Topics: Ansoft HFSS — Plot Menu Plot Menu -...

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ement mesh.distance plots.

ale, and other attributes.

u appears:

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Ansoft HFSS — Plot Menuics:

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Plot MenuUse the commands on the Plot menu to:

• Display shaded or wireframe views of the model’s finite el• Display animated, contour, shaded, vector, and value vs. • Display plots of radiated electric fields. • Change a plot’s visibility, color, range of plotted values, sc• Load plots from files and save plots to files.

When you choose Plot from the menu bar, the following men

t Menu Commands/Mesh/Field/Far Field/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tions

ell Online Help System 469 Copyright © 1996-2002 Ansoft Corporation

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s of the finite element mesh.as E and H and simple ensity. ld region.field region.quantity.

and volume plots.) aling, arrow type, and other

and volume plots.) Speci-sible. and volume plots.) Deletes

points on a plot.s, range of plotted values, le, marker types, and graph

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Plot CommandsThe commands on the Plot menu are:

Mesh Displays wireframe or shaded viewField Plots common field quantities such

derived quantities such as current dFar Field Plots the radiated fields in the far-fieNear Field Plots the radiated fields in the near-Animation Creates an animated plot of a field Open Loads a plot from a file.Save As Saves a plot to a file. Modify (Cutplane, rectangle, point, 3D line,

Changes a plot’s color, shading, scattributes.

Visibility (Cutplane, rectangle, point, 3D line,fies whether plots are visible or invi

Delete (Cutplane, rectangle, point, 3D line,plots.

Show Coordinates Displays information about selectedFormat Changes the plot’s scale, axis label

grid settings, line thickness and styvisibility.

Menut Commands/Mesh/Field/Far Field/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tions


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the objects you select.

mesh tetrahedra are e, a scale factor of 80

is determines whether em are visible. A lot; a transparency of

that lie on object cted objects. tion.

of plot. Use Plot/Modify to ble, and Plot/Delete to

a; however, any lines hid-

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Plot/MeshChoose Plot/Mesh to display the finite element mesh inside

> To display the mesh:1. Select the objects using one of the selection commands. 2. Choose Plot/Mesh. 3. Enter the plot name in the Name field.4. Enter a Scale Factor between zero and 100 percent. The

drawn at this percentage of their original size. For instancdraws the tetrahedra at 80% of their original size.

5. Enter a Transparency between zero and 100 percent. Ththings that are behind the objects or already plotted on thtransparency of zero creates a completely opaque mesh p100 percent creates a completely transparent mesh plot.

6. Select one of the following display options:

7. Select Surface Only to only draw the faces of tetrahedra surfaces. Deselect it to draw all tetrahedra inside the sele

8. Choose OK to draw the mesh or Cancel to stop the opera

The 3D Post Processor treats mesh plots like any other type change their appearance, Plot/Visibility to make them invisidelete them.

Wire Frame Draws wire frame outlines of tetrahedra.Hidden Line Draws wire frame outlines of the tetrahedr

den by a tetrahedra are not visible. Shaded Draws shaded tetrahedra.

Menu Commandst/Mesh/Field/Far Field/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tions


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H, and simple derived lotted on points, lines, sur-

to be plotted.appears. For details

which fields are plotted. line plot is drawn.

rying the phase. plot’s appearance. r each plot type:

Line Plotsint Plotsint Plots

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Plot/FieldChoose Plot/Field to plot basic field quantities such as E andquantities such as current density. These quantities can be pfaces, and volumes.

> To plot field quantities:1. Before you begin, create the geometry on which fields are2. Choose Plot/Field. A window similar to the following one

about a field, click on its name.

