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CIP
/ .
2006.12
ISBN 7-81029-638-8
.
.
.
. H195
/0086-10-68320122
/0086-20-87206866
/
/0086-20-85221583
1997 6 1 2006 12 2 2006 12
787mm1092mm 1/16 9.5
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1996
48
1224 AB1219976
19991156020002003
http//www.chinaqw.comhttp//hwy.jnu.edu.cn
1997
5248
1 2 1
1996
2001
1988
14
12314
116
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7
112
5
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14
5
1997
2
1986
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2006628
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Preface
Zhongwen (Mandarin Chinese Language) course materials of trial edition were
written for overseas Chinese and their children in 1996 by College of Chinese
Language and Culture, Jinan University, under the commission of Overseas Chinese
Affairs Office of the State Council of Peoples Republic of China. The entire course
materials consist of 48 books, including 12 text books, 24 exercise books (book A and
book B), and 12 teacher s reference books. Publication started in June, 1997 and
completed in November, 1999 with more than 5.6 million copies distributed up to this
day. H owever, supply was not able t o keep up with demand. Between 2000 and 2003,
entrusted by Overseas Chinese A ffairs Offi ce of the State Council of Peoples Republi c
of China, we developed teacher s Zhongwen VCD and onlin e edition Chinese Onli ne
(see www.chinaqw.com or http//hwy.j nu.edu.cn ), and arranged a tr adi ti onal Chi nese
character edition. All these products have gained a wide popularity among Chinese
language teachers, students and their parents abroad.This revision of Zhongwen materials was authorized by Overseas Chinese Affairs
Office of the State Council of P. R. China to College of Chinese Language and Culture
and Education I nstitute of Chinese Language and Culture, Jinan University. This
revised edition reflects actual needs and characteristics of overseas Chinese language
education and takes in constructi ve advice from many sides and research findings on
language teaching and textbook studies. The new editi on of Zhongwen is now a
collection of 52 books, with additional four books- one Study Pinyin textbook, two
Study Pinyin exercise books and one Study Pinyin teacher s reference book- to the
original 48 books.The instructional goal of Zhongwen is to enable students to acquire basic
li stening, speaking, r eading and wri ting capabili ties of Putonghua (Mandarin Chinese)
through a pr ocess of learni ng and traini ng, to expose students to Chi nese cul ture and
lay a solid ground for their further study of Chinese language and culture.
The revision was carried out under the guidelines of Standard of Chinese
Language Level and General Out l ine of Chinese Grammar (1996) issued by
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Department of Testing Affairs of China N ational Office for Teaching Chinese as aForeign L anguage(NOCFL), General Outline of Chinese Language Level of Glossaries
and Characters(2001) issued by China National Committee for Chinese Proficiency Test
(HSK), and List of Frequent ly Used Characters in Modern Chinese (1988) issued
jointl y by State Language Commission and Mini stry of Educati on of Chi na. Based on all
above, an effort has been made at enhancing learning experience and development with
a careful choice of characters, words, sentences, and texts. The homework exercise has
been modified and arranged i n order of i ncreasing di fficul ties and advancement. These
improvements are expected to be of enormous benefits to both teachers and students
alik e, in improving their Chinese l anguage skil ls, raising their learning motivation,stimulating their active thinking and increasing their overall proficiency in the use of
Chinese language. Meanwhile, extensive research was made in the existing Chinese
textbooks that are used overseas which provided much helpful experience to the
revision. The revised edition closely integrates instruction and practice, learning and
application. Creative innovations have been incorporated in the course content, general
arrangements, page design, questi on format and instructi onal concepts.
The following is a summary of major changes including reorganization, deletion and
addition of new materials in the revised edition:
1. In light of the shorter term or semester in overseas Chinese schools, the number
of l essons in each book has been reduced from 14 to 12, with a moderate simpli fication
of the texts. The 12 lessons are now subdivided into four units of three lessons each,
which are followed by a comprehensive exercise. In addition, each book includes a
general exercise. Every text book is attached an alphabetic vocabulary which contains
all the new words in the texts of the book, i ncludi ng singlesyll abl es and mul tisyllables.
Each new word is marked with serial number of the text where it belongs.
2. Lessons one to six of Book 1 are designed for character learning. The main texts
are followed by a list of new Chinese characters without words or sentences. Beginningwith Lesson seven in Book 1, the main texts are followed by a list of disyllabic and
multisyllabic words and sentences, in contrast to the monosyllabic words found in the
previous lessons. Some of the main texts are also followed by a list of proper names,
such as, names of people, places and countries.
3. For teaching convenience, a Study Pinyin course book and two Study Pinyin
exercise books are incl uded i n the revised edi tion. Therefore, instructional materials for
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pinyin are removed from the 12 textbooks. However, exercises on pinyin are included fromexercise book 5 to above.
4. Pinyin annotations are provided to all the main texts and reading materials i n
textbooks one to four. Beginning with Book Five, the application is limited to only new
characters. In general, the annotations are applied character by character, except in the list
of words or expressions and proper names following the main texts, where they are applied
word by word. The characters are normall y annotated in their original tone, with the
exception of the neutral tones. Characters generally of light pronunciation, are annotated
with tones when they are stressed.
The characters (yi) and (bu) are annotated in their actual tonesaccordi ng to the context.
5. In retroflex finals, where the retroflex is unnecessary in written Chinese, the
character or word is not presented in its retroflexed form; and where the r etroflex is
necessary, the character(er) is attached, e.g., ,.
6. English translation or explanation is provided for titles of texts and exercises. Proper
names in teachers reference books are also attached with their English equivalents.
7. New strokes or radicals are listed with new characters, with the exception of lessons
for character learning where only strokes are listed, but not radicals. In the classroom
exercise of Learn to write in textbooks one to four, new radicals, components and
characters are presented with their stroke order, and writing directions are noted in red
arrows. In textbooks five and above, new characters in the classroom exercises are not
presented with their stroke order. The stroke order is based on Stroke Order Regulation of
Frequently Used Characters in Modern Chinese, which was issued by the State Language
Commission and the General A dmin istrati on of Press and Publ ication of P. R. C. i n 1997.
