administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis … · gaufrTxileblobiT); 4. arsebobs mizezobrivi...

Tbilisis ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis saxelmwifo universitetis iuridiuli fakultetis

magistrantis lika kobalaZis

samagistro naSromi

administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis samarTalwarmoeba, maTi ganxilvis procesualuri Taviseburebani xelmZRvaneli: paata turava

Tbilisi 2011

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sarCevi:

Sesavali ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Tavi I. administraciuli samarTaldarRveva da administraciuli pasuxismgebloba ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6

1. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis arsi da roli samarTlis sistemaSi------ 6 2. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis cneba. pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebeli

da Semamsubuqebeli garemoebebi------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 3. administraciuli gadacdomisa da pasuxismgeblobis sisxlissamarTlebrivi

danaSaulisa da pasuxismgeblobisgan gamijvnis problematika----------------------- 12 Tavi II. administraciuli saxdeli da misi dadebis Taviseburebani-------------------- 15

1. administraciuli saxdelis miznebi da saxeebi------------------------------------------------ 15 2. administraciuli saxdelis Sefardeba------------------------------------------------------------- 21 3. SeniSvna, rogorc mcire mniSvnelovani samarTaldarRvevisas administraciuli

pasuxismgeblobisgan gaTavisuflebis SesaZlebloba---------------------------------------- 23 4. administraciuli patimroba, misi Sefardebis wesi------------------------------------------ 25

Tavi III. mniSvnelovani administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebi da maTi ganxilvis Taviseburebani------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28

1. sasamarTlos gansjadi administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebi----------- 29 2. sasamarTlo praqtikis mimoxilva--------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 3. faqtobriv garemoebaTa swori Sefaseba da qmedebis samarTaldarRvevad kvalificireba

- Cadenili samarTaldarRvevis danaSaulad Seracxvis problemis Tavidan acilebis gza---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------34

Tavi IV. samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze gamotanili dadgenileba, misi gasaCivreba------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 39

1. dadgenilebis struqtura--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39 2. dadgenilebis miRebisas gasaTvaliswinebeli ZiriTadi da 3. damatebiTi garemoebani------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 4. dadgenilebis gasaCivreba-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 5. dadgenilebis aRsrulebis problematika-------------------------------------------------------- 43

Tavi V. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis warmoeba sazRvargareTis qveynebis kanonmdeblobis mixedviT (SedarebiT-samarTlebrivi analizi)--------------------------- 45 daskvna----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 naSromSi gamoyenebuli abreviaturebis nusxa----------------------------------------------------- 53

bibliografia------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 54 dadastureba naSromis originalobis Sesaxeb -------------------------------------------- 56

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S e s a v a l i

`aravis ar SeiZleba Seefardos zemoqmedebis zoma administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis gamo, Tu ara kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil safuZvelze da wesiT”1 – es is sakiTxia, romelic administraciuli samarTaldarRvevaTa Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis fuZemdeblur debulebas warmoadgens. Tavad administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kanonmdebloba pirdapir kavSirSia administraciul samarTalTan da mis erT-erT ganxrad moiazreba, Tumca sruliad damoukidebeli sakanomdeblo regulacia gaaCnia da absoluturad gansxvavebul procesualur mowesrigebas gulisxmobs. aRniSnuli ki gamowveulia imiT, rom jerjerobiT arc qarTul iuridiul mecnierebaSi da arc praqtikuli iurisprudenciis wreebSi ar aris Camoyalibebuli saboloo, dasabuTebuli Tvalsazrisi misi raobis, samarTlis sitemaSi misi adgilisa da samarTlis sxvadasxva dargebTan mimarTebis Sesaxeb. amasTanave, xSirad iuridiul literaturaSi administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa samarTlis maregulirebel normebs e.w. `policiuri samarTlis” zogadi saxeliTa da SinaarsiT moixsenieben, rac Tavis mxriv sabWoTa wyobilebis gadmonaSTad unda miviCnioT, vinaidan administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa Sesaxeb kanonmdebloba aris socialisturi samarTalSemoqmedebis iseTi warmonaqmni, romlis msgavsi ar moipoveba arcerT sxva samarTlebriv sistemaSi, rogorc warsulis, ise Tanamedroveobis TvalsazrisiT. Mmocemul msjelobas amyarebs is faqtic, rom saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi miRebulia 1984 wels da miuxedavad imisa, rom masSi dRemde mravali cvlilebaa Sesuli, mainc ar aris rigi normebi Tanamedroveobas morgebuli, xSiria maT Soris kolizia, rac erTiorad aZnelebs erTgvarovani praqtikis Camoyalibebas samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis ganxilvisa da maTze gadawyvetilebis gamotanis TvalsazrisiT. TviT mecnieri iuristebic administraciuli samarTlis Sesaxeb Seqmnil saxelmZRvaneloebsa da monografiebSi mxolod zogadad Tu Seexebodnen xolme administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa sferosa da masTan dakavSirebul calkeul institutebs, rac kidev erTxel imis mauwyebelia, rom rTulia erTpirovnulad ganisazRvros samarTlis aRniSnuli dargis adgili qarTul (da ara marto) samarTlebriv sistemaSi. mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos, rom sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdgom administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kanonmdeblobam mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi ganicada, axleburad ganisazRvra misi reglamentacia, es ukanaskneli Seexo administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis sferos, rogorc administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis umniSvnelovanes instituts, romelic yoveldRiur da sistematiur samarTlebriv mowesrigebas saWiroebs, raTa umniSnelo samarTaldarRvevaze reagirebis ganuxorcieleblobam misi ufro mZime samarTaldarRvevaSi

1 saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, muxli 8.

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(xSir SemTxvevaSi ki – danaSaulSi) gadazrda ar gamoiwvios. cvlilebebma asaxva hpova aseve administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa Taobaze dadgenili saxdelebis kuTxiTac, romelTa gamoyenebis safuZvlebi jer kidev aqtualur problemas warmoadgens saqarTvelos samarTaldacviTi politikis gatarebaSi, vinaidan maTi swori gamoyeneba, samarTaldarRvevasTan da mis xasiaTTan Sesabamisobis dadgena, maTi Taviseburebebis axsna pasuxismgeblobis sworad dayenebisa da samarTaldarRvevaze adeqvaturi reagirebis safuZvelia. aqve aucilebelia xazi gaesvas im garemoebas, rom administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis warmoeba, mis nebismier stadiaze, gulisxmobs samarTaldarRvevis faqtis arsebobas, pasuxismgeblobis dadgenasa da saxdelis sworad Sefardebas, romelic aRsrulebadi unda iyos. gamarTlebulia mosazreba imis Taobaze, rom yoveli saxdelis gamoyenebisas aucilebelia ori momentis gaTaviseba: saxdelis dakisrebis (materialuri normis Sefardebis) momentisa da Sefardebuli saxdelis aRsrulebis momentis. aRniSnuli moqmedebebi procesis msvlelobisas ganyenebulia erTmaneTisagan, Tumca realurad erT mizans emsaxureba – saxdelis gamoyenebis Taviseburebas asaxavs.2 `Sefardebuli saxdeli unda iyos realuri, praqtikulad gamarTlebuli, rogorc mocemuli konkretuli SemTxvevisa da pirovnebis mimarT, ise misi praqtikuli aRsrulebis TvalsazrisiT. aRsrulebis wesi ki bevrad gansazRvravs dakisrebuli saxdelis farglebs, mis saboloo Sedegebs. Tu saxdelis zoma konkretuli pirovnebis mimarT SeiZleba asarCevi iyos, misi aRsrulebis wesi yvela SemTxvevaSi yoveli saxis saxdelis mimarT zustia da Seucvleli. saxdelis aRsrulebis administraciul-procesualuri normebi yoveTvis stabiluri da ucvleli normebia... amitom, administraciuli saxdelebis aRsrulebis samarTlebrivi reglamentacia administraciul-samarTlebrivi normebis Sefardebis aucilebeli komponentia.”3 Sesabamisad, administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis sasamarTlo warmoebis stadiaze yvelaze yuradsaRebi swored CamoTvlili materialur-samarTlebrivi institutebis analizi da maTi dasabuTebulobaa. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis ganxilvisa da gadawyvetis yvelaze didi roli Tanamedrove samarTlis sistemaSi mdgomareobs imaSi, rom gaimijnos samarTaldarRveva da danaSauli, raTa ar moxdes maTi aRreva da umniSvlelo xasiaTis samarTaldarRvevaze ar iqnes SemoRebuli sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba. aRniSnuli xels uwyobs saxelmwfos `damsjelobiTi” politikis depenalizacias da amaRlebs sazogadoebis ndobis faqtors humanuri saxelmwifosadmi. bunebrivia, rom administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli

2 `administraciuli saxdelebi da maTi gamoyeneba”, maka salxinaSvili, valeri loria, Tbilisi, 2000, gv. 10. 3 `administraciuli saxdelebi da maTi gamoyeneba”, maka salxinaSvili, valeri loria, Tbilisi, 2000, gv. 11.

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samarTaldarRvevisTvis pasuxismgebloba dgeba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu es darRveva Tavisi xasiaTiT ar iwvevs sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobas. Tu sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis Sesabamisad, raime qmedeba miCneulia danaSaulad, maSin am qmedebis CadenisaTvis pirs Seefardeba ara administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis zoma, aramed – sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli Sesabamisi sasjeli. Tu administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmis ganxilvis dros misi ganmxilveli organo (Tanamdebobis piri) daadgens, rom qmedeba Seicavs danaSaulis niSnebs, maSin igi valdeulia, Sewyvitos warmoeba da saqme gansaxilvelad gadasces prokurors an Sesabamis sagamoZiebo organos. zemoTaRniSnuli msjelobebidan gamomdinare, mocemul naSromSi ganxiluli iqneba administracul samarTaldarRvevaTa calkeuli institutebi, administraciuli pasuxismgeblobisa da sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis gamijvnis da urTierTkveTis problematika, administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis warmoebisa da ganxilvis procesualuri Taviseburebani, maTi ganxilvis stadiebi da ganxilvaze uflebamosili organoebi (aRniSnulTan mimarTebiT aucileblad unda gamoiyos yvelaze gavrcelebuli da mniSvnelovani samarTaldarRvevebi, romelTa ganxilvac mxolod sasamarTlo warmoebis gziT xdeba. aseTebs ki miekuTvneba saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 45-e4, 166-e5, 173-e6, 1971-e7 muxlebiT dadgenili gadacdomebi). gansaxilveli Temis farglebSi aseve aqtualuria am kategoriis saqmeebis qvemdebarobisa da administraciuli patimrobis Sefardebis sakiTxi. yvela am zemoT mocemuli sakiTxis SeZlebisdagavarad dawvrilebiT ganxilviT Sevecade, naTlad warmomeCina administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis warmoebisa da ganxilvis procesualuri Taviseburebani, maT Taobaze arsebuli problematuri sakiTxebis gadaWris gzebi da mniSvneloba Tanamedrove iuridiul mecnierebaSi.

4 saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, მუხლი 45.

`ნარკოტიკული საშუალების მცირე ოდენობით უკანონოდ შეძენა ან შენახვა გასაღების

მიზნის გარეშე, ანდა ნარკოტიკული საშუალების მოხმარება ექიმის დანიშნულების

გარეშე” 5 saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, მუხლი 166.

`წვრილმანი ხულიგნობა” (17.07.2009 N 1505) 6 saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, მუხლი 173.

`სამართალდამცავ ორგანოთა მუშაკების ან სამხედრო moსამსახურეების კანონიერი

განკარგულებისადმი ან მოთხოვნისადმი დაუმორჩილებლობა” (17.07.2009 N1505) 7 saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, მუხლი 1971.

`სავალდებულო სამხედრო სამსახურში გამწვევ კომისიაში გამოუცხადებლობა სამხედრო

ვალდებულების მოხდისაგან თავის არიდების მიზნით”

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Tavi I. administraciuli samarTaldarRveva da administraciuli pasuxismgebloba; samarTaldarRveva fizikuri an iuridiuli piris marTlsawinaaRmdego qcevis Sedegia. marTlsawinaaRmdego qcevebs iuridiul literaturaSi ramdenime jgufad hyofen, imisda mixedviT, Tu ramdenad saSiS sazogadoebriv xasiaTs atareben isini. aRniSnul jgufebSi Sedis: sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli, administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebi, disciplinuri saxis gadacdomebi, samoqalaqo samarTlebrivi (deliqturi) darRvevebi da sxvadasxva wvrilmani marTlsawinaaRmdego qmedebebi. nebismieri zemoTaRwerili saxis samarTladrRveva iwveves iuridiul pasuxismgeblobas, rac gulisxmobs samarTladamrRvevis mimarT saxelmwifos mxridan saTanado sanqciis gamoyenebas. Yyvela samarTlebrivi da demokratiuli saxelmwifos upirvelesi movaleobac swored samarTaldarRvevebis winaaRmdeg efeqtur da humanur brZolasa da maT SeZlebisdagvarad aRkveTaSi gamoixateba. iuridiuli pasuxismgebloba samarTaldamrRvevis mimarT misTvis araxelsayreli da arasasurveli sxvadasxva saxis iZulebiTi xasiaTis RonisZiebebis gamoyenebas gulisxmobs, romlebic Sesabamis aqtebSi saxelmwifos mier aris dadgenili. saxelmwifoSi samarTaldarRvevis iuridiuli pasuxismgeblobis daweseba miznad isaxavs damrRvev pirTa dasjas, maT mier miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebas, SemdgomSi samarTlis normaTa Seusruleblobis Tavidan acilebas (prevencias) da marTlwesrigis da kanonierebis dacva-ganmtkicebas.8 mimovixiloT administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisa da pasuxismgedblobis damkvidrebuli mniSvneloba da roli iuridiul mecnierebasa da praqtikaSi. 1. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis arsi da misi roli samarTlis sistemaSi administraciul samarTaldarRvevad (gadacdomad) CaiTvleba saxelmwifo an sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, sakuTrebis, moqalaqeTa uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis, mmarTvelobis dadgenili wesis xelmyofi marTlsawinaaRmdego, braleuli (ganzraxi an gaufrTxileblobiTi) moqmedeba an umoqmedoba, romlisTvisac kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebulia administraciuli pasuxismgebloba. Aam definiciidan gamomdinare, administraciuli samarTaldarRveva Cadenilad iTvleba, Tuki erTdroulad arsebobs ramodenime piroba: 1. saxezea kanoniT gaTvalisiwnebuli qmedeba (moqmedeba an umoqmedoba), romlisTvisac kanoni adgens administraciul pasuxismgeblobas; 2. qmedeba aris marTlsawinaaRmdego; 3. Qqmedebis Cadena moxda braleulad (ganzrax an

8 ix. Gg. inwkirveli, saxelmwifosa da samarTlis Teoria, Tbilisi, 2000, gv. 111-112.

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gaufrTxileblobiT); 4. arsebobs mizezobrivi kavSiri qmedebasa da damdgar Sedegs Soris. administraciuli gadacdomisTvis damaxasiaTebel niSnebs da misi iuridiuli bunebis arss Seicavs saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis proeqtis me-3 muxlis meore nawilic, romlis mixedviTac: `administraciul samarTadarRvevad (gadacdomad) CaiTvleba fizikuri an iuridiuli piris marTlsawinaaRmdego, braleuli (ganzraxi an gaufrTxileblobiTi) qmedeba (moqmedeba an umoqmedoba), romlisTvisac saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT dadgenilia administraciuli pasuxismgebloba. Aadministraciuli samarTaldarRvevis cnebis aRniSnuli legaluri definicia mis oTx ZiriTad elements gamokevTs: marTlwinaaRmdegobas, braleulobas, qmedebas da administraciul pasuxismgeblobas. Tavisi SinaarsiT, definiciidan gamomdinare, administraciuli gadacdomebi umniSvnelo darRvevebia, romelTa gamosworeba da Tavidan acileba TiTqmis yovelTvis SesaZlebelia, Tumca administraciuli gadacdomebi marTlsawinaaRmdego xasiaTs atarebs da xSrad sazogadoebrivad saSiSi bunebiTac xasiaTdeba, rasac ganapirobebs rigi subieqturi Tu obieqturi garemoebebi, misi arsisTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebis mWidro kavSiri (darRvevis ganzrax Cadena, qmedebis mZime Sedegi da a.S.). yvela am garemoebis erTobliobiT da siRrmiseuli kvleviT xdeba qmedebis gadacdomad kvalifikacia, misi sazogadoebisTvis saSiSi xasiaTis gansazRvra, samarTaldarRvevis arseboba-ararasebobis dadgena. amasTan, unda aRiniSnos, rom yuradsaRebia administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis cnebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi elementi – darRvevisTvis gaTvaliswinebuli (kanoniT dadgenili) administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis arseboba. aRniSnuli elementi yvelaze xelsayrelia qmedebis samarTaldarRvevad kvalifikaciis kuTxiT, vinaidan ar arsebobs administraciuli gadacdoma, Tu misi CadenisTvis ar aris gansazRvruli administraciuli pasuxismgebloba da - piriqiT. 2. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis cneba. pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebeli da Semamsubuqebeli garemoebebi administraciuli pasuxismgebloba SeiZleba daekisros da administraciuli saxdeli Seefardos mxolod administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Camden pirs. iuridiul mecnierebaSi damkvidrebuli SexedulebiT, zogadad, administraciul pasuxismgeblobas axasiaTebs iuridiuli pasuxismgeblobis yvela niSani: warmoadgens marTlwesrigis dacvis erT-erT saSualebas, gulisxmobs saxelmwifo iZulebis RonisZiebebis gamoyenebas, dgeba samarTlis normebis darRvevisTvis da samarTlis normaTa safuZvelze, warmoadgens braleuli qmedebis Sedegs, gulisxmobs samarTlis normebiT gaTavliswinebuli sanqciebis gamoyenebas, misi reliazacia xorcieldeba Sesabamisi procesualuri

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formebiT. amasTan, `administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis zomebis gamoyenebisas aucilebelia Semdegi sami safuZveli: I. normatiuli – unda arsebobdes administraciul-samarTlebrivi norma, romelic iqneba imperatiuli xasiaTis da daadgens valdebulebas, xolo Semdeg – garkveul sanqcias; II. Ffaqtobrivi – subieqtma unda Caidinos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedeba (samarTaldarRveva); III. procesualuri – subieqts administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis CadenisTvis Sesabamisi norma unda Seefardos. aRsaniSnavia aseve, rom es safuZvlebi erTmaneTis miyolebiT unda warmoiSvas~.9 administraciuli pasuxsimgeblobis dakisrebisTvis unda arsebobdes kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedeba (moqmedeba an umoqmedoba), romlisTvisac kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulia administraciuli pasuxismgebloba. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi administraculi pasuxismgeblobis pirisaTvis dakisrebas iTvliswinebs mxolod am piris mier administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis CadenisTvis. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebisTvis aseve aucilebelia, rom Cadenili qmedeba iyos marTlsawinaaRmdego, anu am qmedebiT unda xdebodes saxelmwifo da sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, sakuTrebis, moqalaqeTa uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis, mmarTvelobis dadgenili wesis xelyofa. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis SefardebisTvis mniSvnelovania piris moqmedebis braleulad miCneva, piris qmedebis ganzrax an gaufrTxileblobiT Cadenilad kvalifikacia. administraciuli samarTaldarRveva ganzrax Cadenilad iTvleba, Tuki mis Camdens Segnebuli hqonda qmedebis marTlsawinaaRmdego xasiaTi, iTvaliswinebda mis mavne Sedegebs da surda isini, an Segnebulad uSvebda maT. gaufrTxileblobiT Cadenilia iseTi administraciuli samarTaldarRvva, rodesac samarTaldamrRvevi iTvaliswinebda Tavisi moqmedebisa Tu umoqmedobis mavne Sedegis dadgomis albaTobas, magram gulgrilad varaudobda misi Tavidan acilebis SesaZleblobas an ar iTvaliswinebda aRniSnuls, Tumca evaleboda gaTvaliswineba. Mmizezobrivi kavSiris arseboba piris qmedebasa da damdgar Sedegs Soris aseev erT-erTi mniSvnelovani elementia administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebisTvis, anu qmedeba unda warmoadgendes Sedegis dadgomis pirdapir da uSualo mizezs. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis SefardebisaTvis erT-erT aucilebel pirobas warmoadgens samarTaldamrRvevis asaki. administraciuli pasuxismgebloba ekisrebaT mxolod samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis momentisaTvis 16 wlis asaks miRweul pirebs. Tu pirs administraciuli samarTldarRvevis Cadenis momentisaTvis an mis Semdeg ar Sesrulebia 16 weli, mas ar SeiZleba daekisros administraciuli pasuxismgebloba. garda aRniSnulisa, aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac piri Cadis administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebul qmedebas, magram misi

