Docaumt Of

The World Bank

FOR OMTCLAL USE ONlY

MICROFICHE COPY

Report No. :P- 5770 MA Type: (PM)Title: THIRD PRI1MARY AND SECONDARy EDI o NAuthor: DELANNOY, FExt.: 1392 Roorm:S8041 Dept.:EA1PH

MEORANDUM iAND RECOMMENDATION

OF THlE

PRESIDENT OF THE

INTEATIONAL BAK FOR RECONSTRBCTION AND DEVILOPMENT

TO THE

EIECTVE DIRECTORS

ON A

PROPOSED LOAN

IN AN AMT EQUIVALENT TO lUS$141.0 rILLION

TO

FOR A

THIRD PRM ANID SECONDARY EDUCATION SECTOR PROJECT

NOVE1BER 9, 1992

This document has a resticted disttibution and may be used by reipients only io the performance oftheir official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank autobrzation.

Pub

lic D

iscl

osur

e A

utho

rized

Pub

lic D

iscl

osur

e A

utho

rized

Pub

lic D

iscl

osur

e A

utho

rized

Pub

lic D

iscl

osur

e A

utho

rized

CURRENCY EO'UIVAETS(as of October 1992)

Currency Unit - Ringgit (M$)M$1.00 m US$0.398US$1.00 M$2.51

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

Metric System

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

CIP - Core Investment ProgramDSD - Development and Supply Division (under MOE)EMIS - Education Management Information SystemEPRD - Education Planning and Research DivisionEPU - Economic Planning Unit (Prime Minister's Department)GDP - Gross Domestic ProductGNP - Gross National ProductGOM - Government of MalaysiaICB - International Competitive BiddingLCB - Local Gompetitive BiddingLDC - Less Developed CountryMOE - Ministry of EducationNIC - Newly Industrialized CountryPIER - Program for Innovation, Excellence and ResearchUPE - Universal Primary Education

RC - Resource CenterVTE - Vocational and Technical Education

FISCAL XJanuary 1 - December 31

ACADEMIC YEARJanuary 1 - December 31

FOR OMCIL US ONLY

THIRD PIrmRY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION SECTOR PROJECT

Loan and Project Summar

&orroyex: Malaysia

haount: US$141.0 million equivalent

Te = : Repayable in 17 years including 5 years of grareat the Bank's standard variable interest rate.

Financine Plan:Ioeal Foreign Total=*-- (US$ million) ----

IBRD - 141.0 141.0Government 201. - 201.0

Total 21Q 4k j

Economic Rateof Return: Not Applicable

Staff ApDraisalReRort: Report No. 10518-MA

IBRD Nos. 23711, 23712, 23713, 23714

This document has a testricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the perform,s;|of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authori,ation.

MEMORANDM WAND RECOMNENDATION OF THE PRESIDENTOF THE IBRD TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

ON A PROPOSED LOAN TO NALAYSIAFOR A THIRD PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION SECTOR PROJECT

1. I submit for your approval the following memorandum and recomendationon a proposed loan to Malaysia for the equivalent of US$141.0 million to helpfinance a third sector project for primary and secondary education. The loanwould be at the Bank's standard variable interest rate, with a maturity of17 years, including 5 years of grace.

2. CountrX/Sector Background. Since 1970, Malaysia has experienced rapidand accelerating economic growth, while drastically reducing poverty. The SixthDevelopment Plan (1991-95) reaffirms the dual objectives of growth and equity.These are to be achieved through a diversification of the productive base towardshigh-tech, high value-added fields; an increased role for the private sector; andgreater reliance on productivity gains. With GDP projected to grow at 7.5%, andemployment, at 3%, p.a. during the 1990s, Malaysia aims to become fullyindustrialized by 2020 ("Vision 2020").

