Wine Industry
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WINE INDUSTRY WINE INDUSTRY Prepared by: Jean Torneo and Emmanuel Revilla PHYSCI M15: BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY Submitted to: Mrs. Clarissa F. Gregana History of Wine and Wine Making • Well documented in numerous Biblical references, evidence of wine can be traced back to Egypt as far as 5,000 B.C. Bottles of wine were even buried with pharaohs in order that they might entertain guests in the afterlife. • Tomb wall paintings showing the use of wine as well as actual wine jars found in Egyptian tombs provide evidence of this fact. • Because more northern climates and soil produce better wine, the growth of the wine industry can be traced from its emergence along the Nile River in Egypt and Persia northward into Europe and, eventually, to North America. • Ancient Greek wine proved to be somewhat better than Egyptian wine. For this reason, Egyptians began importing it. Wine was also considered a drink of the elite in ancient Greece, and it was a centerpiece of the famous symposia, immortalized by Plato and the poets of the period. • Then Roman wines (from what would emerge to be Italy, Spain, and France) became notably superior. it was during the Roman era that wine became popular throughout society. In Roman cities wine bars were set up on almost every street, and the Romans exported wine and wine-making to the rest of Europe. • Eventually, French and German wines grew to be the most desirable, thereby shifting the center of wine production from the Mediterranean to central Europe. • It spread eastward to Central Asia along the Silk Route; grape wine was known in China by the eighth century. But the spread of Islam largely extinguished the wine industry in North Africa and the Middle East. Throughout Europe, wine-making was primarily the business of monasteries, because of the need for wine in the Christian sacraments. • The colonists brought wine production to the east coast of the New World by the mid-1600s. • The earliest account of wine used in the New World may be when the Pilgrims fermented grapes to celebrate their first Thanksgiving in 1623. • By the middle of the nineteenth century (using the fruits of the abundant native Vitis labrusca grape plants) wineries were established in
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Wine Making
Transcript of Wine Industry
WINE INDUSTRYPrepared by: Jean Torneo and Emmanuel RevillaPHYSCI M15: BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY Submitted to: Mrs. Clarissa F. Gregana
History of Wine and Wine Makin Well documentedinnumerousBiblical references, evidenceof winecanbetracedbac to Eg!"t as far as #,$$$ B.C. Bottles of wine were even buried wit% "%arao%s inorder t%at t%e! mig%t entertain guests in t%e afterlife. Tombwall "aintingss%owingt%euseof wineaswell asactual wine&arsfoundinEg!"tian tombs "rovide evidence of t%is fact. Because more nort%ern climates and soil "roduce better wine, t%e growt% of t%e wineindustr! can be traced from its emergence along t%e 'ile River in Eg!"t and (ersianort%ward into Euro"e and, eventuall!, to 'ort% )merica. )ncient Gree wine "roved to be somew%at better t%an Eg!"tian wine. For t%is reason,Eg!"tians began im"orting it. Wine was also considered a drin of t%e elite in ancientGreece, and it was a center"iece of t%e famous s!m"osia, immortali*ed b! (lato andt%e "oets of t%e "eriod. T%en Roman wines +from w%at would emerge to be ,tal!, -"ain, and France. becamenotabl! su"erior. it was during t%e Roman era t%at wine became "o"ular t%roug%outsociet!. ,n Roman cities wine bars were set u" on almost ever! street, and t%e Romanse/"orted wine and wine0maing to t%e rest of Euro"e. Eventuall!, Frenc% and German wines grew to be t%e most desirable, t%ereb! s%iftingt%e center of wine "roduction from t%e Mediterranean to central Euro"e. ,ts"readeastwardtoCentral )siaalongt%e-ilRoute1 gra"ewinewasnowninC%ina b!t%eeig%t%centur!.Butt%es"read of,slam largel! e/tinguis%edt%ewineindustr!in'ort%)fricaandt%eMiddleEast. T%roug%outEuro"e, wine0maingwas"rimaril! t%e