Nasal Septal Deformities in Ear, Nose And Throat Patients : An International StudyPresented by Randy Anindito, S.Ked

Tutor : Dr. Eka Dian Safitri, Sp. THT

Introduction

There are many articles on nasal septal deformities in the rhinologic literature, however there lacks a standardized way for describing particular septal defect

Most of the articles is just describe septal deviation without precisive description

Studies have shown great differences in morphologic and cephalometric values in subjects from various geographic regions

Methods

There are 17th ENT department and colleagues were involved in this study

The aim of this multi-institutional study was to investigate the relative frequencies of particular types of septal deformity in ENT patients from various geographic regions

Study Design

The investigation was planned as a rough screening of the incidence of septal deformities based on examination of the nose (anterior rhinoscopy) without the use of nasal decongestion, superficial mucosal anesthesia, or an endo- scope

The classification of septal deformities was based on the classification system proposed by Mladina to precisely define the clinical finding of the nasal septum in a particular patient and to maximally standardize the examination of the nose in the various ENT centers

Fig. 2 Left-sided type 2 septal deformity

Fig. 3 Right-sided type 3 septal deformit

Fig. 4. (A) Type 3 in the right nasal cavity

(B) Type 2 in the left nasal cavity.

Fig. 5(A) Straight septum in the right nasal cavity. (B) Horizontal but still

ascendant septal spur in the left nasal cavity.*

Fig. 6. (A) Basal septal crest in the most anterior parts of the nasal septum. (B) Typical septal gutter and remarkable

intermaxillary bone wing (red arrow).

Fig. 7. (A) Bizarre deformity in the right nasal cavity. (B) Almost vertical deformity in the valve region of the left nasal cavity.

Fig. 8. A schematic depiction of the 7 types of septal deformities. The first 4 types are presented in bird’s-eye view,

whereas types 5 and 6 are presented in an anteroposterior view.

Results

The study was carried out on a total of 2589 subjects (1500 males and 1089 females).

The general incidence of septal deformity was 89.2% (Table 1). It was slightly higher in males (92.5%) than in females (84.6%).

Conclusions

Examination by anterior rhinoscopy showed that almost 90% of the ENT patients in the various geographic regions in the world had 1 of the 7 types of septal deformities.

Type 3 was the most frequently observed type. Its frequency rose with age. It is more frequent in female ENT patients than in male ENT patients.

Left-sided septal deformities were slightly more frequent than right-sided ones, particularly in females, but the differences are not statistically significant.

Thank YouCreated by Randy

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