3. Select the plot quantity, the geometry, and the volume in 4. (Scalar field quantity on a line.) Select whether a 2D or 3D5. Enter the phase angle at which the quantity is plotted. 6. Select Phase animation to create an animated plot by va7. Choose OK. A window appears with fields that control the8. Set the plot attributes. Click below to view the attributes fo

• Scalar Surface and Volume Plots • Scalar 2D• Vector Surface Plots • Scalar Po• Scalar 3D Line Plots • Vector Po• Vector 3D Line Plots

Menu Commands/Mesht/Fieldreate the Geometrylot Quantityn Geometry Volume

D Line PlotD Line Plothasehase Animationcalar Surf. and Vol. Plotsector Surface Plotscalar 3D Line Plotsector 3D Line Plotscalar 2D Line Plotscalar Point Plotsector Point PlotsD Plotslot Options/Far Field/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tions


9. Choose OK. The field quantity is then plotted on the geometry you selected.

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e, or volume for the plot.

defined surfaces, volumes, xz planes and the outside bjects and the solution ysis. ing:

ximum and minimum field

are listed as follows: (x,y,z,t).H|(x,y,z,t).|J|(x,y,z,t), over the volume.|J|(x,y,z,t), on the surface. field, |E|(x,y,z).tic field, |H|(x,y,z). density, |J|(x,y,z), over the

density, |J|(x,y,z), on the

volume.rface.*.

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Create the GeometryThe first step in plotting fields is to create a point, line, surfacKeep the following in mind:

• The 3D Post Processor automatically creates a set of preand lists which includes surfaces such as the xy, yz, and surfaces of objects, and volumes such as the insides of oregion. Use them whenever possible to simplify your anal

• Use the Geometry/Create commands to create the follow• Points• Lines• Any surfaces, volumes, or lists not already defined.

• Use the Data/Calculator command to define points of mavalues and isosurfaces on which fields are to be plotted.

Plot QuantitySelect the field quantity to be plotted. The available quantities

Mag E The magnitude of the electric field, |E|Mag H The magnitude of the magnetic field, |Mag Jvol The magnitude of the current density, Mag Jsurf The magnitude of the current density, CmplxMag E The complex magnitude of the electricCmplxMag H The complex magnitude of the magneCmplxMag Jvol The complex magnitude of the current

volume.CmplxMag Jsurf The complex magnitude of the current

surface.Vector E The electric field, E(x,y,z,t).Vector H The magnetic field, H(x,y,z,t).Vector Jvol The current density, J(x,y,z), over the Vector Jsurf The current density, J(x,y,z), on the suVector Poynting The Poynting vector, defined as E x H

Menu Commands/Mesh/Fieldreate the Geometrylot Quantityn Geometry Volume Line Plot Line Plot

hasehase Animationcalar Surf. and Vol. Plotsector Surface Plotscalar 3D Line Plotsector 3D Line Plotscalar 2D Line Plotscalar Point Plotsector Point Plots

Plotslot Options/Far Field/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tions


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to be plotted. Geometries all predefined surfaces, vol-ues, and any isosurfaces.

his lets you limit plots to the ne. It does not apply if you fields on the intersection of e. To plot fields on the entire

ne.

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The units for the field quantities are given as follows:

On GeometrySelect the point, line, surface, or volume on which the field isinclude those created via the Geometry/Create commands, umes, and lists, all points of maximum and minimum field val

In VolumeSelect the region (volume) in which fields are to be plotted. Tintersection of a volume with the selected point, surface, or liselected a volume under On Geometry. For instance, to plotthe xz-plane and the object strip, select strip under In Volumxz-plane, select -all-.

2D Line PlotDraws a “value vs. distance” plot of the field quantity on the li

Mag E V/mMag H Amps/mMag Jvol Amps/m2

Mag Jsurf Amps/mCmplxMag E V/mCmplxMag H Amps/mCmplxMag Jvol Amps/m2

CmplxMag Jsurf Amps/mVector E V/mVector H Amps/mVector Jvol Amps/m2

Vector Jsurf Amps/mVector Poynting W/m2




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re plotted as shaded lines;

is evaluated. These quanti-,

illating, specified during the

that peaks at t = 0).

e field’s magnitude at differ-

d.

ωt θ x y z, ,( )+( )s

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3D Line PlotPlots the field quantity directly on the line. Scalar quantities avector quantities are plotted as arrows based on the line.

PhaseLets you specify the phase angle, ωt, at which a field quantityties can be represented in the form

where

• ω is the angular frequency at which the quantities are oscsolution.

• θ(x,y,z) is the phase angle (the offset from a cosine wave

Entering the phase angle lets you compute the real part of thent points in its cycle.