9 Mmaka salxinaSvili, administraciuli samarTaldarRveva da pasuxismgebloba, Jurnali `marTlmsajuleba da kanoni~, #2’08, gv. 125

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qmedeba kanonis Sesabamisad ar miiCneva marTlsawinaaRmdegod da igi Tavisufldeba administraciuli pasuxismgeblobisagan. msgavs SemTxvevebTan saqme gvaqvs, rodesac piri administraciul samarTaldarRvevas sCadis ukiduresi aucileblobis, aucilebeli mogeriebis an Seuracxaobis dros. administraciuli pasuxismgebloba ar ekisreba pirs, romelmac marTalia Caidina samarTaldarRveva, magram igi moqmedebda ukidusi aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, anu im safrTxis asacdenad, romelic emuqreboda saxelmwifo an sazogadoebriv wesrigs, sakuTrebas, moqalaqeTa uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs, mmarTvelobis dadgenil wesebs, Tu mocemul garemoebebSi ar SeiZleboda am safrTxis acdena sxva saSualebebiT da Tu miyenebuli ziani ufro naklebad mniSvnelovania, vidre acdenili ziani. gamomdinare aqedan, ukiduresi aucilebloba saxezea, Tu: piri moqmedebs realuri safrTxis Tavidan asacdenad, miuxedavad imisa, es safrTxe mas emuqreboda, Tu sxvaTa kanoniT dacul interesebs; Tu mosalodneli safrTxis acdena SeuZlebeli iyo sxva saSualebiT da Tu miyenebuli ziani naklebad mniSvnelovania, vidre acdenili ziani. aucilebeli mogerieba aseve gamoiricxeba aucilebeli mogeriebis mdgomareobaSi, kerZod – administraciuli pasuxismgebloba ar ekisreba pirs, romelmac Tumca Caidina administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT an administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebisaTvis administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis damdgeni sxva normatiuli aqtebiT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedeba, magram igi moqmedebda aucilebeli mogeriebis farglebSi, anu saxelmwifo an sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, sakuTrebis, moqalaqeTa uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis, mmarTvelobis dadgenili wesis marTlsawinaaRmdego xelyofisTvis zianis miyenebis gziT da Tu amasTan, gadacilebuli ar iyo aucilebeli mogeriebis farglebi. Sesabamisad, aucilebeli mogeriebis dros piri sxva pirTa xelyofisagan icavs Tavisi an sxvaTa kanoniT dacul interess da am dros xelmyofs ayenebs zians ise, rom gadacilebuli ar aris aucilebeli mogeriebis farglebi. xelmyofisgan daculi sikeTe da xelmyofisagan miyenebuli ziani proporciuli unda iyos, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, es iqneba aucilebeli mogeriebis farglebs gadacileba. amasTan, sxva pirisgan mosalodneli xelyofa anu zianis miyenebis safrTxe realuri unda iyos da ara moCvenebiTi. administraciuli pasuxismgebloba gamiricxeba maSinac, rodesac piri moqmedebda Seuracxad mdgomareobaSi, kerZod, administraciuli pasuxismgebloba ar daekisreba pirs, romelic kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebis Cadenis an umoqmedibis dros imyofeboda Seuracxad mdgomareobaSi, anu ar SeeZlo angariSi gaewia Tavisi moqmedebisaTvis an exelmZRvanela am moqmedebisTvis qronikuli sulieri daavadebis, sulieri mdgomareobis droebiTi moSlilobis, Wkuasustobis an sxva sulieri avadmyofobis gamo. sainteresoa administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis dakirebis sakiTxi ucxoelebis da ucxo qveynis moqalaqeebis mimarT. saqarTvelos teritoriaze myof ucxoel moqalaqeebsa da moqalaqeobis armqone pirebs administraciuli pasuxismgebloba daekisrebaT saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa Tanabrad, saerTo safuZvelze, Tu administraciul

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samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT sxva ram ar aris dadgenili. amdenad, administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi saqarTvelos moqalaqesa da moqalaqeobis armqone pirs ekisreba Tanabari pasuxismgebloba. rac Seexeba saqarTvelos teritoriaze im ucxoeli moqalaqis mier Cadenili administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisaTvis pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxs, romelic saqarTvelos kanonebisa da saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebisa da SeTanxmebebis Tanaxmad imunitetiT sargeblobs saqarTvelos administraciuli iurisdiqciis mimarT, aRniSnuli nebismier SemTxvevaSi wydeba diplomatiuri gziT. administraciuli samarTadarRvevis Cadenisas pasuximgeblobis dakisrebisa da saxdelis SefardebisTvis aucileblad unda moxdes im garemoebaTa gaTvaliswineba da Sefaseba, romlebic pasuxismgeblobis Semamsubuqebel da damamZimebel garemoebebs warmoadgens. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisTvis pasuxismgeblobis Semamsubuqebel garemoebebad miCneulia: 1. braleulis gulwrfeli monanieba; 2. braleulis mier samarTaldarRvevis mavne Sedegis aRkveTa, zaralis nebayoflobiT anazRaureba an miyenebuli zianis gamosworeba; 3. samarTaldarRvevis Cadena Zlieri sulieri aRelvebis mdgomareobaSi an piradi Tu ojaxuri garemoebebis damTxvevis gamo; 4. samarTaldarRvevis Cadena arasrulwlovanis mier; 5. samarTaldarRvevis Cadena orsuli qalis an erT wlamde asakis bavSvis dedis mier; 6. kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul sxva SemTxvevebSi. mocemuli garemoebebi ar aris amomwuravi da maTi CamonaTvali SeiZleba gaizardos, rac damokidebulia kanonmdeblis Sefasebasa da konkretul SemTxvevebze. gansxvavebiT Semamsubuqebeli garemoebebisagan, administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisTvis pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebeli garemoebebi mkacradaa konkretizebuli da gansazRvruli. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis mixedviT10, administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisTvis pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebel garemoebebad dadgenilia: 1. marTlsawinaaRmdego qcevis gangrZoba misi Sewyvetis Sesaxeb saamisod uflebamosili piris moTxovnis miuxedavad; 2. erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi erTgvarovani saxeobis samarTRaldarRvevis Cadena, romlisTvisac pirs ukve daedo administraciuli saxdeli; 3. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadena winaT danaSaulis Camdeni piris mier; 4. arasrulwlovanis Cabma samarTaldarRvevaSi; 5. samarTaldarRvevis Cadena pirTa jgufis mier; 6. samarTaldarRvevis Cadena stiqiuri ubedurebis pirobebSi an sxva sagangebo mdgomareobis dros; 7. samarTaldarRvevis Cadena nasvam mdgomareobaSi.

10 saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, muxli 35

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iuridiul literaturaSi damkvidrebuli SexedulebiT,11 administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebisas mxolod qmedebis damamZimebeli da Semamsubuqebeli garemoebebis gaTvaliswineba ar kmara, aucilebelia aseve, rom mxedvelobaSi iqnes miRebuli iseTi sxva garemoebebi, rogoricaa Cadenili samarTaldarRvevis xasiaTi, damrRvevis pirovneba, misi braleulobis xarisxi, qonebrivi mdgomareoba. marTalia aRniSnuli garemoebebi kanoniT pirdapir araa dadgenili, Tumca maTi gaTvaliswineba da Sefaseba samarTaldarRvevis CadenisTvis pasuxismgeblobis dadgenisa da saxdelis SefardebisaTvis mniSvnelovan aspeqts warmoadgens. zemoTCamoTvlili garemoebebis Sinaarsis Seswavlisas dgindeba, rom Cadenili samarTaldarRvevis xasiaTSi igulisxmeba calkeuli saxis samarTaldarRvevebi, romelTaganac zogierTi mniSvnelovan darRvevas da mniSvnelovani zianis mimyenebel gadacdomas warmoadgens, zogierTi ki sazogadoebisaTvis naklebad saSiSi bunebiT xasiaTdeba. rac Seexeba samarTaldamrRvevis pirovnebas, mocemuli garemoebis qveS igulisxmeba kanonis winaSe Tanasworobis principi, romlis mixedviTac saxdelis Sefardebisas mxedvelobaSi ar unda iqnes miRebuli pirovnebis Tanamdeboba, qonebrivi mdgomareoba, socialuri Tu politikuri kuTvnileba, warmoSoba da a.S. Tumca pirovnebis damsaxureba, Rirseba, dadebiTi daxasiaTeba da sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo miRwevebi da msgavsi dadebiTi aspeqtebi SesaZloa saxdelis Sefardebisas gaTvaliswinebul iqnes da yuradReba mieqces, Tumca kanonis farglebSi. braleulobis xarisxis qveS iuridiul literaturaSi samarTaldarRvevis Cadenas ganzrax an gaufrTxileblobiT moiazreben, xolo qonebrivi mdgomareobis gaTvaliswineba mniSvnelovania im kuTxiT, rom zogierTi samarTaldarRvevis CadenisTvis gaTvaliswinebulia saxdelad jarima, romlis odenobis gansazRvrisTvis (Tu amis saSualebas kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs) mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli samarTaldamrRvevis materialuri mdgomareoba da Semosavali. aRniSnuli garemoebebis gaTvaliswineba mniSvnelovania rogorc erTgvarovani sasamarTlo praqtikis CamoyalibebisaTvis, aseve samarTliani samarTalwarmoebisaTvis, Sesabamisi saxdelis Sefardebis, humanuri da saTanado kanonis gamoyenebis, samarTaldarRvevis faqtis arsebobis dadgenis, pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebis da saxdelis dadebis kompleqsuri da urTierTgamomdinare proceduris Sefasebisa da Sejerebis TvalsazrisiT.

11 Sead. v. loria, saqarTvelos administraciuli samarTali, Tbilisis universitetis gamomcemloba, Tbilisi, 1995, gv. 266-267.

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3. administraciuli gadacdomisa da pasuxismgeblobis sisxlissamarTlebrivi danaSaulisa da pasuxismgeblobisgan gamijvnis problematika. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, administraciuli pasuxismgebloba gansxvavdeba yvela sxva saxis pasuxismgeblobisagan, maT Soris – mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba sisxlis samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobisagan. administraciuli pasuxismgebloba, rogorc pasuxismgeblobis SedarebiT msubuqi forma, ar iwvevs nasamarTlobas da sxva mZime Sedegebs, rogorc es sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobisa da sasjelis Sefardebis dros xdeba. miuxedavad amisa, praqtikasa Tu iuridiul mecnierebaSi mainc mwvaved dgas administraciuli gadacdomisa da pasuxismgeblobis sisxlissamarTlebrivi danaSaulisa da pasuxismgeblobisagan gamijvnis problematika. aRniSnuli ganpirobebulia imiT, rom zogierT SemTxvevaSi administraciuli gadacdomisa da danaSaulis kanoniT dadgenili niSnebi imdenad hgavs erTmaneTs, rom samarTalSemfardeblisaTvis xSirad rTuli xdeba qmedebis swori kvalifikacia. Tanamedrove sisxlisa da administraciuli samarTlis mecnierebaSi danaSaulisa da gadacdomis gamijvnis ZiriTad kriteriumad miCneulia samarTldarRvevis sazogadoebrivad saSiSi xasiaTi. yoveli samarTlebrivi darRveva mimarTulia konkretuli sazogadoebrivi urTierTobis winaaRmdeg, da met-naklebi xarisxiT sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis Semcvelia, aseve mimarTulia marTlwesrigis darRvevisaken da swored amiT gamoixateba samarTaldarRvevis arsi – administraciul gadacdomas samarTaldarRvevisagan swored sazogadoebrivad saSiSi xasiaTi mijnavs. es niSani udevs safuZvlad samarTaldarRvevebis dayofas sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulad Tu administraciul samarTalarRvevad da maT sistematizacias saTanado sakanonmdeblo aqtebSi. Tavad sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis xasiaTi `ganisazRvreba im sazogadoebrivi urTierTobebis mniSvnelobiT, rac xelyofilia samarTaldarRveviT, anu samarTaldarRvevis obieqtiT, xolo sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis xarisxis gansazRvrisas ki mxedvelobaSi miiReba sxvadasxva faqtorebi, rogoricaa samarTaldarRveviT gamowveuli Sedegis simZime, SesaZlebeli zianis moculoba, samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis dro, adgili, viTareba da sxv. Sesabamisad, rac ufro didia xelyofis obieqtis sazogadoebrivi Rirebuleba, SesaZlo miyenebuli zianis moculoba, miT ufro SesaZlebelia dasabuTdes qmedebis mometebuli sazogadoebrivi saSiSroeba da - piriqiT.”12 rogorc profesori maka salxinaSvili miuTiTebs13, `administraciuli gadacdomis danaSaulisgan gamijvnis garkvevisas

12 qeTevan cxadaZe, administraciuli gadacdoma da misi gamijvna sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulisagan, Jurnali marTlmsajuleba, 2008, #2, gv. 125. 13 ix. maka salxinaSvili, administraciuli samarTaldarRveva da pasuximgebloba, Jurnali marTlmsajuleba da kanoni, #2’08, gv. 126-127.

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iuristebi ramdenime jgufad iyofian. avtorTa erTi jgufi mTlianad uaryofs gansxvavebis damokidebulebas qmedebis sazogadoebrivad saSiS xasiaTze, maTi SexedulebiT, danaSauli sazogadoebrivad yovelTvis saSiSia, xolo administraciuli gadacdoma am niSans saerTod moklebulia. avtorTa meore jgufi Tvlis, rom sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis niSani axasiaTebs yovelgvar samarTaldarRvevas, magram met-naklebi xarisxiT da Sesabamisad, administraciuli gadacdoma naklebi saSiSroebis Semcvelia, vidre danaSauli. iurist-mecnierTa mesame jgufis mosazrebiT ki, vinaidan zogi administraciuli gadacdoma sazogadoebrivad saSiSia, zogi ki – ara, Sesabamisad, sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis niSani gadacdomisaTvis aucilebel damaxasiaTebel niSans ar warmoadgens.” amave naSromSi mocemulia administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis yvela sxva saxis (maT Soris, sisxlissamarTlebrivi) pasuxismgeblobisagan ganmsaxvavebeli niSnebi: 1. `administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis safuZvelia administraciuli samarTaldarRveva; 2. vinaidan administraciuli gadacdoma naklebad saSiSia, vidre danaSauli, amdenad, administraciuli saxdelebi ufro msubuqi formisaa, vidre sisxlissamarTlebrivi sasjelebi; 3. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisTvis pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebis uflebamosileba aqvs, rogorc sasamarTloebs, aseve – administraciul organoebs; 4. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis dakisreba xdeba individualur subieqtebsa da iuridiul pirebze; 5. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeTa warmoeba xorcieldeba mxolod misTvis damaxasiaTebeli operatiulobiT, gansxvavebiT sisxlis, samoqalaqo da disciplinuri saqmeebis ganxilvisagan; 6. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis normatiul safuZvels qmnian mxolod administraciuli samarTlis normebi.” gansxvavebuli midgomaa administraciuli gadacdomisa da sisxlissamarTlebrivi danaSaulis gamijvnis problematikis Sesaxeb sazRvargareTis qveynebis kanonmdeblobiT. profesor maka salxinaSvilis ganmartebiT14, safrangeTis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi danaSaulTa klasifikacias axdens sazogadoebisaTvis miyenebuli zianis xarisxis Sesabamisad, rac gansazRvravs qmedebis iuridiul arss. safrangeTis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 111.1 muxlis Tanaxmad, sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli iyofa danaSaulad, gadacdomad da darRvevad, saidanac dgindeba, rom danaSauli dakavSirebulia bralis formsaTan – anu yvela danaSauli ganzrax qmedebad miiCneva, xolo gadacdoma – gaufrTxileblobiT an daudevrobiT Cadenil qmedebad, darRvevis dros ki bralis formas mniSvneloba ar eniWeba. germanul iuridiul literaturaSi erT-erT Zireul sakiTxs swored aRniSnuli problemis kvleva warmoadgens. rogorc qeTevan

14 Sead. maka salxinaSvili, administraciuli samarTaldarRveva da pasuximgebloba, Jurnali marTlmsajuleba da kanoni, #2’08, gv. 128.

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cxadaZe miuTiTebs,15 administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisa da sisxlis samarTlebrivi danaSaulis erTmaneTisagan gamijvnis Sesaxeb yvelaze cnobili Teoria germanul iuridiul mecnierebaSi ekuTvnis germanel mecniers – d. goldSmidts. aRniSnuli Teoriis mixedviT dasabuTebulia, rom arsebobs damoukidebeli saxis kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedeba, romelic Tavisi samarTlebrivi bunebiT gansxvavdeba sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulisagan, am Teoriis mixedviT, administraciuli gadacdoma (farTo gagebiT) miCnulia sisxlis samarTlis nawilad, viwro gagebiT ki – administraciuli samarTlis institutad. SemdgomSi aRniSnuli Teoriis mimdevrebis mier dadasturebul iqna, rom administraciuli samarTaldarRveva formaluri xasiaTiT sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobas miekuTvneba, xolo materialuri TvalsazrisiT – administraciuls, misi mmarTvelobiTi interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT). ufro mogvianebiT, qeTevan cxadaZis ganmartebiT,16 germaniaSi miRebul iqna (1952w.) kanoni `administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis Sesaxeb”, romelmac sabolod ganamtkica sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulisgan administraciuli gadacdomis gansxvaveba. aRniSnulma kanonma administraciuli gadacdomisTvis pasuxismgeblobis zomad jarima daadgina da gansazRvra gansxvavebuli saxis saqmis warmoebis wesebi da procedura. rac Seexeba saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqss, igi winamdebare problemis gamijvnis TvalsazrisiT, eyrdnoba gadacdomis obieqtur kriteriums. amis magaliTad SeiZleba moviyvanoT saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 166-e muxlis (wvrilmani xulignoba) da saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 239-e muxlis (xulignoba) definiciebi. administraciul gadacdomad miiCneva wvrilmani xulignoba, romelic arRvevs sazogadoebriv wesrigs, moqalaqeTa simSvides, xolo sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulad, xulignobad, miCneulia igive qmedeba, Cadenili ZaladobiT an Zaladobis muqariT. Sesabamisad, am or muxls Soris gamijvnis kriteriums warmoadgens sazogadoebrivi wesrigis uxeSi darRveva. am kuTxiT aseve mniSvnelovania sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 276-e muxli (transportis moZraobis usafrTxoebis an eqsploataciis wesis darRveva) da administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 119-e muxli (satransporto saSualebebis eqsploataciis wesebis darRveva), romelTa definiciidan gamomdinare, gamijvnis kriteriumi miyenebuli zianis xarisxiTaa gansazRvruli. Tuki samarTaldarRvevad miCneulia satransporto saSualebis, tvirTis, gzis, sagzao da sxva nagebobis, qonebis an adamianis sxeulis msubuqi dazianeba, sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulad kvalificirdeba igive qmedeba, romelmac Sedegad gacilebiT seriozuli ziani gamoiwvia. gamomdinare zemoTaRniSnulidan, SesaZloa davaskvnaT, rom administraciuli gadacdomebi umniSvnelo xasiaTis samarTaldarRvevebia sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulTan SedarebiT,

15 qeTevan cxadaZe, administraciuli gadacdoma da misi gamijvna sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulisagan, Jurnali marTlmsajuleba, 2008, #2, gv. 127-129. 16 ix. iqve

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maTi Tavidan acileba da gamosworeba did Zalisxmevas ar saWiroebs, Tumca isini mainc marTlsawinaaRmdego qmedebebia, radgan miuRebeli da sazianoa sazogadoebisaTvis, mmarTvelobis organoebisa da saxelmwifosaTvis. Tumca aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac administraciuli samarTaldarRveva ganmeorebiTaa Cadenili erTi da imave piris mier, aqvs sistematuri xasiaTi, iZens sazogadoebisaTvis saSiSroebis niSans da gadaizrdeba danaSaulSi, risTvisac dgeba sisxlis samarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba. swored amitomaa aucilebeli qmedebis garemoebebis, subieqturi da obieqturi Semadgenlobis sworad gamokvleva da zusti Sefaseba, raTa ar moxdes samarTaldarRvevisa da danaSaulis aRreva da mZime sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis Semcveli qmedebis gadacdomad dakvalificireba. Tavi II. administraciuli saxdeli da misi dadebis Taviseburebani administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis umniSvnelovanes elements warmoadgens administraciuli saxdelebis sistemis Camoyalibeba da maTi gamoyenebis swori da koordinirebuli meqanizmis Seqmna. administraciuli saxdelebi dResdReobiT saqarTveloSi prevenciul xasiaTs atarebs da humanurobis niSniT xasiaTdeba. moqmedi kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, dauSvebelia umniSvnelo samarTaldarRvevisTvis piris mkacri dasja, vinaidan yvela saxis saxdeli unda iyos darRvevis adeqvaturi da unda emsaxurebodes gadacdomaTa Cadenis Semcirebas; dauSvebelia agreTve iseTi saxdelis da iZulebis zomis gamoyeneba, romelic arRvevs an ewinaaRmdegeba adamianis sayovelTaod aRiarebul uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs. administraciuli saxdelebisa da maTi gamoyenebis gansazRvras didi mniSvneloba gaaCnia rogorc Teoriul, aseve praqtikul doneze, vinaidan administraciuli saxdelebis sistemis Camoyalibebis gareSe SeuZlebeli gaxdeba administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis sworad gamoyeneba. dResdReobiT saqarTveloSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, arsebuli saxdelebis mravalferovneba saSualebas gvaZlevs, rom sworad iqnes Sefardebuli yoveli materialuri norma samarTaldarRvevebis nairsaxeobis Sesabamisad. ganvixiloT administraciuli saxdelis cneba, saxeebi da miznebi:

