1

saqarTvelos sajaro moxeleTa profesiuli SesaZleblobebis zrda

gadawyvetilebis miRebasa da molaparakebebis warmarTvis teqnikaSi

CAPACITY-BUILDING OF THE GEORGIAN LEADERSHIP COMMUNITY FOR IMPROVED DECISION-MAKING AND NEGOTIATION SKILLS

winamdebare gamocemaSi warmodgenili politikis dokumentebi

Seiqmna proeqtis _ `saqarTvelos sajaro moxeleTa profesiuli

SesaZleblobebis zrda gadawyvetilebis miRebasa da

molaparakebebis warmarTvis teqnikaSi~ _ farglebSi. yvela

dokuments Tan axlavs reziume inglisur enaze, sadac mokled aris

gadmocemuli ZiriTadi daskvnebi.

The Public Policy Paper Series includes policy documents developed within

the Capacity-Building of the Georgian Leadership Community (CBGL)

project. The English-language version of each policy paper summary can

be found at the end of the publication.

proeqti xorcieldeba SvedeTis saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos finansuri mxardaWeriT

The Project is funded by the Swedish International Development

Agency

2

samecniero xelmZRvanelebi: arCil gegeSiZe vladimer papava aleqsandre rondeli

Mentors: Archil Gegeshidze

Vladimer Papava

Alexander Rondeli

redaqtori: rusudan margiSvili

Editor: Rusudan Margishvili

teqnikuri redaqtori: artem meliq-nubarovi

Technical Editor: Artem Melik-Nubarov

saavtoro uflebebi daculia da ekuTvnis saqarTvelos strategiisa da saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis

kvlevis fonds. werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe wignis arc erTi nawili ar SeiZleba gadaibeWdos nebismieri, maT Soris, eleqtronuli an meqanikuri formiT.

© saqarTvelos strategiisa da saerTaSoriso urTierTobaTa kvlevis fondi 2012 weli

All rights reserved and belong to Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies. No part of this publication may be

reproduced in any form, including electronic and mechanical, without the prior written permission of the publisher

Copyright © 2012 Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies

3

proeqtis Sesaxeb

programa ,,saqarTvelos sajaro moxeleTa profesiuli SesaZleblobebis zrda gadawyvetilebdaexmaros saqarTvelos mTavrobas marTvis sferoSi arsebuli problemebis daZlevaSi. proeqti iTvaliswinebs saSualo rgolis sajaro moxeleTa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis warmomadgenelTa CarTvas politikis SemuSavebisa da molaparakebis warmarTvis teqnikis dasaxvew praqtikul mecadineobebSi. es mecadineobebi moicavs ara marto Tanamedrove midgomebis danergvas qarTul sajaro administraciasa da sajaro politikaSi, aramed saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis sakiTxebze sajaro politikis dokumentebis SemuSavebas. proeqti aseve xels Seuwyobs qarTvel sajaro moxeleTaTvis marTvis Tanamedrove midgomebis Sesaxeb codnis, praqtikisa da unarebis gacnobas.

programas afinansebs SvedeTis saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagento (SIDA) da axorcielebs saqarTvelos strategiisa da saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis kvlevis fondi (GFSIS). am proeqtis farglebSi GFSIS-is ZiriTadi partniorebi arian SvedeTis sajaro

administraciis instituti (SIPU International) da estoneTis diplomatiis skola (EDK).

programa xels uwyobs sajaro mmarTvelobis kulturis Camoyalibebas, romelic aris angariSvaldebuli da iTvaliswinebs qarTuli sazogadoebis saWiroebebs. garda amisa, programa miznad isaxavs gadawyvetilebis miRebis sferoSi qarTuli mmarTvelobis SesaZleblobebis gaZlierebas, rom gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesi gaxdes ufro gamWvirvale da iyos moqnili garemoebaTa cvlilebis Sesabamisad. programa aseve moicavs saqarTvelos saxelmwifo seqtorebsa da organizaciebs Soris TanamSromlobis gaumjobesebas da saxelmwifo moxeleTa SesaZleblobebis gazrdas, raTa saqarTvelo ukeT warmoCndes saerTaSoriso doneze sxva saxelmwifoebTan Tu saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan urTierTobisas.

programa xorcieldeba oTxi wlis manZilze (2009-2013 ww.) da Sedgeba Semdegi oTxi komponentisgan:

sajaro moxeleTa profesiuli momzadeba politikis analizisa da molaparakebebis teqnikaSi. konkursis gziT SerCeul qarTvel sajaro moxeleebs qarTveli, estoneli da Svedi eqspertebi eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi utareben mecadineobas sajaro politikis analizisa da molaparakebis teqnikis Sesaswavlad. amasTan, monawileebi SeimuSaveben politikis dokuments qveynisaTvis aqtualur sakiTxebze. am procesSi maT xelmZRvaneloben GFSIS-is eqspertebi. politikis dokumentebis dasrulebis Semdeg xdeba maTi sajaro ganxilva da xuTi saukeTeso naSromi gamoicema. programis am komponents asrulebs saswavlo-gacnobiTi viziti estoneTSi. programis farglebSi swavlebis kurss gaivlis sajaro moxeleTa xuTi jgufi/nakadi. TiToeul jgufSi aris daaxloebiT ocdaxuTi monawile.

