Knee Alignment Verification System Utilizing Visual
Recognition Technology and Imaging
Senior Design ProjectMegan Luh
Hao LuoMarch 23 2010
Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)One of the most common
orthopedic procedures performed
Surgeon removes damaged bone surfaces using implant specific jigs
Attaches implants that mimic shape of the natural knee
90% successful but 10% are misaligned
Cause pain and will require another surgery
Solutions to the alignment problemPraxim Computer
guidance systemThree trackers attached
to infrared camerasPlaced on pelvis, femur,
and tibiaAccuracy of system
depends on surgeon placement of trackers
CostlyRequires set up and take
down time
AnalysisProblem Statement
Current methods of limb alignment are costly and time consuming
Dependent on individual surgeon skill for accurate calibration
Performance CriteriaConstrained by surgical
space, time, and resources
Limited by lens quality, camera resolution and frame rate, and noise level
Primary ObjectiveProof of Concept that
visual recognition software can be applied to the field of limb alignment in real-time for surgical procedures
Improve the method of limb alignment used during surgical procedures
Create a new method that is more efficient, can be used in real-time, more economically profitable for hospitals.
FactorsParameters
Quality is determined by the speed, accuracy, and precision of the computer algorithm
Overall operating costs are reduced with a faster system
Patient and surgeon both benefit from a faster, more accurate system
Average operating room costs = $1000.00 per min
Surgical costsDoctor visits; pre
surgery and exams (total 3) $512
MRI $992.00 Hospital $4,909 Anesthesia 718.20 Doctor Charge: $3591
(surgery) total amounts
=10,722.20
MarkerDesigning a cross shape
marker with some spheres on it to mark the x-ray
Use a biocompatible, disposable plastic with an x-ray contrast medium: polyethylene, polycarbonate
It consists of four spheres connected in a cross configuration
The two pairs of spheres vary in size and in color
ConclusionThe goal of this project is to accomplish a
proof of concept that visual recognition software can be applied to the field of orthopedic limb alignment in a real-time surgical procedure.
So far, we have solidified the goal and mapped out the details of software implementation.
Futures works include creating the software, troubleshooting, and testing the result.
ReferencesDuda, R. O. and P. E. Hart, "Use of the Hough
Transformation to Detect Lines and Curves in Pictures," Comm. ACM, Vol. 15, pp. 11–15 (January, 1972).
Bradski, Gary, and Adrian Kaehler. "Image Transforms, Contours, Project and 3D vision." In Learning OpenCV: Computer Vision with the OpenCV Library. 1st ed. Sebastopol: O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2008. 109-141, 144-190, 222-251, 370-458.
Chleborad, Aaron. "OpenCV's cvReprojectImageTo3D." Graduate Student Robotics Blog. http://people.cis.ksu.edu/~aaron123/?m=20090629 (accessed December 18, 2009).
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