CONNECTIVE TISSUE. Origin of connective tissue cells.

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CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Transcript of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. Origin of connective tissue cells.

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CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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Origin of connective tissue cells

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LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• Characterized by loosely arranged fibers and an abundance of cells

• The primary location is :• beneath those epithelia that cover the body

surfaces and line the internal surfaces of the body

• In association with the epithelium of glands• surrounds the small vessels

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Loose connective tissue (scheme)

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Light micrograph of loose C.T.

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Connective tissue cells can be categorized as fixed and wandering

Fixed cell population Wandering cell population

- Fibroblasts - Lymphocytes- Myofibroblasts - Plasma cells- Macrophages - Neutrophils- Mast cells - Eosinophils- Adipose cells - Basophils- Reticular cells - Monocytes- Undifferentiated stem cells

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E.M. of fibroblast portion with the adjusting collagen fibers

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E.M. of a macrophage surrounded with collagen fibers

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L.M. of macrophages in liver (von Kupffer cells)

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Specific names of different location macrophages (macrophage

system)• Monocytes (blood)• Macrophages-histiocytes (connective tissue)• Dust cells (lung alveoli)• Kupffer cells (liver)• Langerhans cells (skin)• Hofbauer cells (placenta)• Osteoclasts (bone)• Microglia (brain)• Dendritic cells (lymphoid organs)• Microfold (M) cells (intestine)

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E.M. of a mast cell

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Physiologically active substances secreted by mast cells

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E.M. of adipocytes on different stages of maturation

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Plasma cell schematic representation

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NON-CELLULAR COMPONENTS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Fibers• Collagen fibers – forms the most abundant fibers of

connective tissue • Reticular fibers – provide a supporting framework for

the cellular constituents of lymphoid organs mostly• Elastic fibers – provide tissues with the ability to

respond to stretch and distension

Ground substance – consists largely of highly hydrated proteoglycans, of hyaluronic acid, and GAG (chodroitin-sulphate, heparan-sulphate, dermatan-sulphate, keratan-sulphate)

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CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUES

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DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE is characterized by an abundance of fibers and few cells. It forms the reticular or deep layer of the dermis

• DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE is characterized by ordered and densely packed arrays of fibers and cells. It is the main functional component of tendons, ligaments, aponevroses

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L.M. of a tendon, cross section