U.S. History

Fall Review Slideshow

How did urbanization and industrialization affect Americans’ lives?(Gilded Age1877-1900)

• Urbanization-more jobs– More people crammed together– More pollution– Disease, unsanitary conditions– Corruption– electricity->work later, study– Need for infrastructure: bridges, streets– Ethnic enclave

Effects of Gilded Age Industrialization

• More jobs• Poor working conditions• Disease, accidents• Unequal distribution of wealth• Need for unions—business owners have upper

hand• strikes

Why was the “Gilded Age”, “gilded”?

• Corruption hidden behind the “gold”• Wealthy business leaders on the backs of

workers with terrible wages, etc.• Political Machines were the dark side of city

government that helped some groups• Tenements are the dark side of urbanization

How did progressives use government to bring about reform?

• Sherman Anti-Trust Act• Interstate Commerce Act (Hepburn & Elkins Acts)• Setting up settlement houses• Child Labor regulation• Mother Jones-Labor Organizing• Suffragists-get 19th Amendment• Temperance Movement gets the 18th Amendment• Meat Inspection Act• Muckrakers (meat, corruption)

What were causes and impacts of the U.S. becoming a world power?

• Took over places like Philippines, Hawaii, PR, Cuba• Duty (military, Missionary Diplomacy, spread of

democracy, cultural superiority)• $$, Markets, Resources (ie: China)

• WWI—U.S. entered late so came out relatively unscathed; Sold weapons and munitions; loaned $$$; valuable ally

Impacts of U.S. as world power

• U.S. continued occupation of places like the Philippines• Build the Panama Canal• Platt Amendment to Cuban Constitution• Mediating after WWI; rejection of League of Nations

and other aspects by Senate• $$$ from loans and selling munitions, etc.• U.S. nationalism• 1920s---Isolationism (raise tariffs)• Other nations depend on U.S.

Impact of U.S. as world power

What were the political, economic and social conflicts of the 1920s?

• Ku Klux Klan---anti-foreign born, Roman Catholics, African-American, etc. (social)

• (economic) durables vs. jobs • (social/Cultural) Harlem Renaissance—white

assumptions about Blacks • Scopes trial –conflict between religion science• Speakeasies backlash to Prohibition• Rural vs Urban

Why did the role of the federal government expand so drastically during the 1930s?

• FDR• Depression had been result of lack of gov’t

regulation (stock market, banks)• Poor people/unemployed needed social, jobs

programs

What were the effects of the New Deal?

• Banks: Banking Relief Act, Glass-Steagall • Stock Market: SEC• Jobs/Public Works: WPA, CCC, NYA• Unemployment, relief: Social Security• Increased Income taxes on the wealthy• Farmers: AAA raised crop prices, forced farmers to let

land lie fallow• Rural Americans: TVA, Rural Electrification Act• Opposition—Huey Long, Father Coughlin [anti-

socialism; not doing enough]