Differences in Counselors' Career Outputs in View of Licensure ...
Training for New Career Counselors
description
Transcript of Training for New Career Counselors
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Amy Mazur, Ed. M., NCC, MCDP
Career Development Specialist
Tell me, what is it you plan to do with your
one wild and precious life?-Mary Oliver
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Take a Breath– What happens?
A Metaphor– What we will do today– What you will do with clients
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Outline
– Introduction– Career Development Overview– Principles and Processes – Theory and Ethical Guidelines– Helping Relationship: 5 Step Process– Career Information & Resources– Wrap up
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Welcome
– Name
– Title and Work Functions
– Experience with Career Counseling
– Expectations of the Day
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
- Maintaining Boundaries- Evaluating Realistic Options- Motivating Clients- Understanding Possibility- Engendering Hope
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
What is Work?
What Is Working?
What is Career?
What is Career Counseling?
What is Work?
Job Occupation Career Vocation
Right Livelihood Calling Mission Life’s Work
Job vs. Career
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lA2W_oa3lSE&videos=8G9uyQvGfsg
What is Working?
The Psychology of Working
by David Blustein, 2006
What is a Career Counselor?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gV5OAfKhe34
Who is a Career Counselor?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2LCggmsCXk4&videos=n6BYC_UTVyQ
Definition of Career Counseling
The process of assisting individuals in the development of a life-career with focus on the definition of the worker role and how that role interacts with other life roles.
NCDA in Swanson & Fouad
Career Development Model
Self
Match
Action Options
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Self (Reflection)– Includes:
Roles Values Aptitudes Environments
Interest Skills Personal Style Priorities
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Options (Exploration)
– Includes: Research on occupations, industries and labor market Job shadowing Volunteer or part-time work Informational interviews Written materials, the internet
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Match (Decision-Making)
– Includes: Identifying and evaluating possibilities Exploring alternatives Choosing options – long and short-term Goal Setting
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Action (Strategy)
– Includes: Building in support, accountability and rewards Networking Resumes, Cover Letters, Interviews Negotiating Employment
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Considering Context– Gender– Family– Racial/Ethnic– Dominant Culture
Rosie Bingham, 2007
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
What is a Counseling Theory?
A conceptual frameworkDescribes complex human developmentMay explain, generalize and summarize what we do
in counselingHelps client make constructive changesOutcome: Success and Satisfaction
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Why Use a Theory?
To make sense of experience To bridge gaps To summarize information To explain information To make predictions To point out relationships To formulate goals To stimulate research
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Five Central Tenets Most career theories assume:
1. Individualism and autonomy2. A certain level of affluence3. Opportunities are available to all individuals who work
hard4. Work is central in people’s lives5. Linearity in the career counseling process
-Neville, Gysbers, Heppner, and Johnson (1998), working from a multicultural perspective
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Examples of Career Development Theory
Structural-Interactive (Trait & Factor) Life-Span (Developmental) Social Learning/Social Cognitive Parental Influence Constructivist Culturally and Contextually Diverse
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Trait & Factor Theory (1909)Parsons
Vocation depends on: Accurate knowledge of yourself
Thorough knowledge of job specifications
Ability to make a proper match between the two
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Person Environment Fit (1960)Holland
Job satisfaction is the result of congruence between personality and work environment
Realistic Investigative Artistic Social Enterprising Conventional
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Developmental Theory (1957)Super
- Career Maturity is manifested in the successful accomplishment of age and stage developmental tasks throughout the lifespan.
- Growth, Exploration, Establishment, Maintenance, Disengagement
- Stages & Tasks
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Social Learning Theory (1976)Krumboltz
Certain behaviors are modeled, rewarded and reinforced.– Positive and Negative
Learning experiences (interaction with the environment) provide information moving us toward or away from occupational options.
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) (1980’s)Betz
One’s belief in one’s capabilities to successfully engage in a specific area of behavior (performance accomplishments, vicarious learning, emotional arousal, and social persuasion & encouragement)
Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectation
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Parental Influence Theory
– Individuals can predict occupational selection based on the psychological needs that develop from the interaction between children and their parents.
– Child-rearing practices and family systems can significantly influence career choice and decision making.
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Constructivist Theory
Career Construction Theory…surveys how individuals construct their careers by using life themes to integrate self-organization of personality and the self-extension of career adaptability into a self-defining whole that animates work, directs occupational choice and shapes vocational adjustment.
-Savickas
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Constructivist TheoryShift from:
Information to Experience Psychometric self to Storied self Objective to Subjective
Career as carrier of personal meaningClient & Counselor as Co-CollaboratorsBuilds on development framework:
Takes context and development into account
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Multicultural ConsiderationsWork is a cultural negotiation.
Cognitive appraisals of individuals’ environment (e.g., opportunities, supports, and barriers) and of themselves (self-referent beliefs) direct their academic and career choice behavior.
Cultural identity may be indicator of how cultured experiences may be appraised/interpreted that shape how individuals approach or evaluate vocational choices and outcomes.
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Multicultural Considerations (cont’d)
Occupational landscape is uneven.
Bias and preference privilege members of some groups over others in the job market.
Perceptions of vocational opportunity may contribute to uneven representation of groups in career fields.
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Relational Cultural Theory A Healthy Psychological Self
Staying in connection with one’s self, with others & with the world.– Gilligan, 1991
Increasing proficiency in connecting to others. – Jean Baker Miller, 1976
5 Good Things
Sense of Zest/Well-Being Empowered Action Increased Knowledge of Self & Other Increased Sense of Worth Desire for More Connection
Relational Cultural Practice in Career Decision-Making
Awareness of relational perspective as central Assessing client’s relational world Exploring a range of relationships - connections & disconnections Assessing client’s relational self & voice - resonant spaces Using relational resources & minimizing negative influences Validating & assisting with disconnections around career issues Enhancing relational connection between client & counselor
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Ethics
– Integrity is telling myself the truth. And honesty is telling the truth to other people. Spencer Johnson
– Live so that when your children think of fairness and integrity, they think of you. H. Jackson Brown, Jr.
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Ethics (www.ncda.org)
American Counseling Association 1959 - First formal ethics document reviewed 1961 - Document reviewed by membership
Career Counselors - NCDA One of 17 divisions of ACA Ethics Guidelines based on ACA document
Training for New & Aspiring Career Counselors
Ethics
The Counseling Relationship Confidentiality Professional Responsibility Relationship with Other Professionals Evaluation, Assessment and Interpretation Teaching, Training and Supervision Research and Publication Resolving Ethical Issues
The Helping Relationship
Five Steps Relationship Building
Assessment
Goal Setting
Intervention
Termination and follow-up
The Helping Relationship
Relationship Building
– Listen with Authenticity– Slow Down, Do not anticipate– Start with blank slate, Do not assume– Understand contexts– Focus on Process, not Outcome– Trust Yourself, Use Intuition
The Helping Relationship
Assessment: Traditional
Identifying Skills
Clarifying Values
Exploring Interests
Assessing Abilities
The Helping Relationship
Assessment: Non - Traditional– Hear the Story
– Consider Contexts
– Witness and Reflect
– Interests, Values & Skills – non-traditional approaches
– Relational Map, Vocational Genogram, Developmental Work History, Peak Experiences
The Helping Relationship
Goal Setting
S specific M measurable A achievable R realistic T timely
Career Planning & Development Questions
The Helping Relationship
Intervention Assessing Readiness
Role Playing
Information Giving
Challenging Assumptions
Identifying Road Blocks
The Helping Relationship
Termination and Follow-up
Review
Articulate future plans
Follow-up
Use of Technology