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1/107

@ NAG DO Y G TG

TPLN A FO LNGA TFLN

---------g2g---------

Oln tplf tfjm d O{o tfa

_alf yal lnfal o{ cfgj fo Tpln a fo Lnga tfln 02:0

Tl oln tplf8

DOF Y LNL FLN AL T TA YAT LJM

TFO TPLN Y NAA RFR

Lfm lnlf8 Calf dgjlf y Z{l e : &CD:!

F La % tfln 4 lm 02:0


2/107

MO EO

Rfl :- Ea m { :

Rfl 0-La d{ln lnfal o{ 9

Ofln :8 O s e tf{qt y lnl fln al t 9

A, Cfa lam Lnl fln al t 9AA, Yja tp oj Lnl fln al t :;AAA, V{ fln y calf lnfam rft tpal oj dof y

lnl fln al t tpl tf naa

04

Ofln 08 Tfo tpln rft tpal lnl fln al t ta Yat

Ljm

??

A, Tfo tpln tpal cfja y rft tpal dof y lnlfln al t ta Yat Ljm

??

AA, Tam lln rft tpal y lfln fl of oj dofy lnl fln al t ta Yat Ljm

;:

Ofln ?8 Naa rfr lfm tfo q dof y lnl fln al

t Yat Ljm

>?

A, Tfa o y tfof tfo oj lnl fln al t >?AA, Naa rfr rft tpal dof y K-`jlcaln ta oo

lnl fln tfln ma Yat Ljm

>;

Ct e{l 1:

Djlf mo ta ea{ tfjm cfg 10

Rf eo 14


3/107

DJLF MO YAT TT

JTM

RG_

KOD

LFLL

J{tgmjtkd tkeekp mjofalk

Rgalt gi sjeks

Kekotpglao Djtj Ojrt{pk &Tfat ` o tf al t!

Lnl fln lf lo

TTCDT

KDA

KIT

AT[

AOT

L_LL

Tfjlf tgl cfln dln tal mt

Kekotpglao Djtj Altkpofjlnk

Kekotpglao I{lds Tpjlsikp

Altkpljtaglje Tkekogmm{laojtagls [lagl

Aligpmjtagl jld Ogmm{laojtagl Tkoflgegnaks

Lnl sof lf lo


4/107

RFL A EA M [

:, Tlf or tfat oj ta

Tpgln ll calf t tf tpln% fgt ln calf dgjlf lnl fln ln mtyja tp pt z{jl tpln, Tpgln lfln lm nl q% oln ya s a ma oj t

lo% f tfln Lnl fln Yat Ljm t o lfln tflf oln ln cfof

e, V{ fln t dg fg% tgl o{ fg calf t y z{o t fg oo e{ln ta oflf

oln em tfjq a ol `l lfln ò a oj f tfln oo lnl fln, L

tg pj mt mt tpln ta ofalf calf t q tlf olf tpjlf y sa ln ofg tf

tpln eal lnl fln la paln y tgl ` ll calf tla of{ln, _ rft tpalyt ò oj oln lnf tfln tal lfjlf ofln j lfln ln dln oj

Tfln ma al t l nl fl ya o{o sln ogl lna, O{o ofq {j

naj oo lnl fln tp tflf mt o{o olf tpjlf cfln lnln lnf tpl mlf

t oln lnf s lf mt oof oln o y tf% lln ojg oft eln fgt

ln dof y tf{ ft cfof fln oj mlf,

Y Kekotpglao `jlcaln &K-`jlcaln! e o àt l lf mt tpgln lfln

ofal eo oj ma lnl fln o tf tl ta y rft tpal mt oof tgl dal

fl tpgln ma tpln calf t q sa ln lq, Tpgln lfln lm tp ea q%

dof y K-`jlcaln `t { vm lfr yg tf tpln lnl fln Yat Ljm%

dl l lf% y ofam dl o mt ` rfl lf eln tal oj lna ta{ dln,

Cfln tf rf lfl o pln K- `jlcaln mjln l tf{l tal lfa{ fl

ofg o{o sln lfjlf oj v fa fal ljq% y nar lnl fln pt lfa{tpgln yao lln ojg y tf% oft eln dof y oj mlf,

Oflf y tf% rft tpal K-`jlcaln o tf tm oga lf e mt fln a

tln a fjq ofg à tgl cf oj oo lnl fln, L tp tflf ma z{jl tm

y ta lnfal o{ oj oo rfln `jl rft tpal oln lf mjpcktaln daof

y T{q lfal% tfo t oln of pj pln% t cfa pj a l ljq% f tfln lnl

fln al t yl ofj rft f{q fa{ z{ o ft lfln { tf oln lf ea


5/107

of tfo s oj l a ya ln g oo cfof fln% tpgln ln{ql lfl of

q{ yl e t tfa flf ya oj lna ta{ dln, Tfm yg e s ofj fgl

tfal oj f tfln flf ejln rfr e% cfa m E{t tfln ma al t Yat Ljm

yl ofj o lfln z{q lf p pln% tg ll lfln tm e eg eln pt o o

s y tlf pa pg% yl jl lalf% `g mt oj lna ta{ dln,

Oflf y yq em tf em o tf rft f{q ft lfln tam lln% tl

dln ft lfln o fa yega ` lfln pg ol rft tpal flf tfo dof y

lq mt oof tt lft o e tp tflf ma z{jl tm oj pt lfa{ lf calf t

la of{ln y ` rfl rft tpal f tfln lnl fln la paln, Lfm lnfal

o{ lfl tfq q e mt yl ft so tfat tfo y mjln tlf r dln tfo

tal pt ojg tpgln ll calf t o lfa{ àl ln lf fal ljq, Oflf y tf%

lfm lnfal o{ ofl ta 8 Dof y lnl fln al t ta Yat Ljm -

Tfo tpln y naa rfr y mlf dl j yg à yat oj mlf lfln rfl

tof lf na y tlf flf rft tpal lnl fln al t ta Yat Ljm - lfln o

fa y tfof tfo% y z{j j pj mt ya v{t ln nr ofg yao fgl

tfal s rft tpal oj flf tfo dof y lq,

0, Tln z{jl y tlf flf lnfal o{,

O tf lfl lf pln% q cfln ol e mt yl ol vj e y z{ ma

m y tpl tfo t l tp tflf ma z{jl tm oln lf a tln lnfal o{

oj pt lfa{ oo lf rft tpal lnl fln% oo of{ql naj rfl tof calf t

Tpl tf naa% flf tfa dof y lq pj a y rft tpal sm fl% ll t

lfa{ oln ea o lfln à fo calf lnfam oj lna a tpo% dj tpl

lfln tln fr rfl tof oj lfa{ ta lnfal o{,

Tpgln naa fl à yat lq% lfm lnfal o{ val mt el lj j pj oa

lfl tgl dal fl y tfo tpln rft tpal oj dof y K-`jlcaln Yat Ljm

tpgln lfln lm nl q o tfm lfln lf na em tgl dal rfgln rf

fl ofg ta lq,


6/107

Ya yao ofl ta tpl% lfm lnfal o{ d cal a t cfa z{t tlf

flf rft tpal oj f tfln oolnl fln la of{ln l cfa z{t y s rft

tpal oj ega flf lnl fln al t tpgln tlf flf ll calf t o tf,

a s{ rfl tof y tm fa{ s e s sg slf% lf na lfln { lfo

oj f tfln lnl fln al t ta{ à{% t tpgln ma z{jl f eal z{jl oft

of naj s rft tpal oj f tfln lnl fln al t y s rft tpal oj ll

calf t3 tpgln ma z{jl f eal lnl fln naa tfof ln{ql lfl s rft

tpal oln lf lfln fl of,

Z{j % lfm lnfal o{ v{t lfln cal% àl rfr fgl tfals rft tpal f tfln lnl fln tpo t{ql

?, Mo ta{ lnfal o{

Z{j à yat oj mlf% lfm lnfal o{ mgln m{l ln nr tfm mt

oa lfl y s rft tpal oj f tfln lnl fln la of{ln y lnl fln al t

la paln ta Yat Ljm fal ljq% y z{j ln nr lfln cal oj mlf

fgl tfal fl lj s rft tpal oj oj ll calf t,

4, Rfm ya a tln lnfal o{8

Tfln z{j yao lnfal o{ m flf Kekotpglao-`jlcaln oj mt s lnl

fln tfln ma o rfl ta{ à{ t cfa z{t o tfo tpln rft tpal

dof y K-@jlcaln oj oo lnl fln tfln ma o rfl Yat Ljm naja gl

0226-02:2

;, Rfln rfr lnfal o{

Lfm lnfal o{ s dln s ea{ t oo `g og tfln ma al t%

~k`satk oj oo lnl fln tfln ma Yat Ljm, @l olf s dln rfln

rfr rfl tof tlf flf flf tfo t tpal cfja dof y Kekotpglao-`jlcaln

tfln z{j lfln s ea{ tf{ tfr o s dln s t{qt a% s tln a sg


7/107

slf naa z{qt yl , Rfl tof lfln { am y lfo am oj dof y

Kekotpglao-`jlcaln t j pj oo v{t rf fr

9, Ct z{ d cal

Tfln z{j lfln rfl tof oj `a lnfal o{% lna o o o oa

lfl fgl tfal y z{ tplf rft tpal oln lf tam lln tg el oj dof y

Kekotpglao-`jlcaln Yat Ljm, Z{jl tpln fl e cal lnf oo naa rfr

tfjq a tfa z{kl ta{ dln tal mt sjln tal al t oj f{ ft cfof fln

Yat Ljm fal ljq% lln ojg tlf `g mt oln lf m `g jl tgl jl lalf

mln, Tgl ` z{ tplf tpl { fln l mt ct z{ o{a oln e jKekotpglao -`jlcaln tp tflf dof y lnl fln z{kl tf{o y tfl tfal fl

ya `t o mt cfof fln lg

>, Ct o{ oln tplf lnfal o{

Ofln :8 O s e tf{qt y Lnl fln al t

A, Cfa lam Lnl fln al tAA, Yja tp oj Lnl fln al tAAA, V{ fln y calf lnfam rft tpal oj dof y lnl fln al t tpltf naa

Ofln 08 Tfo tpln rft tpal lnl fln al t ta Yat Ljm

A, Tfo tpln tpal cfja y rft tpal dof y lnl fln al t ta YatLjm

AA, Tam lln rft tpal y lfln fl of oj dof y lnl fln al t taYat Ljm

Ofln ?8 Naa rfr lfm tfo q dof y lnl fln al t Yat Ljm

A, Tfa o y tfof tfo oj lnl fln al t


8/107

AA, Naa rfr rft tpal dof y K-`jlcaln ta oo lnl fln tfln ma YatLjm


9/107

RFL 0 LA D[LN LNFAL O[

OFLN :8 O _ E TF[QT Y LNL FLN

AL TA, Cfa lam Lnl fln al t:,lf lnfjOof q :9 lm% cfa Altkplkt`t {v{t fal ta Yat Ljm% t ja o tf

ln plnAltkplkt ea o to rft tpal lfjlf ofln l lf yq, Tfkg Oo

Tfln ma al t y Oln lnf tfln tal% lm 02:2 ta Yat Ljm o tpl ?2

tpa{ lna tp{q or Altkplkt fln lnq% ofam nl ?;+ dl s% ojg fl motp{ln `lf ?0+ oj tf naa, Tpgln n{ln z{jq eal to oj c ln{ql oln

lnf s % oo lnl fln tfln ma YatLjm oln cfln lnga e% lfjlf

ofln or lft v{ tf ma tpl tf naa jpj dof y lnl fln al t

dlf ofg lfln lna ta{ dln ma% fal a fl% lln ln fl y `l pl

fl, _ pj a oj Altkplkt y mq ya tlf m pj ofg ofln tj mt f tfln

tfjlf tgl pln cfr tgl tf naa% tal ta mt tf naa tfjlf tgl cfln dlntal mt% lfjlf nl% jl tgl% y oflf vo, Mo d ofg ta lm 02:2 of o