8. For the convenience of teaching and selfi nstruction, li sts of new characters, words
and some proper names are added to the reading comprehensions. Their references and
resources are also added to the teachers reference books accordi ngly.9. To meet the need of certain students for traditional Chinese characters, the main
text book is attached with a comparative l ist of new characters i n simpl ifi ed and traditi onal
forms arranged in alphabeti cal order, and each new word is marked with serial number of
the text where it belongs. In Book 2 and above, the alphabetical vocabulary list is
accumulative wi th new words of the previous text books. T he traditional characters are
based on the 1986 version of General List of Traditional Chinese Characters issued by
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the State L anguage Commission. Since variant characters li sted in Appendix 1 toGeneral List of Traditional Chinese Characters are no longer used officially, they are
no longer included as traditional characters or variant characters in this edition. The
traditi onal characters also suppl ement the revised teachers reference books accordingly.
In addition, text books one to six are attached with character learning cards for
convenience.
10. Practice in communicative functions in Chinese is further enhanced in the
revised editi on to i mprove the communication ski ll s of the students.
We are greatly indebted to Chinese linguists, experts in Chinese language teaching,
overseas Chinese teachers, and researchers of Chinese language that have all generously
provided us very useful advi ce and suggesti ons i n the revision of thi s course.
Finally, given the magnitude of this project and the ti me constraint, it is possibl e
that certain omissions or errors may be observed. However, we will be very open to any
suggestions and advice from experts, researchers, teachers, students and their parents
on further improvement.
Chief Compiler Jia YiminJune 28, 2006
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4 34
TextEnjoy the Sunshine
39
ReadingThe Sun and the Rain bow
5 41
TextThe L itt le H orse Crosses the Ri ver
48
ReadingBreaking Chopsticks
6 50
TextMonkeys Try to Scoop up the Moon
56
ReadingA Monkey Harvests Corns
58
Review 2
1 1TextA Letter to Grandfather 9ReadingA Letter i n Reply to Liangli ang
2 11TextThe Summer Palace 19ReadingThe Garden of Heaven
3 21TextThe V ersaill es Palace
29ReadingThe Forbidden City
31Review 1
Contents
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7 60
TextTwo Ancient Poems
67
Reading Two Anci ent Poems
8 69
TextSima Guang
76
ReadingThe Story of President Washington
9 78
TextThe Boy W ho Counted Stars
85
ReadingClever Ed ison
87
Review 3
10. 89
TextAsk and Answer
95
ReadingA Special Friend
11. 97
TextThe Language of Nature 103
ReadingIt Will Soon Rain
12. 105
TextWhats There on the Moon
113
ReadingSatellites
115
Review 4
Contents
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117
Exercises
120
A lphabetic V ocabulary Comparison between Simpl ifi ed and Tr aditi onal Chinese Characters
122
Alphabetic Glossary
125
Sentences
126
Table of Chinese Characters Strokes
127
Table of Stroke Order
128
Names of Radicals of Chinese Characters
131
Phonetic System of the Chinese Language
134
A lphabetic V ocabulary 1Comparison between Simpl ifi ed and Tr aditi onal Chinese Characters
136
A lphabetic V ocabulary 2Comparison between Simpl ifi ed and Tr aditi onal Chinese Characters
138
A lphabetic V ocabulary 3Comparison between Simpl ifi ed and Tr aditi onal Chinese Characters
Contents
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A Letter toGrandfather
i y ye de xn
1
qn i de y ye
nn ho
fn shn de chn chn yu pio w zh do bi jn sh zhn u de
jn tin w shu do le nn de li xn w hn x hun xn
shu d n l yu chn chn n y h yun hi yu ti n
n mn un chn b b shu jn nin xi ti n fn ji w men
qun ji yo q bi jn kn wn nn h ni ni n sh w ji
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r w nin b yu b r
n d de jn b
zh y ye ni ni shn t ho
sn r l
k y q p chn chn yu n shn tin n mn le
qn i de y ye w de zhn wn shu pn sh bu sh yu
le hn d t o jn hu w hi yo ho ho xu x zhn q
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Sentence
Characters
xn fn chn yu pio jn n un
chn qun pn t q jn sn
qni xnfn yupio shud nl unchn
nsh shupn to jnhu zhnq jnb
Chnchn Bijn Gn YhYun Tinn Mn
Great Wall Beijing Forbidden City Summer Palace Tianan Men
w de zhn wn shu pn sh bu sh yu le hn d t o
zhun yu mn c
Proper nouns
Words and expressions
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i i
1 Learn to write.
Exercises in Class
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d yi d
2 Read aloud.
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3 Expand and substitute.
du hu
4 Dialogue
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xin yi xin shu yi shu
5 Think and answer the following questions.
? ?
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n de xn w shu do le cn n de xn k y kn
ch n de zhn wn shu pn yu yu le hn d de t o y ye hn
o xn tn shu n men yo li bi jn wnr hi yo li kn w y
ye n o xn le y ye zhn xin nn zo y tin jin do n men w
y hn xin q mi u kn kn q kn kn bi n kn kn z yu
Reading
i li
n
li
n
de hu
x
n
A Letter in Reply to Liangliang
qn i de lin lin
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n shn xin w hi zi din sh li kn u ji sho hun sh n yun de