business of monasteries, because of t%e need for wine in t%e C%ristiansacraments. T%e colonists broug%t wine "roduction to t%e east coast of t%e 'ew World b! t%e mid023$$s. T%eearliest account of wineusedint%e'ewWorldma!bew%ent%e(ilgrimsfermented gra"es to celebrate t%eir 4rst T%ansgiving in 2356. B! t%e middle of t%e nineteent% centur! +using t%e fruits of t%e abundant native Vitislabrusca gra"e "lants. wineries were establis%ed in (enns!lvania, 7irginia, 8%io,,ndiana, )labama, Mississi""i, and 'ort% Carolina. ,n239:, Euro"eancuttingsof Vitisvini!ra gra"esweresuccessfull!introducedtoCalifornia b! Franciscan "riests at t%e Mission -an Francisco ;avier. T%e! soon becamet%e dominant gra"e s"ecies in California wine maing. )great boost toCaliforniawinemaingcamefromColonel )goston2 andbasedinAivermore, California. )sof 5$$>, t%ecom"an!wast%eworld?st%ird0largest wine "roducer ne/t to ECJ Gallo Winer! and Constellation BrandsHistory$ran%ia Wine #ompany was founded in t%e California wine countr! near Dosemite7alle! at t%e turn of t%e centur!. Besides "roducing a fullrange of a@ordable wines forover 2$$ !ears, it was t%e 4rst )merican com"an! to sell wine in a bo/, a novelt! t%atmade t%e name Fran*ia s!non!mous wit% t%e conce"t.T"! B!&innin& Teresa #arrara $ran%ia+fromGenoa,,tal!."lantedt%e4rst Fran*ia winegra"esalong t%e side of a road t%at led to Dosemite 7alle! in 29$3. Teresaand%er famil!survivedb!sellingands%i""ingt%egra"esbacto%omewinemaers on t%e East Coast during (ro%ibition. W%en (ro%ibition was rescinded, %er seven c%ildren built and o"erated t%e Californiawiner!, w%ic% launc%ed its"ost0WorldWar,, advertising cam"aignwit% t%eslogan,EMae friends wit% Fran*ia.E WINE INDUSTRYPrepared by: Jean Torneo and Emmanuel RevillaPHYSCI M15: BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY Submitted to: Mrs. Clarissa F. Gregana T%e Fran*ia Wine Com"an! =uicl! became "o"ular for its wide selection of a@ordablewines. Teresa?s daug%ter )melia Fran*ia Gallo was t%e wife of Wine Maer Ernest Gallo. Teresaloaned Ernest t%e mone! to start %is com"an! +ECJ Gallo Winer!..Inn$vati$ns an' C"an&!s )lt%oug% t%e original conce"t of bo/ed wine was "atented in )ustralia in 293#, Fran*iawas t%e 4rst bo/ed wine mareted in )merica in t%e late 29:$s, and it became t%emost sold wine in t%e Fnited -tates in t%e 299$s. Fran*iawasalsot%e4rst bo/edwinewit%abuilt0inta"ont%ebo/, a"atentedrecloseable s"out called WineTap t%at is also stam"ed wit% a Ebest b!E date. T%eFran*iafamil!soldt%ebrandtoCoca0Colain29:6, w%ic%soldittoT%eWineGrou", t%e t%ird largest wine com"an! in t%e world. For almost a centur!, Fran*ia Wine %as o@ered a wide selection of w%ite, red and blus%winestosuitever!tasteandconsistentl!ransamongt%ebestbo/winesont%emaret. T%ese varietals are true to t%e taste of t%eir gra"es, wit% a %int of oa to round out t%eGavors. T%e! include Cab!rn!t Sauvi&n$n, C"ar'$nna() M!rl$t, S"ira* and +inan'!l. H,RA-+IA. Cab!rn!t Sauvi&n$nIMan! refer to #abernet Sau&inon as t%e /in& $ r!' &ra%!s. (er%a"s t%at title isdue to its abilit! to grow worldwide in a number of climates, or to t%e fact t%at it "roduceswine wit%suc% c%aracter !etsuc% diversit!.Eit%er wa!, t%is gra"e is res"onsible,asaw%ole or a "artner, for some of t%e greatest wines in t%e world.Manufa"turin Pro"essT!rr$ir 8ne of t%e most discussed conce"ts in winemaing is terroir. Terroir is academicall!tiedtot%eenvironmentsurroundingt%evine!ard, butt%ereareadi**!ingnumberofs"eci4cs t%at broaden t%e basics of t%e t%eor!. In t"! Vin!(ar'Just as wearet%e"roduct of our environment, wearealsoa"roduct of our"arentage. Because Cabernet -auvignon is a %!bridi*ation of a w%ite wine vine and a redwine vine, it can feature one or t%e ot%er or even bot% of its genetic lineages. T%is is a "artof Cabernet -auvignonJs c%arm. T%e gra"e can dis"la! an arra! of =ualities. $ Euro#+ateau Marau)0 55#,$$$ Lollars +notsold.#"at ar! t"! 'i0!r!nt t(%!s $ 1in!3Red (ine+made from blac gra"es.,W+ite(ine, +"roduced from green sometimes w%itegra"es.,Rose (ine+sin removed.,Spark*in (ine+involve secondar!fermentation., and$orti2ed (ine+mi/edwit% s"irits.