Phase AnimationAnimates the plot with respect to the phase of the plotted fiel

A x y z t, , ,( ) A x y z, ,( )co=




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quantity, the following win-r volume plots. Click on one

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Scalar Surface and Volume PlotsIf you generate a surface plot or volume plot of a scalar field dow appears. Note that some of these fields do not appear foof the fields below for its description.


D Line PlotD Line Plothasehase Animationcalar Surf. and Vol. lots

ector Surface Plotscalar 3D Line Plotsector 3D Line Plotscalar 2D Line Plotscalar Point Plotsector Point PlotsD Plotslot Options/Far Field/Near Field. Field Plotting Options


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llowing window appears.

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Vector Surface PlotsIf you generate a surface plot of a vector field quantity, the foClick on one of the fields below for its description.




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wing window appears. Click

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Scalar 3D Line PlotsIf you generate a 3D line plot of a scalar field quantity, the folloon one of the fields below for its description.




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lowing window appears.

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Vector 3D Line PlotsIf you generate a 3D line plot of a vector field quantity, the folClick on one of the fields below for its description.




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alar field quantity, the follow-escription.

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Scalar 2D Line PlotsIf you generate a 2D line plot (value vs. distance plot) of a scing window appears. Click on one of the fields below for its d




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ing window appears. Click

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Scalar Point PlotsIf you generate a point plot of a scalar field quantity, the followon one of the fields below for its description.


D Line PlotD Line Plothasehase Animationcalar Surf. and Vol. Plotsector Surface Plotscalar 3D Line Plotsector 3D Line Plotscalar 2D Line Plotscalar Point Plotsector Point PlotsD Plotslot Options/Far Field/Far Fieldiated Field Plotting tions


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ing window appears. Click

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Vector Point PlotsIf you generate a point plot of a vector field quantity, the followon one of the fields below for its description.




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wing window appears. Click

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3D PlotsIf you generate a 3D polar plot of a far-field quantity, the folloon one of the fields below for its description.




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ay change the name when

color key displays the range e colors on the plot. It is t scale. Mesh plots, surface

on.

e Plot/Modify command.

you to change the plot’s

Range of plotted field values.

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Plot OptionsName

By default, this displays the units used in the color key. You myou are defining the plot.

Show color keySelect this to display the plot’s color key (shown below). The of plotted field values, and which field values correspond to thautomatically updated if you change the color map type or plodrawings, and animated plots do not have color keys.

Moving the color keyTo move the color key, click on it and drag it to the new locati

Modifying a plot with the color keyUsing the color key to modify a plot has the same effect as th

> To modify a plot’s appearance using the color key:• Double-click on the color key. A window appears, allowing

attributes.

Name

Color map





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raws contour lines at the en shaded (filled) and con-

contours is filled with the

n plot contours is left blank.

t.

tplane, or volume.

m and Minimum values.

olors assigned to the Maxi-

m plotted values — that is,

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FilledIf a scalar field quantity is plotted on a surface, the software dvarious field values. Select or deselect Filled to toggle betwetour (unfilled) plots.

• Select Filled to display a shaded plot. The area between color corresponding to the field value.

• Deselect Filled to display a contour plot. The area betweePlot Scale

These fields control how field quantities are scaled on the plo

Auto ScalePlots the full range of field values on the selected surface, cu

Use LimitsChoose this to plot only the field values between the Maximu

Field values above or below these values are plotted in the cmum or Minimum limits.

DivisionsThe number of divisions between the Maximum and Minimuthe number of contours on the plot.

LinearPlots field values on a linear scale.

LogarithmicPlots field values on a logarithmic scale.

Maximum Enter the highest field value to be plotted.Minimum Enter the lowest field value to be plotted.





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re plotted, its shade corre-

ected spectrum to each field

antity at the point.

isplayed.f its x-, y-, and z-

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Color Map Type These options control the color of the plot.

RampPlots field quantities in a single color.

> To specify a single color for a plot:1. Choose Ramp.2. Choose the plot color from the color palette.

The color you selected appears next to Ramp. When fields asponds to the field value.

SpectrumThis plots field quantities in multiple colors.