trenerTa momzadebis (ToT) komponentis farglebSi qarTveli specialistebi qarTul enaze SeimuSaveben saswavlo programebsa da saswavlo masalebs sajaro administraciis, molaparakebis teqnikis, genderisa da mravalferovnebis, xarjTsargeblianobis, proeqtis marTvisa da Sefasebis sferoebSi. programis bolo ori nakadisTvis swavleba qarTul enaze tardeba.

adamianuri resursebis marTvis komponenti moicavs qarTul sajaro samsaxurSi adamianuri resursebis marTvaSi CarTul profesionalTa Soris Tanamedrove praqtikis danergvis xelSewyobas. am komponentis meore amocanaa adamianuri resursebis marTvis sferoSi maRalkvalificiuri swavlebisaTvis adgilobrivi SesaZleblobebis gazrda.

sajaro politikis qseli miznad isaxavs sajaro politikis sferoSi samTavrobo struqturebis warmomadgenlebsa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebas Soris aqtiur TanamSromlobas da informaciis gaziarebas proeqtis vebgverdisa da kursdamTavrebulTa prfesiuli qselis Camoyalibebis gziT.

4

ABOUT THE PROJECT

―Capacity-building of the Georgian Leadership Community for Improved Decision-making and

Negotiation Skills‖ is designed to assist the Georgian government in addressing its governance

challenges. This multi-component initiative aims to introduce and reinforce modern management skill

sets, proficiency and practice among Georgian public officials. The project engages directly with

middle level public servants and civil-society representatives through practical in-service training in

policy development and negotiation techniques. Apart modernization of the Georgian public

administration and public policymaking, the project activities seek to deliver actionable policy

documents on the issues of national importance. The project activities and the policy initiatives will

be consistent with and supportive of principles of gender and diversity equality.

The program is funded by the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA). The Georgian

Foundation for Strategic and International Studies (GFSIS), along with its principal partners - the

Swedish Institute for Public Administration (SIPU International) and the Estonian School of

Diplomacy (ESD), is the main implementer of the program.

The program will promote a likeminded leadership culture that is accountable and oriented to meeting

the needs of the Georgian society. Furthermore, the program aims at strengthening the Georgian

government capacity in decision-making, as well as increasing its transparency and flexibility in

responding to the changing circumstances. In addition, this initiative intends to improve

organizational cooperation among the Georgian public sectors and the country’s interaction with other

states and international organizations.

The program, which will be implemented during four years (2009 – 2013), includes the following

components:

Training for government officials in policy and negotiation techniques - Selected Georgian public

servants will complete an eight-month intensive training program in public administration, policy

planning and negotiation techniques. The training will be conducted by Georgian, Swedish and

Estonian experts. Furthermore, under the guidance of GFSIS mentors, the participants will work on

the issues pertinent to the country development policy. The training will be followed by a public

discussion of the policy papers and a study visit to Estonia. The best five papers will be published in

Georgian and in English. There will be five training groups in total with approximately 25

participants in each group.

The training of trainers (ToT) component - Through the project's training of trainers (ToT)

component, Georgian professionals will develop the Policy and Negotiations Training Program

curriculum and teaching materials in Georgian. Topics covered under this training include Public

Administration, Public Policy Planning, Negotiation Techniques, Gender and Diversity, Cost Benefit

Analysis, Project Management/Change Management and Program Evaluation. Under the project

framework, professional training programs will be implemented in the above listed fields for Georgian

government employees and civil society representatives in the Georgian language.

Professional development training for HR managers - The project's HR component aims to provide

knowledge in modern Human Resources Management (HRM) practices among Georgian HR-

managers within line ministries and other governmental agencies. A second objective of the

component is to build domestic capacity to deliver high quality training in HRM.

A knowledge and resource sharing component - This component is aimed to promote greater

communication, knowledge sharing, consultation and collaboration among public-policy stakeholders

across the Government of Georgia and civil society through establishing a project's website and

organizing number of alumni retreats.

25

sareabilitacio programebis xelmisawvdomobis gazrda

qali msjavrdebulebisTvis

anton qelbaqiani

sasjelaRsrulebis departamentis #11 arasrulwlovanTa specialuri dawesebulebis direqtori

saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciis da iuridiuli daxmarebis sakiTxTa saministro

r e z i u m e

sareabilitacio programebis deficiti saqarTvelos penitenciur sistemaSi, maT

Soris qalTa dawesebulebaSi, erT-erTi mTavari problemaa Tanamedrove penitenciuri

sistemis Camoyalibebis gzaze. am deficitis gamo penitenciuri sistema ver asrulebs

sasjelis ZiriTad funqcias _ msjavrdebulis resocializacias. garda amisa,

sareabilitacio programebis simcire qmnis problemebs dawesebulebis Sida

menejmentis, gansakuTrebiT, usafrTxoebis sistemis marTvis TvalsazrisiTac.

aucilebelia im problemebis Zieba, rac xels uSlis am procesis organizebas, da maTi

mogvarebis alternatiuli gzebis dasaxva. kvlevis dros unda Sefasdes penitenciuri

sistemis ganviTarebis ukanaskneli wlebi da sworad unda moxdes ganvlili procesis

analizi, aseve _ evropuli qveynebis gamocdilebis gaazreba da misi misadageba arsebul

realobasTan. kvlevis Sedegad Camoyalibebuli rekomendaciebi miscems saSulebas

gadawyvetilebis mimReb pirebs am problemis gadaWra swrafad da efeqturad moaxdinon.