j l pin n l de fn jn fi chn mi l w yo shi q le mi
u n nn pi w y q q n wnr m
xn de xu q kui ki sh le zh n xu x jn b shn hu
y kui
y ye
r w nin yu r
Bin Hunsh Gnyun
White House Yellowstone National Park
yu sh jn fi pi y
dinsh jisho fnjn fichn yoshi ykui
Words and expressions
Characters
zhun yu mn c
Proper nouns
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The Summer Palace
y h yun
2
zi zhn u bi jn chn de x bi yu y e mi l de
d n yun t de mn zi jio y h yun
jn le n yun dn d mn yu y tio chn chn de zu
ln zh ji sh yu mn de chn ln zu wn chn ln dn shn
wn shu shn y h yun de jn s du nn kn do cn wn shu shn
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yn zhe h bin xin dn zu cn h
dn do h zhn xn de x io do yo zu uo y zu chn chn
de sh qio zh zu qio yu sh q e qio dn jio sh q kn qio
qio lin bin de sh zh shn yu hn du xio sh zi t men du hn
shn dn sh fn k i
y h yun de jn s k zhn mi
Characters
zu xi li qin min j i sh kn mn h kn mn h chn chn de
h n bin y pin l s h zhn xn yu e mi l de xio do
mi l wn dn jn s n do
yn zu qio zh sh fn
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Words and expressions
Sentence
zhun yu mn c
Proper nouns
Wnshu Shn Knmn H
Longevity Hill Kunming Lake
zhr de jn s k zhn mi
xbi mil mnzi zhnxn cn do
shndn shfn ki
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Exercises in Class
i i
1 Learn to write.
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d yi d
2 Read aloud.
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4
du hu
4 Dialogue
!
y
y
3 Expand and substitute.
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xin yi xin shu yi shu
5 Think and answer the following questions.
y
1
2 y
3
!
y
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The Garden of Heaven
Reading
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fn qin zhn
zhmn hund fnshu bun qnchu
Tintn
Garden of Heaven
Words and expressions
zhun yu mn c
Proper noun
Characters
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heVersaillesPalace
fn r si n
3
zi f u b l y nn de xio chn fn r si yu y
zu yu d yu mi l de yun ln
ji o fn r si n t y qin sh f u de
wn n xin zi sh u ji b w un
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Characters
yn fn jn r hu sh fn m rn
fn r si n yu du jin d tn h fn jin zh xi
d tn h fn jin li yu hn du wn w zu yu q de hi sh
jn ln yu ji o jn tn jn tn li yu hn du mn hu d
ki chun zi chun wi de yun ln jn s yn r jn zhn rn
zi tn zhn ji r tn shn zi huzhn y yn
wn n l min hn mi n wi de yun ln n mi yun
zhn yu y tio sh z rn n h hi yu mn jn de h l
s de sh mi l de hu nio y huxin h un sh
n ln wn tn xi q jn
chun yn r yn xin yn m
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Words and expressions
zhun yu mn c
Proper nouns
Sentence
yqin uji zhxi wnw yuq
yyn lmin
Fnrsi Gn Fu Bl
TheVersailles P alace France Paris
fn r si n yu dujin d tn h fnjin
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i i
1 Learn to write.
Exercises in Class
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d yi d
2 Read aloud.
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3 Expand and substitute.
fn r
fn r
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du hu
4
Dialogue
fn r
fn r
fn r
1 fn r
2
xin yi xin shu yi shu
5 Think and answer the following questions.
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Reading
!
The Forbidden City
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4
chl shw shji ysh cnun
sh ji zh k un
Words and expressions
Characters
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Review 1
zn h lin x y
i xi z j ishn zi z c y
1. Make new characters andformphrases.
l
lin yi l in z c y
2. Link and form phrases.
i cu bi z
3. Find out and correct the wrong characters.l
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1 y
2
3
zho l zi xi j zi
4. Reconstruct the sentences with the given words or expressions afterthe model.
l
1
2
fn r3
4
xun c y ti n kn
5. Choose the right words or expressions to fill in the blanks.
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Enj oy the Sunshine
shi ti yn
4
ti yn ch li zho s fn
t de ho ch b xn chn
ti yn b shi co b l
ti yn b shi mio b zhn
ti yn b shi u b sh ti yn b shi hu b xin
y fu bi zi shi yi shi
shi o ti yn nun yn yn
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shi zho ch xn sh f nun
ci jin kn
hochu yfu bizi jinkn
ti yn b shi co b l
Words and expressions
Sentence
Characters
y yo ti yn shi
shi ti yn ci jin kn
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Exercises in Class
i i
1 Learn to write.
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d yi d
2 Read aloud.
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3 Expand and substitute.
du hu
4 Dialogue
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Reading
xin yi xin shu yi shu
5 Think and answer the following question.
ti yn h ci hn
The Sun and the Rainbow
y chn d y u hu ti yn ch li le tin shn ch xi n le
y do m l de ci hn
yu rn shu ci hn b ti yn mi l ci hn tn le fi chn
d y t du ti yn shu kn w b n mi rn men du zi
zn mi w ne ti yn tn le ci hn de hu xio zhe shu n
hn mi zh sh zhn de k sh r u mi yu w ji b hu
yu n y ci hn tn le hn b o xn t ju de ti yn kn bu
q t ji b n ti yn shu hu le u le y hur ti yn
du jn le yn li zh do mi l de ci hn y ji b jin le
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ci hn zn du
cihn dy znmi knbuq
Words and expressions
Characters
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TheLittleHorseCrossestheRiver
xio m u h
5
xio m yo u h kn jin y tu lo ni zi h shu xio
m wn ni b bo w yo u h shu shn m lo ni
shu shu hn qin n u de q
xio m tn le lo ni de hu zhn yo u h t
rn y zh xio sn sh cn sh shn tio xi li dshn shu
xio m bi u h shu shn de hn ne n hu yn s
de
tn l e x io sn sh de hu xio m b zh do i zn me
bn zh ho hu ji wn m m m m shu hi zi lo
ni yu o yu d t hu ju de shu hn qin sn sh n me
xio t y dn hu shu shu hn shn h shu sh shn hi sh
qin zu ho n z j q sh shi
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xio m tn le m m de hu yu po do h bin xio
