history.
3. Three days isn’t/ aren’t long enough for a good holiday.
4. Can I borrow your scissors? Mine isn’t/ aren’t sharp enough.
5. English is/are my best subject at school.
EXERCISE 2Sylvia has just had an interview for a job. Look at the interviewer’s notes andwrite down what his questions were (10 points).1. I left school three years ago.
…………………………………………………………………………2. My best subject was music.
…………………………………………………………………………3. I live in Brighton.
…………………………………………………………………………4. Yes, I have got a car.
…………………………………………………………………………5. Yes, I would like to work evenings.
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EXERCISE 3
Fill in the gaps of the following text with the suitable word choosing fromthe following: someone (body), anyone(body), no-one (body) (5 points).Paul and Beth stopped at a small petrol station in Scotland. (1) ………….. cameto serve them. They couldn’t see (2) ………….. « (3) ………….. must be here,because they’ve left the office door open. Perhaps there is (4) ………….. in theoffice. Go and see, Beth. If you find (5) ………….., tell them we want somepetrol». Beth knocked, but (6) ………….. answered. She went in, but shecouldn’t see (7) …………..» Is (8) ………….. there? (9) ………….. answered.Then she saw a notice. «If (10) ………….. is here, we are closed», it said.
EXERCISE 4
Put the verbs in parenthesis into the correct tense (10 points).1. According to the weather forecast, it ………….. (rain) tomorrow.2. The sun ………….. (rise) in the east.3. Yesterday evening Tom ………….. (have) a bath, when the phone …………..
(ring).4. Look! Somebody ………….. (climb) the tree over there.5. I can’t ………….. (find) my bicycle. Probably somebody ………….. (take) it.6. Ann ………….. (spend) a lot of money yesterday. She ………….. (buy) a
dress, which ………….. (cost) £ 50.
C. WRITING (40%)
You have been on holiday abroad for a week. Write a letter of 120-150 words
describing your holiday to your best friend (40 points).
The following steps can help you:
• greeting
• setting of the scene (time and place of your holiday)
• description of the place and your activities so far
• general impressions and comments (feelings, thoughts, recommendations of
the place to your friend)
• ending
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A. READING COMPREHENSION (30%)
EURORAILINGRail travel allows you to explore the hidden corners of the continent,
especially areas where rural lines are still open and trains are still the most
common form of public transport. It is also a relaxing way to travel, whether
you’re using it as a cheap bed for the night, or as a ring-side seat for a series of
stunning views.
The golden rule is not to try to cram too much into the time available. Trying
to see the whole of Europe in a month, by spending every night on a train and an
afternoon in each capital city will result in an unsatisfactory blur of shallow
impressions. Instead, try to vary your route, mixing visits to cities with relaxing
spells on the beach or in the countryside.
These ideas are really just common sense, but it’s amazing how often they’re
overlooked. But the most important tip of all is - have fun!
by Simon Haines and Barbara Stewart, 1994
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
Match the words of the first column with the appropriate explanation of the
second column. There are two extra words (5 points).
A B
1. explore
2. rural
3. relaxing
4. stunning
5. cram
6. overlook
7. blur
8. shallow
9. spell
10. route
11. tip
12. available
a. impressive
b. not deep
c. not consider
d. piece of advice
e. of the countryside, not urban
f. something unclear and indistinct
g. force too much
h. period of time
i. way planned to get from place to place
j. that can be used
QUESTION 2
According to the passage decide whether the following statements are right
(R) or wrong (W). Tick the right box (10 points).
Right Wrong
1. When you travel by train, you have the oppor-
tunityto see unknown places of the country. � �
2. Rail travel is particularly tiring. � �
3. According to the author, it’s a good idea to see
many cities in a month. � �
4. You can have variety in your trip by relaxing on
the beach or in the countryside. � �
5. The author believes his travel tips are original
and unique. � �
QUESTION 3
Name two advantages of rail travel. Answer briefly in not more than 30
words (5 points).
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QUESTION 4
«The golden rule is not to try to cram too much into the time available».
Comment on the above sentence in not more than 50 words (10 points).
The following steps can help you:
• Explain the meaning of the sentence.
• Give an example.
• Say whether you agree or disagree with the statement and why.