1. administraciuli saxdelis miznebi da saxeebi saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 23-e muxlis Tanaxmad: `administraciuli saxdeli warmoadgens pasuxismgeblobis zomas da gamoiyeneba administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Camdenis aRsazrdelad kanonebis dacvis, saerTo cxovrebis wesebis pativiscemis suliskveTebiT, agreTve rogorc TviT samarTaldamrRvevis, ise sxva pirTa mier axali samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis acilebis mizniT. aRniSnul gansazRvrebaSi mniSvnelovania ori ZiriTadi aspeqti – saxdelis pasuxismgeblobis zomad warmodgenis da

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saxdelis SefardebiT samarTaldamrRvevis dasjisa da axali samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis Tavidan acilebis mizani. garda mocemuli ganmartebidan gamomdinare miznisa, iuridiul mecnierebasa da praqtikaSi damkvidrebuli SexedulebiT, nebismieri iZulebis zomis, sasjelisa Tu administraciuli saxdelis mizania zogadi da kerZo prevenciis gatareba, saidanac meti yuradReba kerZo prevenciis mizans eniWeba, ramdenadac, gadacdomis mcire mniSvnelobis darRvevad miCnevis gamo, damrRvevis mimarT gatarebuli zemoqmedebis RonisZieba farTo sazogadoebisaTvis umetes SemTxvevaSi ucnobi da uintereso Temaa. iuridiul literaturaSi aseve damkvidrebuli mosazrebiT, administraciuli saxdelis ZiriTadi daniSnuleba da mizani aris samarTaldamrRvevis gamosworeba da mis mier administraciuli gadacdomis momavalSi aRkveTis uzrunvelyofa. aqve mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos, rom saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis proeqtis mixedviT, `administraciuli saxdelis mizania, administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Camdeni piri ganimsWvalos marTlwesrigis dacvisa da kanonis winaSe pasuxismgeblobis grZnobiT, aseve Tavidan iqnes acilebuli axali administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadena da uzrunvelyofil iqnes sajaro wesrigi”.17 zemoTaRniSnul ganmartebaSi, vfiqrob, zustad aris Camoyalibebuli administraciuli saxdelis miznebi da daniSnuleba da miuxedavad imisa, rom samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis proeqtSi Tavad administraciuli saxdelis cneba ar aris gawerili, mocemuli gansazRvreba da saxdelis miznebi, mimaCnia, rom gamokveTs saxdelis cnebis da arsis elementebs. rac Seexeba Tavad saxdelis saxeebs, saqarTveloSi dResdReobiT moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT18, maTi CamonaTvali Semdegnairia:

gafrTxileba;

jarima;

im sagnis sasyidliT CamorTmeva, romelic administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis iaraRs, uSualo obieqts an sabaJo wesebis darRvevis sagans, saqonlis transportirebisa da miwodebis saSualebas warmoadgenda (rekvizicia);

im sagnis konfiskacia, romelic administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis iaraRs, uSualo obieqts an sabaJo wesebis darRvevis sagans, saqonlis transportirebisa da miwodebis saSualebas warmoadgenda (konfiskacia);

moqalaqisaTvis miniWebuli specialuri uflebis (satransporto saSualebis marTvis uflebis) CamorTmeva;

gamasworebeli samuSaoebi;

administraciuli patimroba;

ucxoelis gaZeveba saqarTvelos farglebidan. zogadad mimovixiloT TiToeuli maTgani:

17 ix. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis proeqti, muxli 15 18 ix. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, muxli 24

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gafrTxileba – saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 26-e muxlis Tanaxmad, gafrTxileba aris administraciuli saxdelis zoma. gafrTxileba erT-erTi ZiriTadi administraciuli saxdelia. igi gamoixateba administraciuli gadacdomis Camden pirze moralur zemoqmedebaSi. igi Seicavs mkacri miTiTebisa da ganmartebis elementebs, rom momavalSi adgili aRar hqondes msgavsi qmedebis Cadenas. aRsaniSnavia, rom gafrTxileba administraciul saxdelad iTvleba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu igi werilobiTi formiTaa gamotanili, an fiqsirebulia sxva saSualebiT. zepiri saxis gafrTxileba ar iwvevs administraciul pasuxismgeblobas da ar iTvleba administraciul saxdelad. misi, rogorc saxdelis, iuridiuli mniSvneloba gamoixateba imaSi, rom igi gadacdomis Camdeni piris mier administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis ganmeorebiT Cadenis SemTxvevaSi warmoadgens administraciuli saxdelis ufro mkacri RonisZiebis Sefardebis safuZvels. garda amisa, gafrTxileba praqtikaSi xSirad gamoiyeneba darRvevis Semamsubuqebeli garemoebis arsebobis drosac, rodesac damrRvevis pirovnebas ar Seesabameba mkacri xasiaTis saxdeli da rodesac damrRvevis aRzrda-gamosworeba mizanSewonilia gafrTxilebis gamoyenebis gziT. mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos, rom gafrTxileba, rogorc saxdelis saxe, SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul iqnes ara mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac samarTlis normiT aRniSnuli pirdapiraa gaTvaliswinebuli, aramed maSinac, roca samarTlis norma mis gamoyenebas alternatiulad iTvaliswinebs da maSinac, rodesac normiT gafrTxilebis gamoyeneba pirdapir miTiTebuli ar aris, magram samarTaldamrRvevis pirovnebisa da darRvevis xasiaTis SeswavliT misi gamoyeneba saxdelis SemfardeblisaTvis mizanSewonilad miiCneva. amas ganapirobebs is garemoeba, rom saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis mixedviT, saxdelis Sefardebisas mxedvelobaSi miiReba Cadenili samarTaldarRvevis xasiaTi, damrRvevis pirovneba, bralis xasiaTi, damrRvevis qonebrivi mdgomareoba, pasuxismgeblobis Semamsubuqebeli da damamZimebeli garemoebebi da CamoTvlili aspeqtebis gaTvaliswineba saxdelis SemfardeblisaTvis imperatiul moTxovnas warmoadgens. jarima - jarima yvelaze gavrcelebuli administraciuli saxdelia. igi gamoiyeneba, rogorc ZiriTadi administraciuli saxdeli da Tavisi SinaarsiT gulisxmobs erTjeradi fuladi xasiaTis saxdels, romlis odenobac moqalaqeebisa da Tanamdebobis pirebisaTvis ar SeiZleba iyos Sromis anazRaurebis minimaluri odenobis erT mesamedze naklebi.19 administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis zogierTi muxli Seicavs jarimis zustad gansazRvrul odenobas, magram umetes muxlebSi aRniSnuli dadgenili ar aris da jarimis odenoba ganisazRvreba yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi. vinaidan jarima fuladi gadasaxadia da igi

19 saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, 25-27 mm.

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ar warmoadgens zianis anazRaurebas, aseve ar iwvevs nasamarTlobas, Tumca dakavSirebulia fuladi da qonebrivi saxis uaryofiT SedegebTan, aucilebelia misi dakisrebisa da odenobis gansazRvris dros gaTvaliswinebul iqnas darRvevis simZime, Sedegi, damrRvevis qonebrivi da materialuri mdgomareoba, socialuri kuTvnileba da a.S, raTa moxdes jarimis odenobis gadacdomis simZimesTan SesabamisobaSi moyvana da adeqvaturi Sefardeba. aRsaniSnavia, rom administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis proeqtis mixedviT, jarimis Tanxa yvela konkretuli samarTaldarRvevisaTvis zustad aris dadgenili da gansazRvruli, rac, vfiqrob, praqtkuli TvalsazrisiT ufro gamarTlebuli da mosaxerxebelia, Tumca, ar exmianeba sazRvargareTis qveynebSi ukve damkvidrebul da aprobirebul samarTlebriv praqtikas20, magram miuxedavad amisa, saqarTvelos magaliTze, mimaCnia, rom gamoyenebadi, aRqmadi da sazogadoebisaTvis martivad misaRebi da gasagebi formaa. rekvizacia da konfiskacia – rekvizicia da konfiskacia administraciuli saxdelebia, romlebic SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul iqnas rogorc ZiriTadi, aseve – damatebiTi saxdelis saxiT. rekvizicia mdgomareobs rekviziciis sagnis samarTaldamrRvevisaTvis mis iZulebiT CamorTmevasa da Semdgom realizaciaSi, ris Semdegac navaWri Tanxa unda gadaeces yofil mesakuTres, realizaciis xarjebis gamoklebiT. Tumca saerTo wesidan rekviziciisa da konfiskaciis dros, orive SemTxvevaSi, arsebobs gamonaklisebic, magaliTad: dauSvebelia sanadiro Tofisa da sabrZolo masalis im pirisaTvis CamorTmeva, romlisTvisac nadiroba arsebobisa da Semosavlis ZiriTad wyaros warmoadgens. im sagnis konfiskacia, romelic administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis iaraRs, uSualo obieqts an sabaJo wesebis darRvevis sagans, saqonlis transportirebisa da miwodebis saSualebas warmoadgenda, mdgomareobs am sagnis saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi usasyidlod, iZulebiT gadacemaSi. dadgenilia, rom konfiskacias eqvemdebareba mxolod samarTaldamrRvevis sakuTrebaSi arsebuli nivTebi, Tumca profesor v. lorias ganmartebiT21, `rodesac kanonmdebeli konfiskaciasa da rekvizicias gansazRvravs, miuTiTebs im nivTebis CamorTmevaze, romlebic administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis iaraRi an uSualo obieqti iyo, sxva sagnebis konfiskacia da rekvizicia administraciuli wesiT dauSvebelia. unda aRiniSnos, rom is nivTebi, romlebic administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis iaraRi an uSualo obieqtia, ar SeiZleba yovelTvis samarTaldamrRvevis pirad

20 kerZod – safrangeTSi, germaniaSi, holandiasa da aSS-Si jarimis maqsimaluri da minimaluri zRvari dawesebuli saerTod ar aris, jarimis Tanxa gamoiTvleba miyenebuli zianis, damrRvevis Semosavlis, xelfasis, ekonomikuri mdgomareobis mixedviT. amasTan, jarimis sxva saxdeliT Secvla, aRniSnuli qveynebis kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, dadgenili ar aris. 21 ix. v. loria, saqarTvelos administraciuli samarTali, Tbilisis universitetis gamomcemloba, Tbilisi, 1995, gv. 275-276.

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sakuTrebaSi iyos, mag: administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis Tanaxmad, konfiskacias eqvemdebareba kontrabandistuli nivTebi, romlebic warmoadgenen ra samarTaldarRvevis sagans, ar imyofebian damrRvevis pirad sakuTrebaSi, vinaidan kontrabandistuli nivTebi ukanonod SeZenili nivTebia, romlis gasaRebasac cdilobs damrRvevi sazRvargareT”. moqalaqisaTvis miniWebuli specialuri uflebis (satransporto

saSualebis marTvis uflebis) CamorTmeva – saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 30-e muxlis Tanaxmad, pirs specialuri ufleba (satransporto saSualebaTa marTvis ufleba) CamoerTmeva 3 wlamde vadiT am uflebiT sargeblobis wesis uxeSi an sistematuri darRvevisaTvis. specialuri uflebiT sargeblobis wesis uxeSi darRveva gulisxmobs qmedebis mZime Sedegs, an misi dadgomis SesaZleblobas, xolo sistematuri darRveva qmedebis ganmeorebiTobasa da mravaljeradobas niSnavs da aqtualuria imisda miuxedavad, gamoiwvia Tu ara ramodenimejer Cadenilma erTi da imave saxis samarTaldarRvevam mZime Sedegi. dadgenilia, rom specialuri uflebis CamorTmevis vada ar unda iyos 15 dReze naklebi. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 30-e muxlis II punqtiT ki gaTvaliswinebulia, rom satransporto saSualebaTa marTvis ufleba ar SeiZleba CamoerTvaT im pirebs, romlebic am uflebiT sargebloben invalidobis gamo. aRniSnuli debulebidanac arsebobs gamonaklisi, kerZod – Tuki normiT gaTvaliswinebuli subieqti satransporto saSualebas marTavs ganzrax arafxizel mdgomareobaSi da amiT safrTxes uqmins rogorc sakuTar, aseve sxvaTa sicocxlesa da janmrTelobas, maSin igi Camocilebul unda iqnas satrasporto saSualebis marTvas da CamoerTvas miniWebuli ufleba sazogadod dadgenili wesis Sesabamisad. gamasworebeli samuSaoebi - aRniSnuli administraciuli saxdeli gamoiyeneba eqvs Tvemde vadiT da samarTaldarRvevis Camdenma igi unda moixados mudmiv samuSao adgilze. samarTaldamrRvevs miTiTebuli saxdelis Sefardebis Sedegad saxelmwifos sasargeblod xelfasidan daeqviTeba Tanxa xelfasis odenobis 20%-mde. gamasworebeli samuSaos Sefardebis vada ar SeiZleba iyos 15 dReze naklebi, Tu kanoniT sxva ram ar aris dadgenili da misi Sefardebis ufleba aqvs mxolod sasamarTlos. administraciuli patimroba – administraciuli patimroba gamoiyeneba mxolod gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi, calkeul saxeobaTa samxedro samsaxuris wesis darRvevisa da administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisTvis 90 dRemde vadiT. administraciuli patimrobis Sefardebaze uflebamosili erTaderTi organo (Tanamdebobis piri) aris sasamarTlo. administraciuli patimrobis arsisa da misi Sefardebis Taviseburebebze ufro vrclad qvemoT gveqneba saubari.

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ucxoelis gaZeveba saqarTvelos farglebidan – saqarTvelos administraciul samarTadarRvevaTa kodeqsis 24-e muxlis Tanaxmad, administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisaTvis saqarTvelos farglebidan gaZeveba mdgomareobs im ucxoeli moqalaqis an saqarTveloSi droebiT myofi moqalaqeobis armqone piris saqarTvelos farglebis iZulebiT datovebaSi, romlebic uxeSad arRveven marTlwesrigs. amave kodeqsis 185-e muxlis Sesabamisad, samarTaldarRvevas Seadgens saqarTveloSi mcxovreb ucxoelTa registraciisaTvis dadgenili wesebis darRveviT cxovreba. kerZod, cxovrebis uflebis dokumentis gareSe saqarTvelos farglebSi yofna, cxovreba Zaladakarguli dokumentebiT, registraciis an mimosvlis, sacxovrebeli adgilis amorCevis dadgenili wesebis daucveloba, saqarTveloSi yofnis gansazRvruli vadis gasvlis Semdeg gamgzavrebisaTvis Tavis arideba da a.S. ucxo qveynis moqalaqis gaZeveba saqarTvelos teritoriidan ukiduresi RonisZiebaa da gamowveulia mis mier samarTaldarRvevis sistematurad CadeniT. saxelmwifo aseT SemTxvevaSi iZulebuli xdeba, mimarTos iseT zomas, rogoricaa saxelmwifos interesebis xelmyofi moqalaqi gaZeveba, vinaidan ucxo saxelmwifos moqalaqes saqarTveloSi sargeblobs mfarvelobis uflebiT da saqarTvelos xelisufleba ar aris uflebamosili gaataros mis mimarT samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli aRmzrdelobiTi RonisZiebani, rasac Cveulebriv gamoiyenebda saqarTvelos moqalaqis mimarT. Sesabamisad, saxelmwifos erTaderT berketad msgavs SemTxvevaSi swored miTiTebuli saxdelis zoma rCeba. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad22, ucxoeli saqarTvelodan SeiZleba gaZevebul iqnes im SemTxvevaSi, Tu:

igi ukanonod Semovida saqarTveloSi;

aRar arsebobs saqarTveloSi misi Semdgomi yofnis samarTlebrivi safuZveli;

misi yofna ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifo uSiSroebis interesebs da sazogadoebrivi wesrigis dacvas;

misi gaZeveba aucilebelia saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa da saqarTveloSi kanonierad myofi sxva pirebis janmrTelobis, uflebebisa da kanonieri interesebis dacvisaTvis;

igi sistematurad arRvevs saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobas;

man saqarTveloSi Semosvlis an yofnis samarTlebrivi safuZveli moipova yalbi an Zalis armqone sabuTebis wardgeniT;

mas erTi an ramdenime ganzrax Cadenili danaSaulisTvis misjili aqvs erT welze meti vadiT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa sasjelis moxdis Semdeg. rogorc dadgenilia, gadawyvetilebas saqarTvelodan ucxoelis gaZevebis Sesaxeb iRebs saqarTvelos iusticiis saministro an sasamarTlo.

22 ix. saqarTvelos 2005 wlis 27 dekembris kanoni `ucxoelTa samarTlebrivi mdgomareobis Sesaxeb”, muxli 53.

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2. administraciuli saxdelis Sefardeba administraciuli saxdelebis bunebis Seswavlidan dgindeba, rom igi SeiZleba iyos ZiriTadi da damatebiTi. aseve, ZiriTadic da damatebiTic, mag: rekvizicia da konfiskacia, anu aRniSnuli saxdelebi pirs SeiZleba daedos rogorc damoukideblad, ise – sxva saxdelebTan erTad. ZiriTad administraciul saxdelebs ki miekuTvneba: gafrTxileba, jarima, specialuri uflebis CamorTmeva, gamasworebeli samuSaoebi da administraciuli patimroba. maTi Sefardeba sxva ZiriTad administraciul saxdelebTan erTad dauSvebelia. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi iTvaliswinebs administraciuli saxdelis Sefardebis wess: administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisaTvis saxdelis dadeba unda moxdes im normatiuli aqtiT dawesebul farglebSi, romelic iTvaliswinebs pasuxismgeblobas administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisaTvis. Sesabamisad, samarTaldamrRvev pirs unda Seefardos konkretulad is administraciuli saxdeli, amasTan, im farglebSi, rac gaTvaliswinebulia Sesabamisi samarTaldarRvevisaTvis administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis konkretuli muxliT. administraciuli saxdelis dadebisas, rogorc ukve araerTgzis aRiniSna, mxedvelobaSi miiReba Cadenili samarTaldarRvevis xasiaTi, damrRvevis pirovneba, bralis xarisxi, qonebrivi mdgomareoba, pasuxismgeblobis Semamsubuqebeli da damamZimebeli garemoebani. Tu pirma Caidina ori an meti administraciuli samarTaldarRveva, maSin mas administraciuli saxdeli daedeba TiToeuli samarTaldarRvevisaTvis cal-calke, magram im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Cadenilia ramodenime samarTaldarRveva da aRniSnul saqmeebs ixilavs erTi da igive organo (Tanamdebobis piri), pirs saxdeli daedeba im sanqciis farglebSi, romelic dawesebulia ufro mZime darRvevisaTvis. magaliTad, Tuki pirma Caidina administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 166-e da 173-e muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedebebi, romelTaganac pirveli (166-e muxli) iTvaliswinebs jarimas 100 laris odenobiT, xolo meore (173-e muxli) – 400 laris odenobiT, damrRvevs saxdelad jarima 400 laris odenobiT, vinaidan aseT SemTxvevebSi, ori an meti erTi da imave organos (Tanamdebobis piris) gansaxilvelad qvemdebare samarTaldarRvevis Cadenisas, saxdelebi ki ar ikribeba, aramed samarTaldamrRvevs saxdeli daedeba ufro seriozuli sanqciis farglebSi, anu ufro mZime saxdeli STanTqavs SedarebiT msubuq saxdels. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac pasuxismgeblobis damdgeni muxliT konkretuli samarTRaldarRvevisaTvis gaTvaliswinebulia damatebiTi saxdelic, romelic pirs SeiZleba daedos ZiriTad saxdelTan erTad, Tumca aRniSnuli imperatiul moTxovnas ar warmoadgens da saxdelis Semfardeblis Sinagan rwmenasa da samarTlebriv Sefasebazea damokidebuli. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom administraciuli saxdelis Sekreba an erTi saxdelis meore saxdeliT STanTqma dauSvebelia, Tu darRvevisaTvis pirma moixada sisxlis