3. Education has always figured prominently in Government's developmentplans and has consistently been backed by substantial allocations (15.4% of theSixth Plan's investment program; 19.6% of total recurrent budget in 1992, andabout 6% of GNP). A large, rather centralized, and mostly Government-financededucation system has been developed. In terms of access, universal primaryeducation (UPE) has been achieved, although gross enrollment ratios inlower/upper secondary and in higher education are only 83%, 49%, and 9%,respectively. The gender gap has been closed at the primary and secondarylevels, and educational parity has practically been reached across ethnic groups.In terms of quality, retention rates are high. Accomplishments in primary andsecondary education include the introduction of an innovative, environmentally-oriented curriculum, a well-managed book publishing and distribution system, alarge teacher training system, and Resource Center support. Despite thisgenerally favorable picture, the sector faces a number of issues. Broadgeographic disparities persist in access to schooling, and capacity constraintsstill exist. Quality-wise, there are still urban-rural discrepancies inachievements. Finally, there is scope for improving efficiency, as the searchfor excellence and the relative lack of fiscal constraints have led to high unitcosts (25% above the regional average in the late 1980s) and educationalrecurrent budget allocations have increased substantially faster than totalGovernment recurrent budget allocations, mainly due to liberal staffing ratiosand salary increases.

4. The country's bid to become fully industrialized by 2020 hasconsiderable quantitative and qualitative implications and poses additionalchallenges for the education/training sector. The proposed transformation of theeconomy will require a larger pool of better educated secondary graduates.Achievements need to be raised in mathematics, science and communication skillsto meet the demands of a sophisticated labor market. Efficiency gains andalternative delivery and financing modes (such as distance education, cost-recovery, privatization) are all the more necessary in view of the fact that theSixth Plan also proposes major new investments, notably in vocational/technical(VTE) and higher education, which are expensive sub-sectors; while justified,these might put pressure on the recurrent resources available for primary andsecondary general education. For these two levels, the Plan is within the

- 2 -

Ministry of Education' s (MOE) proven absorptive capacity. Government bas decidedto give priority to: (a) maintaining UPE; (b) universalizing lower secondaryeducation; (c) improving the physical environment where substandard cl"asroomsthreaten achievements; (d) strengthening the network of Resource Centers; and (e)requiring all secondary teachers to be university degree holders.

5. Government and the Bank have agreed on a core inmestment program (CIP),to be supported by the Bank (about US$800 million, or 80% of the Sixth Plan'sprimary and general secondary allocation). Given the sophistication ofMalaysia's sectoral management, it has been agreed that, by contrast to the firsttwo sector projects, which were based on physical investments, Bank support forthe proposed operation would essentially follow a financial time-slice approach,which gives Government flexibility in substituting, from year to year, sub-projects forming part of the CIP. In view of the magnitude of the CIP, it wasalso recognized that its implementation would have to be stretched over sevenyears; this, in turn, led to an agreement to split CIO funding into two time-slices to reduce commitment charges on the Bank Loan. The first of these twotime-slices would cover a 4 year period (1993-96) with an estimated cost of aboutUS$340 million equivalent. This amount also covers three conventional (software)project components.

6. ProXect Objectives and Policy Framework. The proposed Third SectorProject would be a major element of the Bank's Country Assistance Strategy, whichfocuses increasingly on the Human Resource Sectors, with a dual emphasis on basicsocial services to promote equity and advanced technologies to raiseproductivity. It would support the CIP in (a) promoting educational quality soan to produce graduates who are either immediately trainable for a competitivejob market, or who have mastered the higher-order problem-solving skills requiredfor tertiary education; (b) expanding equitable access, giving priority todisadvantaged areas or schools; and (c) improving the efficiency of sectoralresource mnagement. It would be based on a policy framework involving a Letterof Policy and an Action Plan, including implementation criteria and monitorableperformance indicators. The Letter of Policy emphasizes: (i) continued effortsto equalize educational opportunities; (ii) greater flexibility in responding tolocal needs; (iii) the systematic monitoring of measures to improve theeffectiveness of the delivery system and reduce unit costs; and (iv) containmentof the growth of sectoral recurrent expenditures.