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B. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURE (30%)
EXERCISE 1
Rewrite the following sentences using the verbs need, must, could, should,
may in place of the underlined expressions. Make any necessary changes
(5 points).
1. John was able to ride a bicycle when he was five years old.
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2. You ought to do your homework in time.
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3. It is forbidden to drive when you are drunk.
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4. It is possible that it will be cloudy tomorrow.
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5. It’s not necessary for you to help me with my homework.
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EXERCISE 2
a) Underline the correct form of the verb (active or passive) in the sentences
that follow (2,5 points).
1. The thieves were entered/entered the house through the bathroom window.
2. A house has been robbed/robbed tonight.
3. Water is frozen/freezes at zero degrees C.
4. Steam produces/is produced when water boils.
5. The homework will correct/will be corrected next week.
b) Complete the sentences using the Passive Voice (5 points).
1. Everyone knows he is a journalist.
He ………………………………………………………….
2. She helped her daughter complete her homework.
Her daughter ………………………………………………………….
3. They report that the burglar is in prison.
The burglar ………………………………………………………….
4. We had persuaded him to give the money back.
He ………………………………………………………….
5. The neighbours saw the thief leave the shop at 11 o’clock.
The thief ………………………………………………………….
EXERCISE 3
Join the following sentences into one using the relative pronouns who,
which, that, whose (5 points).
1. Mr Smith ordered an advanced technology computer. He is the production
manager of the company.
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2. Hydrocarbons are called pollutants. They seriously add to the air pollution.
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3. The machine is out of operation.It has a malfunction.
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4. Show me your students. Their projects were prized.…………………………………………………………………………
5. I’ve got a friend. His sister is a designer.…………………………………………………………………………
EXERCISE 4a) Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in
parenthesis (2,5 points).1. If you …….. (improve) your grades, I …….. (give) you the money I
promised.2. What …….. (you do) if you were the Prime Minister of your country?3. If the operators had not made so many mistakes, the accident …….. (not
occur).4. If I …….. (not drink) so much last night, I would not have had this awful
headache.
b) Make third Conditional sentences out of the following situations(10 points).
1. She came on time. She didn’t miss the train.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Many children were illiterate at my parents’ time. The Ministry of Educationdidn’t open new schools.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. She didn’t see the road sign. She didn’t go straight to the village.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. He didn’t study medicine. He did not become a surgeon.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. He drank very much last night. He crashed the car.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
C. WRITING (40%)
Write an article of 120-150 words about an attractive region of your
country (40 points).
The following steps can help you:
• set the scene (name and location)
• give details of the place (what the landscape is like, what the buildings are
like, historical information, other special features).
• make comments, express your feelings or thoughts about the place (think
about why the place is attractive or interesting)
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A. READING COMPREHENSION (30%)
WHOSE FINGER IS ON THE BUTTON IN YOUR HOUSE?
Deciding what to watch on TV is a battle of wills that is fought in homes all
over the world. According to psychologists, it is much more serious than simply
deciding between a soap opera and a sports programme, or between pop music
and politics. This television conflict is part of a bigger power game which goes
on in homes, even though most of the players are unaware that they are playing
a game at all. The game is called, Who’s boss?
«Family power struggles are fascinating», says Dr Lewis. «Of course, some
people are more dominant than others and the most dominant personality in a
family tries to lead. These days, even though so many couples make a conscious
effort to have a true and equal partnership, men generally have a greater need to
appear to be in physical control. Women, on the other hand, are not as interested
in physical control as in emotional control. On the whole, they’re more
manipulative and can make the man think something was his idea in the first
place».
So, next time you’ve got your finger on the button, think about the power
game you’re playing.
by Simon Haines and Barbara Stewart, 1994
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
Match the words of the first column with the appropriate explanation of the
second column. There are two extra words (5 points).
A B
1. wills
2. soap opera
3. conflict
4. power
5. unaware
6. boss
7. fascinating
8. dominant
9. conscious
10. partnership
11. manipulative
12. emotional
a. not knowing, ignorant
b. person who controls, manager
c. knowing what is going on
d. having a strong influence
e. acting together for a common purpose
f. fight, struggle
g. sentimental drama of daily life
h. causing or showing strong feelings
i. handling with skill
j. strong desires
QUESTION 2
According to the passage decide whether the following statements are right
(R) or wrong (W). Tick the right box (5 points).