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samarTlis sasjeli, aseT dros igi Tavisufldeba amave darRvevisaTis administraciuli saxdelisagan. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Camdenma pirma pasuxi unda agos samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis drosa da adgilas moqmedi kanonmdeblobis safuZvelze. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis mimarT administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebisa da saxdelis Sefardebis dros gamoyenebul unda iqnes is kanoni, romelic moqmedebda samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis dros da adgilas. xSirad praqtikaSi vxvdebiT SemTxvevebs, rodesac gadacdomis Cadenis Semdgom xdeba administraciuli saxdelis Semsubuqeba, gauqmeba an gamkacreba, aseve - konkretuli qmedebisaTvis administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis zomis SemoReba. aseT dros kanons, romelic awesebs qmedebisaTvis Semamsubuqebel an gamauqmebel garemoebebs, aqvs ukuqceviTi Zala, anu vrceldeba kanonis amoqmedebamde Cadenil gadacomebze. pasuxismgeblobis damdgen da gamamkacrebel aqtebs ukuqceviTi Zala ar aqvs. aRniSnuli sakiTxi aucileblad unda iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli saxdelis Sefardebisas. rac Seexeba administraciuli saxdelis Sefardebis vadebs, administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis mixedviT dadgenilia, rom saxdelis Sefardebis zogadi vada aris ori Tve, anu samarTaldamrRvevs administraciuli saxdeli SeiZleba daedos araugvianes ori Tvisa samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis dRidan, magram Tuki samarTaldarRveva denadia, maSin – samarTaldarRvevis gamovlenis dRidan araugvianes ori Tvisa. sxvagvaradaa gadawyvetili sakiTxi, rodesac piris mimarT wydeba sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna an gamoZieba da piris qmedebaSi gvxvdeba administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis niSnebi. aseT dros administraciuli saxdeli pirs SeiZleba daedos sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis an gamoZiebis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis gamotanidan araugvianes erTi Tvisa. saxdelis SefardebisaTvis dadgenili zogadi vadis gagrZeleba dauSvebelia, Tu mocemul vadaSi pirs ar Seefarda administraciuli saxdeli, maSin, saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 232-e muxlis me-7 nawilis safuZvelze, saqmeze warmoeba unda Sewydes. amasTan, mniSvnelovania is sakiTxic, Tu ra dros iTvleba piri administraciul saxdeldaudeblad. aseTi SemTxveva praqtikaSi oria: Tuki administraciul saxdelSefardebul pirs saxdelis moxdis dRidan erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi ar Caudenia axali administraciuli samarTaldarRveva da Tu pirs saxdelad Sefardebuli hqonda jarima da misi dakisrebis dRidan erTi wlis manZilze ar Caidens axal administraciul gadacdomas. zogadad, administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmis warmoebisas saxdelis dadebis ori gza arsebobs: administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmeze oqmis Seudgenlad da oqmis Sedgenis safuZvelze. oqmis Sedgenis gareSe saxdelis dadeba xdeba iseT SemTxvevebSi, rodesac samarTaldarRvevis arsebobis faqti TvalsaCinoa, rogorc damrRvevisTvis, ise Tanamdebobis pirisaTvis da aseT dros samarTaldamrRvevi Tanaxmaa gadaixados jarima oqmis

23

Sedgenis gareSe, vinaidan igi Tavs braleulad cnobs. Tumca, ZiriTadad, samarTaldarRvevis faqtis gamovlena da dadgena swored oqmis safuZvelze xdeba da es ufro mZafrad aisaxeba administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis samarTalwarmoebisas, rodesac sasamarTlos mier Sesafasebeli, gamosakvlevi da mxedvelobaSi misaRebi ZiriTadi dokumenti samarTaldarRvevis saqmeSi swored samarTaldarRvevis Taobaze Sedgenili oqmia. Sesabamisad, sasamarTloSi administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmis warmoebisas, aucilebelia, rom samarTaldarRvevis saqmis masalebSi moipovebodes administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis faqtis Taobaze Sedgenili oqmi, romlis Seswavlis Sedegadac mosamarTle uflebamosili iqneba Seufardos pirs Sesabamisi administraciuli saxdeli. gamomdinare zemoTaRniSnulidan, administraciuli saxdelis Sefardebaze uflebamosili pirebi arian, rogorc administraciuli organoebi (Tanamdebobis pirebi), aseve – kanoniT pirdapir dadgenil SemTxvevebSi – sasamarTlo23. ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi administraciuli oqmis Sedegnaze uflebamosili piri, oqmis Sedgenis Semdgom, valdebulia, samarTaldarRvevis oqmi dauyovnebliv gadaugzavnos sasamarTlos, ris Semdegac daiwyeba samarTaldarRvevis saqmis samarTalwarmoeba. aRniSnulis Taobaze naSromis Semdgom TavebSi gveqneba dawvrilebiTi saubari. 3. SeniSvna, rogorc mcire mniSvnelovani samarTaldarRvevisas administraciuli pasuxismgeblobisgan gaTavisuflebis SesaZlebloba sasamarTlo praqtikaSi, garda dadgenili da zemoTganxiluli saxdelebisa, xSirad gamoiyeneba saqarTvelos admonistraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 22-e muxliT dadgenili debuleba, romlis mixedviTac, im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom pirma Caidina mciremniSvnelovani administraciuli samarTaldarRveva, sasamarTlo pirs scnobs samarTaldamrRvevad, magram aTavisuflebs mas pasuxismgeblobisagan da ucxadebs mxolod sityvier SeniSvnas. gamomdinare aRniSnulidan, sasamarTlos (aseve - samarTaldarRvevis saqmis ganmxilvel sxva organosa da Tanamdebobis pirs) ufleba aqvs mciremniSvnelovani administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisTvis, saqmis garemoebebidan gamomdinare, damrRvevs ar Seufardos administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis zoma da misces mas sityvieri SeniSvna, rac unda dafiqsirdes sasamarTlos dadgenilebaSi. qmedebis mciremniSvnelovan administraciul samarTaldarRvevad Seracxvis ganmartebas saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kanonmdebloba ar Seicavs, aRniSnuli sasamarTlos mier dgindeba saqmis garemoebebis yovelmxrivi gamokvlevisa da samarTaldamrRvevis pirovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, mosamarTlis samarTlebrivi Sefasebisa da Sinagani

23 ix. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, muxli 208.

24

rwmenis safuZvelze. msgavs SemTxvevebSi sasamarTlo jer adgens samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis faqts, pirs cnobs samarTaldamrRvevad da mxolod amis Semdeg aTavisuflebs mas pasuxismgeblobisagan sityvieri SeniSvnis gamocxadebiT. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos statistikuri monacemebiT, administraciul saqmeTa kolegiis mier 2011 wlis agvistos mdgomareobiT, samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze warmoeba dasrulda SeniSvnis gamocxadebiT 150 SemTxvevaSi. ganvixiloT erT-erTi magaliTi: Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa kolegiis 2011 wlis 16 aprilis #4/2396-11 dadgenilebiT24, mosamarTlis mier piri cnobil iqna administraciul samarTaldamrRvevad, Tumca igi gaTavisuflda pasuxismgeblobisagan da gamoecxada sityvieri SeniSvna. sasamarTlos mier dadgenil iqna Semdegi garemoebebi: Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos administraciul kolegiaSi 2011 wlis 16 aprils saqarTvelos sapatrulo policiis departamentis q. Tbilisisa da mcxeTa-mTianeTis sapatrulo policiis mTavari sammarTvelodan Semovida administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis masalebi moqalaq niJaraZis mimarT administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 166-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedebis CadenisaTvis. saqmeze warmodgenili masalebiT, sasamarTlom gamoarkvia, rom 2011 wlis 15 aprils, q. TbiliSi, metrosadgur `vagzlis moedani~-s zeda vestibulSi, nasvam mdgomareobaSi myofi moqalaqe niJaraZe arRvevda sazogadoebriv wesrigs da sityvier Seuracxyofas ayenebda metrosadgur `vagzlis moedani~-s TanamSromels – kontroliors. administraciul samarTaldarRvevis oqmis Semdgeni - patrul-inspeqtori daeTanxma warmodgenil samarTaldarRvevis oqms da moiTxova warmodgenili pirovnebis mimarT kanoniTD dadgenili muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli sanqciis gamoyeneba, xolo sasamarTlo sxdomaze warmodgenilma moqalaqe niJaraZem aRiara samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis faqti. saqmis masalebis Seswavlis, mxareTa axsna-ganmartebebis mosmenis Sedegad sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom dadasturebulia moqalaqe niJaraZis mxridan saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 166-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis faqti, Sesabamisad, igi cnobil iqna administraciul samarTaldamrRvevad aRniSnuli muxliT, amasTan, sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom administraciul pasuxisgebaSi micemuli piri braleulia samarTaldarRvevis CadenaSi da eqvemdebareba administraciul pasuxismgeblobas administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 166-e muxliT, Tumca dadginda, rom saxeze iyo pasuxismgeblobis Semamsubuqebeli garemoeba - braleuli piris gulwrfeli monanieba. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlom gaiTvaliswina administraciul pasuxisgebaSi micemuli piris gulwrfel monanieba, misi pirovneba, ojaxur mdgomareoba da miiCnia, rom moqalaqe niJaraZis mimarT

24 ix. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlo, administraciul saqmeTa kolegia, saqme #4/2396-11.

25

gamoyenebul unda yofiliyo saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 22-e muxli - sityvieri SeniSvna. mocemuli magaliTis ganxilvisas ikveTeba, rom mosamarTlem SeniSvnis gamocxadebis safuZvlad miiCnia braleulis gulwrfeli monanieba, samarTaldarRvevis faqtis aRiareba da Tavad samarTaldarRvevis sazogadoebisaTvis saSiSroebis umniSvnelo xasiaTi, vinaidan mxolod msubuqi sityvieri Seuracxyofis miyeneba, pasuxismgeblobis Semamsubuqebeli garemoebis arsebobis mdgomareobaSi, samarTaldamrRvevis pirovnebisa da ojaxuri mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT, ar Seesabameboda sask-is 166-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedebisTvis dadgenil sanqcias da saxdelis dadebis SemTxvevaSi masTan udavod araadeqvaturi da Seusabamo iqneboda. 4. administraciuli patimroba, misi Sefardebis wesi. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, administraciuli patimroba dadgindeba da gamoiyeneba mxolod gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi, calkeul saxeobaTa samxedro samsaxuris wesis darRvevisa da administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisTvis 90 dRemde vadiT. administraciuli patimroba administraciul saxdelebs Soris yvelaze ufro mZime formaa da misi calke ganxilvac swored am niSniT iqna ganpirobebuli. administraciuli patimrobis gamoyeneba da Sefardeba mxolod sasamarTlos prerogativas warmoadgens da isic – mxolod zogierTi administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisTvis, romelic mZime xasiaTisaa da zians ayenebs saxelmwifosa da sazogadoebis usafrTxo da normirebul saqmianobas. aseT samarTaldarRvevebs miekuTvneba wvrilmani xulignoba, Sekrebisa da manifestaciis organizaciisa da Catarebis wesebis darRveva da sxva gadacdomebi. aRsaniSnavia, rom administraciuli patimroba nasamarTlobas da sxva mZime Sedegebs – maT Soris, Sromis staJis Sewyevats – ar iwvevs, magram igi mainc uaryofiTad aisaxeba samarTaldamrRvevis Semdgom sazogadoebriv saqmianobaze, Tundac im kuTxiT, rom administraciuli patimrobis mTeli vada Sromis staJSi ar iTvleba,25 aseve im kuTxiT, rom administraciul patimrobaSi yofnis periodSi samarTaldamrRvevs mudmiv samuSao adgilze xelfasi ar miecema, TumcaRa enaxeba samuSao adgili. administraciuli patimroba, zogadad, piris specialur adgilas iZulebiT moTavsebas gulisxmobs. administraciuli patimrobis dros aucilebelia, rom daculi iyos damrRvevis Sromis, sayofacxovrebo da sxva pirobebi, sxva kanonismieri uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, damrRvevi fizikuri samuSaoebis Sesrulebis Semdgom uzrunvelyofili unda iqnes saTanado dasvenebis SesaZleblobiT. administraciuli patimroba ar aris dakavSirebuli iseT SedegebTan,

25 ix. maka salxinaSvili, tariel WinWarauli – administraciuli saxdelebi, gamomcemloba `meridiani”, Tbilisi, 2010, gv. 43.

26

rogoric sisxlis samarTlis sasjels axlavs, radgan administraciul patimrobaSi myofi piri sargeblobs yvela konstituciuri uflebiT Tu TavisuflebiT, rac gamowveulia imiT, rom samarTaldamrRvevi am SemTxvevaSi umniSvnelo gadacdomisTvis ganicdis SezRudvas. swored aRniSnuli CamonaTvali ganasxvavebs administraciul patimrobas Tavisuflebis aRkveTisagan, Tumca igi mainc mZime xasiaTis saxdelad iTvleba Tavisi Sinaarsis da winapirobis - Cadenili samarTaldarRvevis sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis xarisxis gamo. zemoTaRniSnuli mizezebis gamo saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kanonmdebloba adgens im pirTa wres, romlebsac, saxdelis simZimisa da TavianTi mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT ar SeefardebaT administraciuli patimroba. aseTebs ki warmoadgenen: orsuli qalebi, dedebi, romelTac hyavT 12 wlamde asakis Svilebi, I da II xarisxis invalidebi da 18 wlis asaks miuRweveli pirebi (arasrulwlovnebi). rogorc ukve aRiniSna, administraciuli patimrobis Sefardebaze uflebamosili erTaderTi organo aris sasamarTlo. amasTan, mniSvnelovania, rom yvela administraciul organosa Tu Tanamdebobis pirs ar aqvs ufleba, wardginebiT mimarTos sasamarTlos administraciuli patimrobis Sefardebis Taobaze. umeteswilad, administraciuli patimrobis Sefardebis Taobaze sasamarTlos mimarTavs saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros Sesabamisi uflebamosili piri, Tumca zogierTi saxis samarTaldarRvevisas (samxedro mosamsaxuris mier samxedro samsaxuris wesis darRvevis dros) saqmes administraciuli patimrobis Sefardebis Sesaxeb sasamarTlo ganixilavs saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministros samxedro policiis departamentis Sesabamisi uflebamosilebis mqone piris wardginebiT. aucilebelia aRiniSnos, rom administraciul patimrobaSefardebuli piris Sesaxleba unda moxdes patimrobis moxdisaTvis specialurad gamoyofil sadReRamisod Caketili tipis sadgomSi, romlis Sinaganawesis dacva yvela patimrisaTvis savaldebuloa. patimari aseve valdebulia: Seasrulos dawesebulebis administraciis kanonieri moTxovnebi, daicvas saknisa da piradi santiarul-higienuri moTxovnebi, daasufTaos sakani rigiTobis wesiT da Seasrulos kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli sxva movaleobebi. garda movaleobebisa, patimari sargeblobs sayofacxovrebo da samedicino pirobebis uzrunvelyofis uflebiT (sufTa haerze seirnoba, kveba, piradi higienisaTvis aucilebebli nivTebis floba da sxv.), patimars agreTve gaaCnia SezRudvebic, kerZod, patimars ekrZaleba: iqonios, miiRos, SeiZinos, Seinaxos da gamoiyenos nivTebi da produqtebi, romelTa Senaxva da gamoyeneba akrZalulia im dawesebulebisTvis, sadac igi aris moTavsebuli; esaubros da gadasces nivTebi saknis gareT myof pirebs, sxva patimrebs an daukavSirdes maT kanonsawinaaRmdego saSualebiT; daazianos dawesebulebis qoneba; ixmauros, daarRvios simyudrove; ganaxorcielos kanoniT akrZaluli sxva qmedebebi. dawesebulebis Sinaganawesis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi

27

administraciul patimrobaSi myofi piris mimarT gatardeba Sesabamisi RonisZiebebi, daekisreba pasuxismgebloba da gamoecxadeba sayveduri, an moTavsdeba ganmartoebul sadgomSi (e.w. karcerSi) 10 dRemde vadiT. aqve aucileblad unda aRiniSnos, rom administraciuli patimrobis vada moicavs administraciuli dakavebis vadas, anu administraciuli patimrobis vada aiTvleba samarTaldamrRvevis administraciuli wesiT dakavebis momentidan. garda administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT dadgenili normebisa, administraciuli patimrobis gamoyeneba xdeba saqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproceso da sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesis safuZvelzec26, romelTa mixedviTac dawesebulia sasamarTloSi wesrigis damrRvevTa mimarT pasuxismgebloba jarimisa da administraciuli patimrobis saxiT. kerZod, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu piri sasamarTlos mimarT upativcemulobas gamoxatavs, mosamarTle mas daajarimebs, magram dajarimebuli piris mier qmedebis gangrZobis SemTxvevaSi, mosamarTle uflebamosilia gamoitanos gankarguleba am piris 30 dRe-Ramemde vadiT administraciuli wesiT dapatimrebis Sesaxeb. aqve sainteresoa, rom Tuki sasamarTlo daadgens, rom saxdelSefardebul pirs erTxel ukve hqonda Sefardebuli patimroba msgavsi qmedebis gamo, mosamarTle uflebamosilia, patimrobis vada gazardos 60 dRemde. aRniSnulis Taobaze gamotanili gankarguleba gamotanisTanave Sedis ZalaSi da misi gasaCivrebis vada aiTvleba adresatisTvis Cabarebidan 48 saaTis ganmavlobaSi. Tuki gadavxedavT sasamarTlos statistikas, Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos statistikuri monacemebiT, administraciuli patimroba administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis ganxilvisas 2011 wlis agvistos mdgomareobiT gamoyeneblia 584 SemTxvevaSi. rac Seexeba Tavad administraciuli patimrobis Sefardebis wess, aucilebelia dadgindes arsebobs Tu ara misi Sefardebis safuZvlebi. ganvixiloT magaliTi Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos praqtikidan:27 Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos administraciul kolegiaSi 2011 wlis 16 ivniss saqarTvelos sapatrulo policiis departamentis q. Tbilisisa da mcxeTa-mTianeTis sapatrulo policiis mTavari sammarTvelodan Semovida administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis masalebi moqalaqe papiZis mimarT administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 166-e, 173-e muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedebis CadenisaTvis. warmodgenili samarTaldarRvevis masalebiT da sasamarTlo ganxilvisas dadgenilia, rom. 2011 wlis 15 ivniss, TbilisSi, metrosadgur `naZaladevi~-s vestibulSi administraciuli wesiT dakavebul iqna nasvam mdgomareobaSi myofi moqalaqe papiZe, romelic arRvevda sazogadoebriv wesrigs. wesrigis dacvis Sesaxeb policiis TanamSromlebis araerTgzisi kanonieri moTxovnis

26 ix. samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis 212-e da sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 85-e muxlebi. 27 Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlo, administraciul saqmeTa kolegiis dadgenileba saqmeze #4/3624-11

28

miuxedavad, ganagrZo aRniSnuli qmedeba, miayena maT sityvieri Seuracxyofa da dakavebisas gauwia winaaRmdegoba. administraciul samarTaldarRvevis oqmis Semdgeni organos warmomadgeneli daeTanxma warmodgenil samarTaldarRvevis oqms da moiTxova administraciul pasuxisgebaSi micemuli piris mimarT saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 166-e da 173-e muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli sanqciis gamoyeneba. sasamarTlo sxdomaze warmodgenilma moqalaqe papiZem ar aRiara samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis faqti. saqmis masalebis Seswavlis, mxareTa axsna-ganmartebebis mosmenis Sedegad sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom dadasturebulia moqalaqe papiZis mxridan saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 166-e da 173-e muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadnis faqti, amasTan, saxezea pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebeli garemoebebi - marTlsawinaaRmdego qcevis gangrZoba misi Sewyvetis Sesaxeb saamisod uflebamosil pirTa moTxovnis miuxedavad, samarTaldarRvevis Cadena nasvam mdgomareobaSi. yovelive aRniSnulidan irkveva, rom saqmis masalebis Seswavlidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlom ixelmZRvanela saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 33-e muxliT, romlis mixedviTac administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisaTvis saxdeli daedeba im normatiuli aqtiT dawesebul farglebSi, romlebic iTvaliswinebs pasuxismgeblobas administraciul samarTaldarRvevisaTvis am kodeqsis da administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa Sesaxeb sxva aqtebis zusti SesabamisobiT. saxdelis dadebisas mxedvelobaSi miiReba Cadenili samarTaldarRvevis xasiaTi, damrRvevis pirovneba, misi bralis xarisxi, qonebrivi mdgomareoba, pasuxismgeblobis Semamsubuqebeli da damamZimebeli garemoebani. aRniSnuli muxlidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlom CaTvala, rom damrRvevis pirovnebis, Cadenili qmedebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli damamZimebeli garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, moqalaqe papiZes unda Sefardeboda administraciuli patimroba. Tavi III. mniSvnelovani administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebi da maTi ganxilvis Taviseburebani saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi28 aerTianebs im samarTlebriv normebs, romlebic adgens gadacdomaTa konkretul saxeebs da awesebs maT Sesabamis sanqciebs. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saxeebis dajgufeba kodeqsSi xdeba im niSnis mixedviT, Tu sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis romel sferos ayeneben zians da konkretulad ra saxis Sinaarsis sikeTes xelyofen. kodeqsSi gaTvaliswinebuli CamonaTvali moicavs gadacdomebs, romlebic xelyofs adamianTa janmrTelobas, sakuTrebas, zians ayenebs