7. Project Description. The Project, or first time-slice (1993-96),would improve: (a) educational quality (about 16% of total cost) through: theprovision of about 3,000 teacher training places; institution-building in thenetwork of Resource Centers; provision of distance education, open learning andlibrary programs and materials; a Program to promote Innovation, Excellence andResearch (PIER) with a focus on maths/science achievements, small rural schools,pilot operations in communications technology and educational research;(b) egultable acgess (about 80% of total cost) through: experimental support toearly childhood development and special education; construction/rehabilitationand equipping of about 4,400 primary and 3,200 secondary classrooms; andprovision of housing for about 3,000 teachers and boarding facilities for about20,000 rural students; and (c) the efficiency of management (about 4% of totalcosts) through: a staff development program for about 1,000 senior and middlelevel managerial and technical personrel, to be implemented under twinningarrangements with reputable universities/institutions; upgrading of the existing

Educational Management Information System (EMIS) for policy and decision-making;and strengthening project management/implementation capabilities.

8. The project would cost US$342.0 million equivalent, with a foreignexchange component of US$141.0 million equivalent (41% of total project cost) andtaxes estimated at US$7.9 million equivalent. The Bank Loan would amount toUS$ 141.0 million, equivalent to 1008 of the foreign exchange component and 42%of total project cost net of taxes and duties. As Sixth Plan implementation isan ongoing process, retroactive financing, up to 10% of the Loan amount, wouldbe included to cover early Sixth Plan expenditures after July 1, 1992. Thiswould be the first sector project following a financial time-slice format. Abreakdown of costs and the financing plan are shown in Schedule A. Amounts andmethods of procurement and of disbursements, and the disbursement schedule areshown in Schedule B. A timetable of key project processing events and the statusof Bank Group operations in Malaysia are given in Schedules C and D,respectively. The Staff Appraisal Report, No 10518-MA, dated November 9, 1992,is being distributed separately. Maps are also attached.

9. Project Imnlementation. The project would be managed by a ProjectManagement Team (PMT) headed by an experienced director, and consisting of stafffrom MOE's existing Development and Supply Division (DSD) and EducationalPlanning and Research Division (EPRD). An efficient entity, PMT/DSD has recentlybeen further strengthened under two separate projects. Implementation criteriahave been established. Each year, PNT would prepare for Bank approval a detailedexpenditure plan for the next year and an indicative budget outlay for thefollowing years. Eligible CIP items could be substituted from year to yearwithin agreed ceilings. Supervision would alternate broad, quantitativelyoriented annual reviews with interim reviews focusing on priority quality issues,often in the form of workshops. An in-depth mid-term review would be hold atend-1994.

10. Prolect Sustainability. By the end of the Sixth Plan, sectoralexpenditures are projected to be roughly 708 higher than in 1990. The Project'srecurrent costs would be equal to 13.2% of the increase, or 3.1% of MOE'srecurrent budget in 1996. This would require increases of about 8% p.a.,slightly above the 7% projected revenue growth, and is therefore broadly feasibleif MOE's present share of recurrent expenditures is maintained. This apparentease assumes no further increases in unit costs, no pressures due to unexpectedor unquantified expansion in other parts of the sector, and buoyant Governmentrevenues. The project includes adequate provision for recurrent funding of newfacilities. Issues of recurrent cost analysis, cost-recovery and privatization,efficiency and the need for broad fiscal reform to finance the social sectors lieat the heart of the macro and sectoral dialogue, and Government is committed toaddressing them.

11. Lessons Learned from Prevlous Bank Involvement. Concerns emergingfrom the existing PCRs and PPARs and from on-going supervision work relate to:(a) implementation delays and disbursement lags due to slow site acquisition,cumbersome reimbursement processing procedures, and understaffing of DSD; (b) atendency to follow liberal space norms and cost standards, and to hastily expandcapacity or upgrade technologies, leading to high costs and occasionalunderutilization; and (c) the limited impact of software components due to weaklinkages with the issues being addressed and Insufficient follow-up. The projectwould respond to these concerns by: (i) including advance planning mechanisms,

-4-

streamlined reimbursement procedures, and provision for adequate staffing; (it)monitoring norms and efficiency, and ensuring that the introduction of newtechnologies is supported by adequate budgets; and (iii) linking training,studies and specialist services under twinning arrangements managed by aspecially created MOE unit.