42+ dgjlf lnfar Yat Ljm o ~k`satk y s eln najg dof al t fal of

o cfgln 00 tpa{ ta cfgl z{j lnl fln% ofam cfgln 02+ dl s lfln

oln cfln tf rf lfl o tam lln tg el m oo najg dof al t s

mjln ea ofg lna dl la paln y ofg ll calf t la of{ln,

L{ lf oofq cfgln `q fgo tm lm%om t lnl fln alt

K-@jlcaln yl ol e em ya pt lfa{ lna tf lnq ljq l o lfo ta

tfln v{ql fl y tlf tln to ya cfof fln o lln ojg lfa{ fl,

T{q lfal lf lnfj mt oof q lft ofg tf{t ln lnl fln al

t K-@jlcaln tf yl ofj o mt ta ea{ cfgj fo oflf tfln lg tfo fal,

Ofln tj o tf tar ol tf{t ln lq tpl lfa{ rfln dal cfo lfj{

Tj o tf fa{ cfa lam lnl fln al t tfln z{j fja y d o tf

y salf ln lf sj{8


10/107

YD:8 T Yat Ljm lna tj o tf t m{j sof Altkplkt @jlcaln jld

tfk Ej~ al K{pgrk oj a fo Ojm`padnk Jlf z{j ~k`satk oj tpln%tfjlf

tgl tpo t{ql `ln tf Yasj%MjstkpOjpd% fjq Jmkpaojl Kvrpkss, _j{ o{l

sof s o of{ql rft lfjlf ta tjq lna m{j, Najg dof lq o tfo

fal mt rfl z{j mln y cf{ najg lfl ea o tfo fal tpgln tf naa

tfo,

YD08 Cfa m{l tf{ rfam Fjppq Rgttkp jld tfk Dkjtfeq Fjeeg~ oo

cfof fln oo `jln cfo lfj{ oj M o tf tf{ rfam lq z{j ~k`satk

~~~,jmjxgl,ogm% tfjlf tgl z{j mln y dg~legjd rfam y mq tlf oj

mlf vkm, Najg dof lq o tfo fal fgl tgl tpgln ma tpln mlnAltkplkt % t yao t fln% tfjlf tgl tal fln ofg ta lfl fln,

Fja najg dof tpl { e najg dof al t, Tfkg cfgl 9 y cfgl :2%

a{ 4% e{t Najg dof al t lm 022;% najg dof al t e najg dof o

tfo fal `ln rfln tal al t, Tpgln % rfln tal al t e rfln

tal fgt ln dj tpl oln lnf al% al t% c tf{t s% t tlf% tp{ql dl

cfln dq% z{jln fo% al t% fgo oln lnf tln t, T fja y d tpl tjlfl tfq cfa lam najg dof al t cfln of naa fl tpgln rfm ya mln

Altkplkt y oo mln tfln tal cfo% m ol m pln pj a ya tt o oo najg

dof o tfo fal `ln rfln tal al t, Dg najg dof al t tpgln

dof y lnl fln e najg dof `ln rfln tal al t% la oof cfo e dof

y lnl fln o najg dof `ln rfln tal al t & na tt e dof y lnl

fln al t!,Lf yq oln o tf lf lnfj lnl fln al t lf e mt rfln

tfo o{ln or oo sl rfm ma y sl rfm tp{ql tfln ta cfof fln

tfln z{j oo clf rfl rfa al t tln to,

Lnga pj% K-@jlcaln oln o lf lnfj e oo fgt ln `l fln z{j

oo clf8

Altkplkt @jlcaln &gp Glealk @jlcaln!

Mg`aek'_M_ `jlcaln


11/107

Y al t% Oln tfjlf tgl al t

JTM'RG_' Cagsc `jlcaln ofjllke

Tkekrfglk `jlcaln

^k`-taya `jlcaln

Oo tfat ` tfjlf tgl tpo t{ql of{ql dln

& Ln{ql lf Tfln 02:2!

&Ln{l8 Ofja Ekk Nga 0229!_ :, Oo clf rfl rfa sl rfm K-`jlcaln oflf

0,Rfl ega lnl fln al tFal ljq o lfa{ oof rfl ega lnl fln al t, Lfln rf `al

lft e rfl ega tfkg ta{ of clf rfl rfa sl rfm8

j,Altkplkt `jlcaln fgo glealk `jlcaln & lnl fln tpo t{ql!

_ pj a oj Altkplkt nar cfof fln tar ol oo sl rfm dof y oj

lnl fln lf paln% yl rfln% tpln fo% l `t c la { y `t o eo

lg, Dg yao tpo tar a l lnl fln o nam tfa{ mt oof ln

c,Z{j Altkplkt `jlcaln cfof fln o tf nal lnl fln lfln tfo mo%

nr ya lnl fln y o tp ea sj{ mt tfa najl lft lf,

{ am el lft oj Altkplkt `jlcaln e tlf tal ea oj l, Of ya mt

ofao mq tlf o ct la Altkplkt% cfof fln of ol tp{q or ~k`satk oj

lnl fln `ln oo tplf d{qt lf Altkplkt Kvregpkp% Iapkigv% Nggnek Ofpgmk


12/107

y oln l nal, Fal ta oo lnl fln oln a s{ yg yao m pln oo oo

flf tfo tfjlf tgl, Tpgln dof y Altkplkt `jlcaln lfa{ lnl fln j pj

najg dal tln a pln ofg cfof fln tal s dln% Najg dal K`jlcaln oj

lnl fln JLX o rfl ofaj tflf lfa{ flf tfo tfjlf tgl cfo lfj{%

rfl ofaj tflf lfa{ a tln cfof fln d ej ofl,

Ma najg dof lf of{ql tal% m tf tl dln & Ekttkp gi Opkdat- E'O!

ofg frln m{j `l naj oo lf v{t lfr cf{% m tf `g elf & Ekttkp gi

N{jpjltkk- EN! ,, o tftfo fal tpo t{ql,

T{q lfal% ya tlf oft `g mt cfln ojg `ln oo dof y lnl fln

ta lf & fgmk `jlcaln! fgo Cagsc `jlcaln, Dof y Altkplkt `jlcaln yl olo o{ln or cf fl of y a fa z{ tplf vo lfl najg dof rfo tr fl

`, Dof y lnl fln t ln z{j al tfga & Rfglk `jlcaln!,

Rfglk `jlcaln e f tfln t ln tp ea fgt ln 04'04% cfof fln

of yao lfl yg oo rfm al tfga tfkg m o fln dl `a AYP

&Altkpjotayk Ygaok Pksrglsk! q{ o{ f tfln tp ea tfln tal ol tfat ,

Dof y lnl fln Rfglk `jlcaln o o{ln or z{j mt f tfln mqof y rfl mm z{l e t ta lnl fln% eal ct ya cfof fln tfln z{j

tln a oj dof y, Tfln z{j oo rfm ofo lln o lf lnfj tpo%

cfof fln s o rfo y mt oof t ln fgo tfln z{j oo O_P

&O{stgmkp _kpyaok Pkrpkskltjtayks!,

Cfa ln c s dln dof y Rfglk `jlcaln% cfof fln s o o{ln

or mt m cfof fln% fgo m ta cfgl y tq tfkg dof y ln c% cfoffln o tf s dln lfa{ dof y cfo lfj{, Lfl of{ln% z{a tplf s dln

dof y Rfglk `jlcaln lf sj{8

@o :8 ln c s dln dof y

Cfof fln rfa o{ln or oo tfln tal ol tfat y c yg fr ln

ln s dln dof y Rfglk `jlcaln, _j{ % cfof fln s o o{ln or

fja s lf djlf d{q lft e m cfof fln y m cfj tp{q lfr f tfln%


13/107

lnga pj cfof fln s o o{ln or tfm mt m ta cfgl lfm tg s

tf{l tal tpgln najg dof yln lf m `g jl tgl y `g mt,

@o 08 V e najg dof

Cfa cfof fln z{jq s ta tln a% lfr m cfof fln y cfj tp{q

or dof y% tfkg AYP% cfof fln ofl rfm ofo lln tln ln ya dof y

mlf ol tfo fal najg dof, Cfof fln o tf tfjq a% oflf sj tpo cfa

vo lfl najg dof ya lnl fln% ofln t najg dof s o al pj y na ta

cfof fln cfa najg dof o v e vgln,

Z{j Rfglk `jlcaln% cfof fln o tf s dln pt lfa{ dof y lnl

fln lf8 fln dl s dln dof y% naa tfa{ tfln tal y dof y lnlfln%o{ln or tfln tal ta cfgl y `ln c oo najg dof% `g l `g o% o{ln

or tfln tal lnl fln lf ea s{t% t na fa ga% of{ql tal% tfjlf tgl

fj l y dof y f tp cfof fln% tfo fal ma eo ma la c o lnga

na flf oflf,

o, Dof y lnl fln z{j TD &Mgàek-`jlcaln!8

Oln ya s rft tpal oj mln tfln tal da ln% dof y lnl fln taYat Ljm oln lfjlf ofln ln dln lfln oln lnf ma lq,

Mgàek -`jlcaln e mt clf rfl rfa sl rfm dof y lnl fln z{j

f tfln mln al tfga da ln, Mgàek @jlcaln e clf rfl rfa fal a

nar cfof fln tp{q or oo dof y lnl fln t vj `ln oof s dln oo

tfat ` da ln ct la ya mln yal tfln cfln dq, Y ln{ql to% q

oflf e z{q tplf tfln tal o m fg% `g mt y tpjg a naj tp{ln tm ve oj lnl fln y tfat ` da ln oj cfof fln &TD% Rgockt RO%

Rjem!, Cfof fln o tf cam tpj s d ta cfgl oj f y eof s najg

dof% of{ql tal% tfjlf tgl fj l% calf dgjlf ofln cfgl y z{l e djlf

mo { t ta oflf oj cfof fln,

d, Dof y lnl fln ta lf &fgmk-`jlcaln!8

L{ lf s dln dof y lnl fln ta lf tf ol rfa o oo rfm

mm o tfat c dlf paln ofg yao ct la ya lnl fln o{ln or dof y


14/107

tf cfof fln s dln Altkplkt `jlcaln f{ lf cfln ol rfa o `t o mt

rfl mm of{ql àt lg

Fgmk-`jlcaln e clf rfl rfa dof y oj lnl fln al t% ofg

rfr cfof fln tfo fal f{ ft oo najg dof of{ql cfgl ya lnl fln

&la cfof fln m ta cfgl! ta lf% ta yl rfln oln tq m cfln ol l

lnl fln,

ln dln y rft tpal Fgmk-`jlcaln e mt ò tal lfjlf ofln oj

oo lnl fln tfln ma Yat Ljm tpo so r pt el oj tal tplf fa lfr

tgl o{ y dof y lnl fln, W ln y rfj cfof fln% Fgmk-`jlcaln

mjln ea lfln ea of tfat tfo8 lfjlf ofln- jl tgl- tf{l tal, Y cf{fa{ Dof y lnl fln 04 na ma lnq% `q lnq ma t{l oflf e { tf

el lft m m flf lnl fln flf oflf tp{ql tfln cfln tf lg slf

o, Fal ljq% dof y Fgmk-`jlcaln ta Yat Ljm o lfa{ lnl fln

ta Yat Ljm ln dln y tpal cfja pln pa lf8 Lnl fln Of{ Lnl

fln lnga Tfln YLLnl fln c tfln ~~~,tkofogm`jlc,ogm,yl%

Lnl fln v{t lfr cf{ Yat Ljm ~~~,kvam`jlc,ogm,yl Dof y lnl fln ta lf o vq dln tpl mt tpgln fja ll tln8 f

tfln oo rfl mm ln dln &_git~jpk @jsk! y ll tln oln lnf ~k`

&^k` @jsk!% tfln z{j f tfln mq of% mln Altkplkt y mq tlf ogl oj

cfof fln% tfln tal ta oflf s o tfat er% m fg% tpjg a y vo lfl

naj lnl fln y cfof fln, Mo d o mt s am cfo àt% lfln lfl

of{ln% of{ tplf s dln dof y lnl fln ta lf `jg nm oo ò o `lsj{ q8

@o :8 Tfat er ct la,

Cfof fln ct la mq tlf oj mlf ya f tfln mq tlf oj lnl

fln z{j mln Altkplkt% sj{ tp{q or yg tpjln ~k` oj lnl fln rfo y

mlf &fgo najg dal lna s dln oj rfl mm!, _j{ cfa cam tpj y vo

lfl cfof fln &[skp AD% Rjss~gpd!% cfof fln s o tfat er mt
http://www.techcombank.com.vn/http://www.eximbank.com.vn/http://www.eximbank.com.vn/http://www.techcombank.com.vn/


15/107

ln tp{ql `g mt &fttrs! y ln lfr &egnal! yg mln mq tlf oj lnl

fln,

@o 08Tfo fal q{ o{ dof y,

Dof y LFT pt rfgln rf y j dln% o tf e tp{q yl tfln tal ta

cfgl% tfat er lnfar y of{ql tal% fq ` yao ofa tp so% tfjlf tgl al

t y pt lfa{ oo dof y tpo t{ql cfo,

Tpl ~k`satk &fgo najg dal lna s dln! o sl f tfln Mkl{ ofl

ej y fln dl o tf oo `o tfo fal z{ tplf najg dof, Tt o ma

yao cfof fln rfa em of e ofl dof y% o{ln or tfln tal tfkg q{ o{

oj dof y y oj lnl fln,@o ?8 Vo lfl najg dof% cam tpj tfln tal y tfgt cfa mln &tfln

z{j of c al t% vo lfl al t% ofln t al t ! 8

Cfa najg dof o tfo fal fgl tt% cfof fln cam tpj ea najg dof

y tfgt cfa mln% lfln tfln tal ofln t ol tfat s o z{l e% e{ tp

y na ta cfof fln cfa o q{ o{,

k, JTM & J{tgmjtao Tkeekp Mjofalk!Cfof fln dln tf tl dln & opkdat ojpd! fgo tf nfa l tpo tar &

dapkot dk`at ojpd! pt tal mt, Mq pt tal t ln s vo lfl tf sj{ cfa

lna s dln lr m s lfl dln o lfl & Rkpsglje Aldkltatq L{m`kp-

RAL!, fl of pa pg tpgln tpln fr ` mt tf y e m s lfl dln o

lfl% cfof fln y lnl fln o tf a{ oflf fl mo pt tal mt rf

tf{o yg s d tpgln ta cfgl tfjlf tgl oj cfof fln, Ma lnl flntfln j pj oo ega mq JTM paln oj lnl fln mlf, Cfof fln pt

tal ta mq JTM oj lnl fln m mlf o ta cfgl, T{q lfal% f oln o

tf pt tal mt ta JTM oj lnl fln cfo l{ lf fja lnl fln lq o eal

ct ya lfj{ lfln cfof fln rfa tp tfm mt cfgl rf cfgln 2%0 +

i, Cagsc `jlcaln

E s rft tpal oj dof y lnl fln fln ta yao rfo y cfof

fln ya oft eln ojg lft y tf{l tal lft, Tpl ln rf s t oo tpm


16/107

em yao ya ln ct la Altkplkt to ojg, Cfa cfof fln ol tfo fal

najg dof fgo q{ o{ dof y% f of ol tp{q or% o{ln or s ofln lfl o

lfl y mt cf{ s dln dof y oj f tfln lnl fln rfo y mlf,

q oln e mt fln rft tpal ln e{ tm ofg oo lf elf g oo lnl

fln tfln ma Yat Ljm,

n, Dof y lnl fln z{j y t{ql tp{ql flf tln to &Altkpjotayk TY!

Dof y lq tfln o o{ln or tpl o s f tfln tp{ql flf or &

ojèk TY!, Lnl fln s tl dln ln tp{ql tp{ql flf or tof fr

ln tp{ql tof fr oo dof y oj lnl fln, Cfof fln s dln ml