Right Wrong
1. Psychologists believe that the selection of a TV
programme is associated with family relations. � �
2. Most family members realise they participate in
a power game. � �
3. According to the text, couples nowadays don’t
seem to care about togetherness and cooperation � �
4. Women wish to impose themselves physically. � �
5. In general, women can cleverly impose what
they want. � �
QUESTION 3
Comment on the title of the text «Whose finger is on the button in your
house?» in a paragraph of not more than 50 words (10 points).
You can use the following cues:
• Refer to the power game «Who’s boss».
• Explain different kinds of behaviour according to personality.
• Give examples to justify your answer.
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QUESTION 4
From your experience, what TV programmes do boys and girls prefer and why?
Answer briefly in not more than 35 words (10 points).
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B. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURE (30%)
EXERCISE 1
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (10 points)
1. Beethoven ______ (write) nine symphonies.
2. Our family ______ (own) these paintings for 50 years.
3. He always ______ (wear) that strange pair of glasses.
4. «Who ______ just (make) that terrible noise?» the teacher asked.
5. By the time you tidy your room, I ______ (finish) the rest of the housework.
6. When the police broke down the door, one of the robbers ______ (put) the
money into suitcases.
7. Andy ______ (fail) all his exams since his parents divorced.
8. They used to ______ (live) in a tiny flat in the centre of the town.
9. If he ______ (not be) your friend, I could have cursed him.
10. They ______ (wait) on the platform for twenty minutes.
EXERCISE 2
Turn the following sentences into Indirect Speech (5 points)
1. Peter said to me, «I’ll refuse her offer».
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2. Steven said, «I’m going to do it next week».
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3. Mary says, «I earn a lot of money».
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4. They said, «We are going to bring this puppy home».
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5. She said to me, «I saw him three weeks ago».
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EXERCISE 3
Rephrase the following sentences starting with the words given (5 points).
1. They rarely come when invited.
Rarely ……………………………………………
2. I seldom eat ice-cream
Seldom……………………………………………
3. We haven’t seen each other since 1994.
Not since ……………………………………………
4. They have never been to China before.
Never ……………………………………………
5. He was so ill, that he couldn’t leave his bed.
So ……………………………………………
EXERCISE 4
Rephrase the following sentences starting with the words given (5 points).
1. In spite of her headache, she went to work.
Although……………………………………………………..
2. Even though I work hard, I don’t earn a lot of money.
Despite ……………………………………………………..
3. The Smiths have a big country house, but they don’t have a dog.
In spite ……………………………………………………..
4. Although she is overweight, she is very pretty
In spite……………………………………………………..
5. They continued the match in spite of the snow.
Although ……………………………………………………..
C. WRITING (40%)
You have carried out a survey of the people’s attitudes towards job and
employment using a questionnaire. Present the results/ findings of the survey
in 120-150 words (40 points).
You can use the following plan:
• introduction: state the purpose and content of your survey.
• main body: present the information collected on the topic according to the
answers of the target group
• final paragraph: general assessment, conclusion
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A. READING COMPREHENSION (30%)
HUMAN ENVIRONMENTWe inhabit a divided world; on the one hand, the rich are critical of our
continuing poverty - on the other, they warn us against their own methods. We
do not wish to impoverish the environment any further and yet we cannot for a
moment forget the grim poverty of large numbers of people. Are not poverty
and need the greatest polluters? For instance, unless we are in a position to
provide employment and purchasing power for the daily necessities of the tribal
people and those who live in or around jungles, we cannot prevent them from
combing the forest for food and livelihood, from poaching and from despoiling
the vegetation. When they themselves feel deprived, how can we urge the
preservation of animals? How can we speak to those who live in villages and in
slums about keeping the oceans, the rivers and the air clean when their own lives
are contaminated at the source? The environment cannot be improved in
conditions of poverty. Nor can poverty be eradicated without the use of science
and technology.
Indira Gandhi
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
a) Tick the right option (2 points).