xn de u le h yun li h shu j b xin lo ni shu de
n yn qin y b xin sn sh shu de n yn shn
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h b shn qin zhn t
i bn dn yun j xin
Characters
bbo trn zhho nme ydn
zuho xioxn yunli j y nyn
h shu j b xin lo ni shu de n yn qin y b xin sn
sh shu de n yn shn
Sentence
Words and expressions
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4
Exercises i n Cl ass
i i
1 Learn to write.
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d yi d
2 Read aloud.
3 Expand and substitute.
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4
du hu
4 Dialogue
sn sh
sn sh
sn sh
sn sh
sn sh
sn sh
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Reading
sn sh
1
2
zh kui zi
Breaking Chopsticks
cn qin yu e lo y ye t yu sh e r zi yu y
tin t b sh e r zi du jio li fn i t men mi rn y zh
kui zi jio t men b kui zi zh dun hi zi men qn qn de y zh
kui zi ji du dun le t men o xn de shu zh ti rn y le
lo y ye yu n ch sh zh kui zi kn zi y q rn hi zi men
zh zh y hu b un t men zn yn sh jn du zh b dun zh
xin yi xin shu yi shu
5 Think and answer the following questions.
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zh kui qn xin l
rny shjn xind lli n tunji chnn
Words and expressions
Characters
kn kui zi
lo y ye kn zhe t men zho j de yn zi ji shu hi zi
men n men sh e xin d ji xin zh sh zh kui zi fn ki le l
lin ji xio tun ji zi y q l lin ji d zu sh ci nn chn
n
hi zi men tn le b b de hu du mn bi le b b wi shn
me j io t men zh kui zi
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MonkeysTry toScoop up theMoon
