3G Indoor Outdoor Coverage Planning

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24 ～ 28 号

3G Indoor/Outdoor Coverage Solution

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24 ～ 28 号

Key Points of Coordinating Coverage ofKey Points of Coordinating Coverage ofIndoor & outdoorIndoor & outdoor

Key Points of Coordinating Coverage ofKey Points of Coordinating Coverage of Indoor & outdoorIndoor & outdoor

Cases of Coordinating Coverage of Indoor Cases of Coordinating Coverage of Indoor &outdoor&outdoor




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3

Indoor data service is the main source of advancing income

The show of DoCoMo statistics, the use value of

3G Indoor service is 70%, and that most is new

feature 3G service.

The data service can advance ARPU and make

up voice ARPU decrease

Data service is main power of advancing ARPU

that Operator develop differentiation.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2006 2008

Total ARPU Voi ce ARPU Data ARPU

Sta

tistic

s o

f E

uro

pe

op

era

tor

inco

me

（b

illio

nU

S$

)

Source: Yankee Group

use scene classification of movable termination

Source: NTT DoCoMo statistics

NTT DoCoMo has

begun to increase

build indoor coverage

from 2004, Close

2006, indoor site

occupy 23% with

total ,and that

continuous to expand



4

Indoor coverage is very important for network performance

PingPang effect （ Middile ）

Fade zone,Poor coverage area(elevator, basement)

Network busy(Shopping Mall 、 Exhibition Center)

solitary island effect （ TOP ）

Coverage side ： It make much pass loss of radio wave to form poor

coverage even fade zone because of screen and absorb with building.

Capacity side ， Building as shopping mall, exhibition center happened

radio channel congestion because of high mobile phone useful density that

part of network capacity can not satisfied with useful

Quality side: The building high level space is easy to existing interfere,

signal of service cell is not stable and appear ”PingPang effect” ,voice quality

could not be assure and appear call drop.



5

The perfect indoor coverage is the key of 3G network structure.

There is much pass loss with the high frequency of

3G. The much penetrate loss make the Marco outdoor

site not provide full radio coverage at indoor.

Much more services happen with indoor, involve

voice and data service. The perfect indoor coverage is

useful to raise network capacity

Voice is main service at 2G period, it

use wide coverage plot to solve the

problem about coverage and capacity

coverage

coverage

Capacity

Capacity

coverage

coverage

capacity

capacity quatity

quatity

2Gperiod

3Gperiod

Perfect indoor coverage is the key of network built from thinking about coverage and capacityPerfect indoor coverage is the key of network built from thinking about coverage and capacityPerfect indoor coverage is the key of network built from thinking about coverage and capacityPerfect indoor coverage is the key of network built from thinking about coverage and capacity



6

The property analysis of 3G indoor/outdoor same coverage

discrete distribution

Signal interfere and leak

Same indoor distributed system

Traffic share

smooth interim

Same network with indoor and outdoor, share Same network with indoor and outdoor, share

with the coverage and capacity of all network, with the coverage and capacity of all network,

same 2G indoor system, built 3G indoor system same 2G indoor system, built 3G indoor system

quicklyquickly



7

factor of 3G indoor coverage

Construction Construction

ConditionCondition

Wiring Condition

Electric Condition

Exterior Condition

Indoor signal qualityIndoor signal quality

Environment Interfere

User Feel （ power

consumptive ）

Risk of market expansion

Network mature changing

Smooth market expansion

capability

Costs to built and Costs to built and

maintainmaintain

Costs and quantity of

equipment

Power saving capability



24 ～ 28 号









9

Key Points of Coordinating Coverage Key Points of Coordinating Coverage of Indoor & outdoorof Indoor & outdoor

Outdoor signaling penetrates indoors

2/3G distributing system alternation

Indoor & outdoor Networking strategies

3G Multiple cells classification



10

Analysis of outdoor signaling penetrates indoors

When the site is built at the top of the building,the outdoor signal distribute character as follow ： The high level of signal coverage is stronger than lower level

The signal is much stronger close the window, it is to weaken quickly with penetrate deeply 。 The basement is better to separated, it belongs to fade zone with signal.

It should receive the stronger outdoor signal when the hall is glass top floor

The building of China Unicom in Shenzhen ， the signal distribute at 20 floor when the site is at top floor ：The area is 88.48% as the RSCP more than -85dBm.