> To select a spectrum color:1. Choose Spectrum.2. Select a spectrum color from the menu.

The 3D Post Processor assigns one of the colors from the selvalue that’s plotted.

Color BlockThis assigns a color to the plot.

> To specify a color:1. Click on the color block. An array of colors appears.2. Choose the new color for the plot.

The plot changes to the new color.

ValueFor a point plot, select this to display the value of the field qu

• If a scalar field quantity is being plotted, its magnitude is d• If a vector field quantity is being plotted, the magnitudes o

components are displayed.





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g a marker.

he plot’s appearance.

ne of these shapes:

y being plotted.

he quantity being plotted.

at the point as an arrow. If -components are displayed.

ixed in size (2x2 and 4x4 is disregarded.

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MarkerFor scalar point plots, select this to plot the field quantity usin

Marker OptionsFor a point plot of a scalar field quantity, these fields control t

TypeSelect the type of marker that’s drawn at the point. Choose o

SphereBoxTetrahedronOctahedronPoint2Point4

SizeThe size of the marker in the model’s units of measurement.

Map SizeScales the size of the marker to the magnitude of the quantit

Map ColorAssigns a color to the marker according to the magnitude of t

ArrowFor a vector point plot, select Arrow to plot the field quantity this field is not selected, the values of the vector’s x-, y-, and z

Note: Point2 and Point4 create square markers that are fpixels). Because they are fixed in size, the Size field

Note: You must select Map Size, Map Color, or both.





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ppearance.

the following:

ept the default.

antity being plotted.

eld quantity being plotted.

osed on the surface, line, or arrows (grid points) in the

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Arrow Options For a vector point plot, use these fields to specify the plot’s a

TypeControls how the plot’s arrows are displayed. Choose one of

SizeThe length of the arrows in the model’s units. In general, acc

Map SizeScales the size of the arrows to the magnitude of the field qu

Map ColorAssigns colors to arrows according to the magnitude of the fi

SpacingThe 3D Post Processor plots arrows on a grid that is superimpvolume you selected for the plot. Enter the distance betweenSpacing field. In general, accept the default.

ColorThis is the color of the plotted quantity on a 2D line plot.

> To specify the color:• Choose the color from the color palette.

The selected color then appears next to Color.

2D Draws two-dimensional, flat arrows.3D Draws three-dimensional, rounded arrows.

Note: You must select Map Size, Map Color, or both.





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D line plot. Available only if

appears next to Marker.

only if Show Line is

ine is selected.

.

.

d it to the current 2D line ted.

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MarkerThis is the type of marker used to indicate data points on a 2Show Markers is selected.

> To specify the type of marker for a 2D line plot:1. Choose Marker. A palette of marker shapes appears.2. Select the shape you prefer. The new marker shape then

WidthThe width of the plotted line. In 2D line plots, this is availableselected.

> To specify the line width:1. Choose Line. A palette of line widths appears.2. Select the width you prefer.

StyleThis is the type of line that’s plotted. Available only if Show L

> To specify the line style:1. Choose Style. A palette of line styles appears.2. Select the style you prefer.

Show MarkersSelect this to display markers at data points on a 2D line plot

Show LineSelect this to display the plotted quantity as a line.

Show AxesSelect this to display the axes for a 3D far-field plot.

Use LightingSelect this to display the lighting effects for a 3D far-field plot

Add to Current PlotIf an additional field quantity is being plotted, select this to adplot. If Add to Current Plot is not selected, a new plot is crea





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diated fields in the far-field the radiated fields in the

mand.

ted fields in the far-field

ly plotted on a spherical

the quantity to plot,

t whether or not to

or Cancel to cancel the

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Plot/Far FieldChoose Plot/Far Field to plot the most recently computed raregion. This command is active only after you have computedfar-field region using the Radiation/Compute/Far Field com

> To plot the far field:1. Choose Plot/Far Field after you have computed the radia

region. The following window appears:

2. Select the quantity to plot. 3. Select the polarization of the quantity you are plotting.4. Select the component of the quantity you are plotting.5. Leave the Geometry set to Sphere. Since far fields are on

grid, this is the only option available.6. Select the plot type.7. Select the fixed variable and the angle(s) to plot. 8. If you have selected Radar Cross Section or rE Field as

specify the units for the plot.9. Select whether or not to plot the data in dB.10. If you have selected rE Field as the quantity to plot, selec

normalize the data.11.Choose OK to plot the radiated fields in the far-field region

action.