hu zi lo yu lin
6
yu y ti n wn shn y qn hu zi zi bin de sh shn
wnr t rn y zh xio hu zi hn qi li b ho l
yu lin dio do shu li le d hu zi y kn y j io le
qi li b ho l yu lin zhn de dio do shu li le
y qn hu zi kn le hu du n zhe shu sh yu lin zn
me dio do shu li le
d hu zi shu w men b yu lin lo shn li b
y sh hu zi men p do sh shn y zh l zhe y zh
y zh ji do shu li u zi zu xi min de xio hu zi shn shu
q lo yu lin t de shu n pn do shu yu lin ji b
ji n le hu zi men j u de hn q ui zh sh d hu zi
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wnshn shnli ysh
yzh ximin
yu li n b sh hi zi ti n shn m
ti tu y kn t rn jio le qi li yu lin b sh hi zi
ti n shn m
Words and expressions
Sentence
4
lo wn qn l y zh ji u
shn n pn ti
Characters
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Exercises in Class
i i
1 Learn to write.
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hu
hu
hu
hu
d yi d
2 Read aloud.
3 Expand and substitute.
54
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4
du hu
4 Dialogue
hu
hu
hu
hu
hu
hu
hu
hu
hu
shu yi shu k wn ni rn
5 Summarize the text.
55
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4
Reading
hu zi bi y m
A Monkey Harvests Corns
y zh hu zi zi shn p shn zhn le y pin y m qi ti n do
le d li de y m sh le y jn hun jn hun de hu
zi kn le fi chn o xn fi kui de po jn d li rn zhn de bi
q y m li t bi y e ji wn y xi ji y e ji y
e yu q bi ln y e bi ln y e sh y xi de y m bin
dio do le d shn zh yn b dun de bi y ji y b zh b
ju de d li de y m du bi un le k hu zi de shu l i qu
zh yu y e y m hu zi jn bu zh wn z j w mn
mn bi le hn du y m wi shn me zh shn y e ne
d ji y xin yi x in hu zi bi de y m do nr q le
ne
56
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4
Characters
y ji ln dun jn shn
ym jnhun rnzhn bdun b zhbju mnmn
Words and expressions
57
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4
xi ch di yu xi li pin pn b shu de z
1. Write characters with thegiven radicals below.
l
xun c ti n kn
2. Choose the right words to fill in the blanks.
hu
d yi d zi z c y
3. Read and form phrases.
Review 2
zn h li n x r
{ { { {58
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4
zho l zi xi j zi
4. Make sentences with the given expressions after the model.l
1
sn sh
2
3
d k wn tin kn
5. Fill in the blanks according to the text.
1 2
sn sh
3 hu
4
xin yi xin shu yi shu
6. Think and answer the followingquestions.
1 hu hu
2
59
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4
chn min b ju xio
ch ch wn t nio
y li fn y shn
hu lu zh du sho
TwoAncient Poems
sh r shu
7
chn xio
Tn Mn ho rn
4 60
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4
Tn L shn
mn nn
ch h r dn w
hn d h xi t
sh zh pn zhn cn
l l ji xn k
461
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4
Words and expressions
xio min wn t lu nn dn hn
d pn cn l j i xn k
xnk
Mn Horn L Shn
Meng Haoran Li Shen
Characters
zhun yu mn c
Proper nouns
62
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4
i i
1 Learn to write.
Exercises in Class
63
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78/154
4 64
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4
d yi d
2 Read aloud.
du hu
3 Dialogue
65
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4
d r
4 Read the Childrens Song.
b jin
m bin
bi sn k wn
5 Recite the text.
mn
sn
66
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4
Reading
Tn D m
sh r shu
Two Ancient Poems
shn xn
yun shn hn shn sh jn xi
bi yn shn ch yu rn ji
tn ch zu i fn ln wn
shun y hn y r yu hu
467
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4
lin hun l mn cu li
y hn bi l shn qn tin
chun hn x ln qin qi xu
mn b dn w wn l chun
Tn D f
ju j
xi mn cu qn hn
Characters
68
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4
SimaGuang
m un
8
zhn u di yu y e cn min de hi zi jio m un
y tin t h xio pn you men zi huyun li wnr yu
de zu yu x yu de p sh t rn d j i tn do
p tn y shn yun li sh xi yu y e d shu n
69
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4
cn x n zhun xi k jn hun
f kui sh jn z ji
Characters
pn you du xi k le b zh do zn m e bn zh yu m
un b jn hun t hn kui xin ch le y e bn f zho
li y kui d sh tou sh jn xin shu n z q shu n p
le shu li le chu li n e xio pn you d ji le
d ji du shu m un zhn cn min
yu e xio pn you b xio xn cn sh shn dio do shu n li le
shu n yu d yu shn l min zhun mn le shu bi de x io
70
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4
Words and expressions
cnmin yude yux bide zhyu bnf shtou
SmGun
SimaGuang
t men zi huyun li wnr yu de zu yu x yu d e psh
Sentence
zhun yu mn c
Proper noun
71
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4
i i
1 Learn to write.
Exercises in Class
72
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473
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4
3 Expand and substitute.
d yi d
2 Read aloud.
74
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4
du hu
4 Dialogue
(
)
75
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4
hushn dn xio sh hou sh e tio p de hi zi yu y c
f qn i le t y b xio f zi t o xn j le n qi f
zi ji wn hu yun li po t jin do y k xio sh sh jn y
kn ji b xi o sh kn do le t ju de hn ho wnr
k sh zh k sh sh t f qn zu x hun de f qn kn
jin z j xn i de xio sh bi kn do le fi chn shn q t
b zi ji de rn du jio li wn zh sh shi n de ji li
rn du bi xi hui le zh sh hushn dn hu li le kn jin f
qn shn q de yn zi xn li hn hi p dn t xin le y xi
hi sh zu do le f qn min qin shu b b du bu q sh
Reading
xin yi xin shu yi shu
5 Think and answer the following question.
?
hu shn dn de shi
The Story of President Washington
76
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4
sh w kn de w cu le f qn tn le y hu ji b zi
shn q le t pi pi hu shn dn de tu shu hi zi n
shu le sh hu nn u rn cu w hn o xn
hu shn dn hu li dn le mi u tn mi u de shu d hu
shn dn ji sh y t de mn zi mn mn de
zhun yu mn c
Proper noun
tio dn cu u zn mn
ti op xni hip nnu zntn mnmn
Hushndn
George Washington
Characters
Words and expressions
77
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4
The Boy Who Counted Stars
sh xn xi n de hi zi
9
xi ti n de y wn tin kn b mn le mn lin de xn
xi n y e hi zi zu zi yun zi li ko zhe ni ni yn
zhe tu sh ti n shn de xn xi n t y k y k de sh
sh le hn ji hi sh sh b wn
78
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4
zh sh xn xi n de hi zi jio zhn hn sh
nin qin de zhn u rn t n l xu x zhn d hu
chn l e zh mn de t in wn xu ji
sh kn ko yn k ji qn lin
sho l n l zh
ni ni xio zhe shu n me du xn xi n n nn sh de
qn m hi zi shu kn de jin ji nn sh de qn y
ye u li le shu hi zi n kn n q k xn lin
q li xin y b sho zi de sh bi du xn l t b yun
de n k n xn jio bi j xn
Characters
79
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4
Biduxn Bij xn Zhn Hn
Triones Polaris Zhang Heng
y ye u li le
Sentence
zhun yu mn c
Proper nouns
ywn mnlin xnxin shozi nl zhmn
Words and expressions
80
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4
i i
1 Learn to write.
Exercises i n Class
81
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4 82
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4
d yi d2 Read aloud.
3 Expand and substitute.
83
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4
xin yi xin shu yi shu
5 Think and answer the following question.
hn
du hu
4 Dialogue
84
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4
Reading
cn min de i d shn
Clever Edison
i d shn sh mi u de d f mn ji
t xio sh hou yu y tin y li m m d le j bn
y shn shu yo m shn zu shu sh n sh hi mi yu din dn
rn men du yn yu dn yu dn b u lin y shn b nn zu shu
sh d ji du hn zho j zh sh i d shn du me xin bn
zh m m y t t rn xin do y qin zi yn un xi wn jn
85
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4
zi sh jn zi k y j un m shn q ji li x du
jn zi fn zi m m de chun bin rn hu yu zi jn zi qin min fn
shn x du yu dn y xi zi fn jin li ji bin de mn lin du
le y shn mshn i t m m zu l e shu sh
k ji
d ji du shu sh cn min de i d shn ji le m m
sh yu zh y j i
shush dindn bnzh ynun
idshn
Edison
Characters
Words and expressions
zhun yu mn c
Proper noun
86
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4
lin yi lin z c y1. Link and form phrases.
i xi li z ji shn b shu zi z c y2. Make
characters and formphrases.
l
xun z tin kn
3. Choose the right characters to fill in the blanks.
1
2
Review 3
zn h l in x sn
87
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4
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
li n yi lin z c y
4. Link and form phrases.
zho l zi j zi
5. Complete the sentences with the given words after themodel.
l()
1
2
3
4
5
88
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4
shn me wn wn u ti n bin
shn me wn wn tn jin bin
yu lin wn wn u tin bin
chun r wn wn tn jin bin
shn me hn hn shu zhn yu
shn me hn hn zho mn tin
l y hn hn shu zhn yu
ti yn hn hn zho mn ti n
shn me j in ji n shu zhn w
shn me jin jin chn shn tin
mo b ji n j in shu zhn w
Ask and Answer
wn d
10
89
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4
hu ji n jin ji n chn shn tin
shn me yun yun sh shn u
shn me yun yun y chunchun
pn u yun yun sh shn u
p to yun yun y chun chun
d wn chun jin w mo
jin yun chun pn p to
Characters
Sentence
Words and expressions
shnme mob hujin pnu pto
shn me wn wn u tin bin
90
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4
i i
1 Learn to write.
Exercises i n Cl ass
91
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106/154
4 92
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4
d yi d
2 Read aloud.
3 Expand and substitute.
93
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4
du hu
4 Dialogue
94
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4
w yu y e t bi de pn you t de bn ln k d le
su rn t zhn tin di zi ji li dn sh ji shn de d sh xio sh t
du zh do
w chn chn h t xi q k sh b ln xi zhn u xin q hi
sh u j xin q sh de du sh w t k hu chn le
chn de hn ho tn t de zhn wn yn wn du hn ho t chn
chn bn zh w xu zhn wn w xi cu de z t du nn bn w
i zhn w x hun n t wn zhn yu x w mi ti n du l b
Reading
( 1)
( 2)
( 3)
