4-Vertical Multiphase Flow

8/19/2019 4-Vertical Multiphase Flow

1/23


2/23

Vertical Multiphase Flow


3/23

(ressure Loss in Incline! (ipe

∆ Z

∆ P

θ

h

After Brown, Technology of Artificial Lift Methods, Vol 4, p. 71


4/23

(ressure Loss )omponents

dZ

dv

g

v

d g

v f

g

g

dZ

dP m

c

mm

c

mmmm

ctot

ρ ρ θ ρ ++=

2sin

2

"levation

Friction

*cceleration


5/23

Liui! +ol!up

V$

VL

g L

L L

V V

V H

+≡

( ) g L L Lm H H ρ ρ ρ −+= 1


6/23

,ubin$ )urve

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

(ro!uction rate- &,/D

F l o w

i n $ b o t t o m h o l e p

r e s s u r e - p s i

,ubin$ )urve


7/23

0ellbore )orrelations for Oil

"arl "mpirical Mo!els• Develope! primaril from !ata on hi$h flow

rate wells

• *ssume eual $as an! oil velocities• Mo!if Fannin$ friction factor to a$ree with

multiphase flow !ata

• (oettman an! )arpenter 1'24• a#en!ell an! ,homas 1514

• Fancher an! rown 1534


8/23

(oettman an! )arpenter

• (ublishe! in 1'2

• ase! on fiel! !ata from % wells

– 3% flowin$ wells- 1' $as6lift wells

• ,ubin$ si7e8 2 3/9: an! 2 ;/9: OD

• ,otal liui! rate8 3


9/23

a#en!ell an! ,homas

• (ublishe! in 151

• "#ten!e! (>) to hi$her flow rates

• ase! on !ata from li$ht6oil test well in

Vene7uela

• ,ubin$ si7e8 2 ;/9: an! 3 1/2: OD

• Flow rates8 1;5 6 '


10/23

Fancher an! rown


• "#ten!e! (>) to lower flow rates an!

hi$her =L?@s• ase! on !ata from 9


11/23


=enerali7e! "mpirical Mo!els• ase! on !imensional analsis b Duns

an! ?os

• Duns an! ?os 1534

• +a$e!orn an! rown 1534

• OrAis7ewsAi 15;4

• e$$s an! rill 1;34

• MuAherjee an! rill 1934


12/23

Duns an! ?os


• I!entifie! 1< !imensionless $roups

• &electe! % as important in multiphase

flow base! on e#tensive e#perimental

!ata

• Define! Bliui! hol!up:


13/23

+a$e!orn an! rown


• 0i!el accepte! throu$hout in!ustr

• ase! on !ata from 1'


14/23


15/23

e$$s an! rill

• (ublishe! in 1;3

• ase! on e#perimental !ata from

incline!


16/23

MuAherjee an! rill


• ase! on !ata from 1 1/2: ID incline!

pipe• Develope! three separate correlations

– Ephill an! hori7ontal flow

– Downhill stratifie! flow

– Other !ownhill flow re$imes


17/23


Mechanistic Mo!els• *ttempt to pre!ict pressure !rop b

incorporatin$ all important variables an!

ri$orous !escription of phsicalprocesses

• MO* 1954

• &lvester > Gao 19;4• *nsari 19;4


18/23


19/23

0ellbore )orrelations

Low =L? =as 0ells• =ra 1;%4

– 0et $ases- $as con!ensates

• ?os an! =ra 1514

• Oil well correlations ma also be useful

– Duns an! ?os 1534

– +a$e!orn an! rown 1534


20/23

)ritical ?ate ,o Lift Liui!

• Most $as wells pro!uce some liui!s

• Liui!s ma be

– Vapori7e! in reservoir $as

– Free liui! in reservoir

• Liui!s will accumulate if not lifte! to surface

• *ccumulate! liui!s will re!uce pro!uctivit

• For a $iven set of con!itions- there is a

minimum flow rate to lift liui!s


21/23


22/23

)ritical Velocit

( )[ ]

−= 21

4141

912.1

g

g Lt v

ρ ρ ρ σ


23/23

)ritical ?ate

Tz A pvq t c !"!=

4-Vertical Multiphase Flow

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