11

Analysis of outdoor signaling penetrates indoors

When the site do not built at top floor that the building will be covered, it cover with outdoor

penetrates indoors from surrounding site signaling. because of the antenna height is

controlled by 30 meters, at the condition the building of being covered (as 30F building, no

site at top floor) signal distribute as follow

It is belongs to poor coverage that the area with close window of high floor (over 20F) ； It is wild with signal that the area with close window of middle floor （ 7-20F ） It is poor coverage close window at lower floor.

It is poor coverage and fade zone with another eara. ...

the area about strong signal that

outdoor signal form near the window Poor

coverage area

Fade zone about signal



12

Application suggestion of outdoor signaling penetrates indoors

WCDMA radio network is to be reflected in relativity at coverage, capacity, service quality. So we must think

about characteristic of outdoor signaling penetrates indoors to carry out suitable solution. Suggestion:

when it form stronger signal distribute with outdoor signaling penetrates indoors

When we pull into indoor signal to solve problem of poor indoor coverage, we suggestion to take

network deployment with same frequency, and it should strengthen indoor signal pointed at poor

signal area. Such as: inhabitant subdistrict .

When we pull into indoor signal to solve problem of capacity , we suggestion building indoor system to

reduce capacity consume of indoor use to outdoor cell, and adopt network deployment with different

frequency to absorb traffic with indoor. Such as: main office building with good opening ,venue etc.

It is not enough coverage of outdoor signaling penetrates indoors . We suggestion adopting network

deployment with same frequency when pull into indoor coverage. It is satisfied with requirement of coverage

and capacity in effect, it can apply to area of good closure such as: tunnel, subway, some market.



13








14

The principle of 2G/3G indoor system change

It is less investment and fast built as same indoor

distribute system with 2G and 3G,

The total principle of 2G and 3G change ： It

ensure the original network can get coverage

requirement after change ,make the most of

original equipment, control change costs

The main style of indoor coverage built with

2G/3G change ： The difficulty of indoor

coverage built is to get engineering construction

permission. Though same indoor system with 2G

and 3G is the first solution for already finished 2G

indoor site.

GSM

WCDMA

DCS

Multifrequency mixer

WLAN

WLAN

Elevator

F1

F2

F14

...

F15



15

The method of 2G/3G indoor system change

It is ensure system separate and keep the every system signal loss balance when

Same indoor system ： It adopt plot of same or different frequency with effect of outdoor signaling

penetrates indoors

It use mixer of good performance for satisfied with 2G/3G isolation.,

It select suitable point combine with original 2G system feature, and do some

change if necessary. 。 It use optical fiber for RRU transmission to finish combine with 2G and 3G, it

should make up the high lose with WCDMA high frequency to ensure the wcdma

indoor coverage.

BBU+RRU is main signal source of 3G indoor system ： BBU is to concentrate to put

and RRU adopt optical fiber with zoom out to reduce feed loss. Multi-RRU technique

make the flexible with network deployment ,it can replace amplifier to ensure

network performance.



16

Power matching

The difference transmission and space loss of 2G/3G system

It need to think about the problem of power matching of system mix for

ensure get same coverage effect involve ： Power matching at antenna

WCDMA signal is much

10dB/1.5dB than GSM

900/1800 at space loss

need power matching with

antenna outlet combine with

brink density of field

Different frequency network

deployment is lower

requirement than same

frequency network deployment

power matching of signal source WCDMA system add 13.7dB loss relative GSM900M

WCDMA downlink frequency is 2.11-

2.17GHz ， 10dB, the frequency loss is about 10dB ； WCDMA add insert loss 1dB to adopt mixer with

same indoor system

Same feed with high frequency to add 2.7dB loss.



17

Signaling source combination- system interworking

GSMSource

Antenna system

WCDMA－GSMDouble frequency

mixer

WCDMA

source

The requirement analysis of prophase can get

requirement of 3G power configuration

It can use 2G system for small coverage or

single fabric non-source system.

It should adjust feeder, antenna number and

location if necessary.

Non-source system make up of coupler, feeder

antenna, spliter ；

be suitable with small coverage building ；

As a result of no source equipment trouble point,

so cause lower trouble rate ,not need

maintenance and easy to expand

use w

ith n

on-sou

rce system



18

Signaling source combination- system interworking-1

Source distributing system is to add repeaters and

coverage to passive distribution system

Source equipment can compensate signaling source loss

in the transmission and expand coverage range

Source system is usually applied to medium or large

indoor coverage system in 2G network

Source equipment will induce interference and rise floor

noise

Amplifier

3G is self-interfering system and it’s better not to use repeaters. Repeater shall not bring excessive noises to donor sites

Less than 1dB, uplink gain can be adjusted to achieve the balance of uplink and downlink of repeaters.