t bi de pn you
A Special Friend
xin yi xin shu yi shu
5 Think and answer the following questions.
95
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4
t su zhn sh i yn
tbi surn bln uj izhn ynyun
Characters
Words and expressions
ki t
w zh e t bi de pn you mn zi ji jio din no su rn
kn qi li t de bn ln hn d dn sh mi yu w t shn
me du zu bu lio din no yn yun sh w de ho pn you
96
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4
TheLanguageof Nature
d z rn de y yn
11
rn yu y yn d z rn y yu y yn m yu de
d z rn de y yn k fn f le
n kn bi yn pio zi o o de ln tin shn mn ti n
y dn sh e qn tin n k y q n yun yu wn le
n kn d shn de m y zhn zi mn zhe bn ji ne tin
hn kui ji yo xi y le n ch mn k yo di shn y sn
97
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4
Words and expressions
de ho xu shen
n zi kn h li de bn hu le d shn de co l
le sh y zhn chu li le zh sh chn tin li le
d z rn de y yn du me fn f du me q mio
zh yu rn zhn xu x x xn un ch n ci nn kn de
jin tn de dn rn w men zu e i xu x i s ko
yn fn f qn bn sn bn
hu y mio x un ch dn
zrn yyn mntin zhnzi ysn chntin
dume fnf xxn unch
tmen zhn zi mn zhe bn ji ne
Characters
Sentence
98
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4
i i
1 Learn to write.
Exercises in Class
99
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114/154
4 100
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4
d yi d
2 Read aloud.
3 Expand and substitute.
101
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116/154
4
du hu
4 Dialogue
xin yi xin shu yi shu
5 Think and answer the following question.
102
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4
Reading
yo xi y le
It Will Soon Rain
yu y ti n xi o bi t o o xn xn de zu ch ji mn do
wi min q wnr t kn jin y zh xi o yn zi d d de fi uo li
ji wn xio yn zi n wi shn me fi de zh me d xi o yn zi
shu yo xi y le kn q hn sh chn zi de ch bn zhn le xio
shu zh t fi b o w yo zhu chn zi ch ji
di fi de d y xi n mi yu di y sn kui hu ji b
103
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4
Characters
xio bi t m shn wn hu zu
xio bi t zu do xio h bin kn jin xio y du yu do shu min
shn li le yu wn n men zn me yu shn li le xio y shu
yo xi y le shu li hn mn w men yu shn li tu tou q
xio bi t ji kui jio b wn hu yu kn jin y qn m y
zi bn ji m y shu xio bi t kui hu ji b yo xi y
le xio bi t o bi le m y fi kui de po t
n n po do ji d y ji xi qi li le
yn sh mn j io tu
ynzi chbn jiob my obi
Words and expressions
104
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4
Whats There on the Moon
yu lin shn yu shn me
12
yu lin shn yu shn me ne rn men hn zo hn zo y qin
ji xin kn e mn bi y ji li ji nin q yu r sh r
mi u de lin mn y hn yun d y c dn shn le yu qi sh
xin le rn li dn yu de mn xin
q yu sh li r t men zu b lu ho fi
105
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4
sh y e fi chn n jn de sh ji t men zi yu qi shn
n zu le lin e du xio sh hu fi l le yu qi q yu
r sh s r t men di zhe yu qi shn de n t h sh
kui n qun de hu do le d qi
y hn yun c qi sh li mn
ho d n fi sh ji
chun l ki le d qi fi chun fi de hn kui fi le sn tin
du ci do d yu qi y hn yun d ki mn kn jin yu qi
shn do ch du sh yn un do ch du sh sh tou h n t
kn b jin y zh fi nio tn b do y din shn yn yu qi
Characters
106
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4
zhun yu mn c
Proper noun
Words and expressions
yuqi shxin rnli dqi doch ynun
shnyn fichn njn shji xiosh nqun
Miu
TheUnited States of America
y ji li ji nin q yu r sh r t men dn shn le yu qi
Sentence
107
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4
i i
1 Learn to write.
Exercises in Class
108
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123/154
4109
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124/154
4
d yi d
2 Read aloud.
3 Expand and substitute.
110
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125/154
4
du hu
4 Dialogue
111
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4
?
xin yi xin shu yi shu
5 Think and answer the following question.
112
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4
y zh hu ji n tn kn r q b y k zhn u rn zo wi xn
sn shn le ln ti n
yu li n ji jie kn jin t qn qi de shu hun yn n zhn
u rn zo wi xn n sh zhn bi li xi li hi sh wn yi wn
ji hu q rn zo wi xn kn le kn yu lin ji jie shu
Readingrn zo wi xn
Satellites
4113
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4
Characters
Words and expressions
wi qi yn zhn li u
wixn qnqi hunyn zhnbi lnj xioxi
yu lin ji jie n ho w sh li n zu de shn bin
kn kn n
yu lin ji jie tn le xio zhe shu xi xie n xio d
di w men zu ho ln j
rn zo wi xn fi de o kn de yun t zh do fn yu du
d yn yu du hu nn yu kui yu zhn de b u fn xi y de
xio xi o su d qi shn de rn men xio pn you men du shu rn zo
wi xn dn u u tin q y bo ko t fn yn y xu qun zh
do zo f rn li n xin d
114
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4
xi ch di yu xi li pin pn b shu de z
1. Write characters with thegiven radicals below.
l
zi z c y
2. Write characters and form phrasesafter the model.
l
b yi b zi z c y
3. Compare andform phrases.
zn h lin x s
Review 4
{ { {115
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4
xun c y tin kn
4. Choose the right words to fill in the blanks.
1
2
3
4
xun z tin kn5. Choose the right characters to fill in the blanks.