S e s a v a l i

sazogadoebis usafrTxoebis dacva saxelwifos erT-erTi umTavresi movaleobaa.

am mizniT saxelmwifo ayalibebs iseT institutebs, rogoric aris policia, sasamarTlo

sistema, sasjelaRsrulebis sistema da a.S. sazogadoebis usafrTxoebis dacva,

upirveles yovlisa, xorcieldeba prevenciuli RonisZiebebis gatarebiT, romelic unda

moicavdes rogorc zogadad danaSaulis, aseve ganmeorebiTi danaSaulis prevencias.

2008 wlis 13 dekembers saqarTvelos prezidentis N591-e brZanebulebiT Seiqmna

sisxlis samarTlis reformis uwyebaTaSorisi sakoordinacio sabWoTPTP

43PTPT. am sabWom SeimuSava

sisxlis samarTlis reformis strategia TPTP

44PTPT, romlis Semadgeneli nawilia

sasjelaRsrulebis sistemis reforma. sasjelaRsrulebis sistemis reformis strategiis

erT-erTi ZiriTadi mimarTulebaa patimarTa pirobebis gaumjobeseba, romelic Tavisi

SinaarsiT moicavs rogorc infrastruqturis, ise patimarTa sayofacxovrebo pirobebis

TPTP

43PTPTsaqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba N591, 2008 wlis 13 dekemberi, ix.:

https://www.matsne.gov.ge/index.php?option=com_ldmssearch&view=docView&id=104050

TPTP

44PTPT 2009 wlis sisxlis samarTlis sistemis reformis strategia, ix.:

http://www.justice.gov.ge/files/strategy.pdf

26

gaumjobesebas, saganmanaTleblo da sareabilitacio programebis xelmisawvdomobis

gazrdas da a.S.

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis Tanaxmad, `sasjelis mizania

samarTlianobis aRdena, axali danaSaulis Tavidan acileba da damnaSavis

resocializacia~.TPTP

45PTPT

damnaSavis resocializacia aris sasjelis umTavresi mizani, misi efeqturad

ganxorcielebis gareSe SeuZlebelia ganmeorebiTi danaSaulis prevencia, xolo

prevenciis gareSe SeuZlebelia sazogadoebis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa. garda amisa,

damnaSavis resocializaciis gareSe miuRweveli rCeba sasjelis sxva miznebi

(samarTlianobis aRdgena, axali danaSaulis Tavidan acileba).

resocializaciis miRweva SesaZlebelia mxolod msjavrdebulis CarTviT

konkretul sareabilitacio programebSi. amiT unda moxdes im riskebis Semcireba, ris

gamoc es adamianebi kanonTan konfliqtSi aRmoCndnen.

saqarTvelos penitenciur sistemaSi bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi gadaidga

garkveuli nabijebi sareabilitacio programebis danergvis mizniT, magram am etapze

sakmaod rTulia yvela kategoriis msjavrdebulisTvis amis xelmisawvdomobis

uzrunvelyofa. yvelaze swori midgoma aris am procesis etapobrivi ganviTareba da

sawyis etapze garkveul mimarTulebebze aqcentis gakeTeba. sareabilitacio programebis

mniSvneloba da misi roli xazgasmulia sxvadasxva saxis saerTaSoriso dokumentebSi TPTP

46PTPT,

xolo saqarTvelos penitenciur sistemaSi arsebuli deficitis aRmofxvris Taobaze

araerTi rekomendacia yofila adgilobrivi TPTP

47PTPT da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis

mxridan.TPTP

48PTPT

adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso kanonmdebloba da standartebi patimrebs hyofs

kategoriebad da ganasxvavebs maT mimarT midgomebs. calke standartebia

arasrulwlovaniTPTP

49PTPT, qaliTPTP

50PTPT, uvado TavisuflebaaRkveTili TPTP

51PTPT, ucxo qveynis moqalaqeTPTP

52PTPT da

TPTP

45PTPT saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, kari III, Tavi X, muxli 39(1), ix.:

https://www.matsne.gov.ge/index.php?option=com_ldmssearch&view=docView&id=16426

TPTP

46PTPT evrosabWos 2006 wlis rekomendacia cixis evropuli wesebis Sesaxeb, ix.:

https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=955747

TPTP

47PTPT saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis 2011 wlis angariSi adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa

dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi, gv. 324. TPTP

48PTPT wamebis prevenciis evropuli komitetis 2010 wlis angariSi, paragrafebi: 82, 109, 133, ix.:

http://www.cpt.coe.int/documents/geo/2010-27-inf-eng.pdf TPTP

49PTPTgaeros minimaluri standartuli wesebi arasrulwlovanTa mimarT marTlmsajulebis

ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb (`pekinuri wesebi~), ix.: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/beijingrules.htm

TPTP

50PTPT gaeros wesebi qal patimrebTan mimarTebiT (`bankokis wesebi~), ix.:

http://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/docs/2010/res%202010-16.pdf

TPTP

51PTPTevrosabWos 2003 wlis N23 rekomendacia cixis administraciis mier uvado da grZelvadian

patimrebTan mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT, https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=75267&Site=CM&BackColorInternet=C3C3C3&BackColorIntranet=EDB021&Ba

ckColorLogged=F5D383

TPTP

52PTPT evrosabWos rekomendacia No.R(84) 12, ucxo qveynis moqalaqeebis Sesaxeb, ix.:

https://wcd.coe.int/com.instranet.InstraServlet?command=com.instranet.CmdBlobGet&InstranetImage=603781&SecM

ode=1&DocId=682798&Usage=2

27

sxva kategoriis patimrebis mimarT. es standartebi Camoyalibebulia rogorc

evrosabWos, aseve gaeros Sesabamisi organoebis mier miRebul dokumentebSi.

bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos penitenciur sistemaSi gadaidga pirveli

nabijebi iseTi mowyvladi jgufebisaTvis gankuTvnili sareabilitacio programebis

ganviTarebis mimarTulebiT, rogoric arian arasrulwlovani da qali msjavrdebulebi.

aRsaniSnavia, rom qali msjavrdebulebisaTvis arsebobs sxvadasxva saxis sareabilitacio

programa, Tumca maTi raodenoba sakmaod mcirea.

dReisaTvis saqarTvelos penitenciur sistemaSi sasjels ixdis daaxloebiT 1000

msjavrdebuli qali, rac patimarTa saerTo raodenobis daaxloebiT 4,5 procentia. es

cifri ar aRemateba evropuli qveynebis saSualo maCvenebels. TPTP

53PTPT sxvadasxva saxis

sareabilitacio programebSi, dawesebulebaSi CarTulia 200-mde msjavrdebuli, rac qal

msjavrdebulTa saerTo raodenobis daaxloebiT 20 procentia.

Cveni kvlevis mizania gamoiZebnos gzebi sareabilitacio programebis

ganviTarebisaTvis da yvela qal msjavrdebuls mieces SesaZlebloba CaerTos sxvadasxva

saxis programaSi; aseve _ rom sareabilitacio procesma ufro struqturirebuli da

gamarTuli saxe miiRos. es mogvcems SesaZleblobas gavaumjobesoT rogorc

penitenciuri sistemis Sida usafrTxoebis sistema, aseve SevZloT ganmeorebiTi

danaSaulis prevencia, rac, zogadad, win gadadgmuli nabiji iqneba sazogadoebis

usafrTxoebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT.

kvelevis dros gamoyenebuli iqneba saerTaSoriso standartebi qal patimrebTan

dakavSirebiT, evropuli qveynebis saukeTeso gamocdileba, statistikuri monacemebi,

adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis angariSebi da rekomendaciebi, danaxarji-

efeqtianobis analizi. gaanalizebuli iqneba politikuri da ekonomikuri xasiaTis

riskebi, ramac SesaZloa am procesis efeqturad ganxorcilebas SeuSalos xeli.

p r o b l e m i s a R w e r a

vardebis revoluciis Semdeg saqarTvelos penitenciur sistemaSi sxvadasxva saxis

reformebis gatareba daiwyo. gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia organizebul danaSaulTan

brZola, patimarTa sayofacxovrebo pirobebis gaumjobeseba (rac gamoixateba,

ZiriTadad, infrastruqturis gaumjobesebaSi _ gaixsna 13 axali dawesebuleba), kvebis

xarisxis gaumjobeseba, statikuri da dinamikuri usafrTxoebis sistemis zogierTi

elementis Camoyalibeba da a.S.

pirvel rigSi saxelmwifos amocanas warmoadgenda yvela patimrisTvis normaluri

sayofacxovrebo pirobebis Seqmna, kvebis xarisxis gaumjobeseba da usafrTxoebis dacva.

TPTP

53PTPT qali patimrebi _ evrosabWos wliuri statistika wevri qveynebis sasjelaRsrulebis sistemis

Sesaxeb (SPACE I statistics), 2010 weli, seqtemberi, gv, 74, ix.: http://www3.unil.ch/wpmu/space/files/2011/02/SPACE-1_2010_English.pdf

28

swored am mimarTulebiT moxda bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi ZiriTadi resursebis

mobilizeba.

marTalia, sareabilitacio programebis ganviTarebis mimarTulebiT bolo

wlebis ganmavlobaSi aqcenti ufro iseTi mowyvladi jgufebis mimarT gakeTda, rogoric

arian qali da arasrulwlovani msjavrdebulebi, magram es nabijebi ar aris sakmarisi da

ar pasuxobs sasjelis ZiriTad amocanebs.