Large-power repeater not recommended 5W is best, 10W shall be carefully handled and 20W is forbidden. Small-power repeaters are not

suggested either

No cascading allowed Cascading of repeaters will result in deterioration of the uplink

Repeater used for compensation of coverage especially in lifts repeater not for capacity fulfilling

Ap

plication

p

rincip

les



19

Signaling source combination-system interworking -2

GSMSource

WCDMASource

WCDMA－GSMdual band combiner

Feeder system

WCDMA－GSMdualband combiner


GSMsource

WCDMAsource

Feeder system




Feeder system

Feeder system

The above shows adding a

dualband combiner to avoid

repetitive wiring.

Suitable for places away from

signaling source and where

wiring is difficult

The following shows the

construction of a new 3G indoor

coverage system, sharing the

passive part of the integral system

Suitable for places with high

coverage requirements and easy

wiring .



20

Passive devices alternation

2G source

combiner coupler

Power splitter

UMTSRRU

UMTSBBU

If the combiner is available, and WCDMA interface is preserved,

WCDMA signaling can directly into the combiner; if previous

combiner doesn’t support WCDMA or no combiner is available, add

multi-band combiner The working frequency of passive devices such as coupler or

power splitter shall be within 800 ～ 2170 MHz; If WLAN shares

indoor distributing system, frequency shall be 800~2500MHzWhen using the same cables, 2100MHz signaling will be largely

attenuated and shall be changed to big-diameter cables or add a

source transmission power.

Single frequency power divider Wideband power splitter

Wideband couplerSingle frequency coupler



21

Feeder Alternation

8D/10D feeders longer than 5m in GSM system shall be changed into 1/2 〞 feeders ；

8D/10D feeders are not used for major use.

1/2 〞 feeders longer than 50m in GMS system shall be changed into 7/8 〞 feeders;

1/2 〞 feeders longer than 30m shall be changed into 7/8 〞 feeders

For cost saving purpose, 1/2 〞 feeders and connectors can be changed into 8D/10D

feeders.

Feeder loss

900MHz 2000MHz 2400MHz

8D feeder 14.0dB 23dB 26dB

10D feeder 11.1dB 18dB 21dB

1/2 〞 feeder

6.9dB 10.7dB 12.1dB

7/8 〞 feeder

3.9dB 6.1dB 7.0dB

Feeders used in GSM coverage system

are mainly 8D/10D/1/2 〞， and 100 m

loss is as shown in the right table.

2000MHz and 2000MHz have quite

different losses and 8D & 10D feeders are

not suggested in over frequency band over

1.9GHz

The following shall be observed when alternating feeders: The following shall be observed when alternating feeders:



22

Lift coverage alternation

Access points of lifts are limited, mostly on the floor or the top of the building.

Some buildings with over 30 storey have big loss caused by multiple access

points.

Yagi is widely used in indoor coverage especially GSM 900 due to high gain,

good direction, and suitable price.

Yagi are not suitable to work in the frequency of 890 ～ 2500MHz due to great

loss generated.

When 3G system is alternated, yagi shall be changed into plate-like antennae

and increase antennae so as to ensure enough power level at the edge.



23

Antenna alternation

In line with “small power, multiple antennae” principle, based on the test result,

ascertain antenna distribution and make signaling equally distributed. Buildings with simple infrastructure and wide space such as basements, parking lots, airports,

supper malls, the number of antennae of which can be relatively small.

Buildings with complicated infrastructure and barriers, such as Karaoke boxes, restaurant

rooms, office buildings, the number of antennae of which shall be great and antennae shall be

within view.

Utilize the following method to control signaling lease:

shelter

Directional antennae perform coverage from edge to indoor ; Control the power of antenna

interface

Maintain signaling continuity of different coverage zones

Work frequency of antenna is recommended to be 885 ～ 2500MHz and shall be

consistent with the previous antenna indicators (gain, half-power angle etc).