12. Rationale for Bank Involvement. With this project, the close workingrelationship built between the Government and the Bank over twenty-two years ofcooperation in the education sector would continue in a new phase. The types ofnon-financial inputs for which Bank involvement has been appreciated -- aconstructive sector-wide policy dialogue, assistance in sharpening the focus ofprograms, and institution-building -- would now be applied to the new educationalchallenges raised by the refocusing of the economy mapped out in Vision 2020 andthe Sixth Plan. The financing of the social sectors has already become a centraltheme of the overall policy dialogue with Government. The project would providean opportunity to discuss future sectoral policy issues, including efficiency,the need for increasingly sophisticated management tools (EMIS, M&E), and thestrengthening of capacity for innovation and introduction of cutting-edgetechnologies such as distance education and open-learning. Helping theMalaysian education system to meet the skill demands implicit in the transiti-to newly industrialized country status would also mean supporting an education.model of relevance to other Bank borrowers, especially rapidly industrializingcountries and culturally diverse societies.

13. Agreed Actions. A Letter of Policy has been signed and an Action Planapproved by the Government. In addition, Government has agreed to: (a)implement the project as indicated in the Letter of Policy, and as specified inthe Action Plan; (b) beginning in FY93, develop and subsequently introduceefficiency measures and budgetary norms satisfactory to the Bank to contain thegrowth of Primary and Secondary education recurrent expenditures while ensuringthat the share of such expenditures allocated to pedagogic materials andadministrative costs is maintained at no less than its average 1991-92 level; (c)develop and implement mechanisms to monitor educational recurrent expendituresand a formula to maintain the real value of the per capita grants to (primary andsecondary) schools at no less than their 1991 level; (d) ensure that all project-related research, studies and pilot-operations would be conducted on the basisof arrangements, including terms of reference, satisfactory to the Bank; (e)ensure that not later than school year 93-94, NOE would introduce in a sample ofschools a Year 3 math criterion-referenced test and monitor/analyze the results;(f) ensure that not later than March 1, 1993, MOE would enter into contractualarrangements satisfactory to the Bank with appropriate institutions oruniversities for implementation of the PIER and the EMIS components; and(g) maintain and enforce regulations (introduced in May 1992) to prohibit the useof cement-asbestos materials in project school and educational buildings.

14. Evronmental AsRects. The project would promote general awarenessof environmental issues and interest in environment-related scientific streamsthrough its support of a new, ecology-conscious curriculum and funding of schoolbased science projects. It would also provide for a safer school environment bybanning asbestos-cement materials from new school construction.

15. Poverty Alleviation and Women in Development. The project wouldcontribute to the achievement of Government's goal of eradicating hardcorepoverty. As the gender gap has been closed in primary and secondary education,

-5-

the project would explore and introduce measures to encourage girls to seekadmission into the more technical and managerial streams, leading to moreremunerative professions.

16. Prolect Benefits. The Project would create some 253,000 studentplaces; this would help Government to maintain UPE, to increase secondarycapacity by about 8%, and to directly enhance the environment of substandardschools. However, its main benefits would be of a qualitative nature, as qualityinputs and the emphasis placed on research, M&E and management would improve thesystem's ability to efficiently produce graduates equipped with the skills,attitudes and values required to maximize the productivity of the largeinvestments planned in knowledge-based industries, VTE and higher education.