rogorc ukve aRiniSna, sasjelis erT-erTi umTavresi mizani aris damnaSavis

resocializacia, xolo sareabilitacio programebis organizebis gareSe SeuZlebelia am

miznis miRweva. amJamad qali msjavrdebulebis daaxloebiT 20 procents aqvs

SesaZlebloba CaerTos sxvadasxva saxis sareabilitacio programaSi, ris gamoc ver

xerxdeba umravlesobis (daaxloebiT 80%) resocializacia da sazogadoebaSi

umtkivneulo integracia. aqve gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom am etapze sareabilitacio

procesi ar aris standartizebuli da struqturirebuli da amitom imis Sefaseba, Tu

ramdenad xdeba im msjavrdebulebis reabilitacia, romlebic am etapze garkveulwilad

CarTuli arian sareabilitacio programebSi, sakmaod rTulia.

organizebul danaSaulTan warsulSi arsebuli sakmaod didi problemebis gamo

reformis mimdinareobisas Zalian didi yuradReba daeTmo usafrTxoebis sistemis

gaumjobesebas. usafrTxoebis Tanamedrove sistema gulisxmobs, rogorc ukve aRiniSna,

statikur (axali infrastruqtura, videokontrolis sistema, metalodeteqtorebi da

a.S.) da dinamikur usafrTxoebas (operatiul-samZebro saqmianoba, dawesebulebis

reJimis kontroli, riskebisa da saWiroebebis Sefaseba, piris saWiroebebze dafuZnebiT

sareabilitacio programebSi CarTva, individualuri midgoma da a.S.). dinamikuri

usafrTxoeba penitenciuri sistemis xelmZRvanelobam mxolod SezRudulad gaigo da

reformis mimdinareobisas ZiriTadi aqcentebi gakeTda mxolod operatiul-samZebro

saqmianobis da reJimis kontrolis gaumjobesebis mimarTulebiT, rac, rasakvirvelia,

TavisTavad Zalze mniSvnelovania, magram aseTi saxis sistemis mxolod am meTodebiT

marTva Seicavs risks adamianis uflebebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT.

organizebul danaSaulTan brZolis dawyebamde penitenciuri sistemis marTvis

ormagi korufciuli mmarTveloba arsebobda. kerZod, sistemas marTavdnen e.w

erToblivad. Sida usafrTxoebis sistemis regulirebas administraciasTan SeTanxmebiT

axorcielebdnen kriminaluri avtoritetebi da am procesSi arsebobda, bunebrivia,

orive mxaris korufciuli interesi. organizebul danaSaulTan brZolis dawyebis

Semdeg da mas Semdeg, rac am marginaluri elementebis CamoSoreba moxda, sistemis

marTva Tavidan bolomde gadavida penitenciuri dawesebulebis administraciis xelSi,

rac pozitiur nabijad unda CaiTvalos.

penitenciuri sistemis xelmZRvanelobas ar hqonda penitenciuri sistemis marTvis

Tanamedrove unarebi da saSualebebi (samwuxarod, amis gamosasworeblad arc SemdgomSi

gadadgmula nabijebi) da sistemis marTva am reformis ganxorcilebis pirveli

29

etapidanve represiuli meTodebis gamoyenebiT xdeboda. garda amisa, SemgomSi

penitenciur sistemaSi organizebuli danaSaulis damarcxeba saxelmwifom warmatebulad

aRiara (maRali Tanamdebobis pirebma amis Taobaze araerTi sajaro gancxadeba gaakeTes),

ris gamoc usafrToebis sistemis marTvis es forma penitenciuri sistemis

xelmZRvanelobam aRiqva warmatebulad, romelsac mxars uWerda saxelmwifo. aseTi saxis

midgomebma

rogorc ukve aRiniSna, msjavrdebulTa CarTva sareabilitacio programebSi

amcirebs im riskebs, ris gamoc es adamiani kanonTan konfliqtSi aRmoCnda da xels

uwyobs mis resocializaciasa da sazogadoebaSi srulyofil wevrad integracias. aqedan

gamomdinare, sareabilitacio programebis organizeba dawesebulebebSi, msjavrdebulTa

CarTva aseTi saxis programebSi mniSvnelovania sazogadoebis usafrTxoebis

uzrunvelyofis mxrivac.

garda amisa, sareabilitacio programebi aris dawesebulebis dinamikuri

usafrTxoebis Semadgeneli nawili, vinaidan aseTi saxis programebSi CarTviT mcirdeba

msjavrdebulTa danaSaulebrivi qceva, isini iZenen pozitiur unarebs, ris gamoc

dawesebulebis usafrTxoebis sistema advilad regulirebadi xdeba.

samwuxarod, reformebis mimdinareobisas sareabilitacio programebi, rogorc

dinamikuri usafrTxoebis Semadgeneli nawili, penitenciuri sistemis xelmZRvanelobam,

Sesabamisi gamocdilebis arqonisa da saxelmwifos araswori politikis gamo, ver gaigo

sworad, ris Sedegadac sxva saxis usafrTxoebis RonisZiebebisgan gansxvavebiT, am

mimarTulebaze naklebi aqcenti gakeTda. 2006 wlis Semdeg infrastuqturis

ganviTarebaSi saxelmwifom daxarja daaxloebiT 150 mln. lari, xolo sareabilitacio

programebis organizebisTvis _ daaxloebiT 70 aTasi lari (aq igulisxmeba rogorc

infrastruqtura, aseve sxva RonisZiebebi).