In your opinion, «Human Environment» is
the script of an informal conversation �
an extract from an official speech �
a sociology lesson for students �
b) Match the words of the first column with the appropriate explanation of
the second column. There are two extra words (5 points).
A B
1. despoil
2. unless
3. grim
4. slums
5. deprived
6. vegetation
7. eradicate
8. purchase
9. contaminate
10. comb
11. poach
12. impoverish
a. very serious
b. with no food, housing or health care
c. destroy completely
d. pollute
e. hunt or fish illegally
f. make poorer
g. rob a place of something valuable
h. plants and trees
i. if not
j. badly-built and overcrowded area
QUESTION 2
According to the text where and how do the tribal people live? Answer briefly
in not more than 30 words (3 points).
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QUESTION 3
According to the text name three ways showing how the underprivileged
destroy the environment. In what sense can you justify this behaviour and
these actions of the poor? (10 points)
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QUESTION 4
In your opinion is it possible to persuade the poor to preserve and respect the
environment? Write a paragraph of not more than 50 words (10 points).
You can use the following cues:
• State your opinion (positive or negative) clearly.
• Justify your answer by giving examples.
• Comment on the sentence: “Technology and science can put an end to
poverty.”
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B. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURE (30%)
EXERCISE 1Make sentences with the following phrases including the correctpreposition (6 points).
eg. 1. He was delighted with the tasteful meal ...................................................2. She was worried .....................................................................................3. She was always kind ..............................................................................4. He was rude ...........................................................................................5. He was fed up ........................................................................................6. We were shocked ...................................................................................7. She wasn’t satisfied ................................................................................8. He is afraid..............................................................................................9. She was ashamed ....................................................................................
10. We are proud ..........................................................................................11. I can’t pay. I’m short...............................................................................12. Your dress is similar ...............................................................................
EXERCISE 2
Complete the conditional sentences with the correct form of the verbs in
brackets (6 points).
1. If I ______ (have) enough money, I ______ (retire) tomorrow.
2. Unless you ______ (tell) the truth, you ______ (go) to prison.
3. Imagine what it ______ (be like) if people ______ (live) on the moon.
4. If we ______ (be) lucky, we ______ (may win) the pools, but we didn’t.
5. He ______ (crash) the car, if he ______ (be) drunk.
6. If people ______ (not stop) polluting the sea, they ______ (kill) everything
that lives in it.
EXERCISE 3
Rewrite the following sentences in the passive omitting the words in
parenthesis (8 points).
1. (Everyone) knows this fact very well...........................................................................................................................
2. (They) opened the theatre only last month...........................................................................................................................
3. (People) will soon forget it...........................................................................................................................
4. (Someone) has taken two of my books...........................................................................................................................
5. (You) must write the answers in ink...........................................................................................................................
6. Did (they) say anything interesting?..........................................................................................................................
7. Has (someone) made all the necessary arrangements?..........................................................................................................................
8. (They) are manufacturing a new type of car in Japan...........................................................................................................................
EXERCISE 4
Rephrase the following sentences without changing their meaning. Start
with the words given (10 points).
1. I’ve never met such a lazy boy.
He’s the ……………………………………………………..
2. They deliberately spread terror among the poor villagers.
Terror ……………………………………………………..
3. They were quite amused by the man’s stories.
The man’s stories ……………………………………………………..
4. The car wasn’t fast enough to win the race.
The car was ……………………………………………………..
5. Kate was responsible for the disaster.
It was Kate ……………………………………………………..
6. It wasn’t necessary for me to buy eggs.
I didn’t ……………………………………………………..
7. Perhaps the weather will be better tomorrow.
The weather ……………………………………………………..
8. Schoolchildren are obliged to do what they’re told.
Schoolchildren..……………………………………………………..
9. «Don’t swim out too far», the mother said to the child.
The mother……………………………………………………..
10. Give me the bag and I’ll carry it for you.
If …………………………………………………….
C. WRITING (40%)
Your school has decided to issue a newspaper. You are a member of the
organising committee. Write a report of 120-150 words presenting your
suggestions to the other members of the committee (40 points).
You can refer to the following:
• name of the paper, date of the first issue, lay out etc.
• some practical problems: the way the paper can be produced photocopied,
displayed on the wall etc.
• content of the paper: for example, news related to school life etc.
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
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