17. Risks. At the groject level, there is a risk of implementation delaysand disbursement lags as experienced in previous projects. Measures recentlyadopted concerning site acquisition, civil works supervision and disbursementrequests processing have begun to show results and are expected to minimize therecurrence of these types of problems. The other two risks relate more to thePlan. One is that, at the macro level, sustainability might become problematicif all of the sectoral investments in the Sixth Plan (notably in higher educationand VTE) were to materialize simultaneously and under the present high unitcost/low cost-recovery regime. This risk is considered manageable given thequality of the macro and sectoral dialogue concerning fiscal reform and thefinancing of the social sectors and Malaysia's strong record in human resourcedevelopment. The third risk is that of slow implementation of key policymeasures of a sensitive nature. The commitments expressed in the Letter ofPolicy and the focus of the Annual Implementation Reviews should be adequatesafeguards against this risk.

18. R comendati . I am satisfied that the proposed loan would complywith the Articles of Agreement of the Bank and recommend that the ExecutiveDirectors approve it.

Lewis T. PrestonPresident

by Attila Karaosmanoglu

Attachments

Washington, D.C.November 9, 1992

-6-

Schedule A

MALAYSIATHIRD PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION SECTOR PROJECT

Estimated Costs and Financing Plan(US$ million)

Estimated Costs:A/k/Local Foreign Total--------- US$ million ---------

A. Ouality and excellence1. Teacher training 15.1 12.9 28.02. Educational resources 6.9 9.7 16.63. Research/Innovation 1.8 1.2 3.0

Sub-Total 23.8 23.8 &7.5

B. Access and ecuity1. Primary schools 72.3 41.6 114.02. Secondary schools 76.1 47.7 123.83. Housing and boarding 13.2 7.0 20.2

Sub-Total * E.7 96.3 257.9

C. Managerial efficiency1. Staff development 3.0 6.6 9.62. EMIS 0.5 2.0 2.53. Project implementation/management 0.3 0.2 0.5

Sub-Total 3.8 8.9 12.7

Total Baseline Cost 189.2 128.9 318.1

Price contingencies 11.7 12.2 23.9

Total Project Cost 141.0 342.0

Financing PlanGovernment 201.0 - 201.0IBRD 141.0 141,0

Total 1402Q

A/ Inclusive of taxes ecs 'ialent to US$7.9 million.

1sL Asnss _e_ mn-r r2-- -Asn sDtnt- a

-7.

Scbowdule BPrage 1 of 2

ZHIRD PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION SECTOR PROJECT

Procurement Arrangements(US$ million)

TotalCategory of Procurement Method CostExpenditure (incl.

cont.)

ICB LCB Other

Civil Works 25.0 211.3 - 236.3(9.0) (75.3) (84.3)

Equipment 16.7 8.3 4.Oa 29.0(16.3) (6.9) (3.0) (26.2)

Furniture - 32.7 - 32.7(8.4) (8.4)

Books & Educational - 19.7a 19.7Materials (5.3) (5.3)

Specialist Services - - 15.3h 15.3and Fellowships (13.6) (13.6)

Studies - 4.5 4.5(1.8) (1.8)

Local Training - - 4.0 4.0(1.2) (1.2)

Operation and - 0.5 0.5Administration (0.2) (0.2)

Total 41.7 252.3 48.0 342.0(25.3) (90.6) (25.1) (141.0)

a/ International and local shopping on basis of three pricequotations, and government bulk procurement.

i Specialist services engaged in accordance with Bank guidelines.

Note: Figures in parentheses indicate amounts financed by the Bank.

-8-

Schedule APage 2 of 2

MALAYSIA

THIRD PRIMARY AND SErONDARY EDUCATION SECTOR PROJECT

Disbursements(US$ million)

% ofAmount Expenditures

Categorvy Eguvalent to be Finaned

(1) Civil Works 84.3 35%

(2) Equipment 26.2 100% of foreign expenditures;100% of local expenditures(ex-factory costs);65% of local expenditures forother locally produced items

