UNIT 3.ECOSYSTEMS

1. What is an ecosystem?A place and the organisms that live in

this place form an ecosystem.

BIOTOPEIncludes all the non-living things in an

ecosystem (soil, water, stones…)

BIOCOENOSISIncludes all the living

things in an ecosystem (plants,

animals…)

The living things that live in an ecosystem form GROUPS

POPULATIONIt`s a group of animals of the same species

that live together

COMMUNITYIt`s a group of

different species that live in the

same place

2. What are trophic relationships?

It is the relationship between the organisms that eat and the organisms that are eaten.PRODUCER

S:They

produce their own food.Ex. Plants.

PRIMARY CONSUMERS:They eat plants

(herbivores)Ex. caterpillar

DECOMPOSERS:They break down dead organisms.

Ex. Fungi and bacteria

SECONDARY CONSUMERS:

They eat herbivores(carnivores)

Ex. Praying mantis

TERTIARY CONSUMERS:

They eat carnivores(carnivores)

Ex. owl

Food chain

3.How do we classify ecosystems?

TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS

TERRESTRIAL AQUATIC

Oceans, lakes, rivers, ponds…

Rainforests, forest, dessert, grassland…

4. What`s the biosphere?The place where a population lives is

called HABITAT.

Some ecosystems have several types of habitats. They are called

BIOME.

The biosphere is all the ecosystems and habitats on the Earth.

Individual

Individual

5. Why do ecosystem change?

Ecosystems change. Sometimes the changes are natural, but

sometimes they are caused by human activity.

NATURAL CHANGES CHANGES CAUSED BY HUMANS

-Seasonal changes

- Fires because of hot summers

-Pollution-Overfishing-Forest fires-Deforestation