WWII Overview
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Transcript of WWII Overview
World War IIWorld War II
An overview of the Major Events and Key
Players.
Key Players in the War
Axis Powers Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo
Allied Powers Neville Chamberlain Winston Churchill Charles De Gaulle Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Joseph Stalin
ADOLF HITLER
Brought prominence to the National Socialist German Workers Party (NAZI Party)
Head of the 3rd Reich Believed in Master Race –
Aryan Race Unite all German-speaking
people 1933 took power Anti-communist Private property with strong
governmental control Das Fuhrer
BENITO MUSSOLINI
Led fascist movement in Italy
Black-shirt army Totalitarian State under
his rule AKA - Il Duce- The
Chief Anti-communist Private property with
strong government control
HIDEKI TOJO
Militant Japanese general Took control of Japan in
1941 Pushed for vast colonial
empire stretching from China to Thailand
Organized attack on Pearl Harbor
NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN
British Prime Minister at the onset of War
Believed in policy of Appeasement for dealing with Hitler.
Signed Munich Pact to turn over Sudetenland
Believed he obtained “Peace in Our Time”
WINSTON CHURCHILL
Critical of Chamberlin’s policies toward Hitler.
Became Prime Minister During the War (1940)
Strong Ally for the United States
Powerful public speaker he helped to rally his troops to fight German Aggression
CHARLES DE GAULLE
French General Fled to England after
Germany took over France.
Set up government-in-exile
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
President through Much of the War (Died in 1945)
Lend Lease program to aid Allies prior to US entry into the War
Signed order to intern Japanese after Pearl Harbor.
HARRY TRUMAN
VP under FDR Took over Presidency
at the end of the War. Made Decision to
Drop Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
JOSEPH STALIN
Totalitarian Regime in USSR. Awaited world-wide
Communist revolution. Great Purge of the 1930s to
clear out enemies from country 1939 – Signed nonaggression
pact with Germany. (Divide Poland)
Germany broke the pact, opening up the Eastern Front of the War.
Background
Treaty of Versailles (1919) - Harsh treatment of Germany: land losses, reparations, military reductions, and war guilt
League of Nations (1920) – International organization charged with preventing future wars. United States senate refused to allow the United States of America to become a member. The League had neither the will nor the power to check the rising totalitarian governments.
Background
Washington Conference (1922) – Italy, Japan, the United States of America, France, and Britain agree to not build up their navies for ten years
Mussolini takes over Italy (1922) Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) – sixty-two nations agree to
solve problems diplomatically Japan invades Manchuria (1931) Hitler comes to power (1933)
Short Term Causes
Italian, Japanese, and German aggression not stopped by League of Nations
Short Term Causes
Appeasement – Britain and France wanted to avoid war and therefore gave in to Hitler’s demands
Western democracies would not act aggressively– Britain – Sympathetic towards Germany – knew Versailles
Treaty too harsh, wanted to avoid war– France – Would not do anything without Britain– United States of America – Isolation from Europe
Major Events of the War- The Onset of War
Hitler reoccupies the Rhineland 1938 – Hitler unites Austria with Germany 1938 – Signed Munich Pact to Gain control of
Sudetenland (In Czechoslovakia) 1939 – Hitler and USSR sign nonaggression pact
(Agreed to divide Poland) 1939- Blitzkrieg in Poland September 1, 1939 – World War II official start
Major Events of World War II- The War
Inactive Winter 1940 –Britain and France Defend the Maginot Line
1940 – Germany invades Norway and Denmark 1940 – France Falls Summer 1940 – Britain withstands the German
onslaught 1941- Germany broke pact with USSR
– German setbacks- the harsh winters in Soviet Union; Bitter defeat in Stalingrad
Major Events of World War II - American Involvement
Lend-Lease Program to aid Allies Attack on Pearl Harbor – December 7,
1941- A Day that will live in infamy US enters World War II 1942 – War turned in favor of the Allies
– Victories in North Africa versus Germany– Victory in the Battle of the Midway in the
Pacific
Major Event of World War II - Allied Conferences
Tehran (1943) Yalta (1945) Potsdam (1945) - After Victory in Europe
– United States, Britain, and Soviet Union participated
Major Events in World War II – The End of the War
June 6, 1944 – Storming of Normandy December 1944- Hitler lost the battle of
the Bulge Germany surrendered in May 1945 Atomic Bomb dropped on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki in August of 1945 Japan Surrendered in September 1945