1
2
3
zho l zi lin j zi
6. Link relevant phrases to form sentences after the model.
116
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4
b yi b zi z c y
1. Compare and form phrases.l
i cu bi z
2. Find out and correct the wrong characters after the model.l
1
2 3
xun c y tin kn
3. Choose the right words to fill in the blanks.
l
zn l in x
Exercises
{ { {
{
117
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4
1
2 S3
li n c chn j
4. Putthe given words in the correct order to make sentences.l
1
2
3
zho l zi xi j zi
5. Reconstruct the sentenceswith the given expressions after themodel.
l
1
2
118
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4
3
4
5
xun c y tin kn wn chn du hu
6. Complete the dialogue below withthe given words.
xin yi xin shu yi shu
7. Think and answer the following questions.
1
2
119
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4
n n
A 2 1 2bn bn bn b
B 11 5 11 5ci cn ch chn chn ch chun
C 4 7 11 1 1 4 10chun chun c cn
10 3 12 8d d dn do dn d dn dn
D 12 10 7 2 2 7 5 11f fi fn fn fn f f
F 8 12 2 11 1 4 11i n n n u un
G 5 6 8 3 6 11un
1hn hn ho h hu hun
H 7 12 12 5 11 8j jin j in ji n ji ji ji jn
J 5 10 4 10 7 6 12 1jn jn jn jn jn ji j i
8 1 8 2 3 9 8kn ko k kn k k kui
K 4 9 9 9 8 7 8
4
A lphabetic V ocabularyCompari son between Simpli fi edand Traditi onal ChineseCharacters
yn x shn z biojin fn du zho
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4
l lo li l l lL 6 6 12 9 9 2
l lin ln lu
7 9 3 7mo mi mn m min mio
M 10 2 12 3 7 11n nn n nun
N 12 7 9 4
pn pn pio pn pn pP 7 6 1 1 10 10
qin qio qn qn qi q q qun qn
Q 5 2 9 11 12 1 3 1 6r
R 3sn s shi sho shn shn sh
S 11 2 4 9 6 5 2sh sh sh sh sh
12 8 12 4 9 ti to t t tn t
T 6 10 1 7 3 5wn wn wn wn wn w
W 10 2 6 3 7 10x x xi xin xin xio
X 8 11 8 3 5 7xi xn xn xn
3 7 1 4yn yn yn yn y yn yn
Y 11 2 9 3 11 3 3yu y y yun yun yun
1 6 12 12 5 10z zho zhn zh zh zh zhun zu
Z 8 4 5 6 2 9 8 2
4121
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4
yn x shn c bio
A lphabeti c Glossary
A 12 12 2
i
B 11 8 4 8 11 5
C 4 1 10 10 3 11 12i
8 2
D 2 12 2 7 12 11 11
F 12 11
G 6 8 6 11 1 3 u
H 7 4 12 5 8 10 J 5 10 4 10 7 6
1 1 9 8
K 9 9 2 8 7 8
4 122
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4
L 6 9 3 9 7 i
M 10 2 12 3 11 2
9 11
N 1 5 1 5 12 9
4
P 7 6 1 10 10
Q 5 2 1 9 11 12 1
6
R 12 zi
S 11 4 6 9 6 5 o
10 2 12 8 2 8
12 12 4 9 1 1
T 6 1 3 5
W 10 2 6 3 10
4123
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4
X 2 8 11 6 8 3 5
i
12 5 1 1 9
Y 2 12 9 11 9 4 5
3 3 6 1 8 8
3 6 11 11 10 5
12
Z 8 4 3 1 5 11 5
8 2 2 9 8 11 5 2
4 124
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4
w de zhn wn shu pn sh bu sh yu l e hn d t o
1. zhr de jn s k zhn mi
2. fn r si n yu du ji n d tn h fn jin
3. ti yn b shi co b l
4. h shu j b xin lo ni shu de n yn qin y b xin sn
5. sh shu de n yn shn
yu lin b sh hi zi t in shn m
6. t men zi huyun li wnr yu de zu yu x yu de p sh
8. y ye u li le
9.
shnme wn wn u tin bin10.
tmen zhn zi mn zhe bn ji ne
11. y ji li ji nin q yu r sh r t men dn shn le yu qi
12.
j zi
Sentences
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4
din li hn pi wn u n
hn z b hu mn chn bio
Table of Chinese Characters Strokes
b hu
mn chn
l z
b hu
mn chn
l z
hn y sh u shu
sh sh wn u ji
pi rn sh t mn
n d sh zh shn
t x sh wn x
hn u xi sh wn u din
hn zh ku sh zh zh dn
hn zh u yu sh zh zh u nio
hn pi yu xi u w
hn zh t rn w u xn
hn zh wn u ji pi zh i
hn zh zh pi jin pi din n
hn zh zh zh u ni
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xi z b shn u z bio
Table of Stroke Order
( )( )( )( )
u z l z b shn
xin zhnjin hu lin bin
xin hn hu sh
xin pi hu n
cn shn do xi
cn zu do yu
cn wi do ni
cn ni do wi
xin l tou hu fn ku
sh
n
b
ti n
sn
zo
d
shu
tn
xin
shn
zh
r
yun
xio
shu
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4
Names of Radicals of Chinese Characters
1.
(This table lists some of the common radicals of Chinese characters for the convenience of teaching
and learning.)
2.
(Most of the radicals this table includes are not characters by themselvesor difficult to nameor
have confusing names. The radicals that are Chinese characters by themselves and easily pronounced
such as etc.have not beenlisted here.)
3.
(Some radicals have different namesbut this table only offers the most commonly used ones.)
Radical
Name
Examples
()
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Radical
Name
Examples
n
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Radical
Name
Examples
)
)
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Phonetic System of the Chinese Language
1957 11 1 60
Endorsed at the 60th meeting of the Plenary Session of the State Council on November 1st
1957.
1958 2 11
Approved at the 5th Session of the 1st National Peoples Congress of February 11st1958.
The A lphabet
(Alphabet)
(Name)
V
The letterv is onlyused inloanwordsethnic minority languages and dialects.
Theletters are writtenin the same way as the Latinalphabets.
The Initials
b p m f d t n l
g k h j q x
zh ch sh r z c s
zhchsh
When phonetic notations are given to Chinese characterszhch and sh can be abbreviated as
and to simplify the spelling.
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The Finals
1. i
zhichishirizicisi
Thefinal i is used in the seven syll ables of andand thus
theyarespelledrespectivelyaszhichishirizici and si.
