IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT
OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES INOF PESTICIDE RESIDUES INOF PESTICIDE RESIDUES INOF PESTICIDE RESIDUES INOF PESTICIDE RESIDUES INOF PESTICIDE RESIDUES INOF PESTICIDE RESIDUES INOF PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN
FLESH FROM FARMED AND WILD FLESH FROM FARMED AND WILD FLESH FROM FARMED AND WILD FLESH FROM FARMED AND WILD FLESH FROM FARMED AND WILD FLESH FROM FARMED AND WILD FLESH FROM FARMED AND WILD FLESH FROM FARMED AND WILD
CirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhina mrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigala
Shahid Shahid Shahid Shahid Shahid Shahid Shahid Shahid MahboobMahboobMahboobMahboobMahboobMahboobMahboobMahboob
GC University, Faisalabad, PakistanGC University, Faisalabad, PakistanGC University, Faisalabad, PakistanGC University, Faisalabad, PakistanGC University, Faisalabad, PakistanGC University, Faisalabad, PakistanGC University, Faisalabad, PakistanGC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
0BJECTIVES0BJECTIVES0BJECTIVES0BJECTIVES0BJECTIVES0BJECTIVES0BJECTIVES0BJECTIVES
�� Identification and measurement of pesticide Identification and measurement of pesticide Identification and measurement of pesticide Identification and measurement of pesticide Identification and measurement of pesticide Identification and measurement of pesticide Identification and measurement of pesticide Identification and measurement of pesticide
residues in fish flesh from wild and farmed residues in fish flesh from wild and farmed residues in fish flesh from wild and farmed residues in fish flesh from wild and farmed residues in fish flesh from wild and farmed residues in fish flesh from wild and farmed residues in fish flesh from wild and farmed residues in fish flesh from wild and farmed
habitathabitathabitathabitathabitathabitathabitathabitat
�� To assess the pesticide contamination levels To assess the pesticide contamination levels To assess the pesticide contamination levels To assess the pesticide contamination levels To assess the pesticide contamination levels To assess the pesticide contamination levels To assess the pesticide contamination levels To assess the pesticide contamination levels
in fish meat being consumed by human in fish meat being consumed by human in fish meat being consumed by human in fish meat being consumed by human in fish meat being consumed by human in fish meat being consumed by human in fish meat being consumed by human in fish meat being consumed by human
�� To create awareness particularly among food To create awareness particularly among food To create awareness particularly among food To create awareness particularly among food To create awareness particularly among food To create awareness particularly among food To create awareness particularly among food To create awareness particularly among food
technologists and also among consumers technologists and also among consumers technologists and also among consumers technologists and also among consumers technologists and also among consumers technologists and also among consumers technologists and also among consumers technologists and also among consumers
about healthabout healthabout healthabout healthabout healthabout healthabout healthabout health hazards caused by pesticide hazards caused by pesticide hazards caused by pesticide hazards caused by pesticide hazards caused by pesticide hazards caused by pesticide hazards caused by pesticide hazards caused by pesticide
residues.residues.residues.residues.residues.residues.residues.residues.Do n
ot dis
semina
te with
out a
uthor
autho
rizati
on
INDIAN MAJOR CARPSINDIAN MAJOR CARPSINDIAN MAJOR CARPSINDIAN MAJOR CARPSINDIAN MAJOR CARPSINDIAN MAJOR CARPSINDIAN MAJOR CARPSINDIAN MAJOR CARPS
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
ROHUROHUROHUROHUROHUROHUROHUROHU
LabeoLabeo rohitarohita
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
THAILATHAILATHAILATHAILATHAILATHAILATHAILATHAILA
CatlaCatla catlacatla
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
MORIMORIMORIMORIMORIMORIMORIMORI
CirrhinaCirrhina mrigalamrigala
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
MATERIALS AND METHODSMATERIALS AND METHODSMATERIALS AND METHODSMATERIALS AND METHODSMATERIALS AND METHODSMATERIALS AND METHODSMATERIALS AND METHODSMATERIALS AND METHODS
