XML draft formatXML draft formatfor warnings and advisoriesfor warnings and advisoriesin Japanin Japan

9 Dec 200089 Dec 20008

Yuichi YAMAKOSHIYuichi YAMAKOSHI

Planning Division, JMAPlanning Division, JMA

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Background - Latest activities and information systems in Japan Background - Latest activities and information systems in Japan

Improvement of servicesImprovement of services

Earthquake Early Warning SystemEarthquake Early Warning System

Very detailed warnings for individual municipalitiesVery detailed warnings for individual municipalities

Rapid progress in information and communications technoloRapid progress in information and communications technologygy

Roles of various media and the use of their characteristicsRoles of various media and the use of their characteristics

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JMA’s ongoing project to develop XML format JMA’s ongoing project to develop XML format for warnings and advisoriesfor warnings and advisories

Project goalsProject goals

Format conversionFormat conversion: from various forms of conventional text to a unified a: from various forms of conventional text to a unified and comprehensive formatnd comprehensive format

Uniform formatUniform format: for information on various natural disasters from observ: for information on various natural disasters from observations to forecastsations to forecasts

Flexible formatFlexible format: computer-processable form allowing the addition of new : computer-processable form allowing the addition of new elements for future serviceselements for future services

Availability to usersAvailability to users: a generally accepted system is cost-effective in the : a generally accepted system is cost-effective in the long runlong run

Project collaboratorsProject collaborators

Technical support from the Technical support from the XML ConsortiumXML Consortium on XML standardization on XML standardization

Coordination with governmental organizations and the mass mediaCoordination with governmental organizations and the mass media

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Already-operational CAP: Is CAP applicable to JMA’s project?Already-operational CAP: Is CAP applicable to JMA’s project?

Comparison of JMA’s project and CAPComparison of JMA’s project and CAP

Purpose:Purpose: Distribution of disaster prevention informationDistribution of disaster prevention information

Target:Target: All natural hazardsAll natural hazards (other than human-induced accidents) (other than human-induced accidents)

Content:Content: User requirements for information; User requirements for information; compartmentalization and quantificationcompartmentalization and quantification

possible by JMA with CAPpossible by JMA with CAP

The essence of JMA’s warnings is expressible with CAP; torrential raiThe essence of JMA’s warnings is expressible with CAP; torrential rain, flooding, storm surges, earthquakes and volcanic eruptionsn, flooding, storm surges, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions

Very detailed observations and forecasts cannot be expressed with CVery detailed observations and forecasts cannot be expressed with CAP; quantitative estimates and time-sequential valuesAP; quantitative estimates and time-sequential values

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Comparison of JMA’s project and CAPComparison of JMA’s project and CAP

All Hazards

CAP

JMA’s project

detail

quantitative estimates

time-sequential values

public safety

law enforcement natural hazards such as severe weather, earthquakes, and tsunami

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About JMA’s XML format for warnings and advisories - Part IAbout JMA’s XML format for warnings and advisories - Part I

Characteristics and key points of JMA’s XML formatCharacteristics and key points of JMA’s XML formatA A data dictionarydata dictionary derived by analysis and restructuring of conventiona derived by analysis and restructuring of conventional information elementsl information elements

Automatic development of an XML schema from the data dictionaryAutomatic development of an XML schema from the data dictionary

Structure of JMA’s XML formatStructure of JMA’s XML formatThree elements: Three elements: control partcontrol part, , head parthead part (similar to CAP) and (similar to CAP) and body parbody partt (quantitative expression part for each area (quantitative expression part for each area of meteorology, seismology, volcanology)of meteorology, seismology, volcanology)

Reusable Reusable basic elementsbasic elements in every part: in every part: atmospheric temperature, pressure, atmospheric temperature, pressure, magnitude, etc.magnitude, etc.

Extensibility; allows new elements Extensibility; allows new elements to be added in the futureto be added in the future

.XSD.XSD.XLS.XLSdata dic. XML schema

<Control><Control>-Title-Datetime- …

<Head><Head>-Headline-TargetArea- …

<Body><Body>*meteorology*seismology*volcanology B

asic elements

<Pressure>,<WindSpeed>,

<Magunitude>,<Tsunami>,

…

Ref.

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About JMA’s XML format for warnings and advisories - Part IIAbout JMA’s XML format for warnings and advisories - Part II

Issues discussed in developmentIssues discussed in development

Data type for physical values in basic elements: float type Data type for physical values in basic elements: float type (not string t (not string type)ype)How can invalid values and missing data be described in XML?How can invalid values and missing data be described in XML?Management of XML schema: name spacing and version numberManagement of XML schema: name spacing and version numberHow can forward and backward compatibility between schema and instHow can forward and backward compatibility between schema and instance be maintained?ance be maintained?

Applications of JMA’s XML formatApplications of JMA’s XML format

Computer-processable structure:Computer-processable structure:Various values can be stored from plain text Various values can be stored from plain text to code values, i.e., binary data to code values, i.e., binary data

Processable with user applicationsProcessable with user applicationse.g., e.g., Prefectures:Prefectures: outlook for the entire area outlook for the entire area Municipalities:Municipalities: detailed analysis in individual areas detailed analysis in individual areas

.XSD.XSD[jmx1][jmx1]

.XML.XML(v.1.0)(v.1.0)

.XML.XML(v.2.0)(v.2.0)

.XSD.XSD[jmx2][jmx2]

.XML.XML(v.1.2)(v.1.2)

?? ??

.XSD.XSD <element name=“Pressure” type=“floatfloat”>.XML.XML <Pressure / />

.XML.XML

Detail

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In the futureIn the future

Consider specific applications for CAP in JapanConsider specific applications for CAP in Japan

Easy creation of XML code in CAP format Easy creation of XML code in CAP format from JMA’s data dictionaryfrom JMA’s data dictionary

Data dictionary will be a big asset Data dictionary will be a big asset to JMA’s introduction of XMLto JMA’s introduction of XML

Thank youThank youMerciMerci