24








25

Indoor & outdoor Interworking Scheme

Same frequency network or low-floor sharing the outdoor frequency and high-floor

using other frequency belong to intra-frequency networking Different frequency network and one-floor sharing the outdoor frequency and others

using other frequency belong to different frequencies interworking

f1

f1

Same frequency network

f2

f1

Other frequency

f2

f1

Low floor, previous frequency; higher

floors, other frequency

f1

f1f2

f1

Floor one, previous frequency; other

floors, other frequency

f1

lift

：outdoor

：floor



26

Intra-frequency scheme analysis

Intra-frequency interworking:

Advantage: smooth transition with performance guaranteed

Disadvantage: maximum path loss supported reduces which deducts the coverage of signaling

source due to influence of outdoor signaling

Applicable scenes: buildings with big penetration loss and closed indoor environment such as

subway and multiple basements.

Low-floor sharing frequency and high-floor dividing in frequencies networking:

Advantage: with intra-frequency advantages and provided with good coverage and capacity

coming from different frequency networks.

Disadvantages: restricted by lift wiring, huge hard handover between different frequencies will

occur in lifts and on high storys, which will greatly affect users’ perception of the network; The

scheme is based on 2G system and 2G & 3G interworking is hard to realize.

Applicable scenes: buildings with few storys suffering little influence from outdoor interfering

signaling



27

Different frequencies scheme analysis

Different frequencies networking

Advantage: co-use 2G system, share outdoor traffic load and reduce the interference and leakage of

indoor and outdoor signaling.

Disadvantage: outdoor cells open compression mode and affect the capacity; indoor and outdoor cells

perform hard handover and success rate declines.

Applicable scenario: external wall are mostly made of glass, outdoor signaling interference are relatively

great and signaling fades at the access to the first floor.

Networking of the first floor using the outdoor frequency and other floors using other frequency:

Advantage: imbued with the advantages of different frequencies networking; resolve the problem of

power consumption of outdoor cells caused by compressed mode; intra-frequency cells on the same floor

can provide with smooth handover.

Disadvantage: intra-frequency cells need to be constructed on a floor.

Applicable scenario: suitable for high storys, glass fabric and great interference of outdoor signaling.



28

Characteristics of Indoor & outdoor Networking

The advantage of same frequency networking is to provide smooth

transition; But due to great impart of outdoor signaling, maximum path

loss supported may be reduced and coverage capability of signaling

source may be greatly lowered. 。 Different frequency networking can provide with bigger capacity, but

hard handover of entrances & exits such as the door and garage shall

be carefully planned. In indoor area, when different frequencies are interworking, Indoor cell

can provide good coverage and full capacity with no influence of outdoor

signaling and therefore signaling quality is good and handover is very

little.



29

Indoor & outdoor Networking Strategy-1

Same frequency and different frequencies co-exist in the 3G network: when

constructing 3G indoor coverage system, networking scheme shall be made

based on actual condition. It’s ideal to combine same frequency scheme with

different frequencies scheme. If interference can be controlled, same frequency

is suggested; If interference is hard to be controlled, and hard handover can

fulfill KPI of indoor coverage system, different frequencies is better.

Suggested value of “interference can be controlled” is 10dB. Indoors, pilot power

of indoor coverage system is 10dB stronger than that of outdoor system;

outdoor, pilot power of outdoor BTS is 10dB stronger than that of indoors. For

environment with good isolation, same frequency is suggested; For environment

with poorer isolation and with capacity requirement, different frequencies

scheme is recommended.



30

Indoor & outdoor networking strategy -2

Strictly control the interaction of indoors and outdoor signaling. Outdoor signaling

comes indoors along the window from top to bottom, while indoor signaling

penetrates through the window and come outside. High-level signaling comes into

the air and with small effect, thus focus shall be to avoid the indoor signaling

entering the outside surrouding roads. To avoid the interaction of signaling of both

indoors and outdoor, it’s suggested:

Control the strong coverage of outdoor signaling indoors. Adjust the transmission power

of outdoor cells, add to antenna downtilt or adjust directional angle of the antennae.

Control the leakage of indoor signaling. Properly distribute indoor antennae. Generally,

avoid using omni antenna near the window and use directional antenna pointing indoors.

For scenes in which signaling leakage is frequent and easy, it’s recommended to add

antenna point and reduce transmission power of antenna points for even distribution of

signaling.



31

It’s recommended to perform soft handover to ensure the successful handover

between different floors, rooms and lifts, and different enclosures etc.

Handover area of entrances and exits shall be properly set. If performing hard

handover, signaling of entrances & exits of the lobby and garage shall be

controlled, and optimized if necessary to ensure smooth transition of signaling

and success handover.

In the lobby, penetrating signaling from outdoor is strong. It’s recommended to

induce transit cells to ensure successful handover and to avoid hard handover

of lift when signaling from outside enters indoors. Add cells with frequency the

same as outdoors and two frequencies have coverage in entrances and exits.

