We Helped Win The War Too! A Look at Minority Groups in WWII.
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Transcript of We Helped Win The War Too! A Look at Minority Groups in WWII.
We Helped Win The War Too!
A Look at Minority Groups in WWII
Women At the Homefront
• By 1944 20 million women working (up 57% from 1940)
• Men $54.65/week
• Women $31.21/week
Rosie the Riveter
• Nickname for women working in Factories
• Jobs: welders, riveters, making munitions, machinists, etc
Women in the Military
• Law by May 1942 (at 1st Congress against it-it took a year to pass)
• Jobs: Secretaries, radio operators, truck drivers, and airplane mechanics
• NO COMBAT!
Women in The Military
• WACS: Army • WAVES: Navy
(fashion designer helped design uniforms to keep feminine)
• SPARS: Coast Guard
Women in the Military
• WASPS: Women’s Air Force Service Pilots
• Ferried training aircraft and supplies
• 38 died during WWII
WASPS AFTER WAR
• Returned home with no military benefits or recognition
• July 1, 2009 Obama awarded them the Congressional Gold Medal
• Ceremony March 10, 2010
Civilian Women Overseas
• Red Cross: nurses, nurses aides
• Salvation Army: Donut Dollies, Entertainment
African Americans on The Homefront
• Women migrate north to work in factories
• Double V Campaign: victory over fascism in Europe & victory over racism at home
African Americans in the Military
• Start of WWII Segregated, No Combat depending on branch
• 2.5 million African Americans registered for the draft
-For better pay & to fight racism
African Americans in the Military
• Army: Two all black units
• 92nd Division• 761st Tank Division
(Black Panthers)
-Fought in combat
-Battle of the Bulge
-Medal of Honor winner
761st Tank Unit
• “Men, you're the first Negro tankers to ever fight in the American Army. I would never have asked for you if you weren't good. I have nothing but the best in my Army. I don't care what color you are as long as you go up there and kill those Kraut sons of b*****. Everyone has their eyes on you and is expecting great things from you. Most of all your race is looking forward to your success. Don't let them down and d*** you, don't let me down!” -Patton
African Americans in the Military
• Tuskegee Airmen:Trained at Tuskegee
University & Howard University
-1st had to train as civilians
-445 Tuskegee airmen in WWII
-150 killed in WWII-Highly Decorated
After the War
• Troops become Desegregated by the end of WWII
• Return to discrimination and segregation in the south
• Jackie Robinson: 1st African American to play for the Major Leagues in Baseball April 15, 1947
• *He was in the 761st!
Mexican Americans
• Bracero Programs: US recruits Mexican farmers
• -told to return after WWII• Zoot Suit Riots: white
sailors started a fight with Mexican Americans & it led to riots in Los Angeles that spread across the country
• Also targeted African Americans, other Latinos, & Filipinos
• Nicknamed for suits Mexicans wore