WORLD WAR I 1914-1919 “The Great War to End all Wars”
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Transcript of WORLD WAR I 1914-1919 “The Great War to End all Wars”
WORLD WAR I 1914-1919
“The Great War to End all Wars”
Causes of World War ICauses of World War I
• Imperialism – competition for overseas empires
• Militarism – build up of a countries’ military
Causes of World War ICauses of World War I
• Nationalism – pride in one’s country
• Secret Alliances among European Nations
The SparkThe Spark• Austrian
Archduke Francis Ferdinand was assassinated by a Bosnian rebel
The SparkThe Spark• Austria-
Hungary declared war on Bosnia and Serbia
The SparkThe Spark
• Secret Alliances caused all of Europe to get into conflict
Two Sides Two Sides • Central
Powers–Germany–Austria-
Hungary–Ottoman
Empire
• Allied Powers–France
–Great Britain (U.K.)
–Russia
–Serbia
U.S. Returns to IsolationismU.S. Returns to Isolationism
• “America would not get involved in an European War” – President Woodrow Wilson
U.S. Returns to IsolationismU.S. Returns to Isolationism
• Government did not want to upset immigrants
U.S. Returns to IsolationismU.S. Returns to Isolationism
• U.S. supported and sent weapons to Allied countries
Why did America Join Why did America Join the War?the War?
• German U-boats (submarines) were sinking US trade ships
Why did America Join Why did America Join the War?the War?
• Zimmerman Note –German plan to have Mexico
declare war on U.S.
–helped generate support for war from American citizens
Why did America Join Why did America Join the War?the War?
• U.S. cruise ship , The Luisitania, was sank by German U-boats
• 1,260 people killed.
Why did America Join Why did America Join the War?the War?
• April 2, 1917, U.S. declares war Central Powers
New Weapons + Old Fighting = New Weapons + Old Fighting = Massive DestructionMassive Destruction
• British style, straight line fighting was suicide
New Weapons + Old Fighting = New Weapons + Old Fighting = Massive DestructionMassive Destruction
• New Weapons–Machine guns,
poison gas, airplanes, artillery cannons, flame throwers, tanks
New Weapons + Old Fighting = New Weapons + Old Fighting = Massive DestructionMassive Destruction
• Trench Warfare became the new style of fighting
US Involvement turns the US Involvement turns the WarWar
• US added fresh troops and resources to Allies
• Allies started to win when US got involved
• Russia pulls out of war because of unrest in their country
Russian (Bolshevik) Russian (Bolshevik) RevolutionRevolution
• Vladimir Lenin overthrew democratic gov’t in Russia
• He set up a government called communism
Russian (Bolshevik) Russian (Bolshevik) RevolutionRevolution
• US and Russia became enemies after Communist takeover
Allies Claim VictoryAllies Claim Victory• Treaty of Versailles officially ended
war in 1919• Europe was in ruins
–Infrastructure was destroyed–8 million dead, 21.5 million
wounded–US only had 250,000 dead and
wounded