Menu Commands/Mesh/Fieldt/Far Field/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tions


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adiated fields in the near-ute the radiated fields in the ommand.

iated fields in the near-mand. The Plot Near

s for the plot.

ion with the settings you

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Plot/Near FieldChoose Plot/Near Field to plot the most recently computed rfield region. Before plotting the near field, you must first compnear-field region using the Radiation/Compute/Near Field c

> To plot the near field:1. Choose Plot/Near Field after you have computed the rad

field region using the Radiation/Compute/Near Field comField window appears:

2. Select the quantity to plot. 3. Select the polarization of the E-field.4. Select the component of the E-field.5. Select the geometry for the plot.6. Select the plot type.7. Select the fixed variable and the angle(s) or line segment8. Select the units for the plot.9. Select whether or not to plot the data in dB.10.Select whether or not to normalize the data.11.Choose OK to plot the radiated fields in the near-field reg

have specified or Cancel to cancel the action.

Menu Commands/Mesh/Field/Far Fieldt/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tions


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g plotting options:

hange to: Plots the y pattern. This is the the total radiated

e to: Plots the angu-This is the radiated ted power.

ld. Change to: Plots is of the electric field

tion, , where λ0

ctric field.

σλ02

--------


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Menu Commands/Mesh/Field/Far Field/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tionsuantityolarizationomplex Componenteometrype

ixed Variablene Segmenthi/Theta Anglenits

ormalize

Radiated Field Plotting OptionsWhen you are plotting radiated fields, select from the followin

QuantitySelect the quantity to plot from the following:

Antenna DirectivityPattern

Plots the directivity of the antenna. Cangular dependence of the directivitradiated field pattern normalized by power.

Antenna GainPattern

Plots the gain of the antenna. Changlar dependence of the gain pattern. field pattern normalized by the accep

Axial Ratio Plots the axial ratio of the electric fiethe ratio of the major to the minor axpolarization ellipse.

Normalized RCS Plots the normalized radar cross secis the wavelength of free space.

Polarization Ratio

Plots the polarization ratio of the ele


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RCS is measured in by

radiated electric by the distance, r.For far fields this is

present in the problem.e only available if inci-


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Menu Commands/Mesh/Field/Far Field/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tionsuantityolarizationomplex Componenteometryypeixed Variableine Segmenthi/Theta AnglenitsBormalize

Radar Cross Section Plots the radar cross-section, σ. Themeters squared and is represented

where• Escat is the scattered E-field.• Einc is the incident E-field.

E Component Field Plots the selected component of thefield. For far fields, this is multiplied

E Total Field Plots the total radiated electric field. multiplied by the distance, r.

Note: Antenna Gain Pattern is only available if ports areNormalized RCS and the Radar Cross Section ardent waves are present in the problem.

σ4πr2 Escat

2

Einc2

-----------------------------=


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electric field. the components.

nt for a left-hand circularly

nt for a right-hand circularly

redominantly left-hand circu-qual to:

jEφ)

jEφ)

Eφ)

jEφ)----------


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Menu Commands/Mesh/Field/Far Field/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tionsuantityolarizationomplex Componenteometrype

ixed Variablene Segmenthi/Theta Anglenits

ormalize

PolarizationFor some quantities, you must specify the polarization of the

Total Plots the combined magnitude ofPhi Plots only the φ-component.Theta Plots only the θ-component.X Plots only the x-component.Y Plots only the y-component.Z Plots only the z-component.LHCP Plots only the dominant compone

polarized field, which is equal to:

RHCP Plots only the dominant componepolarized field, which is equal to:

Circular/LHCP Plots the polarization ratio for a plarly polarized antenna, which is e

12------- Eθ –(

12------- Eθ +(

12------- Eθ j–(

12------- Eθ +(-----------------------


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the Technical Notes.

redominantly right-hand cir-s equal to

redominantly φ-polarized

redominantly θ-polarized

nt for an x-polarized aper- of cross polarization. This

nt for a y-polarized aperture ross polarization. This is

ixed variable. variable.d variable.

e fixed variable.

jEφ)

Eφ)---------- .