For indoor and outdoor networking, handover area of indoor and outdoor

signaling is near the inside door and that of entrances and exits of garages is

near the garage, and that of access to lifts is at the entrances to lifts, and

handover area of stairwell and other floors depends on actual condition.

Indoor & outdoor networking strategy-3



32

Key points of indoor and outdoor Key points of indoor and outdoor interworking interworking

Outside signaling penetrates indoors


Indoor and outdoor networking strategies

Multiple cells classification of 3G IDS



33

Multiple cells classification of 3G IDS

A WCDMA indoor distribution system shall be divided into multiple cells to

fulfill coverage or capacity demand. And the following principles shall be

observed: Handover zones shall be as small as possible ； The coverage of first floor and lifts comes from the same cell. There are no

handover when entering or exiting from the lift to floor 1st.

Make multiple cells classification based on different scenario.



34

Typical buildings Shenzhen Telecom Mansion is a building with 24 floors and

covers an area of 39483.9 square meters. It’s a typical building

of indoor coverage.

Multiple cells classification of Telecom Mansion is a horizontal

one. Utilize isolation of multiple cells to reduce handover

between cells and floor 1st and lower lifts belongs to one cell.



35

Large complex

Large complex has large area, and stadium, airport and railway belong to this

group. Take Shenyang olympics stadium for example, it occupies 254,000 square

meters with 278 meter length, 235 meter width, and 82 meter heights. It has 6

floors and two-story stand and can hold 60, 000 population. Multiple cells of Shenyang Olymipics ZTE stadium are classified vertically and

handover area of cells in the same story shall be properly planned.



36

Large Residence Community

Large residence community consists of multiple buildings and pure outdoor macro BTS

can hardly achieve full coverage and garden distributing system is necessary to be

introduced. Test result reveals that design concept of “multiple antenna, small power” can

provide complete coverage for outdoor environment of residential quarters and 1-6 storied

residence buildings. The antennae are noticeable.

Different colored curves symbolize different cells

Ensure WCDMA signaling can reach

the interior of buildings at one time

and by reducing antenna power,

coverage demand of buildings can

be met.

In order to reduce cell number, it’s

suggested to apply multi-RRU

single-cell technology to enable the

coverage capacity of single cells and

to absorb several buildings into one

cell.



37

Subway

Use BBU plus RRU to make coverage of subways, and utilize existing cables

to enable WCDMA coverage expansion.

The concept of subway multiple cells classification is to consider platforms as

cell dividing points and to complete coverage by separate phases.



24 ～ 28 号









39

Cases of indoor and outdoor co-Cases of indoor and outdoor co-covering applicationcovering application

Introduction of outdoor environment

Priority of BBU+RRU network

Suggestions on indoor and outdoor network



40

Surrounding Environment of Shenzhen Unicom Building We choose Shenzhen Unicom Building as one example Unicom Building lies in CBD area of center Futian district. It has dense

buildings here, height of buildings is height with average over 20 floors.



41

Surrounding environment of Shenzhen Unicom Building Site on the top of Shenzhen Unicom building has four cells with antenna height

about 70 meters. The nearest site is centre site of China Telecom with 355

meters far away from it, which influences this site much.

We can see that Shenzhen Unicom Building has a complicated wireless

environment and can be on half of the case that co-coverage by indoor and

outdoor together has a restrict requirement about interference and capacity. So

we can take it as one example.



42

Indoor environment of Shenzhen Unicom Building

Unicom building is a building with 24 floors over earth and totally 39483.9

square meters 。 Unicom building has a glass wall structure and a complicated indoor

environment. Floor B1:underground parking place. Dependent. Floor 1F:hall, vacant inside, spaces co-used by floor 1-3F, glass top, signals outside

can penetrate through the top Floor 5F:equipment room, a wide and open place.



43

Indoor environment of Shenzhen Unicom Building

Indoor environment of Shenzhen Unicom: Floor 14F:offices,balcony and open top, people can take teas and have

meetings here Floor 19F:offices, a good open place Floor 24F:top floor, offices for CEO



44

Cases of indoor and outdoor co-covering applicationCases of indoor and outdoor co-covering application






45

Changes of 2/3G co-used indoor distribution

Indoor coverage in Shenzhen Unicom Building use 3 cells and take the form of

BBU+RRU network. Feedback loss is reduced and coverage area is expanded

effectively.

