First Aid in the workplace

&

Office health risks

Usukhbayar Ariunbold., M.D., M.Sc.

Health Insurance Director,

Dr. Gerelmaa Davaadorj

Health Insurance Claim Manager

Mandal General Insurance

Course Outline

1. First aid in the workplace Injuries:

- wounds and bleeding

- burns

- sprained ankle, broken bone..

Health related emergencies

- fainting – CPR, automatic defibrillator, measure blood pressure,

- seizure - stroke

- nose bleeding - choking

- heart attack

2. Office health risks - eyestrain

- neck and back problems

- obesity

This presentation conforms with

2015 First Aid guideline of

Why do you need First aid?

First aid provides the initial and immediate

attention to a person suffering an injury or

illness.

In extreme cases, a quick first aid response

could mean the difference between life and

death.

In many cases, first aid can reduce the

severity of the injury or illness .

Stay Within Your Training!

You are not a Doctor or Pharmacist!

Personal Safety & Hygiene

Hepatitis B/C

HIV

Care with Confidence

Every casualty needs to feel secure and in safe

hands. Create an air of confidence and assurance

by:

◦ Being in control of your own

reaction to the problem.

◦ Acting calmly and logically.

◦ Being gentle but firm.

◦ Speaking to the casualty kindly

but in a clear and purposeful way.

Open wounds

• Superficial wounds and abrasions

should be thoroughly irrigated with

a large volume of water with or

without soap until there is no

foreign matter in the wound

• Cold water is OK but not as

comfortable.

• Use any source of clean water.

• Apply antibiotic ointment or cream

only if the wound is a superficial

injury and if the victim has no

known allergies to the antibiotic.

Bleeding control

• If bleeding continues, do

not remove the gauze;

add more gauze on top

and apply more

pressure.

• If it is not possible to provide continuous manual pressure,

wrap an elastic bandage firmly over gauze to hold it in

place with pressure.

• Apply direct pressure on external wounds with sterile

cloth or your hand

• The pressure must be firm, and it must be maintained for

a long time.

If embedded object in wound, apply pressure

either side of wound and place pad around it

before bandaging.

Burns

1. Immediately immerse

the burnt area in cool

water

2. Remove jewelry and

constrictive clothing

before swelling or blisters

occurs.

3. Cover the area with a

dry, sterile dressing and

not cotton or other fluffy

material.

Don’ts

• Don’t place a burn under extreme water pressure

• Don’t remove the cloth that is stuck to the burnt

area.

• Don’t apply butter ointment, oil, ice in the area

affected

First Aid

• Rest the affected area

• Ice application or cold compress

• Compression over the affected area

• Elevate the affected area above the heart

Strains & Sprains

Broken bone

Treatment

Assume that any injury to

an extremity includes a

bone fracture.

Cover open wounds with

a dressing.

Do not move or try to

straighten an injured

extremity

Splinting reduces pain and prevent further injury.

A victim with an injured lower extremity should not

bear weight until advised by a medical professional.

Splints

Health related emergencies

If conscious, measure blood pressure

Fainting, unconscious

CPR

AED (Automated External Defibrillator)

Stroke

Other signs:

• Weakness or numbness on one side of the body, including

either leg

• Dimness, blurring or loss of vision, particularly in one eye

• Severe headache — a bolt out of the blue — with no apparent

cause

• Unexplained dizziness, unsteadiness or a sudden fall, especially

if accompanied by any of the other signs or symptoms

Heart attack

Uncomfortable pressure, fullness

or squeezing pain in the centre of

the chest

Discomfort or pain spreading

beyond the chest to the shoulders,

neck, jaw, teeth, or one or both

arms, or occasionally upper

abdomen

Shortness of breath

Light headedness, dizziness,

fainting

Sweating

Nausea

Heart attack – First Aid

Call an ambulance

Give aspirin 325mg if not allergic

Begin CPR if the person is unconscious

Can skip mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing

and perform only chest compressions (about 100

per minute)

If an automated external defibrillator (AED) is

available and the person is unconscious, begin

CPR while the device is retrieved and set up.

Attach the device and follow instructions

Nose bleeding • Sit down and lean forward slightly.

• Pinch the lower part of the nostrils just below the bony

part of the nose for 10minutes while breathing through

the mouth.

• Release nostrils slowly, repeat procedure if bleeding

continue.

• Do not touch or blow the nose for about 24hrs. Do not

pact the affected nostrils with cotton.

• Bring patient to hospital if necessary.

II. Office Health risks

Computer eye strain and other visual

problems

Staring at a computer screen all day can cause red or

dry eyes, headaches and fatigue.

Get up to stretch, walk around your office, or

doing a non-computer related task

Try the 20-20-20 : every 20 minutes stare away

from your computer for 20 seconds at something

20 feet away.

Inflammation of the surface of the

eye may occur along with dry eye.

If left untreated, this condition can

lead to pain, ulcers, or scars on the

cornea, and some loss of vision.

Neck and back problems

When a person slouches, the ligaments and discs become

overextended.

If a person continues to use their body in that way over a lengthy

stretch of time, long-term spinal injury can result - chronic pain

Besides being better aware of your posture as you’re

sitting at your desk, getting regular exercise including

abdominal strengthening activities should relieve some

of the pressure on your lower back.

Office work and obesity

Sedentary office-bound jobs

contribute to the obesity

epidemic.

Obesity adversely affects

workplace costs by

decreasing worker

productivity and increasing

the need for support

services and disability

management.