.

.


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For further information on polarization, refer to Polarization in

Complex ComponentSelect the component of the data to display:

Circular/RHCP Plots the polarization ratio for a pcularly polarized antenna, which i

Spherical/Phi Plots the polarization ratio for a pantenna, which is equal to

Spherical/Theta Plots the polarization ratio for a pantenna, which is equal to

Ludwig 3/X dominant Plots only the dominant componeture using Ludwig’s third definitionis equal to Eθcosφ - Eφsinφ.

Ludwig 3/Y dominant Plots only the dominant componeusing Ludwig’s third definition of cequal to Eθsinφ + Eφcosφ.

Magnitude Plots the magnitude of the data versus the fPhase Plots the phase of the data versus the fixedReal Plots the real part of the data versus the fixeImaginary Plots the complex part of the data versus th

12------- Eθ +(

12------- Eθ j–(-----------------------

EφEθ------

EθEφ------


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d fields on a spherical sur-

ither phi or theta as the

in the far-field region, ble.e near-field region, the

layed next to the

d fields along a line seg-n Line is selected:

the Fixed Variable.m the Type menu.

r grid.sian grid.

lar grid.

disabled.


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GeometrySelect one of the following geometry types:

TypeSelect one of the following plot types:

Sphere Select this if you have computed the radiateface. Keep the following things in mind:• When this is selected, you can choose e

Fixed Variable.• If you have computed the radiated fields

Sphere is the only geometry type availa• If you are plotting the radiated fields in th

radius the field was calculated at is dispGeometry menu.

Line Select this if you have computed the radiatement. Keep the following things in mind whe• You can choose an axis or the radius as• You do not need to select a plot type fro

2D Polar Displays the plot on a two-dimensional pola2D Cartesian Displays the plot on a two-dimensional carte3D Polar Displays the plot on a three-dimensional po

Note: If you are plotting the near field along a line, Type is


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ted. For line geometries, the .

hether to plot the field

f the problem region, you , specifying phi as the fixed ss-sections at selected phi g theta as the fixed variable

for horizontal cross-sections

t field values. Only line seg- in the list box. Use Select one to deselect them.

ngles to plot. The angles s in the list represent the start and stop range) of the ted. Use Select All to select values.


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Menu Commands/Mesh/Field/Far Field/Near Fieldiated Field Plotting tionsuantityolarizationomplex Componenteometryypeixed VariableLineSphere

ine Segmenthi/Theta AnglenitsBormalize

Fixed VariableThe fixed variable displayed depends on the Geometry selecfixed variable is called Independent Variable in the interface

LineIf you computed the near field along a line segment, select wagainst the x-axis, y-axis, z-axis, or radius.

SphereTo plot radiated fields in horizontal or vertical cross sections ospecify which variable — phi or theta — is fixed. For instancevariable instructs the system to display values for vertical crocuts of the problem region at a set of theta rotations. Specifyininstructs the system to compute values in the theta direction of the problem region at a set of phi rotations.

Line Segment(Line Segments only.) Select the line segment on which to ploments along which the near field has been computed appearAll to select all the line segments in the list box. Use Select N

Phi/Theta Angle(Sphere only.) From the list, select the phi or theta angle or alisted depend on the fixed variable that is selected. The valuerotations (specified as the steps for the dependent variable’s various spherical cross sections on which fields were generaall the values in the list box. Use Select None to deselect the

UnitsSelect the units for the display from the toggle menu.

dBSelect dB to scale the data logarithmically.


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d with respect to their maxi-r example, the x-component and |Ey| were plotted, all val-

(Component or Total) or rE


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NormalizeSelect Normalize to normalize the field quantities to be plottemum value (that is, it divides all values by the maximum). Foof E, Ex, would be divided by the maximum of Ex. If both |Ex| ues would be divided by |Ex| or |Ey|, whichever is greater.

This option is only available if you have selected the E Field Field (Component or Total) as the quantity to plot.


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