28 ix. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, II kari, II nawili (gansakuTrebuli nawili)

29

garemos, bunebriv resursebs, sazogadoebriv wesrigs, marTlwesrigs da sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis sxva sferoebs. Tavisi Sinaarsis mixedviT yvela gadacdoma mniSvnelovani da Taviseburad sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis Semcvelia, Tumca aris administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis iseTi saxeebi, romlebic praqtikaSi yvelaze farTodaa gavrcelebuli da met yuradRebas ipyrobs. aseT gadacdomebs, rogorc wesi, miekuTvneba samarTaldarRvevebi, romelTa Cadenis drosac administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis oqms adgens Sesabamisi administraciuli organo, xolo sakiTxs oqmSi asaxuli gadacdomisaTvis sanqciis dakisrebis Taobaze wyvets sasamarTlo. zemoTaRniSnul gadacdomaTa mniSvneloba da Taviseburebac swored maTi ganxilvis formasa da wesSi mdgomareobs. samarTaldarRvevebi, romelTa Cadenis gamoc sanqciis Sefardeba sasamarTlos prerogativaa, Tavisi arsiT yuradsaRebia imis gamo, rom isini gacilebiT mometebuli safrTxis Semcvelia, met-naklebad gavrcelebuli xasiaTisaa da maTi prevenciisaTvis saukeTeso saSualeba swored sasamarTlosadmi maT qvemdebareobaSi mdgomareobs. TavisTavad calsaxaa, rom sasamarTlos gansjadi gadacdomebi ganxilvis TaviburebebiT gamoirCeva. swored aRniSnulis gamo iqcevs xsenebuli samarTaldarRvevebi yuradRebas samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT da vfiqrob, maTi mimoxilva saintereso daskvnebis gakeTebis saSualebas mogvcems. 1. sasamarTlos gansjadi administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebi; 1997 wlis 13 ivnisis saqarTvelos organuli kanoniT `saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb” dadgenilia, rom raionis (qalaqis) magistranti mosamarTleebi administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebs ganixilaven pirveli instanciis wesiT, xolo q. Tbilisisa da q. quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloebi miCneulia saapelacio instanciad da administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqmeebs ganixilaven, rogorc zemdgomi instanciis sasamarTloebi. rac Seexeba uzenaes sasamarTlos, misi administraciul da sxva kategoriis saqmeTa palata sakasacio instanciad gvevlineba. organuli kanoniT gavaliswinebuli es sistema Seexeba mxolod im saqmeebs, romlebic saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis mixedviT29 eqvemdebareba sasamarTlos kompetencias. aRniSnuli saxis administraciul gadacdomebs warmoadgens

saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 421-e და

422-e მუხლებით, 43-ე მუხლის მე-2 ნაწილით, 44-ე–443, 445, 446, 45-ე–56-ე, 57-

ე–69-ე, 71-ე–78-ე, 791–821, 84-ე–86-ე, 88-ე–893, 90-ე–912, 922, 94-ე–1002, 103-ე–1051,

1281, 1282, 143-ე–1441, 1443–1445, 145-ე, 1461, 148-ე–152-ე, 1522–1542, 1551–156-ე, 1571–

1581, 159-ე–1599, 163-ე, 164-ე, 1644, 1651–1653, 166-ე, 167-ე, 170-ე მუხლებით, 171-ე

29 ix. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, muxli 208

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მუხლის მე-3 ნაწილით, 1711, 1734, 17310, 17311, 1741, 1745, 1748–17414, 1778–178-ე,

1791–183-ე, 187-ე–1872, 189-ე, 191-ე (გარდა 191-ე მუხლის პირველი და 11

ნაწილებისა), 192-ე, 195-ე, 1962–1966, 1971 gaTvaliswinebuli qmedebebi. mimovixiloT sasamarTlo praqtika zemoTCamoTvlil normaTagan yvelaze gavrcelebul gadacomebTan mimarTebaSi. 2. sasamarTlo praqtikis mimoxilva; rogorc ukve aRiniSna, sasamarTlos gansjadi administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebi mniSvnelovania TavianTi ganxilvis wesisa da Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo praqtikis TvalsazrisiT, yvelaze gavrcelebul samarTaldarRvevebs warmoadgens: narkotikuli saSualebis mcire odenobiT SeZena an Senaxva gasaRebis gareSe an/da narkotikuli saSualebis moxmareba eqimis daniSnulebis gareSe (sask-is 45-e muxli), gare vaWroba Sesabamisi nebarTvis gareSe (sask-is 1531-e muxli), wvrilmani xulignoba (sask-is 166-e muxli), samsaxurebrivi movalobis Sesrulebis dros samarTaldamcavi organoebis muSakebis an samxedro mosamsaxureebis kanonieri gankargulebis an moTxovnisadmi borotad daumorCilebloba (sask-is 173-e muxli), dasufTavebis wesebis darRveva (sask-is 1461-e muxli) da savaldebulo samxedro samsaxurSi gamoucxadebloba samxedro valdebulebis moxdisgan Tavis aridebis mizniT (sask-is 1971-e muxli). mniSvnelovania, rom yvela CamoTvlili samarTaldarRvevis kvalifikaciisaTvis da Sesabamisi saxdelis SefardebisaTvis gasaTvaliswinebelia rigi garemoebebi, romelTa yovelmxrivi Seswavla da gamokvleva sasamarTlos gareSe uaRresad gaZneldeboda, swored amitom iqna isini daqvemdebarebuli sasamarTlo gansjadobas da kanonmdeblobiT winamdebare gadacdomebTan brZolisa da prevenciis yvelaze xelsayreli gza iqna arCeuli. sasamarTlo ganxilvis stadiaze yvela zemoTCamoTvlil samarTaldarRvevas mxolod misTvis damaxasiaTebeli Taviseburebebi gaaCnia, romlis aRmoCena da gaTvaliswinebac sasamarTlos upirveles amocanas warmoadgens. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 45-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebul gadacdomas gaaCnia sampunqtiani SeniSvna, romelSic mokled aris Camoyalibebuli am samarTlebrivi normis gamoyenebis meqanizmi da Taviseburebani, am mxriv CvenTvis sainteresoa SeniSvnis pirveli punqti, romlis Tanaxmadac, piri Tavisufldeba normiT gaTvaliswinebuli pasuxismgeblobisagan, Tu igi samarTaldamcav organoebs nebayoflobiT Caabarebs mcire odenobis narkotikul saSualebas, romelic man SeiZina gasaRebis miznis gareSe piradi moxmarebisaTvis. pasuxismgeblobisgan gaTavisufldeba aseve samarTaldamrRvevi, romelmac eqimis daniSnulebis gareSe moixmara narkotikuli saSualeba, magram Semdgom samedicino daxmarebis mizniT nebayoflobiT mimarTa samedicino dawesebulebas. am faqtobrivi garemoebebis aRmoCenisas sasamarTlom saqmeze gamotanili

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dadgenilebiT oqmis subieqti unda gaaTavisuflos administraciuli pasuxismgeblobisagan. mniSvnelovani Tavisebureba am muxlisa aris aseve is, rom Tuki sasamarTlo ganxilvis dros aRmoCndeba, rom konkretul SemTxvevaSi ar arsebobda oqmis Sedgenis safuZveli, anu pirma narkotikuli saSualeba moixmara eqimis daniSnulebiT, sasamarTlo, Tanaxmad saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 232-e muxlis I nawilisa, wyvets saqmis warmoebas im motiviT, rom ar arsebobs samarTaldarRvevis faqti, radgan 45-e muxlis farglebSi administraciuli wesiT isjeba mxolod narkotikuli saSualebis eqimis daniSnulebis gareSe moxmareba. sasamarTlo praqtikaSi damkvidrebuli da Teoriulad dadgenili normebis mixedviT, saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 1531-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebul qmedebas, gare vaWrobas Sesabamisi nebarTvis gareSe, axasiaTebs Semdegi Tavisebureba: aRniSnuli normis moqmedeba vrceldeba iseT SemTxvevebze, rodesac piri Sesabamisi nebarTvis gareSe vaWrobs quCaSi, trotuarze, skverSi, moedanze an sxva iseT adgilebSi, sadac ar aris nebadarTuli gare vaWroba. gadacdomis kvalifikaciisaTvis gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eniWeba gadacdomis Cadenis adgilsa da im elements, aqvs Tu ara garemovaWres saTanado nebarTva (licenzia) uSualod im adgilze vaWrobisaTvis, an zogadad warmoadgens Tu ara konkretuli adgili gare vaWrobisTvis sagangebod gamoyofil teritorias. sasamarTlo praqtikaSi yvelaze xSirad gvxvdeba mocemuli normis meore nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli gadacdomebi, romelic ukavSirdeba samarTaldamcavi organos uflebamosili piris kanonieri gankargulebisadmi an moTxovnisadmi daumorCileblobas. am SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlosaTvis samarTaldarRvevis faqtze dasadgenad aucilebelia Semdegi garemoebebi: eweoda Tu ara piri gare vaWrobas, mimarTa Tu ara samarTaldamcavi organos muSakma garemovaWres kanonieri moTxovniT, Seewyvita qmedeba, an gasca Tu ara samarTaldamcavma kanonieri gankarguleba, daemorCila Tu ara gare movaWre mis mimarT wayenebul moTxovnas, gauwia Tu ara kanonis damcvelebs winaaRmdegoba, ganagrZo Tu ara qmedeba da a.S. metad sayuradRebo normaa saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 166-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli gadacdoma – wvrilmani xulignoba – qmedeba, romlis drosac xdeba sazogadoebrivi TavSeyris adgilebSi lanZRva-gineba, moqalaqeebze Seuracxmyofeli gadakideba da sxva yvela imgvari qmedeba, romelic arRvevs sazogadoebriv wesrigsa da simSvides. qmedebis swori kvalifikaciisaTvis normis yvela elementis gaTavliswineba da etapobrivad ganxilvaa aucilebeli, vinaidan, aRniSnuli gadacdomis Cadenisas, saqmis warmoebis stadiaze Tavs iCens iseTi Tavisebureba, romlis drosac samarTaldarRvevis oqmis Semdgeni piri uSualod ar eswreba samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis faqts da masTan dakavSirebul garemoebebs oqmis Sedgenaze uflebamosili piri mogvianebiT krebs da adgens damrRvevis, dazaralebulis (aseTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi), mowmeebis, faqtis Semswre pirebis gamokiTxvis, axsna-ganmartebis CamorTmevis saSualebiT. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlom detalurad unda

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imsjelos da gamoikvlios saqmis garemoebebi, Seafasos da gansazRvros hqonda Tu ara adgili samarTaldarRvevas, sworadaa Tu ara dakvalificirebuli samarTaldamrRvevis qmedeba, xom ar aris samarTaldamrRvevis qmedebaSi danaSaulis niSnebi, yuradReba miaqcios saqmis masalebSi arsebul mtkicebulebebs da mxolod amis Semdeg mimarTos msjelobas pasuxismgeblobis Sefardebis sakiTxze. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 173-e muxlis Tanaxmad, administraciuli wesiT isjeba samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas samarTaldamcavi organoebis muSakebis an samxedro mosamsaxureebis kanonieri gankargulebis an moTxovnisadmi borotad daumorCilebloba. mocemuli gadacdomis swori kvalifikaciisaTvis aucilebelia, rom sasamarTlom yuradReba miaqcios Semdeg faqtobriv garemoebebs: moTxovnis an gankargulebis mimcemi piri aucileblad unda iyos samarTaldamcavi organoebis muSaki an samxedro mosamsaxure, moTxovna unda iyos kanonieri - safuZvlad unda edos samarTlis konkretuli norma, romelic gankargulebis gamomcem subieqts aniWebs pirisgan konkretuli Sinaarsis qmedebis ganxorcielebis an ganxorcielebisagan Tavis Sekavebis moTxovnis uflebas; samarTaldamcavi organos muSaki an samxedro mosamsaxure moTxovnis wayenebis an gankargulebis gamocemis dros unda asrulebdes samsaxurebriv movaleobas da mis mier gacemuli gankarguleba Tu moTxovna uSualod unda exebodes mis samsaxurebriv saqmianobas; pirma unda gamoiCinos wayenebuli moTxovnisa da gankargulebisadmi boroti daumorCilebloba, rac yvelaze mZafrad SeiZleba gamoxatul iqnes samarTaldamcvelebis mimarT fizikur da sityvier SeuracxyofaSi. rac Seexeba Tavad gankargulebisa da moTxovnis Sinaarss, igi sxvadasxvanairi SeiZleba iyos da damokidebulia imaze, Tu ra viTarebaSi uwevT samarTaldamcvelebs saqmianoba. ZiriTadad, sasamarTlo praqtikas Tu gadavxedavT, mocemuli normis dacvis obieqtad umeteswilad gvevlineba sazogadoebrivi wesrigis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa da gadacdomis Tavidan acileba. aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 173-e muxlis Tavisebureba mdgomareobis am normis amave kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli analogebis arsebobaSi, kerZod – sask-is 123-e muxli da 1531-e muxlis II nawili, romlis Taobazec zemoT ukve gvqonda saubari. ufro konkretulad ki, dasaxelebul samarTlebriv normebs is saerTo aqvT erTmaneTTan, rom qmedebis makvalificirebel elementad samive normis SinaarsiT samarTaldamcavi organos muSakebis moTxovnisadmi borotad daumorCilebloba gvevlineba. sask-is 123-e muxlis Tanaxmad, Tu dadginda, rom mZRoli borotad ar asrulebs satransporto saSualebis gaCerebis Sesaxeb policielis kanonier moTxovnas, an/da 1531-e muxlis II nawilis mixedviT, gare movaWre ar asrulebs policielis kanonier moTxovnas, Sewyvitos unebarTvo gare vaWroba, am saxis gadacdomebi ar unda dakvalificirdes, rogorc saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 173-e muxliT dadgenili qmedebebi, aramed – Sesabamisad, 123-e muxliTa da 1531-e muxlis II nawiliT

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gaTvaliswinebul qmedebebad. aRniSnuli aucileblad yuradsaRebi da gamosakvlevia da mosamarTleTa mxridan maT gamijvnas upiratesi mniSvneloba eniWeba sxva mtkicebulebebTan SedarebiT, vinaidan 173-e muxli zogadi Sinaarsisaa, xolo 123-e muxliTa da 1531-e muxlis II nawiliT kanonmdeblis mier dakonkretebulia samarTalurTierTobaTa is saxeebi, romlis drosac SeiZleba ganxorcieldes samarTaldamrRvevis mxridan samarTaldamcvelebis konkretuli moTxovnisadmi boroti daumorCilebloba. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi iTvaliswinebs iseT gadacdomebsac, romlis gamoc samarTaldarRvevis Sesaxeb oqms adgens adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis Sesabamisi organoebi da calsaxaa, rom oqmis Sedgena emsaxureba Tavad TviTmmarTveli erTeulis interesebs. erT-erT aseT (da am saxis debulebaTagan sasamarTlo praqtikaSi yvelaze gavrcelebul) normas warmoadgens sask-is 1461-e muxli, romelic dasufTavebis wesebis darRvevas exeba. aRniSnuli muxli da Tavad am saxis administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebi sayuradReboa im kuTxiT, rom maT Taviseburebas warmoadgens gadacdomis Cadenis adgili da kvalifikaciisaTvis am elements arsebiTi mniSvneloba eniWeba, anu qmedeba Cadenili unda iyos TviTmmarTveli erTeulis (daba, qalaqi, dasaxlebuli punqti da a.S.) sazRvrebSi Semaval teritoriaze, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, qmedebis am muxliT kvalifikacia ar moxdeba. Tumca kvalifikaciasTan dakavSirebiT mxolod aRniSnuli normiT sargebloba ar kmara da aseT SemTxvevaSi sasamarTloebi (magistrati mosamarTleebi) xelmZRvaneloben q. Tbilisis mTavrobis 2011 wlis 27 ivnisis #16.08.651 dadgenilebiT damtkicebuli wesiT `dedaqalaqSi dagva-dasufTavebisa, narCenebis marTvisa, operatoris SerCevisa da q. Tbilisis TviTmmarTveli erTeulis sakuTrebaSi arsebuli narCenebis gankargvis wesis Sesaxeb”. am dadgenilebis Tanaxmad, aucilebelia, rom saxeze iyos Semdegi garemoebebi: samarTaldamrRvevi unda iyos q. Tbilisis teritoriaze moqmedi ind. mewarme, iuridiuli piri, organizacia, dawesebuleba, sacxovrebeli binis/saxlis mesakuTre, romelic saTanado wesiT daregistrirebuli iqneba momxmareblad (dasufTavebis samsaxuris abonentad, momsaxurebis tarifis (safasuris) gadamxdelad); samarTaldamrRvevebis mxridan adgili unda qondes safasuris gadauxdelobas, narCenebis gasatanad aucilebeli informaciis saTanado organoebisTvis miuwodeblobas (gonivrul, magram ara umetes 30 dRis vadaSi), narCenebis saTavsis an misi nawilis ganzrax an gaufrTxileblobiT dazianebas, narCenebis quCaSi dayras da dadgenilebiT gaTvaliswinebul sxva garemoebebs. samarTaldarRvevis oqmis Sedgenisas, TviTTmarTveli erTeulis saamisod uflebamosili piris mier, oqmSi asaxul unda iqnes detalurad yvela is garemoeba, romlis safuZvelzec samarTaldarRvevas hqonda adgili da oqms darTuli unda hqondes faqtobrivi garemoebebis damadasturebeli mtkicebulebebi (xSirad am ukanasknels warmoadgens fotoilustracia, sadac asaxulia samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis faqtebi). warmodgenili masalebisa da mxareTa axsna-ganmartebebis Sejerebisa da gamokvlevis

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safuZvelze mosamarTle iRebs gadawyvetilebas sask-is 1461-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli sanqciis Sefardeba-arSefardebis Taobaze. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 1971-e muxlis danawesiT, administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebas iTvaliswinebs savaldebulo samxedro samsaxurSi gamoucxadebloba samxedro valdebulebis moxdisgan Tavis aridebis mizniT. aRniSnuli muxlis mniSvnelovan Taviseburebas warmoadgens masSi gaTvaliswinebuli sanqciis sakmaod mkacri xasiaTi (jarima 1000 laris odenobiT, xolo ganmeorebiT Cadenis SemTxvevaSi – administraciuli patimroba 30 dRis vadiT), garda amisa, mocemuli muxliT darRvevis kvalifikaciisaTvis aucilebelia, rom saxeze iyos Semdegi garemoebebi: samarTaldamrRvevi unda iyos wvevamdeli, an samxedro samsaxuris valdebulebas daqvemdebarebuli piri (e.w. `rezervisti” 27 wlidan da a.S), samarTaldamrRvevi Tavs unda aridebdes samxedro savaldebulo samsaxurSi aRricxvaze gamocxadebas da saamisod ar unda gaaCndes sapatio mizezi (Tu ra CaiTvleba sapatio mizezad, amas yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlo wyvets, saTanado mtkicebulebebze dayrdnobiT), samarTaldamrRvevi ar unda iyos samxedro savaldebulo samsaxurisaTvis uvargisad cnobili Sesabamisi samedicino komisiis mier da aRniSnulis gamo gaTavisuflebuli ar unda iyos samxedro samsaxurisgan mudmivad, an garkveuli vadiT. Tuki samarTaldarRvevis oqmi da saqmeze TandarTuli mtkicebulebebi akmayofileben zemoTCamoTvlil safuZvlebs da sasamarTlo sxdomazec sxva (mag: saqmis warmoebis Sewyvetis) garemoebebi ar gamoikveTeba, mosamarTle iRebs gadawyvetilebas piris samarTaldamRvevad cnobisa da misTvis Sesabamisi muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli saxdelis dadebis Taobaze. 3. faqtobriv garemoebaTa swori Sefaseba da qmedebis samarTaldarRvevad kvalificireba - Cadenili samarTaldarRvevis danaSaulad Seracxvis problemis Tavidan acilebis gza. rogorc davinaxeT, samarTaldarRvevis dadgena saqmis pirveladi mxarea, xolo amis Semdeg modis sakiTxi darRvevaze swori reagirebis Sesaxeb, damrRvevis mimarT iseTi administraciuli saxdelis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb, romelic ara mxolod adeqvaturi iqneba samarTaldarRvevisadmi, aramed samarTliani da humanuri aRmoCndeba darRvevis mimarT da xels Seuwyobs damrRvevis gamosworebas da gadacdomis aRkveTas. administraciuli saxdelebi winaswaraa gansazRvruli ama Tu im materialur normebSi da mosamarTles naklebi SesaZlebloba aqvs varireba moaxdinos maT arCevanSi. saxdelis gamoyenebisas didi mniSvneloba eniWeba misi dakisrebis winapirobebs – saqmis faqtobriv garemoebaTa srulyofil gamokvlevas da swor Sefasebas, raTa dakisrebulma saxdelma mizans miaRwios da sisruleSi iqnas moyvanili. zemoTxsenebuli pirobebis dakmayofilebis TvalsazrisiT aucilebelia, rom administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqme

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ganxilul iqnas sworad, mxolod misTvis damaxasiaTebeli Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. upirveles yovlisa, administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqme ganxilul unda iqnes kanonisa da sasamarTlos winaSe moqalaqeTa Tanasworobis safuZvelze, Ria sasamarTlo sxdomaze. sasamarTlo valdebulia, administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmeze gadawyvetileba miiRos saqmeSi warmodgenil mtkicebulebaTa srulyofilad gamokvlevisa da Sefasebis Sedegad.30 mosamarTle valdebulia, saqmis ganxilvis dros xelmZRvanelobdes kanoniTa da marTlSegnebiT, ra drosac man mtkicebulebebi unda Seafasos sakuTari Sinagani rwmeniT, rac, rogorc wesi, emyareba saqmis yvela garemoebis yovelmxriv, srul da obieqtur gamokvlevas. mosamarTlis mier gamokvleuli unda iqnes aseve Semdegi garemoebebi: ganekuTvneba Tu ara saqme sasamarTlos kompetencias, sworad aris Tu ara Sedgenili oqmi da saqmis sxva masalebi, ecnobaT Tu ara saqmis ganxilvaSi monawile pirebs saqmis ganxilvis droisa da adgilis Taobaze, gamoTxovilia Tu ara saWiro damatebiTi masalebi, xom ar aqvT saqmis ganxilvaSi monawile pirebs raime saxis Suamdgomlobebi da Tu aseTi arsebobs, dasakmayofilebelia Tu ara igi. saqmis ganxilvis dros mosamarTle xsnis sasamarTlo sxdomas, acxadebs, Tu romeli saqme ixileba, vin aris micemuli administraciul pasuxisgebaSi, saqmeSi monawile pirebs ganumartavs TavianT uflebebsa da movaleobebs, ganmartavs acilebis wess, sajarod kiTxulobs administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis oqms, usmens saqmeSi monawile pirebis axsna-ganmartebebs, usvams maT kiTxvebs, ikvlevs mtkicebulebebs da ixilavs Suamdgomlobebs. upirveles yovlisa, mosamarTle sxdomaze arkvevs: Cadenilia Tu ara administraciuli gadacdoma, braleulia Tu ara piri mis CadenaSi, eqvemdebareba Tu ara samarTaldamrRvevi administraciul pasuxismgeblobas, aris Tu ara saxeze pasuxismgeblobis Semamsubuqebeli an damamZimebeli garemoebebi, xom ar aris miyenebuli qonebrivi ziani da sxva. Tuki dadgindeba, rom administraciulma samarTaldarRvevam qonebrivi zianis miyeneba gamoiwvia maSin mosamarTle valdebulia, saxdelis Sefardebis sakiTxis gadawyvetasTan erTad, imavdroulad imsjelos damrRvevisaTvis mis mier miyenebuli qonebrivi zianis anazRaurebis dakisrebis Taobaze. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqmeebis ganxilvis Taviseburebas warmoadgens kidev is faqti, rom administraciuli saqmeebis ganxilva SesaZlebelia im piris daswrebis gareSec, romelic

30 administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmeze mtkicebulebas warmoadgens nebismieri faqtobrivi monacemi, romelTa safuZvelze, kanoniT gansazRvruli wesiT, SeiZleba dadgindes administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis arseboba-ararseboba, piris braleuloba, saqmisTvis mniSvnelobis mqone sxva garemoebebi. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze mtkicebulebebs warmoadgens: administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis oqmi, samarTaldamrRvevis axsna-ganmarteba, dazaralebulisa da mowmis Cvenebebi, eqspertizis daskvna, alkoholuri an narkotikul-fsiqotropuli gamokvlevis Sedegebi, foto an video firi, nivTieri mtkicebulebebi, nivTisa da dokumentebis amoRebis oqmi, da saqmisTvis mniSvnelovani sxva dokumentebi.

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micemulia administraciul pasuxisgebaSi. aseT SemTxvevas adgili aqvs maSin, rodesac arsebobs cnoba samarTaldamrRvevisTvis saqmis ganxilvis adgilisa da drois Setyobinebis Sesaxeb da misgan, miuxedavad sxdomaze gamoucxadblobisa, ar Semosula raime saxis Suamdgomloba saqmis ganxilvis gadadebis Taobaze. Tumca aris samarTaldarRvevebi, romelTa ganxilvis drosac administraciul pasuxisgebaSi micemuli piris sxdomaze daswreba savaldebuloa da kanoniT pirdapiraa gaTvaliswinebuli. aseT gadacdomebs miekuTvneba sask-is 45-e, 166-e da 173-e muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedebebi. Taviseburebas warmoadgens isic, rom administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqme ganixileba misi Cadenis adgilis mixedviT, xolo Tu samarTaldarRveva denadia, igi ganixileba misi gamovlenis adgilis mixedviT. kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi SesaZlebelia aseve administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmis samarTaldamrRvevis sacxovrebeli adgilis mixedviT ganxilvac. saqmis masalebis yovelmxrivi gamokvlevis kuTxiT mniSvnelovan Taviseburebas warmoadgens zogierTi saxis samarTaldarRvevis SemWidroebul vadebSi ganxilva, ufro konkretulad ki, garda zogadi vadebisa (ori Tve), saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi iTvaliswinebs saqmis ganxilvis specialur vadebsac calkeuli gadacdomebisaTvis31, kerZod, sask-is 45-e, 166-e da 173-e muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqmeebis ganxilva unda moxdes maTi Cadenidan erTi dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi. Sesabamisad, mosamarTles yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi didi dakvirveba marTebs, raTa miTiTebuli garemoebebi da administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis ganxilvis Taviseburebani mxedvelobidan ar gamorCes da saqmis masalebis srulyofili Seswavlis safuZvelze ganaxorcielos marTlsmajuleba. saqmis garemoebebis gamokvlevasTan mimarTebaSi praqtikaSi xSirad dgeba sakiTxi gadacdomisa da danaSaulis gamijvnis problematikasTan dakavSirebiT. ase xdeba, rodesac gadacdoma ganmeorebiTaa Cadenili erTi da imave piris mier, mas sistematuri xasiaTi aqvs, mometebulad iZens sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis niSans da gadaizrdeba danaSaulSi. yvela aseT SemTxvevaSi dadgeba sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgebloba, radgan qmedeba, romelic garegnulad administraciul samarTaldarRvevas ganekuTvneba, sinamdvileSi sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulia misi mometebulis sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis gamo da msgavs viTarebaSi mosamarTles didi yuradReba marTebs saqmis garemoebaTa gamokvlevisa da Sefasebis TvalsazrisiT, raTa ar moxdes danaSaulis mcire mniSvnelobis gadacdomad dakvalificireba da damnaSavis mimarT Seusabamo pasuxismgeblobis zomis gamoyeneba. aRniSnuli garemoebis yvelaze TvalsaCino magaliTs warmoadgens administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 45-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedeba. xsenebuli normis Tanaxmad, administraciul samarTaldarRvevas warmoadgens piris mier

31 ix. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, muxli 262 (me-2 da me-21 punqtebi).

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narkotikuli saSualebis mcire odenobiT SeZena an Senaxva gasaRebis gareSe, an/da narkotikuli saSualebis moxmareba eqimis daniSnulebis gareSe. am muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli gadacdomis kvalifikaciis sakiTxi mWidrod ukavSirdeba saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 260-e da 273-e muxlebs. `narkotikuli saSualebis SeZena – Senaxvis faqti, SeZenili an/da Senaxuli narkotikuli saSualebis odenobidan gamomdinare, erT SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba miCneul iqnes sisxlis samarTlis wesiT, xolo meore SemTxvevaSi – administraciuli wesiT dasjad qmedebebad; anu gadacdomis faqtis swori kvalifikaciisaTvis gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs aramarto im garemoebas, pirma namdvilad narkotikuli nivTiereba SeiZina (Seinaxa) Tu ara, aramed – narkotikuli saSualebis odenobasac. Tu aRmoCnda, rom piris mier SeZenili an Senaxuli narkotikuli nivTiereba didi an gansakuTrebiT didi odenobisaa, gamovlenili gadacdoma unda Sefasdes, rogorc sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 260-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis niSnebis Semcveli qmedeba. rac Seexeba eqimis daniSnulebis gareSe narkotikuli saSualebis moxmarebis faqts, am SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia gairkves, Tu ra saxis nivTiereba moixmara pirma, moixmara Tu ara narkotikuli saSualeba da gamoiyena Tu ara pirma igi eqimis daniSnulebis gareSe.”32 mniSvnelovania, rom am dros sasamarTlom administraciuli saxdelis dakisrebis Sesaxeb sakiTxis gadawyvetamde gamoarkvios, gamovlenili faqti xom ar warmoadgens sisxlis samarTlis wesiT dasjad gadacdomas, kerZod sssk 273-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis niSnebis Semcvel qmedebas.33 mocemuli muxlebidan romelimes gamoyeneba gamoricxavs qmedebis meore muxliT dakvalificirebis SesaZleblobas da Sesabamisad, upirvelesyovlisa, unda gairkves, Tu ra SemTxvevaSi xdeba ganxiluli qmedebis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 273-e muxliT dakvalificireba. aRniSnuls adgili eqneba, Tu sasamarTlo daadgens, rom: igive subieqti imave saxis gadacdomisaTvis erTxel ukve iqna dasjili administraciuli wesiT (anu daekisra administraciuli saxdeli) da saxdelis moxdis an saxdelis saxiT jarimis dakisrebis dRidan axali gadacdomis Cadenis dRemde ar aris gasuli erTi weli; igive subieqti gasamarTlebulia sisxlis samarTlis wesiT saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 273-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis CadenisTvis da axali gadacdomis Cadenis droisaTvis piri kvlav iTvleba nasamarTlevad (anu axali gadacdomis Cadenis droisTvis pirs ar aqvs moxsnili an

32 ix. praqtikuli rekomendaciebi administraciul saproceso samarTlis sakiTxebze magistrati mosamarTlisaTvis, saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo, Tbilisi, 2010, gv. 113-114. 33 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 273-e muxliT dadgenilia, rom piradi moxmarebisaTvis narkotikuli saSualebis, misi analogis, prekursoris mcire odenobiT ukanonod moxmareba, damzadeba, SeZena, Senaxva anda eqimis daniSnulebis gareSe ukanonod moxmareba, Cadenili aseTi qmedebisTvis administraciul saxdelSefardebuli an am danaSaulisTvis nasamarTlevi piris mier, - isjeba jarimiT an sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo SromiT, vadiT 120-dan 180 saaTamde, anda Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT erT wlamde.

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gaqarwylebuli nasamarTloba). Sesabamisad, Tu sasamarTlo ganxilvis dros aRmoCndeba, rom ar arsebobda samarTaldarRvevis oqmis Sedgenis safuZveli, anu qmedeba Cadenil iqna Tundac erT-erT xsenebul pirobebSi, sasamarTlom, Tanaxmad saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 232-e muxlis I nawilisa, unda Sewyvitos saqmis warmoeba im motiviT, rom ar arsebobs administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis faqti da radganac gamovlenili gadacdoma Seicavs saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 273-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis niSnebs, sasamarTlom samarTaldarRvevis oqmi da TandarTuli masala, Tanaxmad saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 238-e muxlisa, unda gadasces prokurors an winaswari gamoZiebis organos.34 administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis warmoebisas sasamarTlo ganxilvis etapze mosamarTleTa mxridan yuradsaRebia saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT dadgenili im garemoebebis gamokvleva, aRmoCena da Sefaseba, romlebic gamoricxaven administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmeebis warmoebas. kerZod, sask-is 232-e muxlis Sesabamisad, administraciuli saqmis warmoeba unda Sewydes, Tu: o ar arsebobs administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis faqti; o samarTaldarRveva Caidina Teqvsmet wels miuRwevelma pirma; o samarTaldarRveva Cadenilia Seuracxadi piris mier; o samarTaldamrRvevi moqmedebda ukiduresi aucileblobis an aucilebeli mogeriebis farglebSi;

o amnistiis aqtis miRebis gamo administraciuli saxdelis gamoyeneba gauqmda;

o gauqmda Tavad administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis damdgeni aqti; o administraciuli saqmis ganxilvis momentisTvis misi ganxilvisTvis dadgenili vada ukve gasulia;

o administraciul pasuxsigebaSi micemuli piri gardaicvala; o arsebobs imave faqtze administraciul pasuxisgebaSi micemuli piris mimarT kompetenturi organos (Tanamdebobis piris) dadgenileba administraciuli saxdelis dadebis Sesaxeb an - ZalaSi arsebuli dadgenileba administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmis Sewyvetis;

o imave faqtze ukve aRZrulia sisxlis samarTlis saqme. garda CamoTvlili, kanoniT pirdapir gaTvaliswinebuli garemoebebisa, praqtikaSi xSiria SemTxveva, rodesac saqmis warmoeba wydeba piris identifikaciis dadgenis SeuZleblobis gamoc. aRniSnuli ZiriTadad samarTaldarRvevis oqmis Sedgenaze uflebamosili piris Secdomas warmoadgens, Tumca realurad xSirad vxvdebiT SemTxvevebs, rodesac mosamarTlisaTvis gaurkveveli rCeba administraciul pasuxisgebaSi micemuli piris saidentifikacio nomeri, dabadebis TariRi, sacxovrebeli misamarTi, saqmis masalebSi ar moipoveba samarTaldamrRvevis piradobis damadasturebeli

34 ix. saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo, praqtikuli rekomendaciebi administraciul saproceso samarTlis sakiTxebze magistrati mosamarTlisaTvis, Tbilisi, 2010, gv. 115-116.

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dokumentis asli, saidanac dadgindeboda misi asaki da saqmisaTvis saWiro yvela rekviziti. garda amisa, ar arseboben Sesabamisi pirebi, vis mierac SesaZlebeli iqneboda pasuxisgebaSi micemuli piris vinaobis da piradobis damadasturebeli monacemebis dadastureba da Tu aseTi pirebis moZieba da maTgan informaciis miReba Sesabamisi organoebisa da sasamarTlos prerogativas scildeba. sasamarTlo sistemaSi damkvidrebuli praqtikiT, aseTi SemTxvevebi administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqmeebis ganxilvis kidev erT Taviseburebas warmoadgens da aseT dros saqmis warmoebis Sewyveta araTu kanondarRveva, aramed gamarTlebuli gamosavalia, raTa ar moxdes saqmis garemoebebis gamokvlevis gareSe administraciul pasuxisgebaSi micemuli pirisaTvis brmad saxdelis dadeba da momavalSi sasamarTlos mier gamotanili dadgenilebis aRsrulebisaTvis xelovnurad gardauvali problemebis Seqmna. Tavi IV. samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze gamotanili dadgenileba, misi gasaCivreba. saqmis ganxilvis dasrulebis, saqmis garemoebebis gamokvlevisa da Sefasebis Semdgom sasamarTlos gamoaqvs dadgenileba, romelic ramodenime saxis SeiZleba iyos imisda mixedviT, Tu ra Sinaarsisaa dadgenilebis sarezolucio nawili. mosamarTle administraciuli saxdelis dakisrebis Taobaze gamotanili dadgenilebiT adasturebs im movaleobis Sesrulebis valdebulebas, romlis SeusruleblobisTvisac pirs Seefardeba administraciuli saxdeli da dadgenilebaSi gansazRvravs darRvevis gamosasworeblad gasatarebel RonisZiebebs. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqmeebze gamotanil dadgenilebebs gaaCniaT maTTvis damaxasiaTebeli struqtura, gasaCivrebis da aRsrulebis wesi.

1. dadgenilebis struqtura administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmis ganxilvis Semdgom sasamarTlos gamoaqvs erT-erTi Semdegi saxis dadgenileba: administraciuli saxdelis dadebis Sesaxeb; saqmis warmoebis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb; erTi administraciuli saxdelis sxva administraciuli saxdeliT Secvlis Taobaze, Tuki SeuZlebelia pirveladad dadebuli saxdelis aRsruleba; sauravis daricxvis Sesaxeb. dadgenileba aseve miRebuli SeiZleba iyos SeniSvnis gamocxadebis Taobaze. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmeze gamotanil dadgenilebaSi aucilebeli wesiT unda mieTiTos:

sasamarTlos dasaxeleba da misi Semadgenloba;

saqmis ganxilvis TariRi;

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im organos dasaxeleba, saidanac Semovida saqme;

im piris vinaoba, vis mimarTac Semotanilia administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqme (saxeli, gvari, piradi nomeri, misamarTi);

saqmeze dadgenili garemoebebi;

im normatiuli aqtis Sesabamisi muxli, romlis safuZvelzec moxda administraciuli saxdelis Sefardeba;

saqmeze TandarTuli mtkicebulebebis CamonaTvali, romlebsac iziarebs da eyrdnoba sasamarTlo;

pasuxismgeblobis Semamsubuqebeli da damamZimebeli garemoebebi (aseTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi);

im normatiuli aqtebisa da Sesabamisi muxlebis CamonaTvali, romliTac ixelmZRvanela sasamarTlom dadgenilebis gamotanisas;

saqmeze miRebuli gadawyvetileba da misi gasaCivrebis vada da wesi. zemoTmoyvanili struqtura saerToa administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmeze gamotanili yvela saxis dadgenilebisaTvis da maTi miTiTeba da zedmiwevniT dacva savaldebuloa misi gamomtani nebismieri organosTvis (Tanamdebobis pirisaTvis). garda miTiTebuli garemoebebisa, sasamarTlos mier gamotanil dadgenilebas aucilebeli wesiT unda erTvodes Semdegi rekvizitebi: saxelmwifo gerbi, saqmis nomeri, mosamarTlis xelmowera; dadgenileba dayofili unda iyos Sesaval, aRwerilobiT, samotivacio da sarezolucio nawilebad; sarezolucio nawili Camoyalibebuli unda iyos garkveviT da masSi miTiTebuli rekvizitebi (ZiriTadad - Cadenili samarTaldarRvevis Taobaze Sefardebuli saxdelisa da samarTaldamrRvevis pirovnebis damadasturebeli monacemebis Sesaxeb) Camoyalibebuli unda iyos iseTi saxiT, rom safrTxe ar Seuqmnas dadgenilebis aRsrulebas, an ar Seaferxos igi. 2. dadgenilebis miRebisas gasaTvaliswinebeli ZiriTadi da damatebiTi garemoebani rogorc ukve aRiniSna, sasamarTlo dadgenileba gamoicema saqmis garemoebebis srulyofili, yovelmxrivi da detaluri Seswavlisa da gamokvlevis Sedegad. saqmis garemoebebis Seswavlisa da gamokvlevis proceduraze zemoT ukve vimsjeleT da davadgineT, rom mosamarTle valdebulia, saqmis Seswavlis mizniT, gamoarkvios: Cadenilia Tu ara administraciuli gadacdoma, braleulia Tu ara piri mis CadenaSi, eqvemdebareba Tu ara samarTaldamrRvevi administraciul pasuxismgeblobas, aris Tu ara saxeze pasuxismgeblobis Semamsubuqebeli an damamZimebeli garemoebebi, xom ar aris miyenebuli qonebrivi ziani da sxv. gamomdinare aqedan, samarTaldarRvevis saqmeze gamotanil dadgenilebas gaaCnia misi miRebisTvis gasaTvaliswinebeli rogorc ZiriTadi, aseve damatebiTi garemoebebi. ZiriTad garemoebebs miekuTvneba yvela is faqtobrivi garemoeba, rac dadginda samarTaldarRvevis oqmis Sedgenisas, gamokvleul iqna oqmis Semdgeni organos (Tanamdebobis piris) mier da dadasturebul iqna maTi

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damasabuTebeli mtkicebulebebis SekrebiTa da sasamarTlosTvis wardgeniT. damatebiT garemoebebad ki, zogadad, miiCneva yvela is garemoeba, rac sasamarTlo procesze gacxaddeba da dasabuTdeba. am ukanasknels miekuTvneba pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebeli, Semamsubuqebeli garemoebebi, pasuxismgeblobisagan gaTavisuflebisTvis dadgenili garemoebebi, aseve – msgavs garemoebebs SeiZleba mivakuTvnoT mowmeTa Cvenebebidan, eqspertTa da specialistTa daskvnebidan miRebuli iseTi informacia, romelsac saqmeze gamosatani gadawyvetilebisaTvis upiratesi da didi mniSvneloba eniWeba. SesaZlebelia, rom administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadenam gamoiwvios mesame pirebisaTvis zianis miyeneba da aRniSnuli sasamarTlosTvis cnobili gaxdes swored saqmis ganxilvis etapze. aseTi SemTxveva swored dadgenilebis miRebisas gasaTvaliswinebel damatebiT garemoebas warmoadgens, radgan am dros mosamarTle valdebulia, administraciuli saxdelis SefardebasTan erTad ganixilos miyenebuli zianis (zaralis) anazRaurebis sakiTxic da dadgenilebaSi miuTiTos asanazRaurebeli zaralis odenoba, misi anazRaurebis wesi da vada. garda aRniSnulisa, damatebiT garemoebebad SesaZloa miviCnioT CamorTmeuli nivTebis da dokumentebis dabrunebis, eqspertebis, Tarjimanebis, specialistebisTvis asanazRaurebeli Tanxebis dakisrebis sakiTxic, rac aseve sasamarTlos msjelobiTa da mis mier gamotanili dadgenilebis sarezolucio nawiliT unda gadawydes. 3. dadgenilebis gasaCivreba administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze gamotanili dadgenileba SesaZloa gasaCivrdes administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT dadgenili da gaTvaliswinebuli wesiT. saqarTvelos konstituciis 42-e muxlis Tanaxmad, yovel adamians aqvs ufleba, Tavis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dasacavad mimarTos sasamarTlos. Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi exmianeba saqarTvelos konstituciis aRniSnul muxls da adgens administraciuli gadacdomis saqmeebze gamotanili dadgenilebis gasaCivrebis zogad wesebs. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli wesiT, dadgenileba SeiZleba gasaCivrdes misi gamotanidan 10 dRis vadaSi. aRniSnuli vada SesaZloa aRdges saCivris ganmxilveli organos (Tanamdebobis piris) mier misi gasvlis Semdeg, sapatio mizezis arsebobisas, im piris motivirebuli gancxadebiT, romlis mimarTac gamotanilia dadgenileba. rogorc wesi, gasaCivreba ar aCerebs gafrTxilebisa da administraciuli patimrobis Sefardebis Taobaze gamotanili dadgenilebebis moqmedebis vadas, moqmedebis vadis SeCerebas eqvemdebareba dadgenilebebi administraciuli saxdelis dadebis, sauravis daricxvisa da erTi administraciuli saxdelis meore administraciuli saxdeliT Secvlis Taobaze.