Procurement and Processing of FishProcurement and Processing of FishProcurement and Processing of FishProcurement and Processing of FishProcurement and Processing of FishProcurement and Processing of FishProcurement and Processing of FishProcurement and Processing of Fish
Fish samples of two weight categories WFish samples of two weight categories WFish samples of two weight categories WFish samples of two weight categories WFish samples of two weight categories WFish samples of two weight categories WFish samples of two weight categories WFish samples of two weight categories W11111111 (501(501(501(501(501(501(501(501--------
900g) and W900g) and W900g) and W900g) and W900g) and W900g) and W900g) and W900g) and W22222222 (901(901(901(901(901(901(901(901--------1300g) of farmed and wild 1300g) of farmed and wild 1300g) of farmed and wild 1300g) of farmed and wild 1300g) of farmed and wild 1300g) of farmed and wild 1300g) of farmed and wild 1300g) of farmed and wild
CirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhina mrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigala were captured with the help of were captured with the help of were captured with the help of were captured with the help of were captured with the help of were captured with the help of were captured with the help of were captured with the help of
gill net from Fish Farm and River gill net from Fish Farm and River gill net from Fish Farm and River gill net from Fish Farm and River gill net from Fish Farm and River gill net from Fish Farm and River gill net from Fish Farm and River gill net from Fish Farm and River ChenabChenabChenabChenabChenabChenabChenabChenab & & & & & & & &
JehlumJehlumJehlumJehlumJehlumJehlumJehlumJehlum. Flesh samples were taken out, weighed . Flesh samples were taken out, weighed . Flesh samples were taken out, weighed . Flesh samples were taken out, weighed . Flesh samples were taken out, weighed . Flesh samples were taken out, weighed . Flesh samples were taken out, weighed . Flesh samples were taken out, weighed
and oven dried at 65and oven dried at 65and oven dried at 65and oven dried at 65and oven dried at 65and oven dried at 65and oven dried at 65and oven dried at 65--------7070707070707070OOOOOOOOC for 24 hours and C for 24 hours and C for 24 hours and C for 24 hours and C for 24 hours and C for 24 hours and C for 24 hours and C for 24 hours and
finally ground for analysis. finally ground for analysis. finally ground for analysis. finally ground for analysis. finally ground for analysis. finally ground for analysis. finally ground for analysis. finally ground for analysis.
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
PREPARATION OF SAMPLESPREPARATION OF SAMPLESPREPARATION OF SAMPLESPREPARATION OF SAMPLESPREPARATION OF SAMPLESPREPARATION OF SAMPLESPREPARATION OF SAMPLESPREPARATION OF SAMPLES
10g of dried fish meat sample and 25ml ethyl 10g of dried fish meat sample and 25ml ethyl 10g of dried fish meat sample and 25ml ethyl 10g of dried fish meat sample and 25ml ethyl 10g of dried fish meat sample and 25ml ethyl 10g of dried fish meat sample and 25ml ethyl 10g of dried fish meat sample and 25ml ethyl 10g of dried fish meat sample and 25ml ethyl
acetate was added in it. Extraction flasks were acetate was added in it. Extraction flasks were acetate was added in it. Extraction flasks were acetate was added in it. Extraction flasks were acetate was added in it. Extraction flasks were acetate was added in it. Extraction flasks were acetate was added in it. Extraction flasks were acetate was added in it. Extraction flasks were
kept out in Shaker for two hours at 55 kept out in Shaker for two hours at 55 kept out in Shaker for two hours at 55 kept out in Shaker for two hours at 55 kept out in Shaker for two hours at 55 kept out in Shaker for two hours at 55 kept out in Shaker for two hours at 55 kept out in Shaker for two hours at 55
cycles/min. The extract was filtered and cycles/min. The extract was filtered and cycles/min. The extract was filtered and cycles/min. The extract was filtered and cycles/min. The extract was filtered and cycles/min. The extract was filtered and cycles/min. The extract was filtered and cycles/min. The extract was filtered and
evaporated using rotary evaporator.evaporated using rotary evaporator.evaporated using rotary evaporator.evaporated using rotary evaporator.evaporated using rotary evaporator.evaporated using rotary evaporator.evaporated using rotary evaporator.evaporated using rotary evaporator.
