US Army Science & Technology Challenges for …aeromav.free.fr/MAV07/keynote/keynote 1 Young...

17 September 2007

Presented by:

Dr. Suzy Young

Director

Advanced Science & Technology Directorate

Aviation and Missile Research, Development,

and Engineering Center

Presented to:

7th European Micro Air Vehicle

Conference and Flight

Competition

Toulouse, France

US Army Science &

Technology Challenges for

Unmanned Aircraft Systems

Approved for Public Release. Distribution is unlimited. Review

completed by the AMRDEC Public Affairs Office on 11 Sep 07. FN3288.

2 AMRDEC ASTD HDC Young_Panama_PublicRelease08-07.pptApproved for Public Release

S&T Chain of Command

Deputy Assistant Secretary

For Research & Technology /

Chief Scientist

Dr. Thomas Killion

DAS(R&T)

Ms. Mary Miller

Director Technology

The Honorable Claude M. Bolton, Jr.

ASA(ALT)

LTG N. Ross Thompson, III

Military Deputy ASA(ALT)

SES

SES

Dr. John Parmentola

Director Research &

Lab Mgt

6.2 – 6.3

6.1

AMCGEN Griffin

PEO AVMr. Bogosian

PEO M&SBG Dellarocco

RDECOMMG Robinson

AMRDECDr. McCorkle (SES)

CSAGEN Casey

SES

“the AAE”

S&T Funding

+

AMCOMMG Myles

DirectorAdvanced Science &

Technology DirectorateDr. Young

http://www.redstone.army.mil/amleaders/pb.html


PEO Aviation

Redstone TechnicalTest Center

Research, Development, and Engineering Command (RDECOM)

Department of the Army(DA)

Army Material Command(AMC)

Aviation and MissileRDEC (AMRDEC)

Aviation & Missile Life CycleManagement Command (AMCOM)

Redstone Arsenal

AMRDEC

Organizational Relationships

Missile Defense AgencyMarshall Space

Flight Center (NASA)

PEO Missiles & Space

53 Other Tenant Activities

Command

Matrix

Functional

Aviation & Missile

Research, Development

and Engineering Center

(AMRDEC)


AMRDEC Mission

1) Manage and conduct research, exploratory and advanced development

2) Provide one-stop life cycle engineering and scientific support for aviation and missile weapon systems and UAS/UGV platforms

Huntsville, AL

Aviation Applied Technology

Directorate Ft. Eustis, VA

• Aviation Systems Eng and SOF Support

Joint Research Program OfficeNASA Langley

Hampton, VA

• Aviation R&D

Model and DGV System

in Tunnel

Raw DGV Data

Smoke Image

Rotor Tip Vortices

Model and DGV System

in Tunnel

Raw DGV Data

Smoke Image

Rotor Tip Vortices

Aeroflightdynamics DirectorateNASA Ames–Moffett Field, CA

• Aviation R&D

AMRDEC HQ

Redstone Arsenal

Huntsville, AL

• Missile R&D

• Aviation & Missile Systems Eng

• Aviation & Missile Sustainment Eng and Field Support


S&T ProgramDevelopment

Future SystemsDevelopment

Fielded Systems Support

AMRDEC provides… Scientific & Engineering

Expertise and Support to PEO’s, PM’s, and Users

Across the Full System Lifecycle

Focus: Lifecycle Support

Production/Ops Support

System Development/Demonstration

Technology DevelopmentATO(D) ATD

Concept Refinement


Accelerate the Shift From This…

Unmanned Systems:

Scope of Effort

Promotes Common Controls, Data-links, Payloads,

Architecture, Training, & Logistics…Cost Effective Solution

Integrated Approach to

Unmanned Systems

Research and Development

UAS & UGV Systems

Treated Separately in All

Life Cycle Phases

…To This…


OSGCS – One System Ground Control Station

OSRVT – One System Remote Video Terminal

Raven

MAV

Shadow

Hunter

Warrior

Fire Scout

OSRVTOSGCS

3500 ft

The UAS Family of Systems

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)

Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV)

Small (Manpackable) UGV

Armed Robotic Vehicle – Assault (Light) (ARV-A (L))

