Latin America: THE FIGHT FOR INDEPENDENCE
Transcript of Latin America: THE FIGHT FOR INDEPENDENCE
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LatinAmerica:THEFIGHTFORINDEPENDENCE
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StandardSS6H2:TheStudentwillexplainthedevelopmentofLatinAmerica
andtheCaribbeanfromEuropeanColoniestoIndependentNations.
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MapoftheSpanish(Red)&Portuguese(Blue)Empires1596-1626
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Whatwashappeningatthetimeofcolonizationin
LatinAmerica??
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SlaveryinLatinAmerica
• SpanishlookedtotheIndianstomineforgoldandsilverandtogrowcrops.• Indiansbecameinshortsupplybecauseofwarfareanddiseases
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AfricanSlaveTrade• SoontheSpanishlookedtoAfricaforlabor.AfricanswerebroughtovertotheAmericasbyboatinthe1500’s.
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OverviewofSlaveTrade1500-1900
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AfricanSlaveryintheAmericas• Africanswereforcedtoworkinminesandplantationsforover300years!• Slavesoftenenduredroughtreatment.
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EffectsofSlaveryinLatinAmerica:
• ManyLatinAmericanshaveancestorsfromAfrica.• ManyLatinAmericancountriesareverypoorbecausemuchofthewealthwasshippedbacktoEurope.
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HowdidcolonizationaffectLatinAmerica?
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Spanish&PortugueseInfluence• SpanishandPortuguesearethetwomainlanguagesofLatinAmerica.
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Languages=Spanish(Green),Portuguese(Orange),French(Blue)
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Pre-ColumbianIndianLanguagesstillspokeninthe21st Century
• Quechua(Inca)=Blue• Nahuatl(Aztec)=Red• Mayan(Maya)=Green
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ReligioninLatinAmerica• TheIndiansofLatinAmericawereforcedintoconvertingtoChristianity.• ThemainreligionofLatinAmericaisRomanCatholic.Duringthecolonialperiod,thegovernmentsofSpainandPortugalwereRomanCatholic.TheypaidformissionstotheNewWorld(LatinAmerica).
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CristoRedentor- “ChristtheRedeemer”(inRiodeJaneiro,Brazil)
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LatinAmerica’sIndependenceMovement• ThegovernmentsofSpainandPortugalruledmostofL.A.fornearly300years.
• LatinAmericansruledbyEuropeansbegantofeelrestless.
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Independence?• Peoplebegantothinkaboutwhatitwouldbeliketobefree.
• TheAmericanRevolutionin1776gavesomeLatinAmericanstheideathattheytoocouldbefree.
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Independence?
• IndependencemovementsbeganinmanyLatinAmericancountries,suchasHaiti,Mexico,Bolivia,andVenezuela;beginninginthe1700’s.
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Haiti– ToussaintL’Ouverture
• L’Ouverturewasablackfreedomfighter.
• HeledslaverevoltsinHaiti&laterbecamegovernor.
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ToussaintL’Ouverture
• TheFrenchRevolutiongrantedfreedomtoallblacks;L’OuverturewantedthesameinHaiti.
• In1791,theFrenchgovernmentchangeditsmindandtookbackthefreedomofslaves.
• L’OuvertureledaslavearmyanddefeatedtheFrenchArmy!
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ToussaintL’Ouverture
• L’OuverturewaslaterarrestedbytheFrenchandsenttoFrance.Hediedinprisonshortlyafter.• Within2years,thepeopleofHaitideclaredtheirindependence.
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SimonBolivar
• BolivarwasaleaderinwarsforindependenceinSouthAmerica.
• HeandhisfollowersfoughtagainsttheSpanish.
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SimonBolivar
• ThroughBolivar’sefforts,independencewasachievedinthecountriesof:–Bolivia–Colombia–Ecuador–Panama–Peru–Venezuela
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SimonBolivar• Knownas“TheLiberator” orthe“GeorgeWashington” ofSouthAmerica.
Bolivar’s birthplace in Caracas, Venezuela (1783-1830)
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SimonBolivar’sLegacy• Venezuela’scoinmoneycalledtheBolivar,aswellas100’sofmonumentsthroughoutSouthAmerica.
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Mexico– MiguelHidalgo
• KnownastheFatherofIndependenceinMexico
• HewasapriestwholedapeasantarmyagainsttheSpanish.
• Theywonsomebattles,buteventuallyhewascapturedandexecuted.
• Hedidnotlivetoseeindependence.
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MiguelHidalgo