flf TY tfln tfln tp{q or yg dof y lnl fln tfln z{j yao lfrm s lfl dln o lfl fgo mt cf{, tp{q or yg oo dof y cfo lfj{

tpl ml flf taya% cfof fln s s dln a{ cfal t vj tfln tfln fgo

tfat ` dlf paln ofg yao s dln dof y oj lnl fln tfln z{j y t{ql

tp{ql flf tln to, q oln o tf vkm e mt flf tfo dof y tal ea

ofg cfof fln y f{ lf naj lf lg oln o taya tpgln lf, T{q lfal y

tlf oft `g mt y paln t oj oo najg dof ll dof y lq t o cfoffln ofrtf{l

f, Dof y lnl fln z{j mln yal tfln cfln dq & ~apkekss

ogmm{laojtagl lkt~gpc!

q e ega flf dof y lnl fln fal a dj tpl oln lnf yal

tfln cfln dq oj mln da ln &mgàek lkt~gpc! `jg nm yao tfo fal

dof y lnl fln `lnoof ct la al tfga da ln ya tp{ln tm o{ln ordof y lnl fln al t & tln t lf fgmk'RO `jlcaln! y ct la Altkplkt

tpl al tfga da ln s dln najg tfo tp{ql tfln ^JR & âpkekss

Jrreaojtagl Rpgtgoge!, Dof y lnl fln z{j mln yal tfln cfln dq q{

o{ cfof fln ol o tpjln ` tfat ` ct la tfof fr& al tfga da ln

fal a s dln oln lnf ^JR% `ln j tl,,! y o oa t ofln tplf

rfl mm rf fr, _ rf àl oj al tfga da ln tpl tf naa oln ya s

rft tpal lfjlf ofln oj oln lnf yal tfln tpgln lfln lm nl q ofg


17/107

tfq yao o{ln or oo dof y lnl fln `ln al tfga da ln e mt fln

rft tpal da fl oj oo lnl fln tpl tf naa


18/107

AA, Yja tp oj lnl fln al t,Ya s rft tpalmlf m oj oln lnf tfln tal% lfln cfa lam y

lnl fln al t% najg dof tpo t{ql% tfjlf tgl tpl mln,,, tp ll z{kl

tf{o y tp tflf v{ tf rft tpal% olf tpjlf oj oo lnl fln, Ea of km

ea oj lnl fln al t e pt el ofg cfof fln% lnl fln y ofg ll calf

t lf lfln tal of% s lfjlf ofln% oflf vo oj oo najg dof,

Ya lfln fa{ z{ tof oo mjln ea% lnl fln al t jln lnq

oln cfln lf p fl yja tp ofal eo oj mlf tpgln yao z{qt lf l

s tl ta y rft tpal oj oo lnl fln tfln ma, Oln lnf tfln tal

tfm lfr oln s{% oo ln dln y oln lnf oln tp ll mlf m% lna

dln cfln `t { em z{kl ya ega flf dof y lq% y dl flf tflf

ll tfa z{kl s dln oo tal of oj lnl fln al t lln ojg oft

eln o{o sln, Lfln lf fln tof oo mjln tlf dq of{ql oln

to ln cfln lf l s rft tpal y m oj ll calf t - v fa% nr

rfl em j dln fj m{ so ofg ò tpjlf oj ll calf t ta oflf cfln

lnln àl ln la of{ln y tgl ` f tfln lnl fln la paln% nr rfl

tfo q ll calf t rft tpal fa lfr calf t z{o t,

:, Yja tp oj lnl fln al t a ya lnl flnLnl fln al t ln yja tp e o{ la tp{ln najl naj oo lnl fln

tfln ma ya lf{ o{ s dln oj lna dln, Oflf y lfln tal of y

lfln tf{l tal m l mjln ea% lnl fln al t tg pj lfln ò mmjln tlf ofal eo ojg a ya s rft tpal oj ma lnl fln,

Tat cam ofa rf% tln dgjlftf{

Rf najg dof K-@jlcaln o lf na e mo pt tfr sg ya najg dof

tp{ql tfln% o àt e najg dof z{j Altkplkt, Y d% rf of{ql tal la j

ofg cfof fln o lfl cfa of{ql z{j Dof y lnl fln al t JLX nam

;2+ sg ya dof y tp{qltfln8


19/107

Rf of{ql tal la j ta Ofa lflf 8 ?2%222 YL'najg dof

Rf of{ql tal la j z{j dof y LFT 8:;%222 YL'najg dof

O o s ot nam ofa rf lf yq dg mt s o tpln paln mLFT mjln ea, @l oft oj najg dof z{j lnl fln al t e ln dln

oln lnf s dln dof y ta `t o { y ta `t o tfa am lg, Ya

yao s dln lnl fln al t% yja tp oj oo z{q najg dof ` nam `t% najg

dof z{j mln nar pt lnl tfa najl to lnfar% of{l fj oo tf to% z{q

tplf% lln ojg fa{ z{ tm cam y v e ofln t, Oo ofa rf ofg yao vq

dln ofa lflf yl rfln oln o nam ln c,

Tfm yg % ya s t ln fj oj ega flf dof y lq% tm z{jl

tpln oj oo lfl yal ln z{q fjq oo y tp of{ql ml ofg ega flf

tp{ql tfln tpo caj oln ` q v{ln, Tfjq yg e s fgt ln o er

tplf sl mt oof fa{ z{ m cfln ol tfln z{j lfl yal najg dof, O

tf% mt mq pt tal t ln o tf em yao 04 tpl 04 na y tln ln

mt ofa lflf lnl fln tp{ql tfln, Ofa rf lfl yal t oln o namv{ln,

Lln ojg fa{ z{ s dln yl

Vt y mt calf dgjlf oj lnl fln% K-@jlcaln s nar lln ojg fa{

z{ s dln yl, Tfln z{j oo dof y oj lnl fln al t% oo elf y ofa

tp%lf tf{ oj cfof fln o tfo fal lfjlf ofln% tg a{ cal ofg yltal t of{ of{ql lfjlf% tfo fal tt z{jl f najg dof% tpjg a tal - fln,

Z{j q lfjlf to e{ tfln fln fg% tal t% lln ojg fa{ z{ s dln

yl,

j dln fg dof y y sl rfm

Lnq ljq% dof y lnl fln jln yl ta tln lna dl, e dof

y lnl fln ta{ dln y `l e, "Lnl fln al t"% ya s tp nar oj oln


20/107

lnf tfln tal ofg rfr tal flf oo najg dof `l e ya to o ojg y eal

to, Oo talof m lnl fln al t mjln ea lnq oln tp el j dln y

rfgln rf, _ pj a oj fln egt oo ega flf dof y ma lf8 IBstA`jlc

oj Tkofogm`jlc% YA@4[ oj YA@jlc ofg cfof fln dgjlf lnfar,,, jln

ct la nl fl naj lnl fln al t y tfa z{kl oj lna dln,

Mt am o `at cfo lj oj dof y lnl fln al t e o tf o{ln

or dof y tpl na, Tfkg oo lnl fln o tf eal ct ya oo oln tq `g

fam% oln tq ofln cfgl% oln tq ta oflf cfo j pj oo sl rfm tal

of ln ` lfm r ln ol `l oo lf{ o{ oj mt cfof fln fgo mt

lfm cfof fln y oo dof y eal z{jl ta lnl fln% `g fam% { t%

ofln cfgl,,,

Lln ojg lln eo olf tpjlf y tg lt paln tpgln calf dgjlf

K-@jlcaln e mt naa rfr oj LFTM lln ojg oft eln dof y

y fa{ z{ fgt ln% z{j lln ojg cf lln olf tpjlf oj LFTM, Tfln

z{j Altkplkt'^k` Lnl fln o cf lln o{ln or dof y ma tf{l tal ofgcfof fln y tf{ ft tfm lfa{ cfof fln najg dof tfln v{ql fl%

nam ofa rf `l fln y tar tf,

Oflf s tal of o o t oln lnf ln dln% t rfl mm% t lf

o{ln or dof y mln% dof y Altkplkt tf{ ft y na cfof fln s dln%

z{jl f najg dof ya lnl fln% tp tflf cfof fln tp{ql tfln oj lnl

fln, Ya m flf lnl fln fal a% calf dgjlf j lln tf cf lln rft

tpal% o{ln ln oo dof y ofg lfa{ a tln cfof fln% lfa{ elf yo

calf dgjlf oj K-`jlcaln e pt ojg, Tf mlf y dof y lnl fln al t

oln e mt o am oo lnl fln fal a tg dln lt paln oj mlf,

Tfo fal ofal eo tgl o{ fj,


21/107

a{ z{jl tpln fl e K-@jlcaln ol nar LFTM tfo fal ofal eo

tgl o{ fj% ofal eo `lf tpln m cfln ol m tfm ofa lflf

tpgln lo oln lf lo lnga, Lnl fln o tf yj tat cam ofa rf dg

cfln rfa tfat er z{ lfa{ oo tp s fgo yl rfln% lfl s nl lf fl%

ln tfa ea o tf rfo y mt cfa eln cfof fln el fl, Altkplkt mt

rfln tal o tlf calf t ojg oo lnl fln otf m pln fgt ln calf

dgjlf oj mlf pj oo z{o naj cfo m cfln ol { t yg tp s fgo o s

f tln, Tfkg oof lq% oo lnl fln el jln yl olf tjq cfln e y dl

dl tfat er o s oj mlf% tf{ tm dl ll ta oflf tgl o{, q e mt

ofal eo m pln tf tpln tfln z{j Altkplkt m pln rfm ya o{ln ordof y ft so tat cam y fa{ z{,

Vo tal tfln ma% z{ln ` tfln fa{ tgl o{

K-@jlcaln oln e oln o z{ln `% cf{qof tpln tfln fa{ oj

LFTM mt oof salf ln% fa{ z{, Tfln z{jl Altkplkt% lnl fln o tf

ln ta tt o lfln tfln tal ta oflf% tln na tp ta sl% oo dof y oj

lnl fln mlf% rfo y ofg mo of vo tal z{ln og, O tf lnl

fln ofj tf tal flf oo najg dof ta oflf tpo t{ql% sgln `ln oof tfat

er oo tpjln ~k` oj paln mlf ya ofo lln `jl { e o{ln or tfln tal

y naa r cal tfo mo oj cfof fln z{j mln% lnl fln oln o oga

e `o { tfjm naj r dln dof y lnl fln al t y fg mlf yg v{

tf of{ln

0, Yja tp a ya cfof flnK-`jlcaln e mt clf najg dof tp{ln najl ft so jl tgl% lfjlf ofln m

oo lnl fln tfln ma mjln l ofg lna dln, a ya tln a tln

cfof fln% LFT ea oln `o e lfln yja tp { yat paln,

j,a ya cfof fln o lfl,


22/107

Cfof fln o tf tat cam o ofa rf8

Rf najg dof lnl fln al t fal o lf na e mo tfr lft sg

ya oo rfln tal najg dof cfo, a{ lq fgl tgl o tf e naa o à

mt cfa oo lnl fln o tf tat cam o ofa rf cfa tpal cfja lnl fln

al t lft e ya oo lnl fln g &of fgt ln tpl Altkplkt m cfln ol

ta yl rfln% tp s!% oo ofa rf m cfof fln rfa tp oln tfkg m nam

a pt lfa{, Y d8 Lnl fln g âlnsrjl,ogm y lnl fln tfkg ca{ tp{ql

tfln @jlc Glk, a ya lfln ta cfgl tal n a% âlnsrjl ofg cfof fln

fln mo ea s{t e 4%;+'lm tpgln cfa @jlc Glk e :+'lm, a ya

tpln fr cfof fln m{l cam tpj ofa rf oj oo fg l tfjlf tgl al

t oj mlf% âlnsrjl cfln a `t o mt cfgl rf lg% tpgln cfa cfof

flnrfa tp rf ofg @jlc Glk e 4%1; ej M mt tfln,

Cfof fln tat cam tfa najl8

Tft yq% lf s f tp oj oln lnf% lnl fln jln ò mt ò

tal da tpgln eof s rft tpal oj mlf, Lnl fln l nl fl ya lnata{ dln lf mln ea Altkplkt fjq yal tfln, K-@jlcaln e mt clf najg

dof% nar ofg cfof fln o tf eal eo ya lnl fln mt oof lfjlf ofln%

tf{l tal tfo fal mt s lnfar y lnl fln ta `t c tfa am lg &04

na ma lnq% > lnq mt t{l! y `t o la {,Cfof fln cfln ol rfa

ta tl yl rfln najg dof oj lnl fln% cfln rfa mt tfa najl a ea fgo

lfa{ cfa rfa vr fln of ta et mlf, Na q yao tpjg a tfln talnaj cfof fln y lnl fln o nal eo of z{j mt oa oeaoc of{t fjq

`l rfm al tfga, a{ lq o àt o lnfj a ya oo cfof fln o t

tfa najl a l yl rfln tpo tar najg dof ya lnl fln% oo cfof fln

lf y yj% cfof fln o lfl o s eln najg dof ya lnl fln cfln

lfa{% s tal ma el najg dof cfln el, q e ea of m oo najg dof ca{


23/107

lnl fln tp{ql tfln cf o tf t o ya to lfjlf% oflf vo sg ya

lnl fln al t,

Tpgln lfr sln lfjlf oj o{o sln fal ljq% yao tat cam o tfa

najl oln tp ll lnq oln z{jl tpln, oflf y yq yao tof fr o oo

tal of tfjlf tgl dof y oln oln lf al% lo% yal tfln% oo dof y

tfjlf tgl rf `g fam ,,,,e oo dof y z{jl tpln fln {, Fal ta% tpl f

tfln Lnl fln al t oj Tkofogm`jlc% IBstA`jlc% `l o tf tfjlf

tgl tal al ya al eo FOM% tfjlf tgl fj l tf{ `jg tp sj{ oj

Yakttke% Mgàiglk% tfjlf tgl fj l `g fam ofg Rp{dkltaje% Rp{dkltaje

Ialjlok,,,y pt lfa{ dof y cfo,

Tfln tal eal eo ya lnl fln lfjlf fl y fa{ z{ fl,

Cfa cfof fln s dln lnl fln al t% f s lm o lfjlf ofln%

cr tfa lfln tfln tal y ta cfgl% t na% ea s{t, Of tpgln ofo et% z{j

mq ya tlf o la mln ya lnl fln% cfof fln o tf najg dof tpo tar

ya lnl fln cam tpj s d ta cfgl% of{ql tal% tfjlf tgl fj l dofy oln oln% tfjlf tgl tf tl dln% m{j so d{ eof% calf dgjlf lnga fa%

yjq l% m y a{ oflf% tfjlf tgl tf tl dln y c o calf dgjlf ofln

cfgl ya lnl fln,

Ya lfln tal of km ea% lnl fln al t jln dl cfln lf yja

tp oj mlf tpgln o{o sln fal a, Mt malf ofln o tf ofg ln dln

oj lnl fln al t e yao l p oo flf tfo tfln ma al t tpgln

lfln lm nl q, Fln egt oo tpjln npg{rgl &m{j tfkg lfm! m{jof{ln3

lfgmm{j3 fgtdkje3 fjq oo najl fln tpl oo tpjln tfln ma al t lf

Pln `jq fjq l ò pj a cg tfkg lfln lf{ o{ najg dof mln lnq mt

rfgln rf fl, Tfm yg % d `g s eln lna dln Mgàek `jlcaln tpl

tgl o{ jln tln lfjlf ya to :0;+ mt lm, q e clf tfjlf tgl


24/107

o oln tq Kdnjp D{ll ofg e tal tal lft tpgln yln ; lm ta, Z{j q o