Tanamedrove infrastuqtura TavisTavad uzrunvelyofs statikuri usafrToebis

sistemis gaumjobesebas, kerZod, penitenciur dawesebulebebSi saknis tipis sadgomebis

Camoyalibeba (adre arsebobda barakuli sacxovreblebi), eleqtronuli kontrolis gare

da Sida sistemis Seqmna da a.S.

amgvari RonisZiebebi mniSvnelovania Tanamedrove penitenciuri sistemis

CamoyalibebisTvis, Tumca statikuri da dinamikuri sistemis sxvadasxva komponentebs

Soris saxelmwifos mier ganawilebuli resursebi araproporciulia.

amasTan, unda aRiniSnos, rom miuxedavad gadadgmuli nabijebisa,

infrastruqturis ganviTareba arasworad iyo dagegmili. dRes arsebuli

infrastruqtura ar iZleva arc sareabilitacio programebis organizebis, arc

msjavrdebulTa dawesebulebaSi riskjgufebad ganawilebis SesaZleblobas, rac

mniSvnelovania maTi reabilitaciis, usafrTxoebis dacvis da dawesebulebis efeqturad

marTvis TvalsazrisiT.

penitenciuri sistemis reformireba gardamaval periodSi mimdinareobda.

vardebis revoluciamde sistemis marTva sabWoTa periodSi arsebuli meTodebiT

30

xorcieldeboda. sistema ar iyo orientirebuli msjavrdebulTa reabilitaciaze da,

Sesabamisad, ar arsebobda arc saTanado samsaxurebi da arc Sesabamisi kvalifikaciis

pirebi, visac aRniSnuli procesi unda waremarTa.

socialuri samsaxuri penitenciur sistemaSi Camoyalibda 1999 wlis bolos, mas

Semdeg, rac penitenciuri departamenti, evrosabWos da sxva saerTaSoriso

organizaciebis rekomendaciiT, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros daqvemdebarebidan

iusticiis saministros daqvemdebarebaSi gadavida.

miuxedavad imisa, rom socialuri samsaxuri aris mTavari struqturuli erTeuli

penitenciur sistemaSi da misi movaleobaa sareabilitacio programebis organizeba

dawesebulebebSi, dResdReobiT igi ver asrulebs Tavis ZiriTad funqciebs. amis mizezia

arakvalificiuri adamianiseuli resursebi fsiqologis da socialuri muSakis

Tanamdebobebze (socialuri samsaxuris struqturaSi arian fsiqologebi da socialuri

muSakebi) da aseve samarTlebrivad ar aris Camoyalibebuli socialuri muSakis,

fsiqologis da sxva mosamsaxureTa Tanamdebobaze daniSvnis mkafio kriteriumebi da

funqciuri uflebamovaleobebi. isic unda aRiniSnos, rom socialuri muSakis profesia

qveyanaSi yovelTvis deficituri iyo.

zemoaRniSnuli problemebi, dakavSirebuli adamianiseul resursebTan,

infrastruqturasTan da dinamikuri usafrTxoebis Tanamedrove gagebasTan,

damaxasiaTebelia qalTa dawesebulebisTvis.

aucilebelia moiZebnos alternatiuli gzebi qalTa xuT dawesebulebaSi

sareabilitacio programebis ganviTarebis mizniT, yvela zemoaRniSnuli problemis

gaTvaliswinebiT.

p r o b l e m i s g a d a W r i s g z e b i

( a l t e r n a t i v e b i )

qalTa dawesebulebaSi sareabilitacio programebis organizebisaTvis aucilebelia

Zireuli cvlilebebi. am problemebis gaTvaliswinebiT, pirvel rigSi warmovadgenT im

nabijebs, rac aucilebelia miznis misaRwevad, xolo Semdeg _ im alternativebs, Tu ra

gziT iqneba SesaZlebeli am nabijebis gadadgma.

upirveles yovlisa aucilebelia dawesebulebis debulebis modificireba da

mosamsaxureTa funqciuri ufleba-movaleobebis imgvarad Camoyalibeba, rom

sareabilitacio procesis organizeba warimarTos Tanmimdevrulad da iyos samarTlebriv

CarCoebSi moqceuli.

amJamad qalTa dawesebulebaSi muSaobs saxelmwifos mier daqiravebuli eqvsi

socialuri muSaki da erTi fsiqologi da maT amocanas warmoadgens daaxloebiT aTasi

msjavrdebuli qalisaTvis sareabilitacio programebis organizeba. rasakvirvelia,

kadrebis aseTi simciris gamo SeuZlebelia yvela msjavrdebulis CarTva am procesSi. erT

31

socialur muSakze modis daaxloebiT 170 msjavrdebuli, xolo erTaderT fsiqologze _

500.