MULE-C MULE-TMultifunction Utility/

Logistics and Equipment

Countermine and Transport

Interoperability

Approved for Public Release

Class III

Class IV

Class II Class I


Area SecurityRoute Recon

Direct Attack/Targeting

IED Operations

Counter Drug

Forest Fire Support

Law Enforcement

Maritime Surveillance

Civil Support/

Weapons of Mass Destruction Teams

Port Surveillance

Nuclear Facility Security

CBRNE

Pipeline Surveillance

Communications Relay

Agro/Bio Terrorism

Border Patrol

Expanding Missions


• Support OPTEMPO (10-12 times norm)

• Rapid Acquisition Fielding/Best Technology Forward

• Interoperability, commonality, and standardization

• Reduce accident rates by 50% each year

• Weaponization

• Counter UAS

• Flights in the NAS/Homeland Security Support

• Manned Unmanned (MUM) Teaming

Focus Areas in Support of the

Warfighter


Warfighter Needs

Aviation Capability Gaps*

1. Operational availability / mission reliability / logistical support / parts

obsolescence

2. Aviation survivability against unpredictable and hard to detect threats

3. Communications (extended distances, jamming environment)

4. Aircraft flight performance (range / lift / endurance)

5. Safe operations in obscured conditions and complex terrain

6. RSTA operations (target identification / excessive reporting timelines)

7. A2C2 and air traffic service deployability, supportability, interoperability

8. Effective aviation operations in high task loaded environment (extended

mission durations, NBC, UAS control, etc)

9. Mounted vertical maneuver with FCS-sized loads

10. Aviation weapon system range, lethality, accuracy, flexibility

*Aviation gaps are operational in nature and

may not require significant S&T efforts.


Aviation S&T

Enabling Capabilities

Priority Areas:

1. System reliability improvements, cost / footprint reductions

2. Improved detection / reaction time against threats

3. Lighter weight, more affordable Aircraft Survivability Equipment (ASE)

4. Sufficient bandwidth / capability / compatibility to meet communications requirements (includes data / imagery transmission and UAS control)

5. Highly efficient and more powerful engines

6. Improved powertrain, lift generation, and control systems

7. Enhanced pilotage and situational awareness

8. Target acquisition and identification at survivable standoff ranges

9. Manned and unmanned teaming enhancements / improved UAS autonomy

10. Real-time deconfliction of airspace

11. Range and mission duration consistent with future operations

12. Affordable, durable, repairable airframes (Next Generation Future Systems)

13. Flight controls and rotors capable of efficiently generating lift and providing optimized flight control and performance across the range of Army aviation aircraft and missions


AMRDEC Technologies to Support

UAS

• Payloads

– Video / on-board processing / data compression

– Sensors

– Comms relay

– Detection and identification of enemy threats

– SAR / SIGINT / lower echelons

– Weaponization

• Propulsion / Drive Systems

– High reliability heavy fuel engine

– High reliability electric motors

• Condition Based Maintenance

– Health and usage monitoring of critical components

– Reduction of mishaps and supportability costs

• Counter UAS

• Manned and Unmanned teaming / autonomous collaborative operations

• Survivability

• Networking

• Flight in NAS

• Joint / Interagency / Multi-National (JIM)


UAS Technology Development

What Are We Looking For?

• Small Heavy Fuel Engine (HFE)

• Improved sensors / acquisition / targeting

• Increased autonomous capabilities

• Smaller, lighter, cheaper components

• VTOL improvements (MAV)

• Ground Control Station improvements / human factors

• Datalink / Comms

• Reduce logistics footprint

• Maximize diagnostics / prognostics

• Networking / teaming

• GEO registration / location / TLE

• Training and CONOPS

• Lightweight munitions and launchers

• All weather capability

• ESAD for munitions

• Sense and avoid

• Modular designs


Ground Rules

• Leverage activities / common goals

• Reduce duplications

• Cost avoidance

• Relevance to Army capability gaps / needs

• Dealing with flat line funding

• Blended unmanned capabilities

• Standardization

• Reliability

• Considers a systems approach


In Current Operations

What is important?