(3) Furniture 8.4 30%

(4) Books and educationalmaterials 5.3 30%

(5) Specialist servicesand overseasfellowships 13.6 80%

(6) Local training 1.2 30%

(7) Research & Studies 1.8 40%

(8) Operations andAdministration 0.2 40%

TOTAL 141.0

Estimated Disbursements: IBRD Fiscal Year1993 1994 1995 1996

------- US$ million ----------Annual 29.6 46.8 45.2 19.4Cumulative 29.6 76.4 121.6 141.0

EconomicRate of Return: Not applicable

9-

Schedule C

MALAYSIA

THIRD PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION SECTOR PEROJECT

Timetable of Key Project Processing Events

(a) Time taken to prepare the project: 24 months

(b) Prepared by: Government with IBRD Assistance

(c) First Bank mission: November 1990

(d) Appraisal mission departure: November 1991

(e) Negotiations: October, 1992

(f) Planned date of effectiveness: December 31, 1992

(g) List of relevant PCRs and PPARs:

Credit/Loan NE. Proie_ct EPC Date PPAR No.

0599-MA Education Project - 2520 -

0810-MA Second Education Project 03/1983 -0974-MA Third Education Project - 62801329-MA Fourth Education Project 11/1986 -1657-MA Fifth Educat_an Project 05/1989 97092145-MA Industrial Training Project 12/1990

This report is based on the findings of an appraisal mission which visited Malaysia in November-Decmaber 1991comprising F. Delannoy (Sr. Operations Officer, Task anager), 0. Go (Architect/Implementation Specialist,Consultant), K. Ninchliffe (Economist, Consultant), J. Kirk (Distance Education Specialist, Consultant) and H.Martinewz (Principal Educator). Contributions were also made by D. Chapman (Management Information SystemSpecialist, Consultant), M. Dalupan (Education Planner) and A. Salmon (Principal Educator) who led the pre-appraisalmission. Peer Reviewers were S. Asher (Sr. Operations Officer), R. Martinez, U. Rees (Principal Economist), andC. Shaw (Sr. Educator). N. Lockheed (Sr. Sociologist) provided valuable coments. The post-appraisal mission(April 1992) consisted of belannoy, Go, Hinchliffe and Nartinez. The document was reviewed by B.O. Babson (Chief,EAIPH) and C.E. Nadavo (Director, EAI).

- 10 -

Schedule 0Page I of2

THE STATUS OF BANK GROUP OPERATISON IN LALAYSIA

A. Statement of Bank Loans & IDA Credits.:(As of September 30, 192)

Loan or Amount (USSellion)Credit Fiscal (less cancellations)Number Year Borrower Purpose Bank Undiebursed

Malaysia

Loars

84 Loans closed 1,505.28

2291 1983 Malaysia Sabah-Sarawak Road ?1.22 1.252601 1988 Malaysia 2nd Industrial Training 35.73 .882842 1988 Malaysia Land Settlement Infrastructure 50.00 16.482654 1988 Malaysio Johor Water Supply 47.00 13.862685 1988 Malaysia Primary a Secondary Educ. I 111.70 17.262740 1987 Malaysia W. Johor ADP II 65.00 31.3S2772 1987 Malaysia Energy Efficiency and Research 69.00 28.002887 1988 Malaysia University Development 48.20 5.502942 1988 Malaysia Sarawak Power Project 66.00 7.672987 1989 Malaysia Primary A Secondary Educ. II 58.80 4.683039 1989 Malaysia Sabah Land Settlement ?1.50 9.143139 1990 Malaysia RISDA (Agriculture) 71.00 24.09314S 1990 Malaysia Highway Rehab/Improvement 83.20 ?4.063440 1992 Malaysia Power System Development 200.00 200.003484 1992 Malaysia FELCRA III (Agric.) 94.00 94.00

Total 2.862 528.07of which has been repaid 1 175.73

Total now held by the Bank and IDA

Amount sold 1S3.40of which repaid 12S.45

Total undisbursed 628.07 528.07

/a The status of the projects listed in Part A is described in a separate report on all Bank/IDA financedprojects in execution, which is updated twice yearly and circulated to the Executive Directors on April 30and October 31.