garda imisa, rom aucilebelia socialuri muSakis da fsiqologis funqciuri

ufleba-movaleobebis axleburad Camoyalibeba, aseve saWiroa mosamsaxureTa raodenobis

gazrdac. dawesebulebas unda daematos eqvsi fsiqologi da eqvsi socialuri muSaki, ris

Sedegadac saerTo raodenoba iqneba Svidi fsiqologi da 12 socialuri muSaki. erT

fsiqologs saSualeba eqneba imuSaos daaxloebiT 140 msjavrdebulTan, xolo erT

socialur muSaks _ daaxloebiT 80 msjavrdebulTan. TanamSromelTa es raodenoba,

dawesebulebis mTlian raodenobasTan mimarTebiT, Seesabameba evropis qveynebis

penitenciur dawesebulebebSi arsebul saSualo maCvenebels da SesaZleblobas mogvcems

sareabilitacio programaSi CavrToT yvela piri.

modificirebuli debulebis da funqciuri ufleba-movaleobebis safuZvelze unda

Camoyalibdes treningmodulebi. axali modulebi unda Seicavdes mosamsaxureTa zogadi

unarebis gaRrmavebas, msjavrdebulTa Sefasebis da maT mimarT individualuri gegmis

Sedgenis unarebis gamomuSavebas, msjavrdebulTa gaTavisuflebisaTvis mzadebis process

da sareabilitacio procesis organizebisaTvis saWiro sxva mniSvnelovan komponentebs.

aseve unda SemuSavdes specialuri instrumentebi (riskebisa da saWiroebebis

Sefasebis, individualuri gegmis formati da a.S.), risi saSualebiTac SeZleben

mosamsaxureebi sareabilitacio procesis efeqturad organizebas.

modificirebuli debulebis, funqciuri ufleba-movaleobebis, axali

instrumentebisa da treningmodulebis gamoyenebiT moxdeba dawesebulebis

TanamSromelTa gadamzadeba. gadamzadeba unda gaiaron rogorc socialurma muSakebma da

fsiqologebma, ise dawesebulebis sxva mosamsaxureebma, Tumca gansxvavebuli modulebiT,

im saWiroebidan da funqciuri ufleba-movaleobebidan gamomdinare, rac axali

debulebiT ganisazRvreba.

sareabilitacio programebs sWirdeba sivrce, sadac am procesis organizeba

ganxorcieldeba. amJamad qalTa dawesebulebaSi aris mcire infrastruqturuli

SesaZleblobebi (daaxloebiT 424 kv.m.), sadac mimdinareobs sxvadasxva saxis

sareabilitacio programa. magram es sivrce ar aris sakmarisi, rom sareabilitacio

programebSi yvela msjavrdebulis CarTva moxerxdes. qalTa dawesebulebaSi aris imis

SesaZlebloba, rom infrastruqtura gaumjobesdes da am mizniT saWiroa dawesebulebis

teritoriaze arsebuli sivrceebis aTviseba. infrastruqturis mowyoba, aRWurva da

Semdgomi sareabilitacio procesis organizeba SesaZlebelia daaxloebiT 1126 kv.m.TPTP

54PTPT

teritoriaze (dawesebuleba amis SesaZleblobas iZleva).

personalis damateba, dawesebulebis debulebis modificireba, specialuri

instrumentebis SemuSaveba, treningmodulebis SemuSaveba, personalis gadamzadeba,

TPTP

54PTPT dawesebulebis TanamSromlebi _ evrosabWos wliuri statistika wevri qveynebis

sasjelaRsrulebis sistemis Sesaxeb (SPACE I statistics), 2010 weli, seqtemberi, gv. 147, http://www3.unil.ch/wpmu/space/space-i/annual-reports/

32

infrastruqturis gaumjobeseba _ yvela es nabiji aris aucilebeli, rom SesaZlebeli

gaxdes sareabilitacio procesis yvela qali msjavrdebulisaTvis organizeba.

arsebobs alternativebi, Tu ra gziT, ra vadaSi da ra resursebiT aris

SesaZlebeli am miznis miRweva.

alternativa 1. saxelmwifos asprocentiani monawileoba

dReisaTvis sareabilitacio procesis organizebaSi qalTa dawesebulebis

TanamSromlebi (ZiriTadad fsiqologi da socialuri muSakebi) garkveuli doziT arian

CarTuli, magram mxolod mcire jgufTan (daaxloebiT 200 msjavrdebulTan).

konkretulad Camoyalibebuli funqciuri ufleba-movaleobebis ararsebobis gamo

fsiqologebi da socialuri muSakebi iseT davalebebsac asruleben, rac ar warmoadgens

maT ZiriTad funqciebs. am procesSi dResdReobiT ufro didi doziT monawileoben

sferoSi moRvawe saerTaSoriso da adgilobrivi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi (SemdgomSi

_ arasamTavrobo seqtori), rac sakmaod pozitiurad unda Sefasdes. Zalian

mniSvnelovania arasamTavrobo seqtoris CarTuloba am procesSi, Tumca es unda iyos

droebiTi procesi da sabolood saxelmwifom unda aiRos pasuxismgebloba

kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli yvela valdebulebis Sesrulebaze.

