Post on 06-Jan-2016
description
Connective TissueBringing Us All Together!
Introduction
• Understanding our next type of tissue is a challenge because it is composed of many different things• For us to grasp the aspects of
connective tissue, we have to imagine it much like a good bowl of gumbo
Introduction
• I am not normally one for soup…• A good bowl of seafood gumbo
is one of my favorite meals• It is created from many different
ingredients coming together to make a thick and rich soup that has one defined flavor• A good bowl of gumbo is a
defined meal made of many different parts
Connective Tissue
• Connective tissues vary wildly in appearance and function, however they all contain three basic things• Specialized cells • Extracellular protein fibers• A fluid (ground substance)
• These three things can be found throughout the body performing different functions
• When we talk about the combination of extracellular fibers and ground substance together, it is referred to as the matrix• The matrix makes up the large
part of most connective tissues• This is different than epithelium
where cells make up the majority of the tissue
Connective Tissue
Types of Connective Tissue
• There are three different types of connective tissue that are in the body• These three different types of
connective tissue can be found in different parts of the body• They all have wildly different
functions and properties
Types of Connective Tissue
• Connective tissue proper contains tissues with many different cells and extracellular fibers in a syrupy ground substance• This is a very broad category that
includes two main categories• Loose connective tissue has few
supporting fibers• Dense connective tissue has
many supporting fibers
Types of Connective Tissue
• Loose connective tissue contains tissues such as adipose tissue• Adipose tissue is commonly
referred to as fat• It is commonly used as a long
term storage mechanism• It has very loose groupings of
fibers to create a very loosely bound substance
Video
• Liposuction Surgery…• Kinda gross• Not for everyone…
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLu-nbFaRW4
Types of Connective Tissue
• Dense connective tissue has a larger number of fibers that make up the matrix• Tendons and ligaments are
examples of dense connective tissue• They are tough parts of the body
that have a strong and connection with other parts of the body
Video
• Ok… this is actual surgery• Please do not watch if you do
not want to • There will be cutting into skin,
blood and stitching of broken parts• You have been warned…
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hP2medWpDLE
Types of Connective Tissue
• Fluid connective tissues have a distinctive population of cells and dissolved proteins within a watery ground substance • This type of connective tissue is
circulated around the body • There are only two main types• Blood tissue• Lymph tissue
Video
• I really don’t know why I am assaulting you with gross things today• But here are some interesting
facts about blood
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mlx3-1E1c8U
Types of Connective Tissue
• Supporting connective tissues are tissues that have fewer cells and more supporting fibers • Supporting connective tissues
can either help protect parts of the body or support parts of the body• The two main types are• Cartilage• Bone
Connective Tissue Proper
• Connective tissue proper can be compared to retired/elderly people from New Jersey• Other than being important
members of our community… what do they do in the winter?• Their migration is similar to
connective tissue proper• Some retired/elderly people travel
to their winter home down south• While many of them stay in New
Jersey to be near their families
Connective Tissue Proper
• Permanent residents are cells that do not migrate around the body • They are locked in location and
often deal with energy storage and local maintenance• Migratory cells move around the
body• These cells will respond to issues
in different tissues around the body
Connective Tissue Proper
• There are several different types of permanent residents• Fibroblasts numerous in the
body and are the only cells always present in it• They secrete the proteins that
and carbohydrates that create the ground substance and the extracellular protein fibers
Connective Tissue Proper
• Fibrocytes are responsible for maintaining the extracellular fibers of connective tissue proper• Adipocytes (fat cells) are
composed of a large droplet of fat and all other organelles pushed off to the side• They are used for the long term
storage of energy
• Mast cells are located near blood vessels and release histamine
Connective Tissue Proper
• Mesenchymal cells are local stem cells that can create fibroblasts, macrophages or other connective tissue cells• Melanocytes store the pigment
melanin, which helps protect against radiation
Connective Tissue Proper
• Lymphocytes migrate throughout the body defending the body against disease• Macrophages are large
amoeboid cells that engulf damaged cells or pathogens that are in the tissues• Macro – Large• Phage – Eat or Consume
Dense Connective Tissue
• In dense regular connective tissue the fibers are parallel to each other and are allied to the forces being applied to each other• Tendons connect skeletal muscles
to bone• Ligaments connect bones
together or stabilize organs• Aponeurosis is a large flat sheet
that connects to large flat muscles to bones or muscles
Dense Connective Tissue
• Dense irregular connective tissue has an interwoven network of fibers• Often will strengthen and
support an area that receives forces from all directions• This is found in the skin• Leather is an excellent example