Floor 5F and 7F are separation points, cell 1 covers floors under 4F(4F included) , cell 2

covers 16F to 5F(16F included), cell 3 covers 17F to 24F, soft handover area are

controlled within emergency stairs.

To make new WCDMA system by fully using GSM feedback part, investment is reduced

therefore.



46

Introduction of BBU+RRU equipment ZXSDR D-B82000 distribution sites are used in Shenzhen Unicom Building and are consisted by base station unit B8200 and

radio remote unit R8840. Technique specification of it is as follows:

Type Item Specifics

Specifics of property

FrequenciesUplink ： 1920MHz ～ 1980MHz Downlink ： 2110MHz ～ 2170MHz

Capability

Max supported Sectors 24CS

Max supported carriers 4

Max supported CE channels for pure voice servicesuplink ： 960CEdownlink ： 960CE

Max channels in one cell 123

Max throughput of system 216Mbps

Output power of carrier

RF unit type Output power of equipment

R884040W

60W

Receiving Sensitivity-126.5dBm@WCDMA S antenna receiveing-129.2dBm@WCDMA D antenna receiving-131.9dBm@WCDMA Q antenna receiving

Physical property

Size of equipmentB8200尺寸（ height×width×deep）： 88.4×482.6×197 （ mm）R8840尺寸（ height×width×deep）： 370×320×160 （ mm）

Weight with full equipementB8200 ： 8.75KGR8840 ： 16.5KG

Power supply

property

Way of power supply, permitted ranges of voltage changes

B8200 ： -48V DC （ ranges -57 V DC ～ -40V DC）R8840 ： -48V DC （ ranges-35 V DC ～ -60 V DC）220V AC （ ranges 90 V AC ～ 300 V AC）110V AC （ expansion supported ， ranges 85V AC ～ 135V AC）



47

Priority of BBU+RRU-1

Versatile network BBU has a property of high integrity, large capability, less volume, light weight etc. BBU can

be places together, base band capability can be shared. It is suitable to indoor cases with

not-so-meanly-distributed and can enhance stability of system. RRU has a small volume, light weight and easy fixed. RRU can be used together with GSM

indoor distribution system. RRU uses fiber as transmission, feedback losses are reduced

effectively, which can reduce additive losses in 2GHZ and make RRU has the same

coverage as GSM. So, it is easy to make 2/3G together. BBU+RRU can realize coverage and capability planning individually. It is easy to expand

network, and changing indoor distribution system is not needed. It is used to meet the need

of services in 3G.

Merge of multiple RRU cells, coverage area are expanded effectively BBU+RRU support RRU single cell merge technique. Single cell support 1 to 6 RRU in

indoor situation, which expand coverage area of single cell and realize far coverage of many

buildings. This case can meet most situations of indoor coverage.



48

Priority of BBU+RRU-2

Less work of project, low cost of operation and maintain BBU+RRU use fiber instead of feedback cable has a simple way of line distribution and is

easy to work on. RRU can afford all kinds of requirement of any situation and is not

reliable on trunk amplification. In real network trunk amplification can be given up or used

in only a few cases, so coverage quality decreasing caused by too much trunk

amplification can be avoided. BBU is set up integrally and can be managed and monitored by OMC. Traditional micro-

cell manner need to monitor trunk amplification excessively.

Change to co-usage is easy BBU+RRU way can distinguish cells reasonably and easily. Expansion later can be

finished by background network administration software. No necessary of further

changes in hardware. BBU,RRU can realize wall-hanging, and is convenient for indoor coverage realization

and application.



49

Cases of indoor and outdoor co-covering applicationCases of indoor and outdoor co-covering application






50

Suggestions of indoor and outdoor co-network

Top and nearby sites affect much on Shenzhen Unicom building for its glass

wall structure. Potential strong signals coverage come to live due to influence by

outside signals. But outside signals can not reach deep in the building.

Unicom building has a large capacity need. To make sure of indoor signals are

not affected by strong surrounding signals, we suggest Unicom building take

network form of different frequencies, that is using different frequencies indoor

and outside door, but the same frequencies in the building.

We can configure cells used by lower floors to dual-frequencies to make this cell

to be on transient cell: indoor and outside frequencies. When one user comes

indoor, user will switch to indoor cell with the same frequency and switch to

indoor cell with different frequencies. When user go out of indoor, compress

mode is activated, indoor cell with different frequencies transits to outdoor cell.

3G Indoor Outdoor Coverage Planning

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