tf lfl tfq lfln tl fa{ nar lnl fln al t lnq oln cfa so,

`,a ya cfof fln e dgjlf lnfarLnga lfln yja tp y tal of o `l la tpl% lnl fln al t oln o

lfln yja tp lf fln tof oo paln a ya cfof fln dgjlf lnfar, e

cf lln z{l e ta sl ta {,

Y d ya dof y oj lnl fln JO@8

Oo dgjlf lnfar s dln dof y JO@ Glealk cfln of jl tgl m

ol o o{ln or tfm lfln tal of o ea lf8 m ta cfgl tal na o c

fl% or lft of tf ta to y tt tgl tpo fl ta cfgl tal na o c fl%

of{ql yl% ea y ta cfgl tal na tfjlf tgl t lnof tpgln mt rft, Ya

tal of lq% dgjlf lnfar o tf fln ea s{t ojg fl nr 0-? el a ya s

tal lfl pa oj mlf% d of tpgln mt t{l y dgjlf lnfar fgl tgl of

ln l{ t v{t ol cfgl tal lq, o `at% dgjlf lnfar o tf yjq ta l

tpo t{ql tf ofr `ln s d ta cfgl tal na o c fl ya 0 flf tfo yjq

ml y yjq tfkg fl mo tf{ ofa r ln lf{ o{ yl t v{t oj dgjlf

lnfar, Cfln ol tf to% cfln ol l lnl fln% dgjlf lnfar o tf naa

lnl lnjq yg ta cfgl tal na tfjlf tgl of tpgln ya rft &tlf lln lq r

dln ofg dgjlf lnfar jln dln JO@ Glealk y o ta cfgl tal na o c

fl m glealk!, Cfa tp l% dgjlf lnfar o tf tp l yjq glealk8 t elf t

ln tpof tal na tfjlf tgl tp l yjq,

Cfln of najg dof fal ta% dgjlf lnfar o tf najg dof tpgln tln

eja8 t elf of{ql cfgl mt el tpgln tln eja ya s tal lf tpo fgo

t elf of{ql cfgl lf c tpgln tln eja, am cfo `at sg ya najg dof

tpo tar ta z{q e s dln najg dof z{j JO@ Glealk ofg rfr of dgjlf

lnfar% c tgl tpln q z{ql vo lfl elf ofg lfl s cfo oj dgjlf


25/107

lnfar ya fl mo najg dof dg dgjlf lnfar of lf ofg tln lna o q

z{ql,

Mt cfj olf cfo oln o tf lfo ta q% e s fr to oj oo

dgjlf lnfar% o z{jl tpln fo ya oo lnl fln tfln ma z{j f

tfln o{ln or tf JTM% najg dof z{j RG_ tpgln yao tp tal eln ofg lfl

yal% lr fo rf, Flf tfo fr to lq da flf tfo nar oo LFTM f{q

ln yl lfln oln cfln tf rf lfl tlf tf{l ea oj l a ya oo o

z{jl% dgjlf lnfar,

O tf la% lnl fln al t cfln of nr rfl tg pj ma tpln calf

t tf{l tal y fa{ z{ naj oo dgjlf lnfar m ln yja tp tpgln yao narz{l e ta oflf y q lfjlf yln z{jq oj yl : oof fa{ z{ fl, Lfln

to ln o lfln lf fln tof oo a ya s rft tpal oj o lfl

oo dgjlf lnfar la paln y tgl tf ll calf t la of{ln,

o,Ea of a ya ll calf tla of{lnLnga lfln ea of oflf a ya oo `l tfjm naj "Lnl fln al t"

la tpl% "Lnl fln al t" ol km ea lfln ea of tg el tam tln a ya

tgl tf ll calf t,

Yao ta{ dln of q{ `ln tal mt o pt lfa{ a{ fl of, Lf

lo rfa ` pj mt ofa rf lft lf fln lm tpgln yao al y z{l e s

eln tal al pj ofg tf tpln, Yao cf vo lf oflf vo eln tal e{ flf

tpgln dl cfal ofg lf lo nr lfa{ cf cfl tpgln yao j pj oo oflf

sof ta cfg lfm m `g mt tf tpln ta oflf l lf, "Lnl fln al

t" ya s rf `al s dln ta cfgl o lfl y tal al t s nr rfl cfln

lf tpgln yao tfg n cf cfl lq, Oflf tal al t y najg dof ta cfgl

em oa tfal cf lln tfjlf tgl tpgln tf tpln ta oflf,

"Lnl fln alt" nar ofg lf lo o tfln tal q y yao tfo

fal tf{ lr tf{ mt oof lfjlf ofln y or lft, O tf% lfm z{l e oft


26/107

of oo cfgl tf{ lnl sof Lf lo &L_LL! y tg tf{l ea ofg dgjlf

lnfar VLC tfo fal lnfj y lr tf{% lnq :;-:0-02:2 Lnl fln { t

y Rft tpal Yat Ljm &@ADY! y Tln oo Fa Z{jl c tfj tf{l fr to

tf{ L_LL y `g elf tf{ a ya fln fj VLC `ln rfln tfo al t,

Ya flf tfo dof y lq% @ADY m `g ta j z{ql ea cfof fln% of{

tpof lfam l oln ofg l cfa najg dof lr tf{ tflf oln, a ya

rft flf `g elf tf{% @ADY ft lnfj y ya cfof fln cfa cfgl tf{ `g

elf o lr yg L_LL,

Y mt v fa - calf t% LFTnr rfl tfo q oo fgt ln calf t

tfln ma% dof y y d{ eof rft tpal% tg a{ cal m pln z{jl f calf t

tfln ma ya cf{ yo y tf naa, o àt nr rfl tfo q oo fgt ln

tfln ma al t rft tpal,{ am oj LFT e o cf lln tf{ ft tpl

rfm ya pln y cfof fln `t c tfa am lg &04'04f'lnq! ya ma

cfgln oof y cfln najl% tfa najl, Oflf a{ lq nar ofg oo lnl fln

tar ol o cfof fln tt fl% tat cam o ofa rf najg dof,,,

Tfo fal oo fgt ln dof y LFT% ofg rfr oo Lnl fln tfof

ln lfjlf ofln ya lfln tfjq a oj tf tpln% a{ oflf cr tfa rf% ea

s{t% t na rf fr ya dal àl oj tlf flf tf tpln, Fl of pa pg dg

àl ln y na o oj tf tpln nq pj% mjln ea ea of calf t ofg lnl fln

y cfof fln tfjm naj sdln dof y oj LFT, q e ea of yt tpa sg

ya lnl fln tp{ql tfln,

_ ct fr fa fg tpgln z{ tplf rft tpal oo fgt ln dof y lnl

fln tp{ql tfln y rft tpal LFT% ofg rfr oo TOTD tar ol lfjlf ya

oo rfln rfr z{l e fala nar oo TOTD j dln fg sl rfm% tln

dgjlf tf{% lln ojg fa{ z{ fgt ln y o àt e lln ojg cf lln olf

tpjlf tpgln ll calf t fa lfr,


27/107

Oln ya v{ fln tgl o{ fg y s rft tpal pln cfr tpl tgl tf

naa oj tfln ma al t% "Lnl fln al t" oflf e ofao o{ la ofg s

fa lfr oj ll calf t tpgln lo ya ll calf t z{o t, oln e pj lf{

o{ or tfat a ya yao rft tpal Lnl fln al t ofg oo najg tfln la

j y z{o t m tgl o{ fj t pj,

AAA, V{ fln y calf lnfam rft tpal oj dof y lnl fln

al t tpl tf naa

:, "Lnl fln al t " tpl tf naa

Lf s f tp oj oln lnf% lnl fln jln ò mt ò tal da

tpgln eof s rft tpal oj mlf% l nl fl ya lna ta{ dln lf mln

ea Altkplkt fjq yal tfln, Ya na o { a% s tal dln% oo flf tfo

tfln ma tpo t{ql j yao s dln lnl fln al t tflf v{ fln

y e naa rfr najg dof rf àl tpl tf naa% cfa l tg a{ cal ta j ofg

yao najg dof mt oof tf{l tal lft% jl tgl lft y p lft,

j,Eof s rft tpal lnl fln al tLfln lnfal o{ y K-`jlcaln v{t fal t { lfln lm :1>2%

cfa % oo lnl fln oga e mt rfln rfr tfjq tf oo dof y tp{ql

tfln dg 0 e dg8

Ofa rf rft tpal y d{q tp ofa lflf ojg,

Oo sl rfm K-`jlcaln eo `q na s tp tflf ea tf olf tpjlf sg ya

oo lnl fln a tf, &Ofja Ekk Nga 0229!

T{q lfal% rfa ta lfln lm :162 oj tf c VV% cfa mln eaAltkplkt m pln tpl tgl o{% oln yas rft tpal oj f tfln TOR'AR% KDA

&Kekotpglao Djtj Altkpofjlnk! jld KIT &Kekotpglao I{lds Tpjlsikp! y najg dof

tfln ma al t% lf{ o{ tfjlf tgl al t naj tln% oo lf lnl fln

oo z{o naj rft tpal maò { j pj dof y lnl fln al t, Jlf%

yg lm:16?% Lgttalnfjm @{aedaln _goaktq% ol o na e L@_% o{ln or

dof y Altkplkt `jlcaln { tal, M flf lq tp tflf ll tln rft tpal


28/107

oo m flf Altkplkt`jlcaln lnq ljq, Ta M% dof y Altkplkt`jlcaln el {

tal o naa tfa{ yg tfln :2 lm :114 `a _tjligpd Ikdkpje Opkdat [lagl %

ofg rfr cfof fln tp{q or yg ta cfgl oj mlf tfln z{j

~keesijpng,ogm, Cfof fln cfa of o tf vkm s d y eof s najg dof

oj mlf, &Fastgpq gi Altkplkt @jlcaln @{xxek,ogm !

Lm :11> lf d{ mt ot mo z{jl tpln tpgln s ct fr mln

tfln tal da ln y tfjlf tgl al t cfa cfof fln ta Fkesalca &Rfl Ejl!

o tf s dln al tfga da ln m{j Ogoj ogej, T % lfl tfq tam

lln ln dln tfln maal t tfln z{j mln tfln tal da ln% oo lnl

fln y oln tq yal tfln yg o{o lfm rft tpal dof y Mg`aek

@jlcaln,

`,V{ fln rft tpal lnl fln al t tpl tf naa,

_ 0, Mo s dln K-`jlcaln tpl tf naa

&Ln{l8 Ln{ql lf Tfln 02:2!

Ta oo lo oln lnfar rft tpal% K-`jlcaln o s dln pln pa

t :2 lm tpo, _ cfof fln s dln K-`jlcaln ofam l >2+ dl s y

yl tar to tln,


29/107

&Ln{l 8AT[ ^gped Tkekogmm{laojtagl 'AOT Aldaojtgps djtj`jsk!

tf :, _ rft tpal AOT tgl o{ 022:-02::

Dof y lnl fln al t cfln lf o tflf oln z{j lfln

lm z{j y tp tflf m flf tt q{ ofg f tfln lnl fln, Oo dof y al

t oj lnl fln jln lnq oln rft tpal lft e cfa l o f tp mlf m

oj s rft tpal oln lnf tfln tal y tp{ql tfln, Tfkg o tlf oj Eal

malf Yal tfln Z{o t AT[% s lna s dln al tfga da ln nr fl 4

el tpgln yln :2 lm nl q% fal o ta 69,>':22 lna s dln al tfga

da ln, Mt lna dlnAltkplkt oln tln el, _ v{t fal oj sl rfm

Altkplkt `ln tfln pln ya to v e ojg oln e d{ mo z{jl tpln lfd{ s rft tpal oj AOT, Lfln oln lnf fal a o r dln yg f

tfln lnl fln j tgl f tfln `o yg rfj tf fja oj of{ c rft

tpal% ofg rfr lnl fln y cfof fln najg tar ma eo% ma la,

2

:2

02

?2

42

;2

92

>2

62

12

:22

022: 0220 022? 0224 022; 0229 022> 0226 0221 02:2 02::(

Tlf

tpl:

22l

na

_ rft tpal AOT tgl o{% 022:-02::(

Tf{ `jg da ln

_ dln Altkplkt

ln al tfga o lf

@ln tfln pln cfln dq

@ln tfln pln o lf

( o tlf( o tlf


30/107

_ ?, Of{ c rft tpal oj f tfln lnl fln

Mo rf or Altkplkt tln el oln ya na dof yAOT nam cfal

cfa oo lo jln rft tpal tp tflf tf tpln cfln e q tam lln,

tf 0, T e s dln Altkplkt tpl tln dl s

_ lna s dln Altkplkt tln el mlf tpgln yln ; lm tp ea q,

Tfkg o tlf oj AT[% lm 02::% o ta ?;+ tln dl s s dln dof y

Altkplkt% tpgln s lna s dln oo lo rft tpal tln ln c% mt


31/107

`ln ofln cfo ofg tfq na AOT oln lnq oln rf fr ya ta tal oj

lna dl fl,

Ta oo lo rft tpal% s dln al tfga tfln malf jln tp tflf

mt v{ fln,

tf ?,T e s dln al tfga tfln malf ta mt s z{o naj rft

tpal

T e s dln al tfga tfln malf lm z{o naj a dal tpl tfa

{ tln of tpgln lm 02::, Tpgln cfa % t e s dln al tfga o al

nam mlf, _ tfjq a tpgln ta{ dln lq tfo q s rft tpal mlf m

fl lj s rft tpal oj k`jlcaln% cfal yao tar ol oo dof y ta oflf tp

ll tal dln fl `jg na ft% ma eo% ma la,

O{a lm 02:2% o 4,0 t lna s dln _M_% ofam cfgln 62+ tpl

tln s tf{ `jg da ln & Ln{l8 J@A Pkskjpof pkrgptkd gl Dkokm`kp 01 gi

02:2' tfk TgmaJfglkl Jemjljo 02:2!, O 06+ &:,? t! lna s dln da ln


32/107

tp{q or Altkplkt `ln da ln3 tp{q or Altkplkt t al tfga yt z{j mo tp{q

or t mq tlf o lfl,

0, Dof y "Lnl fln al t" mt s lo

j, Fgj C

Z{ A lm 02::% s lna s dln lnlfln tpo t{ql Fgj C tln

>+ sg ya oln c 02:2% y tln 4+ sg ya c tpo 3 o 9; tpa{ ta cfgl

tal na &EDJ! tpl f tfln glealk-`jlc tlf tpgln lfm :2 lnl fln el

lft,

tf 4, T e s dln oo ln dln Altkplkt

O :4+ lna dln Altkplkt s dln dof y tp{q yl ta cfgl &z{j

kmjae fgo _M_! y 6+ s dln oo dof y z{l tp ta oflf o lfl z{j

mln, @a{ oln ofg tfq s z{jl tm oj cfof fln ta lfln dof y

lq yt fl t e s dln tfo t% ofg tfq tam lln y tf tpln tpgln

tln eja,

99+ cfof fln tfjlf tgl fj l tpo t{ql% to tln tpln ofm

ea sg ya s tln tpln ta :1+ tpgln lm 02:2, E dg el lft e eg lna y


33/107

tlf `g mt oj dof y oln lnq oln tln,&Ln{l8 02:: _tjtk gi Glealk

jld Mgàek @jlcaln% ogm_ogpk% Alo,!

tf ;, Fl of tfjlf tgl fg l al t M

`, Tp{ln Z{o

Tp{ln Z{o l eo tr tp{ln vq dln f tln o s ofg oln lnf tfln

tal, Oln lnf rfl oln t to tln tpln cfgln 4;+'lm, Oln lnf

rfl mm tln 02+'lm,

Lm 0226% Tp{ln Z{o t cfgln >4>%4 tpa{ tf{ `jg da ln% lm