• Information

• Response Time

• Improvements in situational awareness at the smallest unit level

• All weather, day/night

• Portable

• Low signature

Raven UAV


• Real world scenarios are driving requirements of MAV development and

fielding

• Accomplish unique military missions, particularly the hover and stare

capability in restricted (e.g urban) environments to provide real-time combat

information

– “Perch and stare” (the ability to land and continue to collect data)

– Unlike unattended ground sensors, the MAV retains the ability to take-off

and fly to another location, or to follow something of interest that is

moving

• Employable in a variety of warfighting environments (for example: in complex

topologies such as mountainous terrain; urban areas; confined spaces; and

high concentrations of civilians)

• Unconventional operations

– Natural disaster observation

– Indoor and outdoor

– Border patrol

• Affordable back-packable systems suitable for

dismounted soldier, Marine, and Special Forces missions

How Does the Micro UAV Meet

Those Military Requirements?

FCS Class IDARPA (Honeywell)

Micro UAV


Micro UAV Technical Challenges

• Need for lighter surveillance solutions

• Materials (wood, plastic, laminate, metal, etc)

• Payloads/Comms

• Simple avionics/flight control

• More intense integration

• Do more with less

• Position accuracy must be better

• Higher bandwidth required of navigation systems

• Unique flying techniques

• Endurance improvements

• All weather capabilities

• Power and propulsion

Effective integration into DoD operations is the ultimate goal

of these MAV/UAS developmental activities.

Micro-UAV Tested by

USMC and Navy


Size Matters

Range / Loiter / Endurance

Lightweight / Efficient

High Density

Mission Capabilities / Complexity

Communication / Navigation

MEMS

Autonomous Requirements

Security

Portability

Aerodynamics / Control

Development / Manufacturing

Ruggedness / Reliability /

Durability


Summary

• Aviation S&T

• A balanced focus that

– Emphasizes operations support & sustainment (cost reductions)

– Maintains focus on improved aircraft / aircrew survivability

– Delivers technologies for current fleet upgrades

– Develops & matures technologies to enable transformation to future fleet

– Advances future concepts

• AMRDEC UAS/MAV S&T

– Ensure AMRDEC efforts are supporting PM UAS/TCM needs

– Ensure S&T efforts satisfy operational gaps

– Ensure correct players are involved

– Avoid duplication of efforts / minimize redundancy / focus efforts

– Potential for new and innovative S&T ideas

Predator / Hellfire

Raven

ShadowMAV


• Back Up Charts


HSKT ACTD Overview

Concept

ISR supports search by MUM

team; provide strike ACFT C&C1

Brigade Combat Team

(BCT) Commander

option to attack with

organic fires or

Strike/CAS ACFT

3

Strike/CAS ACFT

downloads target

coordinates, releases

weapon

4

AH-64 detects, tracks &

locates target with UAS2

Link 16

Target

destroyed…

immediate BDA

to CDR

5

Legend

Link 16

TCDL

IDM

LINK-16

Hunter UAS:

Precision Target

Location


FY07 Efforts

WARFIGHTER

IMPACT

• UAV Laser Designation /

Weaponization Follow –On

Effort (ERMP)

• Common Handheld Controller -Weaponized

• VSTUS III – Low-Cost

Stabilized Gimbal UAV

• PlaybookTM

Control of Multiple,

Weaponized UAVs

• Low Cost, Weaponized SUAS

• Multiple Unified Simulation

Environment (MUSE)

Weaponization

C4I

Digital

Payload

C2/Display

Sim

I/F

MUSE/AFSERS Console

Weapons

Launch

Emergency

Operations Center

SUAV Operator

Simulation

Environment

SUAV Ground

Station

911 Call Center


Modular

Payload=

Multi-Mission

Capability

Multi-Mission Modularity Example

Quick-MEDS /

Quick-STRIKE Capability

PAYLOAD

Re-supply Mission: (Quick-MEDS) Real Time Delivery of Critical Items

Payload Configurations:

Class I: MREs, Water

Class II: Equipment, Tools

Class V: Ammo, Explosives

Class VIII: Medical

Class IX: Batteries

Class X(A): Aircraft Repair Parts

Strike Mission: (Quick-STRIKE) Engage Targets of Opportunity

Payload Configurations:

Shaped Charge/EFP Warhead Armor

Fragmentation Warhead Light Armor/Personnel

Penetration Warhead Buildings

Kinetic Energy (Rod) Warhead Low Collateral Damage

Special Effects Warhead Multiple Defeat Mechanisms

Non-Lethal Warhead Crowd Control

US Army Science & Technology Challenges for …aeromav.free.fr/MAV07/keynote/keynote 1 Young...

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