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
RESULTSRESULTSRESULTSRESULTSRESULTSRESULTSRESULTSRESULTS
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
TableTableTableTableTableTableTableTable--------1: Analysis of variance for concentration (1: Analysis of variance for concentration (1: Analysis of variance for concentration (1: Analysis of variance for concentration (1: Analysis of variance for concentration (1: Analysis of variance for concentration (1: Analysis of variance for concentration (1: Analysis of variance for concentration (ppmppmppmppmppmppmppmppm) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of
peticidepeticidepeticidepeticidepeticidepeticidepeticidepeticide residues, in the flesh of two weight categories of residues, in the flesh of two weight categories of residues, in the flesh of two weight categories of residues, in the flesh of two weight categories of residues, in the flesh of two weight categories of residues, in the flesh of two weight categories of residues, in the flesh of two weight categories of residues, in the flesh of two weight categories of
farmed and wild farmed and wild farmed and wild farmed and wild farmed and wild farmed and wild farmed and wild farmed and wild CirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhina mrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigala determined by HPLC method. determined by HPLC method. determined by HPLC method. determined by HPLC method. determined by HPLC method. determined by HPLC method. determined by HPLC method. determined by HPLC method.
1.371.371.371.371.371.371.371.37335335335335335335335335TotalTotalTotalTotalTotalTotalTotalTotal
0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06288288288288288288288288ErrorErrorErrorErrorErrorErrorErrorError
34.86**34.86**34.86**34.86**34.86**34.86**34.86**34.86**0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.080.080.080.080.080.080.080.081111111111111111P x FW x WCP x FW x WCP x FW x WCP x FW x WCP x FW x WCP x FW x WCP x FW x WCP x FW x WC
2.562.562.562.562.562.562.562.56NSNSNSNSNSNSNSNS0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.00111111111FW x WCFW x WCFW x WCFW x WCFW x WCFW x WCFW x WCFW x WC
11.88**11.88**11.88**11.88**11.88**11.88**11.88**11.88**0.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.031111111111111111P x WCP x WCP x WCP x WCP x WCP x WCP x WCP x WC
1.911.911.911.911.911.911.911.91NSNSNSNSNSNSNSNS0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.0011111111Weight Categories Weight Categories Weight Categories Weight Categories Weight Categories Weight Categories Weight Categories Weight Categories (WC)(WC)(WC)(WC)(WC)(WC)(WC)(WC)
62.24**62.24**62.24**62.24**62.24**62.24**62.24**62.24**0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.150.150.150.150.150.150.150.151111111111111111P x FWP x FWP x FWP x FWP x FWP x FWP x FWP x FW
16.11**16.11**16.11**16.11**16.11**16.11**16.11**16.11**0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.00411111111Farmed x Wild (FW)Farmed x Wild (FW)Farmed x Wild (FW)Farmed x Wild (FW)Farmed x Wild (FW)Farmed x Wild (FW)Farmed x Wild (FW)Farmed x Wild (FW)
436.39*436.39*436.39*436.39*436.39*436.39*436.39*436.39*********
0.090.090.090.090.090.090.090.091.041.041.041.041.041.041.041.041111111111111111Pesticides (P)Pesticides (P)Pesticides (P)Pesticides (P)Pesticides (P)Pesticides (P)Pesticides (P)Pesticides (P)
F. ValueF. ValueF. ValueF. ValueF. ValueF. ValueF. ValueF. ValueM.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.S.D.F.D.F.D.F.D.F.D.F.D.F.D.F.D.F.S.O.V.S.O.V.S.O.V.S.O.V.S.O.V.S.O.V.S.O.V.S.O.V.
** = Highly significant (P<0.01) NS = Non** = Highly significant (P<0.01) NS = Non** = Highly significant (P<0.01) NS = Non** = Highly significant (P<0.01) NS = Non** = Highly significant (P<0.01) NS = Non** = Highly significant (P<0.01) NS = Non** = Highly significant (P<0.01) NS = Non** = Highly significant (P<0.01) NS = Non--------significant (P>0.05) significant (P>0.05) significant (P>0.05) significant (P>0.05) significant (P>0.05) significant (P>0.05) significant (P>0.05) significant (P>0.05)
HPLC = High Performance Liquid ChromatographyHPLC = High Performance Liquid ChromatographyHPLC = High Performance Liquid ChromatographyHPLC = High Performance Liquid ChromatographyHPLC = High Performance Liquid ChromatographyHPLC = High Performance Liquid ChromatographyHPLC = High Performance Liquid ChromatographyHPLC = High Performance Liquid ChromatographyDo n
ot dis
semina
te with
out a
uthor
autho
rizati
on
TableTableTableTableTableTableTableTable--------2: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (2: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (2: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (2: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (2: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (2: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (2: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (2: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (ppmppmppmppmppmppmppmppm) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of pesticide residues in the flesh of two weight categories of farepesticide residues in the flesh of two weight categories of farepesticide residues in the flesh of two weight categories of farepesticide residues in the flesh of two weight categories of farepesticide residues in the flesh of two weight categories of farepesticide residues in the flesh of two weight categories of farepesticide residues in the flesh of two weight categories of farepesticide residues in the flesh of two weight categories of fared d d d d d d d CirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhina mrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigala as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC.