0221 tln tfm fl :22 tpa{, O{a lm 0221% s lna d{ln Altkplkt e ?64

tpa{ lna, Lnlf yal tfln tg pj dgjlf tf{ 0;>2 t lfl dl t, Lm 02:2%

1?+ lna s dln da ln o dln _M_,

Mo d Tp{ln Z{o ò yg "Lnl fln al t" pt ofm% lfln lm

nl q o lfln ò rft tpal ln c, Lnq 2:'21'02:2% sa{ lnl fln

al t% o tf e f tfln lnl fln al t tff tf fja% o tf lnfam ta

`l tflf rf { tal e Z{ln Of{% @o Calf% Tfal Tl% y Tfm Z{ql,

Lnq 24'::'02:2% 01 lnl fln { tal o ofg rfr tp{q or yg f

tfln, _ v{t fal oj sa{ lnl fln al t o c yln s tfo q tfjlf


34/107

tgl tpo t{ql3 `ln oof tg pj mt clf tfjlf tgl l lf% jl tgl y fa{

z{,

o, Oo lo J_KJL_ lna s dln oo tpjln ~k` lnl fln cf{ yo ln Ljm

tln mlf tpgln lfln lm tp ea q, Oo lnl fln lnq oln fa{ `at fl

y Altkplkt y cfof fln z{kl ya fgt ln tfjlf tgl fj l z{j mln,

Tpgln lm 02:2% s cfof tp{q or oo tpjln ~k` lnl fln tln

mo fja ogl s ta 9 lo o cfg st Yat Ljm% Mjejqsaj% Aldglksaj%

Rfaearralks% Fgln Cgln y _alnjrgpk &Ln{l8 ogm_ogpk!3 Yat Ljm% Aldglksaj

y Rfaearralks o t e tln fln lm ojg lft &Aldglksaj o mo tln ojg lft>0+!,

_ lna s dln dof y lnl fln tpo t{ql Yat Ljm tln ?;+

t >2:,222 el 141,222 tpgln lm 02:2, Tpgln cfa % s lna dln

Aldglksaj tln t 4?;,222 tpgln tfln :'02:2 el >41,222 mt lm sj{ , Ogl

s lq Rfaearralks tln ?1+ t ?>>,222 el ;0;,222,

Mjejqsaj e lo o s eln cfof fln s dln dof y lnl fln z{jmln el lft ya 0%> tpa{ lna tpgln tfln :'02::% tln :9+ t 0%4 tpa{,

_alnjrgpk ya 661,222 cfof tp{q or tpgln tfln :'02:: sg ya >>1,222 cfof

oj oln c lm lnga% tln ln mo tln :4+,

Mo d t o lfln t e tln tpln l tln% lfln tf tpln lq

ma of o mo s dln tln a tfr sg ya dl s ll tam lln pt el%

o `at cfa lna dln o tf `t { tfjlf tgl oo fj l al lo% altfga tpo t{ql,

Tpgln lfm oo lo J_KJL% _alnjrgpk% e mt tpgln lfln lo r

dln tfjlf tgl al t { tal tpl tf naa, Tpgln rfal fr cfja mo or `

tpln ^TG t ofo _alnjrgpk &:0':119!% _alnjrgpk oflf tfo cfja

tpln yao ln dln tgl dal oo ega tf% tf nfa l% tf tal mt altkplkt% tf

tfln malf% tf m{j fln dal t% ta tal al t, F tfln najg dof al t

jl tgl mjlf tlf z{o t &Lkt~gpc igp Kekotpglao Tpjlsikps! tflf er tfln


35/107

4':11> o j yg s dln tgl dal o{a lm :116, _alnjrgpk j el

altkplkt ?2 ofln tplf rfl mm ln dln of{ql rfo y tfln ma al

t, O ta fl :2%222 am `l fln tpl fl g lq o er t tfat `

tfjlf tgl tf nfa l,

_alnjrgpk oln tf{o lfm lo o mo na AOT tfr% tg a{ cal ofg

j s lna dl tar vo ya Altkplkt y al tfga,

tf 9, Lfm lfln z{o naj o na AOT tfr lft


36/107

OFLN 08 TFO TPLN RFT TPAL LNL FLN

AL T TA YAT LJM

A, Tfo tpln tpal cfja y rft tpal dof y lnl fln alt ta Yat Ljm

:, O s rfr eYao o{ln or oo dof y najg dof al t tpgln o K -@jlcaln o

tfo fal tpl o s E{t Najg dof al t oj Z{o fa Lo Oln fg V

fa Of lnfj Yat Ljm s ;:'022;'ZF:: `jl flf lnq 01'::'022;, q e

o s rfr e ma lft tfo fal oonajg dof al t, E{t lq ofln dl o tf `ln lnf lf oj Oflf rf s ;>'0229'L-OR lnq 1

tfln 9 lm 0229 y Tfln ma al t,

Mt s yl `l e{t cfo lf8

Z{qt lf s 24'0229'Z-LFLL `jl flf Z{q of jl tgl% `g mt f

tfln oln lnf tfln tal tpgln lnlf Lnl fln,

Z{qt lf s ?;'0229'Z-LFLL `jl flf Z{q lf y oo ln{ql to

z{l e pa pg tpgln fgt ln lnl fln al t,

Z{qt lf s ?>9'022?'Z-LFLLZ{q lf y `g z{l% e{ tp ofln

t al t s dln fof tgl y tfjlf tgl yl oj oo t ofo o{ln ln

dof y tfjlf tgl,

Z{qt lf oj ?26-Z'LFLL `jl flf Z{q of y er% s dln% cam

sgt% v e% `g z{l y e{ tp ofln t al t oj oo Lnl fln y T ofo

tl dln,

Z{qt lf s 02'022> oj LFLL `jl flf z{q of rft flf s dln%

tfjlf tgl y o{ln or dof y f tp tf lnl fln,


37/107

Z{qt lf s ?0'022> oj LFLL y fl of s d a ya tf tp tpo

y djlf,

Z{qt lf s ?6'022> oj LFLL `jl flf z{q of or% s dln y

z{l e m t ofo rft flf tf,

Z{qt lf ?::?'022> rf d{qt l vq dln tp{ln tm of{ql mof

tf tfln lft tf{o l cfln dln tal mt naja gl 0229-02:2,

0, Tfo tpln tpal cfja tln ega flf dof yj, F tfln tf' JTM-RG_Oflf sof tfo q fgt ln tfjlf tgl z{j tf

Lfln lm nl q% Oflf rf o lfa{ o of% oflf sof tfo q

tfjlf tgl tpgln najg dof v fa y calf dgjlf cfln dln tal mt, Tpgln %

mo ta{ l 0202% y o `l Yat Ljm s cfln ol tfjlf tgl `ln tal mt

tpgln tf{ ofa lnl sof,

Lnq 01':0'0229% Tf tln Oflf rf `jl flf Z{qt lf s01:'0229'Z-TTn oj% l tfjlf tgl cfln dln tal mt naja gl 0229-

02:2 y lf fln l lm 0202 `o { mjln ea ct z{ ln cf

z{jl,

Tf tln Oflf rf `jl flf Of tf 02'022>'OT-TTn y yao tp

eln z{j ta cfgl ofg oo a tln fln eln t lnl sof c t lnq

2:'2:'0226, Of tf 02 o ln egt tpal cfja tfo fal ta tt o oo @

lnlf% o z{jl tp{ln ln y ta q `jl Lfl dl 9? tlf% tflf rf tpl o

lo, _j{ 4 lm tpal cfja tfo fal% ofg l ljq f{ ft oo @% lnlf

tpal cfja tfo fal t nl :22+ ol ` oln ofo ta tp s oflf y oo l

y s lnfar tpo tf{o3 q `jl Lfl dl oo tlf% tflf rf oln tpal cfja

t nl 61+ s ol ` oln ofo emyao ta tp s o z{jl ln oo tflf

rf y oo tf v,


38/107

Lnl fln Lf lo &LFLL! ofg `at% tlf l tfa am tfln

:0'02:2% s l y fln eln t L_LL tpl tgl z{o e 6:,912 l y &tln

?,9:> l y sg ya o{a lm 0221!% tpgln s l y fln eln t L_LL

ta oo tflf rf% tf v of ofam cfgln ?2+ ol ea cfgln >2+ s l y e

ta oo f{ql% v yln lln tfl m tfo t l ljq j s oo f{ql ma

of o er t `lf z{l t :- :2 mq y o er t of q{ ta tf tpl

f{ql e la tr tp{ln ln dl o y o a{ cal tf{l ea, O{a lm 02:2%

tfln c s ` tpl tgl z{o yl ol :2? f{ql tpl tln s ;;4 f{ql ofj

o mq JTM% lfa{ lft ta oo tlf Ojg @ln% F Najln% _l Ej% Fj @lf%

Ql @a% Tfjlf Fj% Z{ln Lna, oo cf{ yo lq yao { t o s f tlnoj oo t ofo o{ln ln dof y tfjlf tgl &TOODYTT! pt cf tfo fal y

lln eo o{ln ln dof y ol pt fl of oj oo lnlf al% yal tfln% oo

a{ cal sln oj lna s dln dof y,

_ l y fln eln t

L_LL z{j ta cfgl

T e' s l y fln eln

t L_LL

O{a lm

0221

?0,:?: 4:%;+

O{a lm

02:2

4?,1;? ;4+

@ln :, Tfln c s l y fln eln t L_LL z{j ta cfgl

&Ln{l8 Far fa tf Yat Ljm!

Lnq 0>'9'02::% Lnl fln Lf lo Yat Ljm o yl `l q{ o{

oo t ofo rft flf tf y oo t ofo tfjlf tgl tf rfa fr tpal cfja ct

la mln ea RG_ tpl tgl z{o% m `g fgl tflf ct la eal tfln mln

ea RG_ tpo lnq ?:':0'02::, Of tf o tf tfo fal oo najg dof pt

tal% al sjg c% yl tal s d fjq tfjlf tgl tal m{j fln fj% dof y ta


39/107

mln ea JTM'RG_ pln cfr oj tt o oo lnl fln tfjq y of o rfr

tfo fal najg dof ta oo mq JTM'RG_ oj mt s lnl fln lg tpgln

la ` f tfln oj mlf,

Lnq 0>':0'02::% Tf tln Oflf rf rf d{qt l q mlf

tfjlf tgl cfln dln tal mt naja gl 02::-02:;, Mo ta{ oj l e l

o{a lm 02:;% tln mlf s lna dl tar ol oo dof y tfjlf tgl% lln t

e lna dl o ta cfgl ta lnl fln &LF! el mo ?;+ -42+ dl s3 rft

tpal dof y tfjlf tgl tf% tpln tm e rft tpal tfjlf tgl z{j am ofr

lfl tf3 tgl tf tpln o cfgln 0;2,222 tfat ` ofr lfl tf o er t

ya s eln najg dof t cfgln 022 tpa{ najg dof'lm,

@ln l s eln

Tf tfjlf tgl o mt lo tj t cfgln lm :114 tfln z{j flf

tfo a e ofr lfl tf oj oo t ofo tf z{o t, l lm :119% oo ega

tf LF v{t fal lfa{ fl lfln rfa l lm 0220% cfa tf nfa l la j

&JTM! { tal ya tfln fa{ Yaktogm`jlc Ogllkot 04 pj a oln mlnea mq najg dof t ln JTM ta Yat Ljm% tf tpln tf LF ma tft s

`ln l, Oo t ofo o{ln ln dof y tof oo lm t o fa rft flf tf

ofg a tln fln eln t L_LL% ll q mlf rft tpal o s f tln

oj oln lnf tf% lf s eln JTM y RG_ tpgln ? lm z{j rft tpal

ya to ojg, Dgjlf s s dln tf lm 02:2 tpl 922,222 t YL, Oln

tpgln lm 02:2% Yat Ljm o ta 60;%; tpa{ et najg dof `ln tf% &lm022; of e 02%0 tpa{ et y 921 tpa{ et lm 0221!, _ rft tpal oj dof

y tf LF o tf vkm e elf yo rft tpal lln ln lft tpgln oo rfln

tal tfjlf tgl cfln dln tal mt, Mt lnl fln el fal rft flf ma

fln lm oln cfgln : - 0 tpa{ tf,

Ta dal l lnl fln ln Ljm 02::% ya s tfjm naj oj

Altkpljtaglje Djtj Npg{r &ADN!% tf tpln tf Yat Ljm o lf na e mt


40/107

tf tpln lln ln fln { tf naa% ya mo tln tpln cfgln :6%;+ t

ljq l lm 02:4,

tfjlf tgl fj l tal al% lo% al tfga% `g fam% fo rf,

Tfkg z{q lf l lm 02:; tgl ` lnl fln s rft flf tf ofar y

v{ fln tf tpln oln s dl tfjq a r ln, Fal o cfgln :; lnl

fln `t { s dln tf ofar ya cfgln ;22,222 tf, Ma tf ofar o na `l

tpl da 0 [_D y ojg fl ; - :2 el tf t,

Oln

e{ cs eln JTM s eln RG_'KOD

0229 0,:;4 # 0:+ :4,222 # :>+

022> 4,?22 # 11% 9?+ 0?,222 # 94% 01+

0226 >,922 # >9%>4+ 0;,222 # 6%>2+

0221 1,>22 # 0>%9?+ ?4,222 # ?9+

02:2 ::,014 # :9%4?+ 41,9?1 # 49%22+

02:: < :;,222 # ?0%6:+ < 94,222 #06%1?+

@ln 0, Tfln c s eln mq JTM y RG_'KOD

&Ln{l8 Far fa tf Yat Ljm!

_ tf JTM Tfln fa{ _ t ofo rft

flf

0229 ?%; tpa{ # ?2+ 92 :>

022> 6%? tpa{ # :?>%:4+ W 0;


41/107

0226 :4 tpa{ # 96%96+ :92 42

0221 0:%; tpa{ # ;?%;>+ < :62 49

02:2 ?2%> tpa{ # 40%>1+ 0?2 41

02:: 42 tpa{ # ?2%01+ W W

@ln ?, Tfln c s eln tf JTM% tfln fa{% s t ofo rft flf

&&Ln{l8 Far fa tf Yat Ljm!

Tfkg s ea{ oj ct z{ cfg st% najg dof z{j JTM'RG_ t o mo

ojg lft ;?+ &tpgln s lfln lna s dln LFT!, Ofg tfq cfof fln

oln lnq oln o v{ fln j tfof yao dln tf JTM y tf tfjlf tgl,

T{q lfal% rfl cfo tf tpln tf tfjlf tgl yl ol m m% tfkg

lnfal o{ oj Lakeskl 04'26'02::% o cfgln 0?+ lna cfg st jln s

dln tf JTM lfln of o :+ s dln tf tfjlf tgl, To tln tpln

rft flf oo ega tf t 0229 - 02:2 t t :;2+ - 022+% lfln t e tfjlftgl fln fj dof y `ln tf lnl fln of t ofj l ;+, _ eln najg

dof pt tal mt `ln tf z{j f tfln JTM ofam l >2 - 62+ s eln najg

dof tf tfo fal, Ln{ql lfl cfln s dln tf tfjlf tgl tfkg cfg st o

l ;1+ cfln o lf{ o{% ?:+ cfln fa{ `at lfa{ y dof y y :?+ om

tfq cfln tf{l tal dg tf to ln c ta cfgl pm p% lfa{ la cfln

ofr lfl tf tfjlf tgl,

Tln na tp najg dof z{j tf tln

Dgjlf s ofa ta{ z{j tf tln ojg tpgln lm 02::, Tfkg s ea{ oj far

fa Tf Yat Ljm% dgjlf s oo ega tf el l ?0 t [_D yg o{a lm 02::%

sgln najg dof pt tal yl ol el% ofam fl 62+, Ta lfln sa{ tf el lf

Og,grmjpt% @an O% Oatamjpt% Mjvamjpc% tfjlf tgl cfln dln tal mt of t

vr v :+ y cfln z{ ;+ tln dgjlf tf{,


42/107

_ ea{ oj oo lnl fln j pj oln ofln malf mo j tfof dln

tf o ofa{ fln tln el, DglnJ@jlc &DJ@! e lnl fln o eln tf el

tpl tf tpln ya fl9%299 tpa{ tf oo ega l o{a lm 02::% tln ofa ta{

z{j tf tpgln lm tln fl 42%94+ sg ya lm 02:2, Tpgln % of o >,:;;

tf tl dln z{o t% ofam 2%:0+ tln eln tf rft flf% lfln ofa ta{ oj

ega tf lq t :4:%;>? t ln% ofam 0:+ tln dgjlf tf{, Lm 02:0%

DJ@ d cal rft flf 922,222 tf ma,