2. er r ert hurThefinal iswritten as erbut as r when used as a tail finali.e.ert and hur.
3.
Thefinal iswrittenas whenusedindependently.4. yi yye yo you
yn yin yn yin yon Thefinalsinthei rowarewrittenas yi yye yo you yn
yin yn yin yon if noi nitialsprecedethem.u u oe
i
o
e
i
ei
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4 4
e eThe finals in the u row are written asu o e
e and e if no initi alsprecede them.
ueu
Thefinalsin the row are written asue and u i f noinit ials
precede themand thetwodotsof areomitted.
j q ju qu xu
nl n l When the finals in the row are used together with the i niti als of jq and xthey are written as
ju qu xu with the two dots of being omittedwhen they are used together
withtheinit ialsof n and l thetwodotsof are retained asin n and l .5. iouueiuen iuuiun:niuui lun When iouuei and uen arepr eceded by ini tialsthey are written as iuui and unsuch asin niu
ui and lun .6. n
Wh en phonetic notations are added to Chi nese charactersn may be abbreviated as to simplifythe spelli ng.
The Symbol s of Tones
high and level tone risingtone fallingrisingtone falling tone
The symbol of each tone is marked on the main vowel of a syllablebut it is omitted when the pro
nunciation is light. For example:
high and level tone
rising tone
fallingrising tone
falling tone
light pronunciation
The Syllable dividing Mark
oe
pio
When a syllable beginning with o e follows another syllable and the boundary of
t he two syllables are confusing the syllable dividing mark is used to separate them
i . e . pi o .
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4 4
i
A 7b b bi bi bi
B 1 9 6 1 11co ch chn ch chun chn
C 6 8 6 4 12 5d di do de d din dn dn du
D 2 12 12 9 5 5 11 5 2r r r
E 10 2 1fn fn
F 11 5o
G 8 10ho h h hi hn hu hu hun hu
H 8 3 9 6 6 10 10 6 3j ji jin ji
J 10 9 8 1ki kn ku
K 8 10 2li ln lo l e l li l
L 4 6 7 8 4 1 6m m mo mn men min m m
M 9 6 12 10 8 11 3 2ni nn no n nin nio ni
N 9 11 12 8 10 6 6q qin qi q
Q 1 10 5 4r rn rn r r
R 12 2 11 3 4sn shn shn sho shn shn sh sh sh sh shu shu
S 1 3 4 2 12 7 7 1 3 7 2 3shu s
8 1
jin fn du zhoyn x shn z bio
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4 4
t ti t tin tin tn tu t
T 10 11 12 5 3 7 2 3wi wn w w
W 10 7 7 1x x xi xi xin xio xi o xn xn xu xu
X 11 12 4 5 11 2 7 12 8 7 5yn yn y y y yu yu y y yun
Y 6 11 9 1 12 9 4 6 5 10yu yn
3 5zo zh zhn zhn zh zu z zu zu
Z 8 9 8 4 12 4 2 4 4
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4 4
b bn bo bo bn b bi b
B 10 12 5 7 2 2 6 2chn chn cn
C 11 5 11dn de de din dn du du
D 5 8 7 12 9 8 1 4
E 6f fn fn fi
F 10 6 3 9o i n n n u
G 3 5 1 5 8 7 12 11 10un un u u
4 9 11 5hi hi hi hn h hn h
H 6 4 12 1 9 8 9hu hu hun hu hu
11 1 1 6 12j ji ji n jin jin jin ji o
J 4 12 6 7 11 2 1jio jio ji jn j ju
11 2 5 3 5 8k ko k kui
K 5 7 6 12l l lin lin li l
L 12 2) 7 8 9 12m mi me mi mio mn mn m
M 2 5 8 4 10 11 8 11n n no
N 8 2 7pn
P 3
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4 4
q q qn qnQ 3 4 11 4
shi shn sh sh sh sh shu sh sh
S 3 8 9 6 6 2 6 2 10shun s s su
7 7 3 5t t tio tn
T 11 2 11 3wn wn wi wn w w w
W 5 7 8 3 3 12 12x x x xin xi xi xn xn
X 6 1 4 9 1 4 3 3y yn yo y y y yn yn yu yu yu y
Y 10 12 10 8 9 12 12 4 9 3 7 1yun
8zi zi zhn zhn zhe zhn zhn z z
Z 1 4 5 9 11 10 10 2 1zu zu zu zu
11 5 7 4
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4 4
b bo bi b bin bin bin bn b b
B 9 2 12 4 4 5 9 3 9 10ci ci cn chn chn chn ch chn chun chun
C 4 4 7 6 8 5 2 8 4 7d di di do d dn dn d d d din dio
D 9 9 3 1 10 1 2 7 1 10 2 11dio dn du
5 4 4fn fn f
F 2 4 2i n n n n n u ui u u
G 8 9 3 12 12 7 6 2 8 10 6hn hu h h hu hun huH 12 5 8 3 2 12 10
j j j ji o jio ji ji jn jn
J 8 11 6 1 5 1 11 11 4jn ji j ju
7 3 7 9k k k kun
K 8 12 2 1l ln lo ln l lin lin lu
L 1 12 4 5 12 6 3 7mn mn mn mo mo mi m
M 6 10 1 6 3 1 4n ne nn nn
N 2 2 11 12p po p pin pin pio p
P 10 5 9 9 12 5 9q q q q qin qin
Q 12 8 8 5 7 2rn rn rn
R 10 8 10
jin fn du zhoyn x shn z bio
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4 4
s si sho shn sh sh sh shu shu
S 12 10 3 12 7 3 8 7 5tn ti n tio tn tn tn t
T 6 6 5 1 1 2 6wn wn wi wn w
W 1 7 8 3 10xin xin xin xi o
X 6 2 7 11yn yn yn yo y y y y yn yun yun
Y 6 4 83 3 7 11 10 8 9 3zo zn zhn zhn zh zh zh zh zh zh zhun
Z 9 11 3 6 9 4 5 9 5 9 11zhu zhu z zu
10 11 6 4
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