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mniSvnelovania imis aRniSvna, rom administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze gamotanili dadgenilebis gasaCivrebisaTvis pirs saxelmwifo baJi ar gadaxdeba, xolo saCivris ganmxilavi sasamarTlo (saapelacio sasamarTlo) saCivars ixilavs da gadawyvetilebas iRebs saCivris Setanidan 20 dRis vadaSi. saapelacio instanciis gadawyvetileba sabolooa da gasaCivrebas aRar eqvemdebareba. saCivris ganmxilveli saapelacio instanciis sasamarTlo saCivris ganxilvis Semdeg iRebs erT-erT Semdeg gadawyvetilebas: dadgenilebis ucvlelad datovebisa da saCivris daukmayofileblobis Sesaxeb; dadgenilebis gauqmebisa da saqmis xelaxali ganxilvisTvis gadagzavnis Sesaxeb; dadgenilebis gauqmebisa da saqmis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb; administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisaTvis saxdelis zomis Secvlis Sesaxeb. Tuki saapelacio sasamarTlo saCivris ganxilvisas gamoarkvevs, rom dadgenileba miRebulia arauflebamosili organos (Tanamdebobis piris) mier, igi aseT dadgenilebas auqmebs da gansaxilvelad ugzavnis saamisod uflebamosil organos (Tanamdebobis pirs). mocemul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT mniSvnelovania iseTi faqtorebis mxedvelobaSi miReba, rogoricaa dadgenilebis gauqmeba saqmis warmoebis SewyvetiT da saxdelis ukanonod Sefardebis sakiTxi. pirvel SemTxvevaSi, Tu administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmeze miRebuli dadgenileba gauqmda saqmis SewyvetiT, pirs unda daubrundes gadaxdevinebuli fuladi Tanxa, sasyidliT CamorTmeuli an konfiskirebuli nivTebi, gauqmdes dadgenilebiT gaTvaliswinebuli SezRudvebi, xolo Tu sagnebis dabruneba SeuZlebelia, pirs unda aunazRaurdes maTi Rirebuleba. meore SemTxvevaSi ki, Tu saxdelis dadeba moxda ukanonod da amis gamo pirs miadga ziani, zianis anazrRaurebis sakiTxi ganxilul unda iqnes calke, kanonmdeblobiT (ufro konkretulad ki – samoqalaqo kodeqsiT35) dadgenili wesiT. garkveuli TaviseburebebiT xasiaTdeba administraciuli patimrobis Sefardebis Sesaxeb gamotanili dadgenilebis gasaCivrebis wesi. aRniSnuli saxis dadgenileba saCivrdeba saapelacio sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa palataSi, sadac saqmes kolegiurad ganixilavs sami mosamarTle da maTi dadgenileba sabolooa. raionuli (saqalaqo) sasamarTlos dadgenileba adminitsraciuli patimrobis Sefardebis Sesaxeb saCivrdeba misi gamotanidan 48 saaTSi im piris mier, romelsac Seefarda administraciuli patimroba, an am piris advokatis (kanonieri warmomadgenlis) mier, aseve – administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis oqmis Semdgeni Tanamdebobis piris mier. CamoTvlil pirTa mier Setanil saCivarSi unda aRiniSnos maTi moTxovnebi, Tu ras Tvlian isini darRvevad konkretul SemTxvevaSi, raSi gamoixateba gasaCivrebuli dadgenilebis mcdaroba, Tu romeli arsebiTi mniSvnelobis sakiTxebi ar gamoikvlia raionulma (saqalaqo) sasamarTlom. saCivars aseve Tan unda daerTos moTxovnis damadasturebeli mtkicebulebani.

35 saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi, kari meoTxe, 408-415 muxlebi.

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saapelacio sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa palata valdebulia, saqmis masalebis miRebidan 24 saaTSi zepiri mosmenis gareSe imsjelos saCivris dasaSvebobis sakiTxze, xolo saCivars saapelacio sasamarTlo ganixilavs saCivris dasaSvebad cnobidan 48 saaTis ganmavlobaSi. saCivari saapelacio sasamarTloSi ganixileba zepiri mosmeniT da mxareTa gamoucxadebloba mis ganxilvas ar abrkolebs. saCivris ganxilvis Semdeg saapelacio sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa palata iRebs gadawyvetilebas: gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis ZalaSi datovebisa da saCivris dakmayofilebaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb; gasaCivrebuli dadgenilebis gauqmebis (Secvlis) da saCivris srulad (nawilobriv) dakmayofilebis Sesaxeb. saapelacio sasamarTlos mier gamotanili dadgenilebis aslebi gadaecemaT mxareebs, egzavneba gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis gamomtan sasamarTlos da gadawyvetilebis aRmasrulebel organos. saapelacio sasamarTlos mier gamotanili dadgenileba administraciul saCivarTan dakavSirebiT sabolooa da gasaCivrebas aRar eqvemdebareba, aseve mniSvnelovan Taviseburebas warmoadgens is faqti, rom administraciuli patimrobis Seafrdebis Taobaze dadgenilebis gasaCivreba ar aCerebs misi aRsrulebis vadas. 4. dadgenilebis aRsrulebis problematika

administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqmeebze miRebuli dadgenilebebis aRsrulebis problematika aseTi saqmeebis samarTalwarmoebas scildeba da igi administraciuli warmoebis bolo etaps warmoadgens. miuxedavad imisa, rom aRniSnuli sakiTxi sasamarTlos kompetencias ar ganekuTvneba da Temis kvlevis farglebs aRemateba, mniSvnelovnad mimaCnia misi ganxilvac, vinaidan dadgenilebis aRsrulebis problematika mainc mniSvnelovnadaa dakavSirebuli sasamarTlos saqmianobasTan, vinaidan dadgenilebas aRsasruleblad swored sasamarTlo miaqcevs dadgenilebis safuZvelze amowerili saaRsrulebo furclis aRmasrulebeli organosaTvis miwodebis gziT. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze gamotanili dadgenilebebis aRsrulebis Taviseburebas warmoadgens is faqti, rom saxdelis Sefardebis Sesaxeb dadgenileba ar aRsruldeba, Tuki igi aRsasruleblad ar iqna miqceuli dadgenilebis gamotanidan 6 Tvis vadaSi. yuradsaRebia xandazmulobis vadis dinebac, kerZod: dadgenilebis aRsrulebis SeCerebis SemTxvevaSi xandazmulobis vadis dineba SeCerdeba saCivris ganxilvamde, xolo dadgenilebis aRsrulebis gadadebis SemTxvevaSi – gadadebis vadis gasvlamde. aseve mniSvnelovania, rom administraciuli patimrobis Taobaze gamotanili dadgenileba aRsasruleblad mieqceva dauyovnebliv, administraciuli dakavebis vada ki administraciuli patimrobis vadaSi iTvleba. administraciuli jarimis dakisrebis Taobaze dadgenilebis aRsrulebis sakiTxze msjelobisas, Tavdapirvelad unda gairkves, gadaixada Tu ara samarTaldamrRvevma dakisrebuli jarima

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dadgenilebis aslis misTvis Cabarebidan 30 dRis vadaSi36, xolo Semdeg dadges sakiTxi dadgenilebis aRsasruleblad miqcevis Taobaze, ufro konkretulad ki, Tu samarTaldamrRvevi dadgenilebis aslis misTvis Cabarebidan erTi Tvis vadaSi nebayoflobiT ar gadaixdis jarimas, sasamarTlo valdebulia, aRniSnuli vadis amowurvis Semdeg dadgenilebidan amoweros saaRsrulebo furceli da gadasces igi sasamarTlo aRmasrulebels. mniSvnelovani TaviseburebiT xasiaTdeba administraciuli saxdelis erT-erTi saxis – gafrTxilebis aRsrulebis wesi. dadgenileba gafrTxilebis saxiT administraciuli saxdelis dadebis Taobaze aRsruldeba dadgenilebis gamomtani organos (Tanamdebobis piris)37 mier dadgenilebis sajarod wakiTxviT saqmis ganxilvis damTavrebis Semdeg. gafrTxilebis, rogorc administraciuli saxdelis Tavisebureba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom igi sajarod unda iqnes gamocxadebuli. dauSvebelia samarTaldamrRvevs dadgenileba gafrTxilebis Sesaxeb gamoecxados saidumlod an gaegzavnos gamoucxadeblad, fostis meSveobiT, radgan aseT SemTxvevaSi gafrTxileba kargavs mis mizans da sajaro xasiaTs. rac Seexeba iseT SemTxvevebs, rodesac saqme ixileba samarTaldamrRvevis dauswreblad da gamoitaneba dadgenileba gafrTxilebis Sesaxeb, aseT viTarebaSi dadgenilebis asli dauyovnebliv (maqsimum 3 dRis vadaSi) bardeba samarTaldarRvevis Camden pirs da amasTan, bardeba sajarod, xelwerilis CamorTmevis gziT. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze gamotanili dadgenilebis aRsrulebis problematika dakavSirebulia am saxis saqmeTa TaviseburebebTan da swored amiTaa ganpirobebuli. iseve, rogorc calkeul administraciul saxdels, maTi aRsrulebis normebsac Taviseburebebi axasiaTebs sakuTriv saxdelis Sinaarsis, simZimis da sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis gaTvaliswinebiT. upiratesad swored aRniSnuliTaa gamowveuli administraciuli patimrobis Taobaze gamotanili dadgenilebis dauyovnebeli aRsrulebis aucilebloba da mas gasaCivrebac ki ver aCerebs. jarimis SemTxvevaSi ki samarTaldamrRvevis nebazea damokidebuli dadgenilebis iZulebiTi wesiT aRsasruleblad miqcevis sakiTxi. konkretulad dadgenilebaTa aRsrulebis problematikas rac Seexeba, praqtikuli mimoxilvis gaTvaliswinebiT, masSi moiazreba dadgenilebebis gaurkveveli da bundovani sarezolucio nawilebi, romelTa safuZvelzec Znelia dadgena, Tu ra saxis saxdelia gamoyenebuli (Sefardebuli saxdelis bundovani saxe, rodesac araa zedmiwevniT gamokveTili, Tu ra saxis saxdeli (norma) gamoiyena sasamarTlom), Tu vis mimarTaa gamoyenebuli ama Tu im saxdelis saxe (samarTaldamrRvevis pirovnebisa da vinaobis damadasturebeli rekvizitebis miuTiTebloba, aRreva an arasruli miTiTeba), aqvs Tu

36 saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 287-e muxlis Tanaxmad, sasamarTlo valdebulia, dajarimebis Taobaze gamotanili dadgenilebis asli droulad gaugzavnos an Caabaros samarTaldamrRvevs. 37 Cvens SemTxvevaSi - mosamarTlis

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ara samarTaldamrRvevs dadgenilebis gasaCivrebis ufleba (SemTxvevebi, rodesac, erTi mxriv, dadgenilebis samotivacio nawilSi saubaria misi gasaCivrebis vadasa da wesze, xolo, meore mxriv, dadgenilebis sarezolucio nawilSi vxvdebiT miTiTebas imis Taobaze, rom dadgenileba sabolooa da gasaCivrebas aRar eqvemdebareba) da a.S. yvela zemoTaRniSnul da sxva SemTxvevaSic, dadgenilebis aRsrulebis Seferxebis da misTvis xelovnurad Seqmnili xelSeSlis gamo, xSiria SemTxvevebi, rodesac sasamarTlos uwevs dadgenilebebSi daSvebul uswrobaTa gadaxedva da Sesworeba, rasac damatebiTi dro miaqvs da Sesabamisad, dadgenilebaTa aRsrulebac Wianurdeba, amis safuZvelze ki warmoiSoba mravali Tanamdevi wvrilmani problema, rac jamSi dadgenilebis aRsrulebis zogad problematikas qmnis. yovelive aRniSnulis Tavidan asacileblad ki mivdivarT erTaderT gamosavalTan – saqmis garemoebebis yovelmxriv Seswavlasa da gamokvlevasTan, ris safuZvelzec sasamarTlos gamoaqvs detaluri, gamarTuli da samarTaldarRvevis simZimis, Sinaarsisa da sazogadoebrivi saSiSroebis xasiaTis adeqvaturi aRsrulebadi dadgenileba. Tavi V. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis warmoeba sazRvargareTis qveynebis kanonmdeblobis mixedviT (SedarebiT-samarTlebrivi analizi) administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis warmoebis TaviseburebaTa kvlevisas mniSvnelovania imis garkveva, Tu ras moicavs Tavad administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis cneba, Tu rogoraa igi gansazRvruli sxvadasxva qveynebis kanonmdeblobiT da ra procesualuri Tu Sinaarsobrivi gansxvavebebi ikveTeba administraciul samarTaldarRvevebsa da sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulTa Semadgenlobebs Soris. aRniSnuli sakiTxis kvlevisas internet-resursebis gamoyenebiT moZiebul iqna ramodenime statia, romelic ZiriTadad efuZneba amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis praqtikas samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis warmoebis kuTxiT. maTSi ZiriTadad yuradReba gamaxvilebulia sazogadoebrivi wesrigisa da moralis winaaRmdeg mimarTul samarTaldarRvevebze, aseve gamoyofilia samarTaldarRvevaTa ZiriTadi da yvelaze metad gavrcelebuli saxeebi. ganvixiloT TiToeuli maTgani:

I. Ewan McConnell - Common Examples of Misdemeanor Offenses - evan makkoneli – samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis ZiriTadi magaliTebi38

38 http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Euan_McConnel

http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Euan_McConnel

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statia exeba aSS-Si gavrcelebul samarTaldarRvevaTa saxeebs, romelTaganac avtori gamoyofs xuT ZiriTad mimarTulebas. avtoris ganmartebiT, samarTaldarRvevebs amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi warmoadgens naklebad mZime xasiaTis kriminaluri qmedeba, romelic iTvaliswinebs SedarebiT msubuq sasjels, rac ZiriTadad gamoixateba jarimaSi, sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo SromaSi da maqsimum 12 TviT Tavisuflebis aRkveTaSi administraciuli patimrobis saxiT. Tavad samarTaldarRvevebi iyofian kategoriebad, romelTaganac mZime kategorias miekuTvneba swored is gadacdomebi, romelTa Cadenis SemTxvevaSi patimrobaa gaTvaliswinebuli, Tumca avtori miuTiTebs, rom administraciuli patimrobis cneba gansxvavdeba sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulis CadenisTvis Sefardebuli Tavisuflebis aRkveTisagan, vinaidan administraciul patimrobaSefardebuli piri mxolod garkveuli vadiT iTvleba samarTaldamrRvevad da aRniSnulma sasjelma SesaZloa mxolod misi reputaciis Selaxva gamoiwvios Sedegad da xeli SeuSalos samomavlo profesiul ganviTarebasa Tu karierul winsvlaSi. aseve zogierT SemTxvevaSi, Tu samarTaldamrRvevi specialuri licenziiT sargeblobs (aris mZRoli, mexanZre da a.S.), patimrobam da zogadad, mis mier samarTaldarRvevis Cadenam, SesaZloa aRniSnuli specialuri uflebis (licenziis) CamorTmeva gamoiwvios rogorc droebiT, ise samudamod. rac Seexeba samarTaldarRvevaTa kategoriebs, mas avtori Semdegnairad ayalibebs: 1. wvrilmani qurdoba – igulisxmeba 500 aSS dolarze naklebi Rirebulebis saqonlis qurdoba (gavrcelebulia vaSingtonis, los anjelesisa da kaliforniis StatebSi) 2. sazogadobisTvis saSiSi qmedeba – aRniSnulSi Sedis alkoholisa da narkotikuli saSualebebis kanonis darRveviT, licenziis gareSe gavrceleba, aseve virusisa da epidemiis ganzrax da daudevrobiT gavrceleba. 3. sajaro moxelisadmi daumorCilebloba – igulismeba ZiriTadad policiis muSakebze Zaladoba, winaaRmdegobis gaweva, fizikuri da sityvieri Seuracxyofis miyeneba. Tumca aRsaniSnavia, rom aSS-s kanonmdeblobiT mocemuli Semadgenloba ar exeba policiis muSakis daSavebis ganzraxvas da am Sedegis dadgomas. 4. sazRvris darRveva – Statebs Soris sazRvris darRveva kanonieri safuZvlis gareSe, sazRvris ukanonod gadalaxva, amkrZalavi niSnebisadmi daumorCilebloba. 5. wvrilmani xulignoba – yvelaze moculobiTi Semadgeloba aqvs da Sesabamisad, yvelaze gavrcelebul samarTaldarRvevas warmoadgens. igiGgulisxmobs sazogadoebrivi wesrigis darRvevas sxvadasxva gamovlinebiT: yvirili, gineba, Cxubi, uxamsobis gamoxatva, upativcemlobis gamoxatva sazogadoebis mimarT da a.S.