Ofa lflf Yaktogm`jlc TR,FOM% ofa ta{ z{j tf la j mt tfln

ofln ?2 t ln z{j oo clf tfjlf tgl tpo tar% mln3 o `at tfln z{j

RG_ tln mlf, Ofa ta{ oj oo of tf tl dln oj Yaktogm`jlc TR,FOM

t cfgln 022 t ln'tfln, O{a lm 02::% Yaktogm`jlc o 9 tpa{ tf

la j y : tpa{ tf z{o t% ya tln ofa ta{ z{j tf `lf z{l tln ?2+ tln

lm, @lf z{l mt cfgl ofa ta{ z{j tf tl dln Yaktogm`jlc e ? tpa{

ln'najg dof% o s eln el lna s dln dln tf mo ? - 4 el't{l,

Of tf tl dln lnq oln ofa ta{ ta tf tpln Yat Ljm lfa{ fl% ofam

cfgln ?2 - 42+, Lm 02:0% Yaktogm`jlc TR,FOM s rft flf ma : tpa{

tf,

Tln ofa ta{ tfo fal z{j tf tl dln oj lnl fln F_@O Yat Ljm

o t e tln tpln `lf z{l tpgln `j lm z{j e fl 12+, Fl ;2+ ofa ta{

tfjlf tgl `ln tf tl dln oj lnl fln F_@O o tfo fal lo

lnga8 _alnjrgpk% M% Fgln Cgln% Jlf z{o% o%, Ofa ta{ lfa{ lft yg

oo dof y l {ln% z{l g% rf cal% d{ eof y `l e,

F tfln of{ql mof ct la eal tfln f tfln JTM tpl tgl z{o

a, F tfln _mjptealcMln ea am ofr lfl tf &JTM% RG_! eal ct ya f tfln

_mjptealc `jg rf ta 1;+ s elnJTM% RG_ ta Yat Ljm% rfo y tpl ?2


43/107

tpa{ of tf la j% v e tln na tp najg dof `lf z{l nl :29 t

ln'lnq,

_mjptealc fal o ?4 lnl fln tflf yal &LFTY!% tln ln ya

nl >2 + s eln oo lnl fln rft flf tf tpl tgl z{o,

Yo{a lm 02::% _mjptealc ct la tfm ?222 JTM oj oo LFTY%

lln tln s JTM tf{o f tfln _mjptealc el fl 6222 JTM% ofam fl

;?%? + tf rfl ta Yat Ljm fal ljq,

aa, F tfln @jlclktylOln tq O rfl Of{ql mof Ta oflf Z{o naj Yat Ljm o t flf

er lnq 21 tfln 2> lm 0224 ya s tfjm naj nr yl oj 6 o ln sln er

nm > lnl fln fln { Yat Ljm y Oln tq al tgl y Tp{ql s ea{,

@jlclktyl fal o :9 lnl fln tflf yal,

@jlclktyl ct la ya Ofalj [laglRjq &O[R! - t ofo of{ql mof

d{q lft ta Tp{ln Z{o o tflf er t 0220 y Oln tq Of{ql mof Tf

Eal `jln Lnj - Oegskd Hgalt-stgoc Ogmrjlq Rpgokssaln Ogmrjlq &[lagl

Ojpd - [O!,

@jlclktyl oln o{ln or dof y Oln tfjlf tgl tpo t{ql% mjln

tfln fa{ @lWdk`at% ofgrfr oo ^k`satk `l fln ofr lfl tfjlf tgl

tal fln fj y dof y tpo t{ql `ln tf lnl fln,

aaa, F tfln Yaktljm @jlc Ojpd &YL@O!Eal malf tf Yaktljm @jlc Ojpd JTM &YL@O! o sln er `a lnl

fln ln , Y,L,@,O, fal jln z{l e f tfln ct la naj :2 lnl fln

y 2: oln tq tflf yal &tr gl Mja Ealf! ya mln ea fl :,622 mq

JTM% 0,222 mq RG_ rf pln cfr oo tlf tflf tpgln o lo% rfo y fl

; tpa{ of tf Yat Ljm y z{o t,

ay, _ ct la oo f tfln of{ql mof


44/107

Mln JTM oj oo lnl fln tflf yal 0 oln tq of{ql mof

_mjptealc y @jlclktyl ct la tflf oln t lnq 0?';'0226, Tfm yg %

s ct la eal tfln f tfln tfjlf tgl z{j mln RG_ &`t { yg lnq

06'1'02:2 ta F La y lnq 21':0'02:2 ta TR F Of Malf! ofg tln oln

:; lnl fln tfln ma y ? oln tq @jlclktyl% _mjptealc y Y,L,@,O naj

tln o{ln ln tal of tfjlf tgl cfln dln tal mt ofg oo of tf3 ln

tfa lfm tat cam ofa rf { t m pln mln ea RG_ y nam ta ofg f

tfln JTM oj tln lnl fln,

Naj lm 02::% _mjptealc oln fgl tflf ct la eal tfln :4,622

JTM oj oo lnl fln tf{o ? mln% j rf sln JTM el 16+ s

eln mq JTM oj tgl tf tpln, _ eln RG_ oj oo lnl fln tflf

yal _mjptealc o ct la e ;222 am% lln tln s RG_ tf{o f tfln

_mjptealc el nl ??,;22 am% ofam ;?%: + tf rfl ta Yat Ljm, _ eln

RG_ oj oo lnl fln tf{o ? mln @jlclktyl - _mjptealc - YL@O o ct

la eal tfln z{j f tfln _mjptealc t nl ;6,222 am% j `jg rf tf

tpln RG_ el 12+ s eln RG_ oj tgl tf tpln,

_mjptealc s fr to ya @jlclktYL tal flf oo tf to naj lfr mln

tfjlf tgl of{ &JRL!, JRL o tflf er yg lm 0229 ta Mjejqsaj ya

mo of ct la f tfln of{ql mof oo lo cf{ yo of{ Tfa @lf

Dln% fal nm a dal oj Mjejqsaj% _alnjrgpk% Aldglksaj% Tfa Ejl%

Rfaearralks% Fl Z{o y Yat Ljm &@jlclktYL naj lfr JRL!, Ya yao

tp tflf tflf yal oj JRL% oo lnl fln Yat Ljm s o m pln mln

ea tfjlf tgl tf oj mlf pj oo lo tpgln cf{ yo, Lna dln tf oj oo

lnl fln ta Yat Ljm z{j f tfln lq s o fln lfa{ tal of fl,

`,Altkplkt `jlcaln_ rft tpal y s eln


45/107

Tfkg Pkskjpof ) Mjpckts% Yat Ljmfal o fl 02 lnl fln tpal cfja

Altkplkt @jlcaln, T{q lfal% fal of o s t lna s dln dof y lnl fln

àt y dln l tal of altkplkt `jlcaln ta Yat Ljm% tpgln cfa Yat Ljm e

lo o t e lna s dln Altkplkt cf ojg tpgln cf{ yo,

Lnfal o{ oj Lakeskl 04'26'02:: ofg tfq% tpgln s oo cfof fln

o cfg st% of o :+ s dln Altkplkt @jlcaln% to dof y lnl fln z{j

mln ta Yat Ljm% tpgln cfa t e s dln Altkplkt ta Yat Ljm e 04+ dl s%

t e cf ojg tpgln cf{ yo% of sj{ Mjejqsaj e 9?+, Tfkg cfg st oj

Lakeskl% o 0 ln{ql lfl naa tfof ofg tlf tpln lq8

Cfof fln ofj àt l altkplkt `jlcaln% fgo o àt l oln cfln

àt oof s dln & t e lq e ;0+ s lna o cfg st!,

Eg s pa pg y `g mt &o 06+ s lna tp ea e cfln s dln dof

y y cfln o eln tal yg dof y lnl fln z{j mln!,

a ya lfm a tln tp tfo tp ta F La% tpgln s lfln lna

o fa% o ?9+ s dln dof y Glealk `jlcaln &Ln{l8 Ct z{ cfg st!,

a ya najg dof tp{q yl% cfof fln o tf tfo fal 04'04 c o lnq

tf >% of lft y lnq lnf e, Oo najg dof ol ea% l{ cfof fln tfo fal

tpgln na em yao% s o fa{ eo lnjq tpgln lnq em yao, Lnga tfa najl

tpl y tpgln lnq lnf% lnq e tf s o nfa lfl y o fa{ eo yg lnq

em yao tar tfkg,

Lm 02:2% Yat Ljm o lf na e o mt tpgln lfln z{o naj o t

e tln tpln s eln lna dln Altkplkpt `jlcaln ojg lft ln Ljm

&oln ya Aldglksaj y Rfaearralks!, Mt cfg st oj ogm_ogpk 21'2?'02:: of

pj pln tln s cfof fln s dln glealk `jlcaln Yat Ljm tln ?;+

tpgln lm 02:2 &t >2:%222 lna 0221 ta 141%222! &Aldglksaj tln >0+%

Rfaearralks tln ?1+!,


46/107

o,Mgàek' _M_ `jlcalnLm 022?% LFTMOR Of{ e lnl fln Yat Ljm { tal ln dln

Mgàek @jlcaln rfl rfa oo dof y ta oflf lnl fln tfln z{j flf

tfa _M_, Fal ljq% oo LFTM Yat Ljm tar to oa tal y ln dln oo

flf tfa cfo oj Mgàek @jlcaln lf ^JR y Mgàek Oeaklt Jrreaojtagls

lfm o{lnor oo tal of tt fl ofg cfof fln y m `g jl tgl tpgln

fgt ln calf dgjlf lnl fln,

Tlf l o{a lm 02::% 6 lnl fln tpal cfja Mgàek @jlcaln oo

mo cfo lfj{, _ dln dof y _M_ @jlcaln% tln a s t ln na tal

lfl tfln `g àl ln s d ta cfgl ta cfof fln ma cfa ta cfgl oj

cfof fln o najg dof rft salf, Lnga pj% `ln oof sgl tal lfl tfkg o

rfr z{q lf na tln a% cfof fln o tf tpj o{ s d ta cfgl% sjg c

ofa tat lfln najg dof nl lft% tpj o{ j am ofa lflf% j am t

JTM% t na% ea s{t,,, Dof y _M_ `jlcaln o tf o s dln à cfof

fln jln s dln al tfga da ln oj f{ ft oo mln8 Yaljrfglk%

Mgàiglk% Yakttke, _-Iglk y KYL - Tkekogm% Yaktljmgàek% @kkealk,

T{q lfal fa{ z{ oj dof y lq mjln ea ofg cfof fln cfln ojg%

v{t rft t e dg cf s dln, Lnl fln q{ o{ cfof rfa nfa lf o rfr

tal lfl tfkg z{q lf oj f% s eln c t tp{ql a tpl mt `l tal ea `

naa fl, @l olf % tlf `g mt ea cm dg la d{ln tal lfl tfln o

e{ tp tpgln fr tf na a oj mq al tfga% d ea{ na t mq al tfga

l lnl fln cfln o m fj y c al t ll jl tgl cfln ojg, Y

yl tl ta oo am fl of y tlf `g mt la tpl ll cam sgt pa pg a

ya oo najg dof ta oflf s dln rfln tfo lfl tal% oo lnl fln of

dln ea yao o{ln or tfln tal fgo tfo fal najg dof ta oflf ya fl

mo pt tfr,


47/107

Yao tpal cfja ln dln mgàek `jlcaln o oo lnl fln vkm lf

mt naa rfr cfo rfo lfln am q{ la tpl oj _M_ @jlcaln, @ln

yao tof fr oo ln dln lnl fln el ofao al tfga da ln% lna dln

o tf dln TD najg dof lfjlf% tal ea fl sg ya tf JTM, Mgàek

`jlcaln o Lnl fln Of{ &JO@! tal rfgln tpal cfja t lm 022?%

tpl o s fr to ya Oln tq Rfl mm ) Tp{ql tfln YJ_O y fja lf

o{ln or dof y al tfga da ln MgàIglk y YaljRfglk, o o{ln or pj

tf tpln tpgln lo ya lm lfln tfkg tfln c t oo lnl fln% mgàek

`jlcaln yl ol t lna ta{ dln Yat Ljm ofr lfl s dln, T{q lfal%

oo lnl fln yl jln q mlf yao { t y rft tpal mln dof y lq l { v{ fln rft tpal tpgln tln eja,

Fal ljq nl lf lnl fln lg ta Yat Ljm oln o dof y Mgàek

@jlcaln eal ct ya oo lf mln da ln% oo lf o{ln or dof y tfjlf tgl

tpo t{ql,

Y d8 Dof y Mgàek -`jlcaln oj lnl fln TMOR Of{8 Mgàek-

`jlcaln e mt rfln tal rfl rfa sl rfm dof y lnl fln oj Lnl

fln Of{% cfof fln dln al tfga da ln lfl tal tfkg m{ oj Lnl

fln% na l s 11> s dln dof y, Tt o oo cfof fln { o tf s

dln dof y Mgàek-`jlcaln oj Lnl fln Of{ ya lfa{ dof y lf8

Dof y o{ln or tfln tal sl rfm dof y lnl fln lf t na% na

ofln cfgl

Dof y o{ln or tfln tal ta cfgl o lfl% s d% `ln c najg dof%

s d e{ c ofln cfgl% tfln `g s d t ln

Dof y tfjlf tgl fg l dof y% m{j sm fln fg% tfjlf tgl fg

l al%lo% al tfga


48/107

Dof y ma naa ofln cfgl &tfkg da tfln tal ta cfgl% t elf m{j

`l!

ln c s dln dof y% cfof fln ln c ta ofa lflf JO@ nl

lft y o or mt m s dln tfjlf tgl tpl f tfln Mgàek-`jlcaln, Cfa

cfof fln sgl tal lfl tfkg z{q lf oj lnl fln ofg tln dof y na ta

lnl fln tfkg s 11> s o lnl fln tfo fal y tfln `g ct z{ tfln

tal% najg dof tfkg q{ o{ o tf, _j{ q e mt ya m{ tal lfl q{ o{ dof

y8

Vkm tfln tal t na8 JO@Tqnaj &Tn! Ega lnga t} 8 JO@ Tqnaj [_DK[P NGED

Vkm tfln tal na ofln cfgl8 JO@ NajOC &OC! Ega ofln cfgl}8

JO@ NajOC Pkk _jm Fjr

Dof y tfjlf tgl tfln z{j f tfln Mgàek-`jlcaln8 Cfof fln o

tf s dln dof y lq tfjlf tgl tal m{j sm fln fg dof y ta oo

sa{ tf% lf fln% tpjln ~k` `l fln tpl mln, Cfa cfof fln na tal

lfl q{ o{ tfjlf tgl tfkg m{ o sl% lnl fln s na tal lfl vo

lfl najg dof y tfo fal yao tp tal ofg oo a e, @l olf % cfof

fln ol o tf s dln dof y lq tfjlf tgl fg l &al% lo% al

tfga y al tfga da ln! fjq tfm of o tf najg dof ofln cfgl z{j

TDD of `ln ya tal lfl dl nal,

Najg dof ofln cfgl tpl Mgàek -`jlcaln8 &Cfof fln l Oln tq

ofln cfgl JO@_ ln c s dln dof y! y tfo fal najg dof z{j oo tal

lfl tfkg m{ lf 8

t elf m{j `l ofln cfgl8 JO@ M{j'@l M ofln cfgl} _

eln} Na m{j} Ega elf}

YD 8 JO@ M{j PKK :22 0:222 D2


49/107

Elf fq najg dof m{j `l 8 JO@ F{q M ofln cfgl} _ tf t

elf}

Z{q tplf o tf ol tfln z{j lfa{ ò lf vo lfl cfof fln% cam tpj

mt m% vo lf elf o tfo fal ofa tat cfa cfof fln s dln tfo s

dof y oj lnl fln,

ln dln oln lnf

Tpl tf tpln fal ljq% Mgàek @jlcaln tfln r dln 0 ega oln

lnf8

a, _amTggeCat8 ln dln o oa tpo tar tpl _AM% najg tar najtfat ` y lnl fln tfln z{j _M_ o of{l fj o rfr y m fj la

d{ln,

{ am8 ln dln ofq tpl ma dln al tfga3 mo `g mt tt

dg lna dln rfa vo malf djlf tlf y m fg,

Lfo am8 Cfof fln rfa s dln sam t lf o{ln or dl l cf

