LatinAmerica:THEFIGHTFORINDEPENDENCE
StandardSS6H2:TheStudentwillexplainthedevelopmentofLatinAmerica
andtheCaribbeanfromEuropeanColoniestoIndependentNations.
MapoftheSpanish(Red)&Portuguese(Blue)Empires1596-1626
Whatwashappeningatthetimeofcolonizationin
LatinAmerica??
SlaveryinLatinAmerica
• SpanishlookedtotheIndianstomineforgoldandsilverandtogrowcrops.• Indiansbecameinshortsupplybecauseofwarfareanddiseases
AfricanSlaveTrade• SoontheSpanishlookedtoAfricaforlabor.AfricanswerebroughtovertotheAmericasbyboatinthe1500’s.
OverviewofSlaveTrade1500-1900
AfricanSlaveryintheAmericas• Africanswereforcedtoworkinminesandplantationsforover300years!• Slavesoftenenduredroughtreatment.
EffectsofSlaveryinLatinAmerica:
• ManyLatinAmericanshaveancestorsfromAfrica.• ManyLatinAmericancountriesareverypoorbecausemuchofthewealthwasshippedbacktoEurope.
HowdidcolonizationaffectLatinAmerica?
Spanish&PortugueseInfluence• SpanishandPortuguesearethetwomainlanguagesofLatinAmerica.
Languages=Spanish(Green),Portuguese(Orange),French(Blue)
Pre-ColumbianIndianLanguagesstillspokeninthe21st Century
• Quechua(Inca)=Blue• Nahuatl(Aztec)=Red• Mayan(Maya)=Green
ReligioninLatinAmerica• TheIndiansofLatinAmericawereforcedintoconvertingtoChristianity.• ThemainreligionofLatinAmericaisRomanCatholic.Duringthecolonialperiod,thegovernmentsofSpainandPortugalwereRomanCatholic.TheypaidformissionstotheNewWorld(LatinAmerica).
CristoRedentor- “ChristtheRedeemer”(inRiodeJaneiro,Brazil)
LatinAmerica’sIndependenceMovement• ThegovernmentsofSpainandPortugalruledmostofL.A.fornearly300years.
• LatinAmericansruledbyEuropeansbegantofeelrestless.
Independence?• Peoplebegantothinkaboutwhatitwouldbeliketobefree.
• TheAmericanRevolutionin1776gavesomeLatinAmericanstheideathattheytoocouldbefree.
Independence?
• IndependencemovementsbeganinmanyLatinAmericancountries,suchasHaiti,Mexico,Bolivia,andVenezuela;beginninginthe1700’s.
Haiti– ToussaintL’Ouverture
• L’Ouverturewasablackfreedomfighter.
• HeledslaverevoltsinHaiti&laterbecamegovernor.
ToussaintL’Ouverture
• TheFrenchRevolutiongrantedfreedomtoallblacks;L’OuverturewantedthesameinHaiti.
• In1791,theFrenchgovernmentchangeditsmindandtookbackthefreedomofslaves.
• L’OuvertureledaslavearmyanddefeatedtheFrenchArmy!
ToussaintL’Ouverture
• L’OuverturewaslaterarrestedbytheFrenchandsenttoFrance.Hediedinprisonshortlyafter.• Within2years,thepeopleofHaitideclaredtheirindependence.
SimonBolivar
• BolivarwasaleaderinwarsforindependenceinSouthAmerica.
• HeandhisfollowersfoughtagainsttheSpanish.
SimonBolivar
• ThroughBolivar’sefforts,independencewasachievedinthecountriesof:–Bolivia–Colombia–Ecuador–Panama–Peru–Venezuela
SimonBolivar• Knownas“TheLiberator” orthe“GeorgeWashington” ofSouthAmerica.
Bolivar’s birthplace in Caracas, Venezuela (1783-1830)
SimonBolivar’sLegacy• Venezuela’scoinmoneycalledtheBolivar,aswellas100’sofmonumentsthroughoutSouthAmerica.
Mexico– MiguelHidalgo
• KnownastheFatherofIndependenceinMexico
• HewasapriestwholedapeasantarmyagainsttheSpanish.
• Theywonsomebattles,buteventuallyhewascapturedandexecuted.
• Hedidnotlivetoseeindependence.
MiguelHidalgo
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