0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.006Total meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal mean
0.140.140.140.140.140.140.140.14±±0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009 CCCCCCCC0.120.120.120.120.120.120.120.12±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 ffffffff0.170.170.170.170.170.170.170.17±±0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009 ccccccccIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturon
0.090.090.090.090.090.090.090.09±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 FFFFFFFF0.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13±±0.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.007 efefefefefefefef0.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 jkljkljkljkljkljkljkljklCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfan
0.0240.0240.0240.0240.0240.0240.0240.024±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 KLKLKLKLKLKLKLKL0.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.02±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 nopnopnopnopnopnopnopnop0.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.03±±0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 mnmnmnmnmnmnmnmn
CypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrin
0.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 HIHIHIHIHIHIHIHI0.080.080.080.080.080.080.080.08±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 ghghghghghghghgh0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01±±0.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.007 nopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopqChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphos
0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009±±0.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.0001MNMNMNMNMNMNMNMN
0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009±±0.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.0001opqopqopqopqopqopqopqopq
0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01±±0.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.0001opqopqopqopqopqopqopqopq
MalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathion
0.1640.1640.1640.1640.1640.1640.1640.164±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 BBBBBBBB0.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.16±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 cdcdcdcdcdcdcdcd0.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.16±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 cdcdcdcdcdcdcdcdDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoate
0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 GGGGGGGG0.070.070.070.070.070.070.070.07±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 ijijijijijijijij0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 ijijijijijijijijParathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion methylmethylmethylmethylmethylmethylmethylmethyl
0.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.03±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 JKJKJKJKJKJKJKJK0.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.02±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 mnmnmnmnmnmnmnmn0.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.03±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 lmlmlmlmlmlmlmlmDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinon
0.110.110.110.110.110.110.110.11±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 EEEEEEEE0.080.080.080.080.080.080.080.08±±0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009 hihihihihihihihi0.150.150.150.150.150.150.150.15±±0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009 dedededededededeCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuran
0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 IJIJIJIJIJIJIJIJ0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01±±0.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.005 opqopqopqopqopqopqopqopq0.080.080.080.080.080.080.080.08±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 hihihihihihihihiMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophos
0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.008±±0.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.0004MNMNMNMNMNMNMNMN
0.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.007±±0.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.0004 pqpqpqpqpqpqpqpq0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01±±0.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.0003opqopqopqopqopqopqopqopq
P, PP, PP, PP, PP, PP, PP, PP, P’’’’’’’’--------DDTDDTDDTDDTDDTDDTDDTDDT
0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 LMLMLMLMLMLMLMLM0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 opqopqopqopqopqopqopqopq0.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.02±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 nopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopqEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfan aaaaaaaa
MeanMeanMeanMeanMeanMeanMeanMean±±S.ES.ES.ES.ES.ES.ES.ES.E........WWWWWWWW22222222WWWWWWWW11111111PesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticides
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
TableTableTableTableTableTableTableTable--------3: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (3: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (3: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (3: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (3: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (3: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (3: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (3: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (ppmppmppmppmppmppmppmppm) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of pesticides residues in flesh of two weight categories of wild pesticides residues in flesh of two weight categories of wild pesticides residues in flesh of two weight categories of wild pesticides residues in flesh of two weight categories of wild pesticides residues in flesh of two weight categories of wild pesticides residues in flesh of two weight categories of wild pesticides residues in flesh of two weight categories of wild pesticides residues in flesh of two weight categories of wild CirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhina mrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigala as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC.