cfl y tl cm cfa or lft lln or &tfjq sam ma!, T{q lfal% ln dlno lln or o tf ofg rfr lf rft flf or lft mkl{ ln dln tfln

z{j sms, ln dln _amTggeCat of f tp najg dal l nal% cfln f tp j

rfln tal,

aa, Mgàek Jreeaojtagl8 ln dln o oa el tfat ` &tfln e_mjptrfglk! y rfa o ct la Altkplkt dln NRP_ fgo ?N fgo ÂIA

{ am8 @g mt tt% or lft lln or ln dln d dln,Lfo am8 Of tfof ln ya ega tfat lft lf,

Dof y tal ea% g mt

Oo dof y o{ln or z{j Mgàek @jlcaln tfln mjln tlf najg dof

ojg8

:, Yl tal


50/107

0, Of{ql cfgl &oln f tfln' cfo f tfln!

?, Tfjlf tgl s d tf tl dln

4, Tfjlf tgl fj l al lo% tp{ql flf or% oo dof y cfo&@aeealn!

;, Lr tal ofg al tfga% tf, &Tgr-{r!

9, Oo dof y na tp naj tln ` s{ln tfm

>, Oo dof y tfln `g &Jekpt!

Oo dof y Mgàek @jlcaln oj oo lnl fln lf DglnJ @jlc% Tal

Rfgln @jlc% M@@jlc% Tkofogm`jlc% Yaktogm`jlc ol ofg rfr lna

dln lr tal yg oo dof y tfjlf tgl tpo t{ql% tfjlf tgl fln fj% dof

y cfo tpl TD% mq RG_ Oo najg dof z{j clf mgàek `jlcaln o tf

tfo fal `t o eo lg% c o lnq lnl fln cfln em yao,

mt najg dof z{j mgàek `jlcaln tflf oln ol `g m `j q{ t% e tf _AM al tfga oflf e tfat ` lfl dln cfof fln% mt cf{

&rjss~gpd! dg lnl fln o{ln or m cfof rfa nfa lf% y tf vo tfo ofj

oo tfln tal ln{ lfal lnl fln s o{ln or cfa rft salf najg dof of{ql

cfgl y cfof ol al ln tfln tal o q{ o{, Dg yq% y mt c tf{t%

cfa s dln mgàek `jlcaln tf `g mt nl lf e :22+,

Mo dmgàek `jlcaln pt tal ea y `g mt lfln t e cfof flnln c s dln dof y lq pt tfr% tfr fl lfa{ sg ya s lna s dln

Altkplkt `jlcaln oj lnl fln,

Tam lln rft tpal Mgàek' _M_ `jlcaln

T{q lfal% cfa m ofao al tfga da ln tp tflf mt tfat ` o

lfl pt rf àl% y q e o s ofg s rft tpal oj lfa{ ln dln tpltfat ` lq% tpgln o mgàek `jlcaln, Ya q{ t `g m o s jl tgl%


51/107

`g mt y tal dln ofg lna s dln% tal pln mgàek `jlcaln s o cfof

fln s tar lfl y s tp ll rf àl Yat Ljm tpgln tln eja,

Oln lnf LIO nar mgàek `jlcaln rft tpal

Oln lnf najg tar cfln dq Lkjp Iaked Ogmm{laojtagl &LIO najg

tar tpln nl! ma lft ofg rfr d ea{ o tpjg a naj fja tfat ` tpgln

cfgln oof pt lnl, LIO e mt oln lnf najg tar tpln lnl ofg rfr

oo tfat ` o tf tpjg a tfln tal ya oo tfat ` LIO fgo tf lft lf f

tp LIO% naln lf oof mt { o tf z{t y mt { o tf tl dln em

yao,

LIO o tf àl ofao al tfga tfln malf tflf tf tfjlf tgl g% t

oo lf sl v{t TD% lf o{ln or dof y yal tfln y ta oflf o tf

ln dln nar lna dln tfo fal oo najg dof al t z{j TD jl

tgl% tal ea fl sg ya tfjlf tgl `ln tf tl dln,

lfa{ lo lf Lft% M% oln lnf LIO o r dln y lnq

oln rf àl, Fal Yat Ljm v{t fal cf lfa{ m{ smjptrfglk tof fr

oln lnf LIO y of ol of oo lf o{ln or dof y yal tfln% ta oflf

lnfal o{ tpal cfja lna ta{ dln s dln,

d, Rfglk `jlcaln' Ojee okltkp 04'>Z{j dof y Rfglk-`jlcaln% cfof fln o tf s dln pt lfa{ dof y

lnl fln lf8 fln dl s dln dof y% naa tfa{ tfln tal y dof y lnlfln% o{ln or tfln tal ta cfgl y `ln coo najg dof% `g l% `g o%

o{ln or tfln tal lnl fln lf ea s{t% t na fa ga% of{ql tal% tfjlf

tgl fg l y dof y f tp cfof fln%,, tfo fal ma eo ma la c o

lnga na flf oflf,

Oo lnl fln { o ojeeokltkp f tp cfof fln% o s dln f{

fa{ f tp tt o oo ega flf k`jlcaln, Rfglk `jlcaln mo d oln o tpal


52/107

cfja f{ ft oo lnl fln lfln a tln cfof fln fl of% of q{ e

t ofo% dgjlf lnfar,

Y d8 Dof y Rfglk `jlcaln oj lnl fln Tkofogm`jlc

&Tkofogm`jlc ygaok jookss!Ygojeq,

Lnl fln c tfln Yat Ljm ya s f tp oj tp{ln tm oln lnf

tfln tal oj Fo yal @{ oflf yal tfln & ODAT! vq dln f tfln

dof y najg dof z{j tln a t ln & Tkofogm`jlc ygaok jookss! o na

tte Ygojeq, s dln dof y lq% cfof fln dln al tfga o lf fgo

al tfga da ln na l s :;>2 s o tln a t ln fln dl oo`o tar tfkg fgl tt najg dof, Tfln z{j fln dl ofa tat y oo rfm

ofo lln% sj{ cfa vo lfl cfof fln% f tfln Ygojeq s o{ln or ofg

cfof fln oo dof y sj{8

Lnfk tfln tal ta cfgl y fja `al ln ta cfgl nl lft,

Tpj o{ tfln tal f tp cfof fln & ea s{t tal na% t na z{a a m{j

yg- `l pj &@ad pjtk- Jsc pjtk! oj oo egalnga t% fr tf!'

Lnga pj% cfof fln o tf tfjq a mt cf{ fgo lnfk fln dl y

tfln `g ma oj lnl fln,

k,Fgmk `jlcalnDaof y Fgmk `jlcaln oln nr tlf tpln lf Rfglk `jlcaln% of rfo

y a tln cfof fln of q{ e dgjlf lnfar, Tlf flf rft tpal oj ega

flf lfl of{ln ol lfa{ pg ol

Y d 8 Dof y Fgmk-`jlcaln oj lnl fln TMOR Of{ 8

Tpl o s Lnl fln Lf lo ofg rfr s dln of c al t

tpgln tfjlf tgl% najg dof lnl fln% Lnl fln TMOR Of{ rft tpal

f tfln Fgmk`jlcaln rfo y lf{ o{ tfjlf tgl y of{ql tal tpgln


53/107

lo, s dln dof y% cfof fln of ol ta ofa lflf nl lft oj JO@

y fgl tt tf to ln c s dln of y, Ya ta cfgl ta Lnl fln

Of{% cfof fln o tf tfo fal tt o oo najg dof tfjlf tgl z{j lnl

fln lf 8

Of{ql cfgl &i{lds tpjlsikp!8 Cfof fln o tf of{ql tal t ta

cfgl tal na tfjlf tgl oj cfof fln l oo ta cfgl cfo tf{o f tfln

Lnl fln Of{,

Tfjlf tgl fg l &@aee rjqmklt!8 Cfof fln tfjlf tgl oo fg dl

lf oo rf al% lo% al tfga% Altkplkt

Of{ql tal &Mglkq tpjlsikp!8 Cfof fln of{ql tal t ta cfgl oj

mlf l oo ta cfgl cfo m ta f tfln JO@ fgo lna lfl tal mt

`ln ofln malf lfl dl% rjssrgpt tpgln fgo lnga f tfln JO@,

Lnga pj cfof fln o tf tpj o{ tfln tal ta cfgl% tfln tal ta

oflf% tfln tal lnl fln mt oof jl tgl% `g mt% oflf vo y tal ea,

a ya cfof fln e dgjlf lnfar% z{q tplf tfjlf tgl z{j Fgmk-

`jlcaln o tfo fal tln a rfo tr fl ya z{q tplf `g mt% vo lfl

jl tgl fl, Ma dgjlf lnfar s o f tfln Fgmk-`jlcaln o{ln or fja

ega [skp o m s tp{q or% mt cf{ cfo lfj{ o rfl z{ql, Elf tfjlf

tgl oj cfof fln of{ql l Lnl fln tfln z{j f tfln Fgmk -`jlcaln

o c 0 of c al t tfkg ln z{q lf ofln t oj Lnl fln Lflo y f{ ft o tfo fal lnjq tpgln lnq em yao,


54/107

AAA, Tam lln rft tpal y lfln fl of oj dof ylnl fln al t ta Yat Ljm

:, Tam lln dof y lnl fln al t ta Yat Ljmj, _ rf or oj Altkplkt `ln tfln pln y al tfga da ln8

Lnq 06'24'02::% Oln tq lnfal o{ tf tpln Oamang oln ` @g

og LktOataxkls 02:: y tlf flf s dln y to rft tpal oj mln

Altkplkt ta Yat Ljm, Tfkg ct z{ cfg st% ?:+ dl s Yat Ljm o tp{q or

Altkplkt% tpgln o cfgln 0'? tp{q or Altkplkt fln lnq &tp{ln `lf cfgln

fl 0 taln!, Tpgln s lfln lna s dln Altkplkt% o cfgln 42+ tp{q

or `ln al tfga da ln fjq smjptrfglk, l lm 0226% :22+ dgjlf

lnfar { ct la Altkplkt,

Yat Ljm jln lm tpgln tgr :2 z{o naj o s eln tf{ `jg da ln

lfa{ lft tf naa, Lm 02:2% tfkg s ea{ tfln c oj @ Tfln tal y

Tp{ql tfln% tln s tf{ `jg al tfga tpl tgl mln Yat Ljm e :;9%:

tpa{% tpgln da ln ofam 12%?0+% tln ln ya fl :42 tpa{ tf{ `jg3

mt t :62%> mq':22 dl,

`, _ rft tpal l p oj tfln ma al t8Tfln ma al t e elf yo fgt ln calf t cfln ol vj e ya

lfa{ z{o naj% à lfln tlf { yat oj l lf t tl tfa najl% oln so% tal

ò ofg lfln najg dof calf t, T{q lfal% ya lfln fl of y tfjlf tgl

al t% TMT Yat Ljm ofj tf o ò rft tpal yt ò, Tfln6'02::% tfkg a{ tpj oj Y tfln ma al t &@ Tfln Ma!% fal lo tj

o fl 16%?+ dgjlf lnfar o ~k`satk naa tfa{ y dgjlf lnfar mlf% tpgln

o l fl 90%;+ ~k`satk of dln naa tfa{ sl rfm% dof y y of o

cfgln 0>%4+ ofg rfr t fln z{j mln tpgln s ~k`satk o f tp tfjlf

tgl tpo t{ql of fl ?%0+, Tam lln oj oo dof y K`jlcaln pt p lt,


55/107

Oln tfjlf tgl tpo t{ql8 M flf tfjlf tgl tpo t{ql ta Yat Ljm

`t { y saln tpgln ya lm tp ea q, O cf lfa{ oln tfjlf tgl tpo

t{ql pj a8 Lnjle{gln,yl% YLmjpt,yl% Rjqgg,yl% GlkRjq% @jgcam,yl% j

dln y rfo y a tln s dln cfo lfj{,

0, Fl of k-`jlcaln Yat Ljm

Lfln s ea{ rfl tof tpl oflnmalf pln tfo s tpgln tfr c

{ tal tpgln tf c 0: lq% tf tpln Yat Ljm o s of{ql `al mlf

m tpgln tfjlf tgl cfln dln tal mt &TTCDTM! ya s pj a oj lfa{

rfln tal y dof y tfjlf tgl ma% fal a% tal of r ln o oo lf{o{ oj lna s dln ya rfm ya tar ol m pln ta oo a tln o lfl

y dl o, T ll tln tfjlf tgl fgl tgl tf oln of{ql dl sjln rfln

tfo v e `l t ln s dln ofln t al t% l ljq oo najg dof tfjlf

tgl o v e alt ofam t tpln cf el, T e tal mt tpl tln rfln

tal tfjlf tgl tpgln yln :2 lm z{j ta Yat Ljm nam mlf t mo 0?%>+

lm 022: v{ln :4%9+ lm 0226 & to e nam nl ;2+ !, Tlf tfln

:0'02:2% t e tfjlf tgl `ln tal mt of ol cfgln :4+, F tfln JTM

oln lf s eln ta cfgl oj lna dl ta f tfln lnl fln lnq oln

tln mlf, Tfkg tfln c o j pj ta Tpal em y fa tfg y oln lnf

lnl fln &@jlcaln Yat Ljm! el tf :4 dal pj tpgln 0 lnq &0;-09';'02::!

ta F La% tlf l ft lm 02:2 s eln tf tpl rfm ya o lo t cfgln

06%; tpa{ tf% fl ::,222 JTM y nl ;2,222 tfat ` ofr lfl tf &RG_!,

Cfg st dg ogm_ogpk tal flf o oln ` lnq 1'?'02:: oln ofg tfq s

lna s dln lnl fln al t Yat Ljm tln ?;+% t >2:,222 el

141,222, Yao cfln s dln tal mt tpgln e{ tfln e mt tpgln lfln

tfo g z{jl tpln oj yao ln dln oln lnf tfln tal tpgln oo dof y

lnl fln tfln ma% ln tfa ofg tfq lfln tl fa{ ln mln cf ln

lf s rft tpal oj cf{ yo lnl fln al t la paln y tgl ` s rft

tpal oj f tfln lnl fln la of{ln jln lnq oln cfa so,


56/107

T{q lfal% mt tfo t o lfl tfq% t{q o lfln ò tal rft tpal

ln c lfln dof y lnl fln alt ta Yat Ljm yl ol tl ta lfa{ `t

or y fl of, a{ o malf ofln pt o tf à tfo tpln s dln

y rft tpal ega flf dof y lq lo tj tpgln lfln lm nl q o àt

e cfa t tpgln à olf sg slf oln ya mt s lo tpgln cf{ yo y tpl

tf naa, T tpln tal mt fln lm nam% lfln yl ol mo ojg% cfa m t

tpln lq oo lo tal tal lf Tfq al e 2%>+% Lj [q e :+% ol Tp{ln

Z{o e mo e :2+, Mt cfo% to nam t e tfjlf tgl cfln dln tal

mt Yat Ljm e ofm sg ya oo lo cfo% al flf e Tfq al, Lm

:111% Tfq al yl o oga e ll calf t tal mt cfa t e tal mt tpltln rfln tal tfjlf tgl yt mo :>+, l lm 0222% sj{ cfa o{o oof

mln tfjlf tgl cfln dln tal mt o tfo tfa% t e lq of ol 2%>+,

Lfln ln{ql lfl ln sj{ lfln `t or lq pt j dln% o ln{ql

lfl cfof z{jl y of z{jl% lf ln{l lfl eo ofg fgt ln calf dgjlf

dof y lnl fln fal a ol tfa{% ofj o tlf of{ql lnfar3 c lln v

e oj oo lfl yal lnl fln oln ol tfr3 flf ejln rfr e ofj fgl

tfal y ln `3 f tln o s tfln tal yal tfln ol cm rft tpal% tfa{

s ln `% ct la naj oo lnl fln% _gln o tf tfq% yl lln eo ta

oflf oj oo lnjl fljni tfln ma ol fl of% tfa{ yl { t o s f

tln% oln lnf tfgln tal rfo y ofg yao tpal cfja oo dof y lnl fln

fal a y tfa z{kl j tfof s dln tal mt oj lna dl oln ya lfln