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II. Crimes Against Morality and Public Society (Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 38: 87-103) – moralisa da sazogadoebrivi wesrigis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli danaSaulebi, Jurnali janmrTeloba da sazogadoebisaTvis misaRebi qceva, 38:87-10339 aRniSnuli statia exeba amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis teritoriaze gavrcelebul sazogadoebrivi wesrigis winaaRmdeg mimarTul samarTaldarRvevaTa kategorias da detalurad ganixilavs maT. sazogadoebrivi wesrigis darRveva gulisxmobs: sazogadoebrivi TavSeyris adgilebSi aurzauris atexvas, Tavyrilobas ukanono qmedebis gazraxviT, bunts, sazogadoebrivi simSvidis darRvevas Cxubis, yvirilis, Seuracxmyofeli sityvebiT ginebis, ukanono Sekrebebisa da msvelobebis gziT. sazogadoebrivi wesrigis darRvevis saxea aseve uxamsi gamovlinebebi, rac moicavs nudizms, prostitucias (im StatebSic ki, sadac es ukanaskneli legalizebulia), arasrulwlovanTa sqesobriv kavSirs da a.S. aRsaniSnavia, rom amave kategoriaSi samarTaldarRvevis saxiT Sedis iseTi qmedebebi, rogoricaa mawanwaloba, maTxovroba, cxovelebis wameba da arahumanuri mopyroba, saflavebis wabilwva, sazogadoebrivi TavSeyris adgilebSi Zili da kulturuli Zeglebis Seuracxyofa (maTze warwerebis da naxatebis datanebis gziT). sazogadoebrivi wesrigis darRvevis kategoriaSi amerikis zogierTi Statis kanonmdebloba moiazrebs aseve zneobis winaaRmdeg mimarTul qmedebebs, sadac, marTalia, qmedebis subieqti konkretulad zians aravis ayenebs, magram misi qmedeba Seuracxmyofelad aRiqmeba sazogadoebis mxridan. aRniSnuli saxis samarTaldarRvevebi ZiriTadad ori mimarTulebisaa da exeba qorwinebis wesebisa da piradi cxovrebis moraluri wesebis darRvevas, rac gamoxatulebas poulobs or (da met) colianobaSi, erTsqesian qorwinebebSi, qorwinebisgareSe kavSirebsa da qorwinebaSi myofi piris mier Ralatis CadenaSi da a.S. III. Stephen Harris - Special Misdemeanor Offenses (Kiva Microfinance) – stefan harisi, gansakuTrebuli saxis samarTaldarRvevebi40 statia exeba gansakuTrebiT mZime samarTaldarRvevaTa saxeebs da maTze gamoyenebul saxdelebs. statiaSi dakonkretebiT ar aris im samarTaldarRvevaTa CamonaTvali, razec saxdelis saxiT patimroba gamoiyeneba, magram Tavad sasjelis zoma mianiSnebs, rom isini seriozul qmedebebs warmoadgens da xSirad maTi Semadgenlobis sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulis Semadgenlobisgan gansxvavebac sirTules warmoadgens. mniSvnelovania, rom avtoris ganmartebiT, Statebis umetesobaSi msgavsi saxis danaSaulebze ori saxdelic ki

39 Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 38: 87-103, http://hsb.sagepub.com/ 40 www.kiva.org

http://hsb.sagepub.com/

http://www.kiva.org/

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gamoiyeneba: patimroba (romlis vadac 3-dan 10 wlamde meryeobs) da jarima (qonebrivi saxis gadacdomebze – sauravic). aseve gansxvavebulia aRniSnuli kategoriis samarTaldarRvevaTa Sedegebic SedarebiT msubuqi saxis samarTaldarRvevaTa Sedegebisgan da Tu am ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi mxolod reputaciis SesaZlo Selaxvas gulisxmobs, mZime kategoriis samarTaldarRvevis Cadenisas Sedegi SesaZloa iyos is, rom samarTaldamrRvevs aRniSnuli statusi gauqarwyldes im vadis gasvlis Semdeg, ra vadaSic igi saxdeldadebulad iTvleboda (mag: Tu pirs hqonda administraciuli patimroba Sefardebuli 3 wlis vadiT, mas samarTaldamrRvevis statusi gauqarwyldeba saxdelis moxdidan 3 wlis gasvlis Semdgom). aRniSnuli ki gacilebiT mZime Sedegebis momtani SeiZleba iyos pirisTvis karieruli da piradi winsvlis TvalsazrisiT. garda amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis praqtikisa samarTaldarRvevebTan dakavSirebiT, mniSvnelovania aseve sazRvargareTis sxva qveynebis samarTlis normebis mimoxilva administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqmeTa warmoebis kuTxiT. yvelaze did interess am mxriv iwvevs yofili sabWoTa respublikis – estoneTis kanonmdebloba, romelmac administraciuli samarTaldarRvevaTa deliqtebi sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobis sferoSi asaxa da am ukanasknelis principebs dauqvemdebara. erTi mxriv, administraciuli gadacdomebis amgvari dajgufeba ufro TvalsaCinoa maTi sisxlissamarTlebrivi danaSaulisgan gamijvnis TvalsazrisiT (vinaidan estoneTis sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobaSi administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebi calke Tavadaa gamoyofili)41, Tumca, meore mxriv, Cndeba mravali kiTxva imis Taobaze, Tu ramdenad gamarTlebuli da mizanSewonilia administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsSi warmodgenili gadacdomebis mTlianad sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis rangSi ayvana maSin, rodesac maTi Sinaarsidan aSkarad ar ikveTeba kriminaluri buneba wminda samarTlebrivi gagebiT. estoneTis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis mixedviT administraciuli gadacdomebisTvis saxdelis dadeba xdeba sasamarTlos (mosamarTlis) mier, saxdels ki warmoadgens jarima, romelic ar unda iyos Sromis minimaluri anazRaurebis odenobaze naklebi (60 kroni) da araumetesi 5000 kronisa; da administraciuli patimroba, romlis maqsimaluri vada 30 dRes Seadgens. germanul samarTlis sistemaSi administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebisaTvis moqmedebs erTiani kanoni sakmaod rTuli struqturiT. Tavisi SinaarsiT igi umeteswilad sisxlissamarTlebriv aqts warmoadgens, Tumca mniSvnelovani gansxvavebebic axasiaTebs: masSi gaTvaliswinebuli wesebis darRvevisaTvis fizikuri pirebis pasuxismgeblobasTan erTad dadgenilia iuridiuli pirebis pasuxismgeblobac da am ukanasknelis Taobaze kanoniT dadgenilia administraciul organosa da sasamarTloSi saqmis warmoebis wesebi.

41 estoneTis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, meore ganyofileba, §47-48.

http://legislationline.org/documents/section/criminal-codes/country/33


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kanonSi aseve calkea gansazRvruli im saqciebis saxeebi, romlebic iuridiuli pirebis mimarT SeiZleba iqnas gamoyenebuli. aRniSnuli sakanonmdeblo aqtis Taviseburebas warmoadgens isic, rom masSi reglamentirebulia administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqmeTa warmoebisaTvis aucileblad gasaTvaliswinebeli TiTqmis yvela sakiTxi, maT Soris, miRebuli gadawyvetilebis gasaCivrebis, gaprotestebis da aRsrulebis Sesaxeb, aseve – saxdelSefardebul pirTa mareabilitirebeli RonisZiebebis Taobazec. Tavad samarTaldarRvevebis warmoeba ki germaniis federalur sasamarTloebSi mimdinareobs da ganixileba samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis adgilis mixedviT adgilobrivi (Land) sasamarTloebis mier. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqmeebs, romlebzec gaTavliswinebulia SedarebiT msubuqi pasuxismgeblobis zoma (jarima), ixilavs erTi mosamarTle erTpirovnulad, xolo SedarebiT mZime xasiaTis samarTaldarRvevis saqmeebisaTis SesaZloa dadgenil iqnes sami mosamarTlis SemadgenlobiT saqmis ganxilvis aucilebloba. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze gamotanili gadawyvetileba saCivrdeba federalur saapelacio sasamarTloebSi, romelic am kategoriis saqmeebis ganxilvisaTvis bolo instancias warmoadgens da maT mier administraciuli gadacdomis saqmeze miRebuli gadawyvetileba sabolooa da aRar saCivrdeba.42 martivadaa mowesrigebuli kanonmdebloba administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa Sesaxeb espaneTSi. espanuri kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis ganxilva swrafi da martivi warmoebis gziT xorcieldeba. administraciuli saxdelis Sefardeba administraciuli organoebis kompetenciaa da aRniSnuli sasamarTlos prerogativas warmoadgens mxolod administraciuli organoebis mier gamocemuli gadawyvetilebis gasaCivrebis SemTxvevaSi. aRniSnuli kategoriis saqmeebs ixilaves pirveli instanciis sasamarTloebi, samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis adgilis mixedviT, Ria sasamarTlo sxdomaze. mtkicebis tvirTi administraciuli organos Tanamdebobis pirebs ekisrebaT, romelTac `sajaro bralmdeblebs” uwodeben (fiscal)43. sasamarTlo procesebi mimdinareobs yvela saproceso stadiis dacviT da masze gamoucxadebloba sxdomis gadadebis upirobo safuZvels warmoadgens. mocemuli statiebisa da internet-resursebis ganxilvisas irkveva, rom administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa roli sakmaod didia samarTlebrivi qveynis CamoyalibebisaTvis. maTi kanonismieri regulireba mniSvnelovania imdenad, ramdenadac wvrilmani darRvevebis aRmofxvriT saxelmwifo ebrZvis seriozuli danaSaulis Cadenis sawyiss, miTumetes maSin, rodesac samarTlebriv praqtikaze dakvirveba gvaCvenebs, rom administraciul gadacdomasa da sisxlis

42http://www.mongabay.com/history/germany/germany-

incidence_of_crime_and_incarceration_criminal_justice.html 43http://iabogado.com/guia-legal/ante-la-justicia-penal/la-partes-en-el-proceso-

penal/lang/en#17020200000000

http://www.mongabay.com/history/germany/germany-incidence_of_crime_and_incarceration_criminal_justice.html


http://iabogado.com/guia-legal/ante-la-justicia-penal/la-partes-en-el-proceso-penal/lang/en#17020200000000


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samarTlis danaSaulis Semadgenlobas Soris xSirad Zalian mcire detalebSia gansxvaveba da saqarTvelos magaliTze, Tu gadacdoma mxolod jarimis dakisrebiT dasjadobas gulisxmobs, ganmeorebiT erTi wlis manZilze imave saxis gadacdomis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi ukve saqme sisxlis samarTlis sasamarTlos gansjadi xdeba da kvalifikaciis miniWebis Semdgom Sesabamisi sasjelis Sefardebas gulisxmobs. 44

daskvna rogorc davinaxeT, administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis samarTalwarmoebisas gamovlenili Taviseburebebisa da problemebis odenoba sakmaod vrcelia da maTi gadaWra-gaTvaliswineba uaRresad did praqtikul mniSvnelobas iZens. winamdebare naSromiT namdvilad ar amoiwureba am da sxva problemebisa da Taviseburebebis Seswavla, Tumca Sevecade, iuridiuli literaturisa da praqtikis, sakanonmdeblo da normatiuli masalebis ganxilvis safuZvelze detalurad warmomeCina da SeZlebisdagvarad gadameWra samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze gamovlenili aqtualuri sakiTxebi. naSromis kvlevisas dadginda, rom upirvelesi da yvelaze mniSvnelovani problema samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis ganxilvisas maTi sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulisagan gamijvnis kuTxiT warmoCindeba, rac garkveulwilad gamowveulia administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobis mouwesrigebeli struqturiT da moZvelebuli redaqciiT (miuxedavad ganxorcielebuli mravali cvlilebisa). aRniSnuli problemis gadaWris dResdReobiT arsebuli erTaderTi realuri gza samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis samarTalwarmoebisas (da warmoebisas) maTi ganmxilveli organoebisa da Tanamdebobis pirebis profesionalizmze da kvalifikaciaze gadis im kuTxiT, rom swored maT ekisrebaT valdebuleba yovelmxriv Seiswavlon da gamoikvlion saqme, ar gamorCeT arc erTi detali, rac SesaZloa administraciuli gadacdomisa da sisxlis samarTlis danaSualis gamijvnas exebodes, zedmiwevniT zustad daadginon faqtobrivi garemoebani, moiZion da Seiswavlon maTi damadasturebeli mtkicebulebani, imsjelon administraciuli gadacdomisa da sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulis saerTo elementebze da Seadaron isini erTmaneTs konkretuli saqmis masalebis magaliTze, gamoarkvion, mocemul saqmeze aris Tu ara samarTlis am ori dargis qvemdebare darRvevebis aRrevis saSiSroeba da Tu es ukanaskneli dadgindeba – upirvelesyovlisa, yuradReba miaqcion gadacdomis obieqtur kriteriums, moaxdinon faqtobriv garemoebaTa swori Sefaseba da mis safuZvelze uzrunvelyon qmedebis swori kvalifikacia.

44 ix. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 45-e muxlisa da saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 273-e muxlis urTierTmimarTeba.

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zemoTaRniSnuli problemis gamomwvevi erT-erTi mizezi – administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kanonmdeblobis moZvelebuli iersaxe - Taviseburad problematur sakiTxs warmoadgens administraciuli gadacdomebis saqmeebis ganxilvasTan dakavSirebiT. dResdReobiT moqmedi kanonmdeblobis ZiriTad wyaros 1984 wels miRebuli administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi warmoadgens, romelic socialisturi samarTalSemoqmedebis TvalsaCino da standartuli magaliTia, misi Sinaarsi dakavSirebulia masSi asaxul iseT principebTan, normebTan Tu institutebTan, romlebic wminda sisxlissamarTlebrivi xasiaTisaa, Tumca kodeqsSi gvxvdeba iseTi normebic, romlebic Tavisi arsiT mxolod administraciuli samarTlis dargs miekuTvneba. miuxedavad administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis mravalgzis gadaxedvisa da masSi cvlilebebis Setanisa, dRemde mainc ver iqna miRweuli misi TanamedroveobasTan morgeba, rac aRmofxvrida yvela zemoTCamoTvlil xarvezs da kodeqsi iseTi normebiT gajerdeboda, romlebic aucilebelia administraciul organoebsa Tu sasamarTloSi administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmis warmoebis srulfasovani ganxorcielebisaTvis. xsenebuli problemis Tavidan acilebis gza, rogorc aRiniSna, kanonmdeblobis safuZvlian gadaxedvaSi mdgomareobs, am miznisTvis ki mniSvnelovania, axal kanonmdeblobaSi asaxva hpovos Semdegma aspeqtebma: samarTadarRvevisa da sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulisTvis damaxasiaTebeli saerTo niSnebi mkacrad gaimijnos erTmaneTisagan da aRrevis saSiSroebis winaSe mdgomi normebi Camoyalibdes garkveulad, araorazrovani da mkafio formiT, aseve - daerTos maT SeniSvnebi, romlebSic aisaxeba gamijvnis kriteriumebi da debulebani darRvevis administraciul gadacdomad kvalifikaciisaTvis aucilebeli miTiTebebis Semcveli iqneba. garda amisa, sasurvelia axalma kanonmdeblobam upasuxos Tanamedroveobis ZiriTad amocanebs, gaiziaros samarTlebrivi saxelmwifosTvis damaxasiaTebeli principebi da gajerdes iuridiul mecnierebasa da praqtikaSi maqsimalurad gamoyenebadi da darRvevisaTvis adeqvaturi saxdelis saxeebiT. kidev erT mniSvnelovan problemas samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis warmoebis kuTxiT warmoadgens aseT saqmeebze gamotanili dadgenilebis aRsrulebis sakiTxi. marTalia, dadgenilebis aRsruleba warmoebis stadiaa, magram mas sasamarTloSi saqmis samarTalwarmoebasTanac aqvs mWidro kavSiri, rac, rogorc ukve aRiniSna, mdgomareobs sasamarTlos rolSi dadgenilebis aRsrulebasTan dakavSirebiT. ganmeorebiT gavamaxvileb yuradRebas dadgenilebis aRsrulebasTan dakavSirebul problematur sakiTxebze da mivuTiTeb, rom es ukanaskneli moicavs dadgenilebebis gaurkvevel da bundovan sarezolucio nawilebs, romelTa safuZvelzec Znelia dadgena, Tu ra saxis saxdelia gamoyenebuli, Tu vis mimarTaa gamoyenebuli ama Tu im saxdelis saxe, aqvs Tu ara samarTaldamrRvevs dadgenilebis gasaCivrebis ufleba da a.S. yovelive aRniSnulis Tavidan asacileblad ki mivdivarT erTaderT, ukve mravaljer ganxilul gamosavalTan – saqmis garemoebebis yovelmxriv Seswavlasa

52

da gamokvlevasTan, ris safuZvelzec sasamarTlos gamoaqvs amomwuravi, gamarTuli da samarTaldarRvevis simZimis Sesabamisi aRsrulebadi dadgenileba. administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebis ganxilvis Taviseburebebis da wamoWrili problematikis kvleva uaRresad aqtualur mniSvnelobas iZens mocemul etapze. saqarTveloSi dResdReobiT mimdinare sazogadoebriv-politikuri da socialuri cvlilebebis fonze didi yuradReba eqceva samarTaldarRvevaTa saqmeebze warmoebis ganxorcielebas samarTlebrivad swor, humanur da demokratiul sawyisebze. Sesabamisad, aucilebelia aRniSnulma asaxva hpovos rogorc Teoriul, aseve praqtikul doneze samarTlebrivi reglamentaciis kuTxiT. administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis saqmeTa ganxilva da warmoeba permanentul kvlevas moiTxovs da vfiqrob, winamdebare naSromi mokrZalebulad exmianeba gamovlenili problemebis aRmofxvris saSualebebs.

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naSromSi gamoyenebuli abreviaturebis nusxa:

gv. _ gverdi; ix. _ ixile; Sead. _ Seadare; mag. – magaliTad; a.S. – ase Semdeg; e.w. – egred wodebuli; sask – saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi; sssk – saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi; da sxv. – da sxva;

54

bibliografia:

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Tbilisis universitetis gamomcemloba, Tbilisi, 1995; 2. maka salxinaSvili, tariel WinWarauli, àdministraciuli

saxdelebi”, gamomcemloba `meridiani”, Tbilisi, 2010; 3. saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo, `praqtikuli rekomendaciebi

administraciul saproceso samarTlis sakiTxebze magistrati mosamarTlisaTvis”, Tbilisi, 2010;

4. m. salxinaSvili, v. loria, àdministraciuli saxdelebi da maTi gamoyeneba”, Tbilisi, 2000;

5. givi inwkirveli, saxelmwifosa da samarTlis Teoria, Tbilisi, 2000w.;

6. Административное право зарубежных стран, под редакций Козырина А .Н.М. 2005.; 7. Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 38: 87-103, (amoRebulia internet-gverdidan -

http://hsb.sagepub.com/ 25.08.2011w.)

aqtualuri gamocemebi: 1. maka salxinaSvili, àdministraciuli samarTaldarRveva da

pasuxismgebloba”, Jurnali “marTlmsajuleba da kanoni”, #2, 2008w.; 2. maka salxinaSvili, nikoloz SublaZe, àdministraciuli

samarTaldarRvevis saqmeebze gamotanili dadgenilebis (gankargulebis) gasaCivrebis Taviseburebani”, Jurnali `marTlmsajuleba”, #2, 2008w.;

3. qeTevan cxadaZe, àdministraciuli gadacdoma da misi gamijvna sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulisagan”, Jurnali `marTlmsajuleba”, #2, 2008w.

normatuli aqtebi: 1. saqarTvelos konstitucia, 24 agvisto, 1995w.; 2. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi, 1984w.; 3. saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsi, 1999w.; 4. saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsi, 1999w.; 5. saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis

proeqti; 6. saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, 1000w.; 7. saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi, 1997w.; 8. saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi, 1997w.; 9. saqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsi, 1997w.; 10. saqarTvelos kanoni `moqalaqeobis Sesaxeb”, 1993w.;


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11. saqarTvelos kanoni `ucxoelTa samarTlebrivi mdgomareobis Sesaxeb”, 2005w.;

12. saqarTvelos kanoni `saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb”, 1997w.;, 13. `dedaqalaqSi dagva-dasufTavebis, narCenebis marTvis, operatoris

SerCevisa da q. Tbilisis TviTmmarTveli erTeulis sakuTrebaSi arsebuli narCenis gankargvis wesis” damtkicebis Taobaze q. Tbilisis mTavrobis #16.08.651 dadgenileba, q. Tbilisi, 27 ivnisi, 2011w.;

14. saqarTvelos kanoni `saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb”, 1999w.

sasamarTlo praqtikis masalebi: 1. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa kolegiis

2011 wlis 16 aprilis saqme #4/2396-11; 2. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa kolegiis

2011 wlis 16 ivnisis saqme #4/3624-11.

internet-resursebi: 1. http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Euan_McConnel (amoRebulia 25.08.2011w.); 2. http://hsb.sagepub.com/ (amoRebulia 25.08.2011w.); 3. www.kiva.org (amoRebulia 25.08.2011w.); 4. http://legislationline.org/documents/section/criminal-codes/country/33

(amoRebulia 25.08.2011w.); 5. http://www.mongabay.com/history/germany/germany-

incidence_of_crime_and_incarceration_criminal_justice.html (amoRebulia 25.08.2011w.);

6. http://iabogado.com/guia-legal/ante-la-justicia-penal/la-partes-en-el-proceso-penal/lang/en#17020200000000 (amoRebulia 25.08.2011w.).

http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Euan_McConnel


http://www.kiva.org/






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dadastureba naSromis originalobis Sesaxeb

ნაშრომი შესრულებულია ჩემს მიერ, არ გამომიყენებია ლიტერატურა

სათანადo მითითებების გარეშე და ვაცნობიერებ სიყალბის გამოვლენის

შემთხვევაში ჩემი შედეგის ბათილად ცნობისა და შესაბამისი

პროგრამიდან აღდგენის უფლების გარეშე გარიცხვის რეალობას.

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