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What is psychology?

Psychiatry is the medical specialty devoted to the study

and treatment of mental disorders—which include various

affective , behavioural, cognitive and perceptual disorders.

The term psychiatry (Greek ), coined by Johann

Christian Reil in 1808, comes from the Greek ( psukhē:soul or mind) and (iatros: healer). It refers to a field of

medicine focused specifically on the mind, aiming to study,

prevent, and treat mental disorders in humans

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Criminal psychology is the study of the wills,

thoughts, intentions and

reactions of criminals.

It is related to the field of

criminal anthropology. The

study goes deeply into what

makes someone commit

crime, but also the

reactions after the crime, on

the run or in court.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_anthropology

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_anthropology

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime

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criminal psychology

The application of psychologicalprinciples to criminal activity. Involves:

•Criminal behavior •Risk assessment

•Crime prevention

•The criminal justice system

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Conditions resulting in criminal

behavior include:

• Antisocial personality disorder

• Sociopath

•

Psychopath • Conduct Disorder

• Borderline personality disorder

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Antisocial Personality Disorder

•Manipulates, exploits, or violates the rights of others.

•

Behavior is often criminal•Chronic behavior that begins in childhood •Fire-setting and cruelty to animals during childhoodare often present Anti-social Personality Disorder Symptoms:•Breaks the law repeatedly•Lies, steals, and fights often•Disregards the safety of self and others•Demonstrates a lack of guilt

Had a childhood diagnosis (or symptomsconsistent with) conduct disorder

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SociopathPerson having antisocial personality disorder •

Physical aggression

• Disregard for others • Inability to keep a job or form relationships • Violates the rights of others • Lack of regret for inappropriate actions Psychopath:

• No concerns for the feelings of others • Egocentric, no sense of responsibility or consequence.•

Emotions are superficial, shallow, or absent

• Callous, Manipulative, • Incapable of forming lasting relationships, Incapable of meaningful love.• Acts only for personal benefit.

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Borderline Personality Disorder

Pattern of instability in:

•Interpersonal relationships

•Self image

• Affect (emotion) and mood•Impulsiveness

• Anger and inability to control anger

• Often leads to self-damaging behavior

•Frequent history of physical

fights and abuse.

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Types of criminal behavior

Arson Stalking Murder Mass murder Serial killers

Gang Activity

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Arson•Most arsonists have unstable family history

& background of humiliation •Other motivations are excitement, anger,revenge, thrills, sexual gratification Stalking Psychology •Resentful: have some grievance

with victim & want to frighten them •Intimacy: “loves” the victim & wants them •Erotic-maniac: imagines the victim is in love withthem (common with celebrities) •Incompetent: feel entitled to intimacy despite poorsocial skills

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Multiple Murderers

• Multiple murderers are people who have killed

more than one victim.• multiple killers are classified into two basiccategories –

mass murderers Serial killers

Mass Murderers

• kills four or more people at one location duringone continuous period of time, whether it is a fewminutes or over a period of days.

Make no attempt to hideOften die by suicide or police after incident

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Serial Killers

murder three or more victims, but each is killed onseparate occasions

usually select their victims cooling off periods between murders plan their crimes carefully

"

"When I killed people I had a desire sexual excitement.This inspired me to kill more. I don't care whether they

deserve to live or not. It is none of my concern“ Yang Xinhai

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Types of serial killers

(patterns)

•Characteristics: Sociallycompetent, intelligent , a planner,generally targets strangers,someone who uses restraints. •Very difficult to catch •Typical behaviors: lives alone,knows victim, evidence present

anddoes not change lifestyle as a

result of the killing.

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Gang

Advantage of being in a gang:•Provide protection from other gangs •Provide a sense of family or

instant friends •

Provide income through drug sales •Provide respect and recognition Disadvantages of being in a gang•

Most don’t get rich – just the leaders •Dealing results in Long hours and dangerous work •Risk of death or incarceration is high •Most gangs have severe initiation rituals

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How are criminals ‘made’?

•Genetics/DNA/chromosomes •Environmental factors •Biochemistry •Family traits •Economic circumstances •Neurological damage

A combination of these factors can be devastating

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• How are criminals made? Biochemistry

•Reduced glucose levels

•Reduced serotonin levels (serotonin mellows us out)

•Increased testosterone (creates need to dominate)

•Sometimes have high traces of toxic metals

How are criminals made?

Brain traits•Psychopaths have abnormal brain activities:

•Less active pre-frontal cortex (impulse control)

•Frontal Lobe damage causes lack of social behavior and self-

control

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Crime Prevention

•Criminal psychology is used to predict, identify, find,

and convict criminals •Criminal profiling is the primary tool What is Criminal Profiling?

Study and prediction of criminal behavior used to

indicate:

•How the criminal thinks

•

Motivation for crime•Modus operandi

•Signature

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Criminal psychologists may:

•Provide victim or witness evaluation and treatment

•Screen and treat police officers •Juvenile Assessment, intervention,

and crime prevention

Criminal Psychology and the Criminal Justice System A criminal psychologist May:

•perform psychiatric evaluation for insanity or trial

competency

•Provide expert testimony for trial •Consultation for jury selection, child testimony, or expert

witness

•Determine treatment or intervention for mentally ill

defendants

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Rachana Jha.

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