eg s y dof y lnl fln fal a tfln ofj ln lfa{ pa pg e lflnln{ql lfl o `l lft cm fm s rft tpal oj dof y lnl fln fal

a,,, T à olf rft tpal tpl% lfm lnfal o{ val a s{ rfl tof% of pj

mt s fl of% pg ol of q{ to ln mlf m l s rft tpal oj ega

flf dof y lq,

j, O s f tln oln lnf,


57/107

Fal ljq% oo lnl fln tfln ma pt z{jl tm l yao { t a

ma oln lnf lln ojg oft eln dof y o{ln ln ofg cfof fln%

lfln yl ol lfa{ `t or8 Z{q m yl oj lnl fln tfln ma lf3 ofa

rf { t fal a fj oln lnf ojg3 cf lln ln dln oln lnf tal tal

oj lfl yal lnl fln ol fl of ll dl l eln rf% cfja tfo cfln ft

tlf lln oj oln lnf ma,

al flf e f tfln najg dof t ln JTM% sj{ mt tfa najl

tpal cfja tfo fal yl ofj ft lfln `t or% ofj o s ct la tpgln tgl

f tfln lnl fln o tf nam ofa rf { t y m `g fa{ z{ najg

dof ofg cfof fln, Yao LFLL oln ` oflf tfo ct la fja eal malf tfel Yat Ljm e _mjptealc y @jlclktyl% m ln ofg yao flf tflf mt

mln tfjlf tgl al t tfln lft tpl tgl z{o lfln oln of ma dln

ct la oln lnf ll yao o{ln ln dof y lnl fln yl ofj t fa{ z{

ojg fl,

Tfm yg %mln ea JTM y s ct la tfjlf tgl tf z{j RG_ oj

f tfln lnl fln yl ofj fgl oflf y tfln lft, Yg o{a z{ ?'02:2%oln tq O rfl Of{ql mof Ta oflf Z{o naj &@jlclktyl! y oln tq O

rfl Dof y tf _mjptealc eal ct oo am RG_ tpl j `l F La y

tflf rf F Of Malf ya lfj{, Naja gl { o 6 lnl fln tfjm naj f

tfln eal ct lq `jg nm8 Yaktogm`jlc% Jnpa`jlc% @ADY% Tkofogm`jlc%

Yaktal`jlc% YA@% _kj@jlc y Gokjl@jlc,

Lf yq% l{ cfof fln s dln tf oj 6 lnl fln lq tf tf mao ofr lfl tfln z{j oo mq z{t tf el lfj{% ol tf oj oo lnl

fln cfo tf of o s dln tfln z{j RG_ oj lnl fln &lnga tp tf

tl dln z{o t!, Y yq% na s tpgln y oj cfof fln o tf y tpgln tf o

tal oln cf tm o am z{t tf rf fr, a{ `t or lq nq pt lfa{

rfal rfo ofg of tf% e ln{ql lfl oflf cfal lna dl yl { tal s

dln tal mt,


58/107

T{q lfal% lfl lfl tpl no of z{jl t rfj oo lnl fln% o tf

lfl tfq mt s ln{ql lfl sj{8

Tf lft% mo d pt m{l q mlf ln dln oln lnf tfln tal yg

oo dof y oj mlf% lfln tfo t e% yl a{ e oj oo lnl fln Yat Ljm

ol fl fr fl of cf lln tpjln ` y ln dln oo oln lnf fal a,

Yl { t a fa rfa pt el% tfa najl tf{ fa yl da fl m fa{ z{ {

t ea tfr, Lfl of{ln% of lfln lnl fln el ma z{qt tm y tam eo

tfo fal yao lq, @l olf % s oflf eof y tplf oln lnf naj

oo lnl fln ol cf ojg dl l yao oo lnl fln cf ct la% rfa fr

ya lfj{ tpgln yao o{ln or oo sl rfm lft z{l% nq cf cfl tpglntln to cfof fln,

Tf fja% e dg tfa z{kl s dln y fa{ `at oj lna ta{ dln%

ofj s dln o ft oo tal of oj dof y lnl fln al t dl l yl

{ t yg fgt ln lq cm fa{ z{,

Tfkg `g og oj fa tfg lnl fln tfln lal lm 02::% t{q t e

dln tf JTM Yat Ljm cf ojg% to tln tpln rft flf tf t 0229 -

02:2 t t :;2+ - 022+% lfln t e tfjlf tgl fln fj dof y `ln tf

lnl fln of t ofj l ;+, _ eln najg dofpt tal mt `ln tf z{j f

tfln JTM ofam l >2 - 62+ s eln najg dof tf tfo fal, j s oln

lfl yal ofo of q{ s dln tf l tfln pt tal eln y t o najg

dof cfo, Tpgln cfa % cfgln tpl :2 lm ljq% oo lnl fln { t p t

el ofg f tln o s y tpjln tfat ` rfo y ofg fgt ln oj JTM% lflnln{l ` r ofg tal { t e ofj o% fjq la oflf vo e o t,

Lnjq o a ya oo lnl fln el% yao rft tpal y d{q tp fgt ln

oj mln ea JTM yl pt cfcfl, Oln `a ofa rf { t ofg JTM cf

el &`jg nm ofa rf m{j mq% er t% `g tp% ofm so% yl flf% er t

ojmkpj%! tpgln cfa oo lnl fln cfln o ln{l tf{ a ya f tfln JTM,

Fl lj s tal d{q tp tpgln ta cfgl oj cfof fln of tln ln ya s


59/107

tal oo lnl fln rfa lr sl yg mq JTM oln lf d tp ofg yao tar

z{ JTM% dg lnl fln cfln o fln ea lfa{ t oo cfgl tal lq,

Tpgln cfa % oo lnl fln yl ofj o tf{ rf najg dof JTM la mln

` r mt rfl ofa rf { t ofg f tfln JTM, Paln ofa rf `jl {

mt mq JTM el ta 02,222 [_D, Fal lfa{ dgjlf lnfar jln rfa `

e ofg dof y JTM ya s tal ` e cfgln :2 -?2 t ln'lm, Tpgln tlf

flf f{q ln cf cfl lf fal ljq tf oo lnl fln% o àt e oo lnl

fln o mln JTM el% ol rfa of{ r eo pt el tpgln yao m `g tal

mt q % cr tfa rfo y ofg oo najg dof oj cfof fln ta oo mq

JTM, Cf cfl lnq oln naj tln fl yg oo dr lnf e% Tt cfa lf{ o{ pttal mt tln t àl,

Of{ql naj oln lnf lnl fln% ln Ln{ql V{l Dln ofg àt% fal

of o da ; tpl tln s ?2 lnl fln fgt ln rft flf tf o ea lf{l t

elf yo lq, T{q e lfln oo lnl fln yl rfa ofr lfl tln tal of

lfm rft tpal cfof fln% fa yln cfa o tfa z{kl s dln tf tf cfof

fln s na tal tpgln lnl fln, Oflf s tfa{ ta j fj fa{ z{ calf dgjlf

t fgt ln calf dgjlf lq oln e mt ln{ql lfl dl l lfln cf cfl

tpgln yao o{ln or ln{l yl lln or o s f tln oln lnf,

`, Oft eln y tlf j dln oj dof yOo dof y% rfln tal tfjlf tgl ofj rfgln rf y tal of ofj

ojg

Mo d tfa najl z{j% LFLL tpal cfja mt s ofln tplf mjln

tlf lf fln tf tpln lfm mo ta{ tfoq rft tpal mln ea RG_

tf la j% t{q lfal% yao m pln mln ea ofr lfl tf la j yl nr pt

lfa{ cf cfl% tp lna, Dg rfl el cfof fln s dln tf la j e lna

Yat Ljm% yl z{ z{kl ya yao s dln tal mt y ea e{l o sl tal mt

oln lf d dln tar ol ya ln{l tal mt o ta oo JTM% ll yao s dln

oo rfln tal TTCDTM ol pt fl of,


60/107

Oo rfln tal tfjlf tgl fal ljq ofj o tpal cfja tpl dal pln

r ln lf{ o{ tfjlf tgl tpgln ll calf t, Oo rfln tal tfjlf tgl

lq ol ma m y ` ln ya rfl el lna dl3 tm e k d% s pa pg

lnl ol yao tar ol oj lna ta{ dln ya oo rfln tal tfjlf tgl ma,

Oo tfjlf tgl tpgln cf{ yo dl o rfl el yl s dln tal mt% lnjq o

tflf tf% la o a{ cal tf{l ea ofg rft tpal oo rfln tal TTCDTM%

yao s dln tal mt yl ol rf àl,

Dof y tf lnl fln ma o s naj tln y s eln lfln ofj o s

of{ql àl tfo s y oft eln% yao of{ql cfgl of q{ o tfo fal

tpgln la ` tln lnl fln3 dof y a cm JTM o lfln ofj lfa{, F

tfln RG_ ofj rft tpal pln% tfjlf tgl z{j RG_ ol fl of3 s eln najg

dof z{j RG_ ol t &of t ofj l ;+ dgjlf s `l fln!,

Oft eln y s eln oo dof y t{q o oa tfal lfln yl ol

lfa{ fl of,

O tf la% mt am q{ rf àl y la `t oj oo lnl fln tflnma Yat Ljm e s l a{ tpgln fgt ln calf dgjlf, Dgjlf tf{ oj oo

lnl fln tfln ma yl dj of q{ t ofg yjq tpgln cfa fgt ln ofg yjq

e mt elf yo lfa{ pa pg, a ya tf tpln tf - mt elf yo o lf na

e o ò rft tpal yt ò tfa najl z{j lfln yl mjln tlf pa po dg o

s cfo àt tpgln z{jl am naj oo lnl fln tfln ma% oo eal malf,

Rfm ya rft flf y s dln tf ma of q{ tr tp{ln mt s tlf% tflfrf el3 a tln s dln tf of q{ tr tp{ln yg tln er jln em yao

tpgln elf yo ta oflf lnl fln% tpgln oo cf{ oln lnfar% cf{ of v{t y

ma q e a tln fln eln tLnl sof Lf lo,

Dof y lnl fln al t ta Yat Ljm fal ljq% o tf la cfln `

fr tpgln mt ya elf yo fgt ln% oo clf najg dof al t ma el et pj


61/107

a8 y al t% Mgàek Rjqmklt% RjqRjelfm r ln lf{ o{ oj lna ta{

dln% t{q lfal yl tl ta lfa{ `t or,

Ya flf tfo tfjlf tgl z{j al tfga da ln &Mgàek Rjqmklt!% ln

Hjl Hapgyko% Nam o Rft tpal calf dgjlf oj @_O Rpjfj &mt oln tq

of{ql fgt ln tpgln elf yo o{ln or naa rfr lnl fln j clf oj

Oln fj _o% tln tal flf lnfal o{ y oo dof y lnl fln ta Yat

Ljm! lfl lf8 Yat Ljm ylol lfa{ fl of sg ya lfa{ z{o naj

tpgln cf{ yo, Yao tfjlf tgl `ln tal mt tpgln lna dl yl ofam j s%

lna dln al tfga da lnea lna tm fa{ tlf lln oln lf mlf dl s

dln tal of Mgàek Rjqmklt dg oo dgjlf lnfar o{ln or, Oflf y tf% tfa

am fal ljq Yat Ljm ma jln ofr ofln tln t lf o{ of{ql oj

lfa{ lo of{ { fl ofo lm tpo q% ln Hjl Hapgyko la,

Dl ta tlf tpln lq oln o ea oj rfj lnl fln, Lfa{ lna

dl m{l dln Mgàek Rjqmklt tf lfln f ea cfln àt rfa `t { t

{, Tfo t lq ol ofg tfq oo lnl fln% l y o{ln or tal of Mgàek

Rjqmklt ol oga lf oln to tp{ql tfln% tfa{ lfln fln dl ofa tat

lft% o `l lft ofg lna dln,

Fa{ z{ ta j mjln eaofg tln lnl fln t yao ln dln oln lnf

fal a ol ofj ojg,

Tfo tal% yao ln dln oo oln lnf fal ljq yl ol lfa{ `t or%

mt `ln tplf oln lnf oj oo lnl fln fal ljq yl ol mo tfr%

cfgln oflf eof tplf oln lnf naj oo lnl fln cf vj dl l fja

tlf tpln tpa lno lfj{8 fgo e of o tf ln dln oln lnf mo

tfr dg fl of y yl fgo ea ofj cfja tfo s dln ft tlf lln oln lnf

fal a dg mt s z{q tplf% of{l mo lnfar y ofj o `jl flf q ,

Oflf a{ lq oln e ln{ql lfl cfal oo lnl fln cf ct la o ea

ya lfj{,


62/107

Rf ofj tfj ln

O tf lfl tfq tpgln `ln ct z{ _{pykq m lfm lnfal o{

tfo fal% mo ofj fa eln y rf dof y tpgln z{q m cfg st ofam

cfgln 8 :4,6+ % `l olf t e lf na z{jl tpln oj ofa rf dof y e

ta{ of ej ofl fln { oln ofam ta8 4>,>+ & Ln{l8 Ct z{ _{pykq!

Tpl tfo t% oo l y o{ln or dof y calf dgjlf ofg cfof fln

ofj ml m ya yao ofr lfl tfjlf tgl z{j tf, Oo sa{ tf% oj fln%

tp{ln tm m{j sm% cfof sl% `lf yal% lf nj% `l t{% vk,,, { cfln j

of{ln RG_ ofg d oo lnl fln er t mal rf tfat ` lq, am m{ oft

q e yl cfln m{l oln cfja dgjlf tf{ nam `t tf{ tf{ lfr y

cfln m{l mt rf ofg lnl fln, Mo d tfkg tfln e z{o t% rf s{t m

oo l y lq rfa tp ofg lnl fln e ?+ dgjlf s tal z{t tf% lfln t

l y calf dgjlf lg Yat Ljm ofr lfl tp t e lq% f m{l mal rf

fgo oln em e tp t :+ - :%;+ tln dgjlf s, Y tf% mt s l y ofr

lfl tf & YOLT! d c fr ln ofr lfl tf ya lnl fln lfln yl

tm lfa{ oof fl of oo najg dof `ln tf oj cfof fln lf mq o

tf yg la cf{t% { tal cfof fln tp tal mt%

Fal ta of o lfln l y o najg dof tfjlf tgl ofg lna lo

lnga &cfof sl% oj cf{,,,! e sl sln ofr lfl s dln RG_ y lna

lo lnga o tfa z{kl dln tf,

Oo ega rf lf rf tpj o{ s d% rf or ea m RAL% rf or `l sjg

tfln tal najg dof% tpgln rf pt tal mt o tf el ta 4+ &ta tfa{

42,222 ln!% rf najg dof 0%>;+% ofj c oo tf to lnl fln cfln rfa

eo lg oln d fa{ oln e mt tpgln lfln pg ol ln of a ya s

rft tpal oj tf tpln tf,

T tfln 9-02::% oln tfjlf tgl tpo t{ql z{o t Rjqrje tpo tar

tfjm naj tf tpln Yat Ljm, Oo najg dof tpgln lo o tf s dln oln


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tfjlf tgl lq lfln s rfa of{ mo rf najg dof t ?-?%1+, Rjqrje fal f

tp 04 ega tal t lfln ofj f tp YLD% dg yq oo najg dof la j tfjlf

tgl z{j Rjqrje yl rfa of{ql tflf lnga t y of{ rf of{ql a tal t

t :-0+ tq tfkg ega tf tfjlf tgl s dln, Tfm lj% yg tfa am t na

[_D oflf eof ojg naj lnl fln y tf tpln t dg% o lnl fln tf{

rf of{ql a lnga t ta >+% tfm of :2+, Ea s{t ofg yjq oln e mt yl

cfln lf m

[YRC] Dịch vụ ngân hàng trực tuyến tại Việt Nam - Thực trạng và giải pháp

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