- 11 -

Schodule 0Page 2 ofT2

S. Statomnt of IfC Investmnts(As S ptmber' 30, 1992)

UndishureedTotal held Including

Fiscal Type Of Orininal Comitconts by IFC participantsYear Obligor Businens Loan Equity Total (at cost) portion

------.- -- MM IIo-------S--il-n-

1984/74 Malaysian Industrial Doe. Dev. Finance - 1.9 1.9 - -Finance Bhd. (MIDF)

1966 Te"k Cement Ohd. Cent 1.3 0.3 1.6 -1968-69 Malsyawata Steel Bhd. Stool 2.5 1.2 3.7 - -1970 India-Malaysia Textiles 1.3 0.2 1.5 - -

Textiles, 8kd.19S Pacific Hardwoods Pulp, Paper I Tia br 10.0 1.6 11.5 - -

Sdn. 8hd.1985 SEAVI Project Money A Capital Mkt. - 1.0 1.0 0.31987 Malaysia Fund Money & Capital Mkt. - 25.6 25.5 - -1968 Aquabio /a Aqu Iculture 4.0 - 4.0 - -1990 21st CentQry Oleochem. Chemicals 7.9 O.? 8.8 6.2 -1991 SEAVI II Money A Capital Mkt. - 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.51991 WIN mVB II Money A Capital Mkt. - - - -

Total 26.8 33.4 60.3 6.6 0.6

Approved but not yet signed

1992 D&C Guarantee /b Money A Capital Mkt. 10.0 - 10.0 10.0 10.01992 OCBC Guarentse 7b Money A Captial Mkt. 10.0 - 10.0 10.0 10.0

Total Cross comltments 46.6 33.4 80.3 26.6 20.5

S 8ubsequently cancelledG Cuarantee

IBRD 23711

MALAYSIAPENINSULAR MAUAYSIA

THIRD PRIMARY AND SECONDARYEDUCAMON SECTOR PROJECT

CLASSOM:CLASS RA10OS,PMARY EDUCATnON

-IASSROOM:CL.A$S RATIOS

. < t a . .98-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.81.07

T H A i L A N D X TAsB^wlu ; " . .9z°; Pgt,4I 78-.87

6 t H T u m p E ~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~.58-.876

SEA

4.

OC1>ER 1992

I1RD 23712

1t. \ MALAYSIA 1 _ IIPKNINSULAR MALAYSIA

THIRD PRIMARY AND SECONDARYEDUCATION SECTOR PROJECT

CLA3SROQM:CLSS RAMOSSECONDARY EDUCATION

cUASWROOM:CLASS RATIOS

V .82..93

.70-.81

Pudou M e lb u N .58 -. 69

SOUTH

CHIN'A

SEA4.

vh V ni3 r u m Z 5, 6S n ^ s3aRA

20 30 40 azSDv\\'t\£"'X\R\XW>

: XdE~~

: a lio ilri4- 1 MA'AY SA

SAW h AND ARAWA

ThIlRD PRIMARY AND SECONDARYEDUCAMON SECTOR PROJECT

CLASSROOM SS RAOSSCONDMAW EDUCAMON

.94-1.06

1.70-8 South

- EDIaSlilFTKS~~C i n a t

| . , SIND NESt INDO ESIA(K

LIMANTAN) oX;4110 112 114. Sea

uQ. i1?t 1 6* 1WtMALAYSIA

SA, I A,' SWAWAK

-hIRb PRIMRY AND SECONDARYEDUCAIlON SECTOR PROJECT

cLASSIOOMmcLASS RA OS,PRmA EDUwcAlON

.98-1.07

6* _.88-.970 ee3 .7.-.87South .

+,.~~~ SS1OThO,, WOz S' e

4.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~41

| 1 ~~~~~~~~~~(KAUMANTAN) INOES >N ONE

i'0 112 (SU~3~ 9CAUMAN1~4

#~~~~~~~~~M wd Ow bpmq-w 11 1oSSA