0.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05±±0.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0590.0590.0590.0590.0590.0590.0590.059±±0.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05±±0.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.006Total meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal mean
0.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 DDDDDDDD0.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.16±±0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.008 cdcdcdcdcdcdcdcd0.090.090.090.090.090.090.090.09±±0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.008 ggggggggIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturon
0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.004±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001MNMNMNMNMNMNMNMN0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001±±0.00070.00070.00070.00070.00070.00070.00070.0007 pqpqpqpqpqpqpqpq0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.008±±0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009 opqopqopqopqopqopqopqopqCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfan0.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.02±±0.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.002 LLLLLLLL0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 nopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopq0.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.02±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 mnmnmnmnmnmnmnmnCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrin0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04±±0.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.006 JJJJJJJJ0.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.02±±0.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.005 mnomnomnomnomnomnomnomno0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.005 ijkijkijkijkijkijkijkijkChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphos0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.008±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001MNMNMNMNMNMNMNMN0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01±±0.00050.00050.00050.00050.00050.00050.00050.0005 nopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopqnopq0.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.005±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 pqpqpqpqpqpqpqpqMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathion0.140.140.140.140.140.140.140.14±±0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.004 CCCCCCCC0.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13±±0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.004 ffffffff0.150.150.150.150.150.150.150.15±±0.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.003 cdcdcdcdcdcdcdcdDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoate
0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.002 GHGHGHGHGHGHGHGH0.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05±±0.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.002 jkljkljkljkljkljkljkljkl0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 jkjkjkjkjkjkjkjkParathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion methylmethylmethylmethylmethylmethylmethylmethyl
0.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05±±0.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.002 GHGHGHGHGHGHGHGH0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.002 ijkijkijkijkijkijkijkijk0.0510.0510.0510.0510.0510.0510.0510.051±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 klklklklklklklklDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinon0.210.210.210.210.210.210.210.21±±0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.004 AAAAAAAA0.230.230.230.230.230.230.230.23±±0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.004 aaaaaaaa0.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.02±±0.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.003 bbbbbbbbCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuran0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00±±0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00 NNNNNNNN0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00±±0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00 oooooooo0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00±±0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00 ooooooooMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophos
0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.008±±0.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.0003MNMNMNMNMNMNMNMN
0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009±±0.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.0004 opqopqopqopqopqopqopqopq0.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.006±±0.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.0003 pqpqpqpqpqpqpqpqP, PP, PP, PP, PP, PP, PP, PP, P’’’’’’’’--------DDTDDTDDTDDTDDTDDTDDTDDT0.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.005±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001MNMNMNMNMNMNMNMN0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001±±0.00070.00070.00070.00070.00070.00070.00070.0007 pqpqpqpqpqpqpqpq0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 opqopqopqopqopqopqopqopqEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfan aaaaaaaa
MeanMeanMeanMeanMeanMeanMeanMean±±S.ES.ES.ES.ES.ES.ES.ES.E........WWWWWWWW22222222WWWWWWWW11111111PesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticides
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
TableTableTableTableTableTableTableTable--------4: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (4: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (4: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (4: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (4: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (4: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (4: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (4: Comparison of means (±SE) of concentration (ppmppmppmppmppmppmppmppm) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of ) of pesticides residues in flesh of farmed and wild pesticides residues in flesh of farmed and wild pesticides residues in flesh of farmed and wild pesticides residues in flesh of farmed and wild pesticides residues in flesh of farmed and wild pesticides residues in flesh of farmed and wild pesticides residues in flesh of farmed and wild pesticides residues in flesh of farmed and wild CirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhina mrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalaas determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC. as determined by HPLC.
