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![Page 1: Trace Measures Learning about people from the things left in their wake Sam Gosling Department of Psychology University of Texas, Austin, USA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e905503460f94b94cf5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Trace MeasuresLearning about people from the things left
in their wake
Sam GoslingDepartment of Psychology
University of Texas, Austin, USA
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Goals
• Challenges of collecting trace measures• Ubiquity of traces• Viability of approach
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Lindsay GrahamUniv. of Texas
Laura NaumannSonoma State Univ.
Jason RentfrowCambridge Univ.
Jamie PennebakerUniv. of Texas
Simine VazireWashington Univ.
Matthias MehlUniv. of Arizona
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Domains in which personality could be expressed
LOWCONTROL
HIGHCONTROL
PUBLIC
PRIVATE
WebsitesAttractiveness
Dorm rooms
Office spaceNationality
Language style
Injuries
Dreams
Passwords
Underwear
Journal
Wallet
Books
Thoughts
Writing
Movie prefs
Sleep
Social life
Food prefs
Music prefs
Residence
Profession
Handshake Sports prefs
Language content
Appearance
FriendsCar
Bumper stickerEmail signature
Ans. Mach. messageGeographic location
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Physical environments: Offices and bedrooms
Virtual environments: websites, Facebook, & Foursquare
Aural environments: Music
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Trace MeasuresPros• Nonreactive• New populations• Often aggregates behavior• Can be hard to fake (because it’s real)
Cons• Not all contexts contain traces• Not all traits leave traces (A vs. O)• It’s hard!
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It’s Hard…
1.Identify likely traces to match construct2.Must measure those traces reliably3.Must combine them into an index
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Personal Living Space Cue Inventory(PLSCI)
725 Individual Cues
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WALLS, FLOORS, ETC.
FURNITURE.
POSTERS/ART.
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OTHER THIINGS ON WALLS.
BOOKS MAGAZINES
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COOKING STUFF
BEAUTY PRODUCTS
CLOTHING.
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MUSIC
STATIONERY
ELECTRONICSOTHER…
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Act Frequency Approach (AFA)(Buss & Craik, 1983)
GREGARIOUSNESS• He (she) took the initiative when meeting neighbors for the first time.• He (she) introduced him/herself to new co-workers without hesitation.• He (she) threw a surprise party for a friend.• He (she) made people in a crowded elevator laugh and smile.
ALOOFNESS• He (she) displayed no emotion when meeting the long lost friend at the airport• He (she) hid in the bedroom when the others came over to visit.• When spoken to, he (she) seemed to feign not hearing and walked quickly away in the other direction.• He (she) avoided her (his) love-struck gaze and walked with his (her) nose in the air.
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Riverside Behavioral Q-sort (RBQ)(Funder, Furr, & Colvin, 2000)
Behavior at “Psychologically Meaningful” level
• Tries to control the interaction• Dominates the interaction• Is reserved and unexpressive• Laughs frequently• Shows high enthusiasm and a high energy level• Behaves in a fearful or time manner
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PLSCI725 Individual Cues 42 Global attributes
Undecorated Vs. DecoratedGloomy Vs. CheerfulDrab Vs. ColorfulDirty Vs. CleanMessy Vs. NeatUncluttered Vs. ClutteredEmpty Vs. FullCramped Vs. RoomyCheap Vs. ExpensiveRepelling Vs. InvitingOrdinary Vs. DistinctiveUnstylish Vs. StylishStuffy Vs. Drafty
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Varied books
Distinctive
Varied magazines
Many CDs
Multi-purpose
Decorated
Many books
Varied CDs
.36
.44
.48
.27
Ope
nnes
s
Openness to Experience
Judg
e-R
epor
ted
Ope
nnes
s
.35
.33
.23
.34
.39
.31
.50
r = .79
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Uncluttered
Well-organized
Neat
Organized clothing
Relatively empty
Organized CDs
Organized books
Organized stationery
Clean
Inviting
Comfortable
Good condition
Cheerful
Colorful
Not much stationery
Conscientiousness
r = .81
Judg
e-R
epor
ted
Con
scie
ntio
usne
ss
.30
.46
.42
.57
.64
.62
.61
.50
.58
.47
.29
.36
.75
.56
.70
Con
scie
ntio
usne
ss
.27
.27
.27
.29
.36
.32
.27
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But not all traits are expressed in spaces
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Cheerful
Colorful
Inviting
Neat
Clean
Good condition
Well-organized
Organized CDs
Organized stationery
Few clothes
Agreeableness
Agr
eeab
lene
ss
r = -.22
Judg
e-R
epor
ted
Agr
eeab
lene
ss
.39
.43
.26
.26
.36
.33
.37
.52
.66
.51