Post on 17-Jul-2015
Christ and Business CultureProfessor Kam-hon LeeCUHK Business SchoolThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Research Background
2
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Integrity• Sustains business• Promotes prosperity
3
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Competitive pressure• Temptation• Malpractices
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Professor Kam-hon Lee
Ethics• Behavior• Value conviction
5
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Calling• Salt and light• Marketplace
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Professor Kam-hon Lee
Research Design
7
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Research subjects• 119 executives• Practicing Christians
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Professor Kam-hon Lee
Critical incident• Observable behavior• Sufficiently complete
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Professor Kam-hon Lee
TYPE1 Christ against business cultureTYPE 2 Christ of
business culture
TYPE 3 Christ above business culture
TYPE 4 Christ and business culture in paradox
TYPE 5 Christ the transformer of business culture
H Richard Niebuhr Framework
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Professor Kam-hon Lee
Negotiation Styles Framework
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Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
Dominating
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Integrated Framework
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Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
DominatingChrist against business culture
1TYPE
Christ of business culture
2TYPE
Christ and business culture in paradox
4TYPE
Christ above business culture
3TYPE
Christ the transformer of business culture
5TYPE
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Variables• Key variable
• Response to an ethical challenge• Other variables
• Antecedents• Consequences
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Professor Kam-hon Lee
Data• 119 executives• 539 incidents• Coded by two co-authors
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Professor Kam-hon Lee
Research Findings
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Professor Kam-hon Lee
Results
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• Response to an ethical challenge• Focus on antecedents• China business• Christian corporate culture
Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
DominatingChrist against business culture
1TYPE
Christ of business culture
2TYPE
Christ and business culture in paradox
4TYPE
Christ above business culture
3TYPE
Christ the transformer of business culture
5TYPE
Professor Kam-hon Lee
China business
17
AvoidingChrist against business culture
1TYPE TYPE 1
Professor Kam-hon Lee
AvoidingChrist against business culture
• Unable to handle corruption practices
• Closed down China operation
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AvoidingChrist against business cultureTYPE 1
Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
DominatingChrist against business culture
1TYPE
Christ of business culture
2TYPE
Christ and business culture in paradox
4TYPE
Christ above business culture
3TYPE
Christ the transformer of business culture
5TYPE
Professor Kam-hon Lee
China business
19
CompromisingChrist and business culture in paradox
4TYPE TYPE 4
Professor Kam-hon Lee
CompromisingChrist and business culture in paradox
• Paid penalty in spite of innocence• Amount smaller than what violators
paid
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TYPE 4
Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
DominatingChrist against business culture
1TYPE
Christ of business culture
2TYPE
Christ and business culture in paradox
4TYPE
Christ above business culture
3TYPE
Christ the transformer of business culture
5TYPE
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Christian corporate culture
21
DominatingChrist the transformer of business culture
5TYPE TYPE 5
Professor Kam-hon Lee
DominatingChrist the transformer of business culture
• No intermediary roles for MNCs• Only two new clients per year
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TYPE 5
Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
DominatingChrist against business culture
1TYPE
Christ of business culture
2TYPE
Christ and business culture in paradox
4TYPE
Christ above business culture
3TYPE
Christ the transformer of business culture
5TYPE
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Christian corporate culture
23
Self
YieldingChrist of business culture
2TYPE TYPE 2TYPE 2
Professor Kam-hon Lee
TYPE 2Not YieldingNot Christ of business culture
• No more in-company fellowship meetings
• Operating like an ordinary plant
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Professor Kam-hon Lee
Normative reflection
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• Beyond positive science• Prescriptive directive
Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
DominatingChrist against business culture
1TYPE
Christ of business culture
2TYPE
Christ and business culture in paradox
4TYPE
Christ above business culture
3TYPE
Christ the transformer of business culture
5TYPE
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Normative reflection
26
AvoidingChrist against business culture
1TYPE TYPE 1
Professor Kam-hon Lee
AvoidingChrist against business culture
• Christian corporate culture• Not going public in spite of success
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TYPE 1
Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
DominatingChrist against business culture
1TYPE
Christ of business culture
2TYPE
Christ and business culture in paradox
4TYPE
Christ above business culture
3TYPE
Christ the transformer of business culture
5TYPE
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Normative reflection
28
YieldingChrist of business culture
2TYPE TYPE 2
Professor Kam-hon Lee
YieldingChrist of business culture
• China business• Nurturing guanxi
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TYPE 2
Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
DominatingChrist against business culture
1TYPE
Christ of business culture
2TYPE
Christ and business culture in paradox
4TYPE
Christ above business culture
3TYPE
Christ the transformer of business culture
5TYPE
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Normative reflection
30
IntegratingChrist above business culture
3TYPE TYPE 3
Professor Kam-hon Lee
IntegratingChrist above business culture
• China business• Investing in safety equipments
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TYPE 3
Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
DominatingChrist against business culture
1TYPE
Christ of business culture
2TYPE
Christ and business culture in paradox
4TYPE
Christ above business culture
3TYPE
Christ the transformer of business culture
5TYPE
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Normative reflection
32
CompromisingChrist and business culture in paradox
4TYPE TYPE 4
Professor Kam-hon Lee
CompromisingChrist and business culture in paradox
• Christian corporate culture• Trapping a disloyal senior executive
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TYPE 4
Self
Other
Avoiding
Yielding
Compromising
Integrating
DominatingChrist against business culture
1TYPE
Christ of business culture
2TYPE
Christ and business culture in paradox
4TYPE
Christ above business culture
3TYPE
Christ the transformer of business culture
5TYPE
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Normative reflection
34
DominatingChrist the transformer of business culture
5TYPE TYPE 5
Professor Kam-hon Lee
DominatingChrist the transformer of business culture
• China business• Prayer and miracle
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TYPE 5
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Conclusion
36
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Righteousness & Profitableness
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H Richard NiebuhrTypes
NegotiationStyles
5 types 5 styles
Equal righteousness Different profitableness
Professor Kam-hon Lee
Integrated Framework• Upholds righteousness• Understands profitableness
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