0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05±±0.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.004Total meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal meanTotal mean
0.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13±±0.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.007 CCCCCCCC0.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 dddddddd0.140.140.140.140.140.140.140.14±±0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009 ccccccccIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturonIsoproturon
0.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 EEEEEEEE0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.004±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001mnmnmnmnmnmnmnmn0.090.090.090.090.090.090.090.09±±0.0150.0150.0150.0150.0150.0150.0150.015 ffffffffCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfanCarbosulfan
0.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.02±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 FFFFFFFF0.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.02±±0.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.002 llllllll0.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.02±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 klklklklklklklklCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrinCypermethrin
0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04±±0.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.006 EEEEEEEE0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04±±0.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.0060.006 IIIIIIII0.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 hihihihihihihihiChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphosChlorpyriphos
0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009±±0.00060.00060.00060.00060.00060.00060.00060.0006GGGGGGGG
0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.008±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001mnmnmnmnmnmnmnmn0.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.0090.009±±0.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.0001mnmnmnmnmnmnmnmn
MalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathionMalathion
0.150.150.150.150.150.150.150.15±±0.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.0030.003 BBBBBBBB0.140.140.140.140.140.140.140.14±±0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.004 cccccccc0.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.16±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 bbbbbbbbDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoateDimethoate
0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.00010.0001DDDDDDDD0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.002 ghghghghghghghgh0.060.060.060.060.060.060.060.06±±0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.004 ggggggggParathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion Parathion methylmethylmethylmethylmethylmethylmethylmethyl
0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04±±0.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.002 EEEEEEEE0.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05±±0.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.002 ghghghghghghghgh0.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.03±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 jkjkjkjkjkjkjkjkDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinonDiazinon
0.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.16±±0.0110.0110.0110.0110.0110.0110.0110.011 AAAAAAAA0.210.210.210.210.210.210.210.21±±0.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.0040.004 aaaaaaaa0.110.110.110.110.110.110.110.11±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 eeeeeeeeCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuranCarbofuran
0.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.002±±0.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.0070.007 FFFFFFFF0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00±±0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00 nnnnnnnn0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04±±0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01 ijijijijijijijijMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophosMethamidophos
0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.008±±0.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.00030.0003GGGGGGGG
0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.008±±0.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.0004mnmnmnmnmnmnmnmn
0.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.0080.008±±0.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.00040.0004mnmnmnmnmnmnmnmn
P, PP, PP, PP, PP, PP, PP, PP, P’’’’’’’’--------DDTDDTDDTDDTDDTDDTDDTDDT
0.100.100.100.100.100.100.100.10±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 GGGGGGGG0.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.0050.005±±0.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001mnmnmnmnmnmnmnmn0.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.01±±0.00140.00140.00140.00140.00140.00140.00140.0014 lmlmlmlmlmlmlmlmEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfanEndosulfan aaaaaaaaMeanMeanMeanMeanMeanMeanMeanMean±±S.ES.ES.ES.ES.ES.ES.ES.E........WWWWWWWW22222222WWWWWWWW11111111PesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticidesPesticides
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
�� The composition of total pesticide The composition of total pesticide The composition of total pesticide The composition of total pesticide The composition of total pesticide The composition of total pesticide The composition of total pesticide The composition of total pesticide
concentration in farmed and wild concentration in farmed and wild concentration in farmed and wild concentration in farmed and wild concentration in farmed and wild concentration in farmed and wild concentration in farmed and wild concentration in farmed and wild CirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhinaCirrhina
mrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigalamrigala has shown that the total concentration has shown that the total concentration has shown that the total concentration has shown that the total concentration has shown that the total concentration has shown that the total concentration has shown that the total concentration has shown that the total concentration
was highest in farmed fish as compared to was highest in farmed fish as compared to was highest in farmed fish as compared to was highest in farmed fish as compared to was highest in farmed fish as compared to was highest in farmed fish as compared to was highest in farmed fish as compared to was highest in farmed fish as compared to
wild fish. This might be due to contaminated wild fish. This might be due to contaminated wild fish. This might be due to contaminated wild fish. This might be due to contaminated wild fish. This might be due to contaminated wild fish. This might be due to contaminated wild fish. This might be due to contaminated wild fish. This might be due to contaminated
supplemented artificial feed ingredients due to supplemented artificial feed ingredients due to supplemented artificial feed ingredients due to supplemented artificial feed ingredients due to supplemented artificial feed ingredients due to supplemented artificial feed ingredients due to supplemented artificial feed ingredients due to supplemented artificial feed ingredients due to
spray of various pesticides and insecticides. spray of various pesticides and insecticides. spray of various pesticides and insecticides. spray of various pesticides and insecticides. spray of various pesticides and insecticides. spray of various pesticides and insecticides. spray of various pesticides and insecticides. spray of various pesticides and insecticides.
Do not
disse
minate
withou
t auth
or au
thoriz
ation
Top Related