warmodgenili RonisZiebebi mniSvnelovania, rom moxdes mTlianad procesis

institucionalizacia da is ufro mdgradi gaxdes. saxelmwifos sruli CarTuloba qal

msjavrdebulTa sareabilitacio procesSi, Sedegis TvalsazrisiT, aris yvelaze

efeqturi, radgan biujetis sworad Sedgenis SemTxvevaSi ar iqneba damokidebuli

alternatiuli resursebis moZiebaze da procesi srulad moeqceva penitenciuri sistemis

reformis saxelmwifos erTian politikaSi. es midgoma unda aisaxos penitenciuri sistemis

reformis erTian strategiaSi da logikuri iqneba gaiweros 2-wliani vadiT (2013-2014

wlebi).

aRsaniSnavia, rom am procesSi saxelmwifos mTlianad monawileobas sakmaod didi

resursebi dasWirdeba (ix. danaxarjebis analizi). miuxedavad imisa, rom am amocanis

ganxorcieleba 2 wlis vadiT unda gaiweros, lobireba, rom es Tanxebi srulad aisaxos

saxelmwifo biujetSi, sakmaod rTuli iqneba, yvela im gamowvevis gaTvaliswinebiT, rac

dRes saxelmwifos aqvs. garda amisa, unda iTqvas, rom amJamad kvalificiuri, Tanamedrove

midgomebis mcodne adamianiseuli resursebis sakmaod didi deficitia ara marto dabal

rgolSi, aramed menejmentis donezec. yovelive es ki zrdis procesis arasworad

warmarTvis risks.

gasaTvaliswinebelia aseve 2012-2013 wlebSi saqarTveloSi arsebuli saarCevno

cikli, rac sabiujeto saxsrebis ganawilebis process araprognozirebadad aqcevs.

alternativa 2. arasamTavrobo seqtoris asprocentiani monawileoba

bolo wlebSi saqarTvelos penitenciur sistemaSi, sareabilitacio programebis

mxardaWeris kuTxiT, aqtiurad aris CarTuli arasamTavrobo seqtori. isini iyvnen da

33

arian sareabilitacio procesis ZiriTadi ganmaxorcieleblebi da yovelTvis iCendnen da

iCenen interess am procesis mimarT. aqedan gamomdinare, erT-erTi alternativaa, rom

arasamTavrobo seqtorTan TanamSromlobis gziT moxerxdes am procesis

ganxorcielebisaTvis aucilebeli resursebis mozidva da am RonisZiebebis etapobrivad

ganxorcieleba. am organizaciebs aqvT sferoSi moRvaweobis sakmaod did gamocdileba da

kompetencia, isini intensiur monitorings uweven yvela im RonisZiebas, romelsac mxari

dauWires, rac Sedegis miRwevis maRal garantias warmoadgens.

marTalia, bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi sakmaod maRali iyo sareabilitacio

programebis organizebis mimarT arasamTavrobo seqtoris mxardaWera, magram es

mxardaWera mxolod teqnikuri daxmarebiT Semoifargleboda (eqspertuli daxmareba,

modulebis SemuSaveba, treningebi da a.S.). garda amisa, es organizaciebi, nebismieri

procesis mxardaWerisas, umetes SemTxvevaSi, sTxoven saxelmwifos, rom Tavis Tavze aiRos

procesis marTva da moxdes etapobrivi institucionalizacia. amrigad, Tu saxelmwifo am

mimarTulebiT wava, arasamTavrobo seqtoris mxardaWera gamoyenebuli iqneba erTiani

mdgradi sistemis CamoyalibebisaTvis, ris Semdegac saxelmwifo aiRebs procesis

gaZRolis srul valdebulebas. es unda iyos saboloo mizani. sasurvelia arasamTavrobo

seqtorma Semdgom periodSic SeinaCunos am procesis monitoringis funqcia.

arasamTavrobo seqtoris mciredi mxardaWera aseve iyo infrastruqturis

ganviTarebis mimarTulebiTac.

meore alternativa gvaZlevs SesaZleblobas mTlianad daizogos saxelmwifo

resursebi, xolo organizaciebis mier ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebis monitoringis

Sedegad procesi iqneba ufro gamWvirvale, rac Sedegebzec aisaxeba. imis

gaTvaliswinebiT, rom am organizaciebis mxridan sakmarisi finansuri resursebis mozidva

ufro rTul amocanas warmoadgens, vidre sabiujeto saxsrebis moZieba (politikuri nebis

arsebobisas), logikuri iqneba miznis miRweva 3-wliani vadiT ganisazRvros (2013-2015

wlebi). es midgoma asaxuli unda iyos penitenciuri sistemis reformis erTian

strategiaSi.

aqve unda aRvniSnoT, rom arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobis principebidan

gamomdinare, sakmaod rTuli iqneba yvela komponentisaTvis Sesabamisi resursebis moZieba.

alternativa 3. saxelmwifos da arasamTavrobo seqtoris Tanamonawileoba

sakmaod did problemas warmoadgens yvela komponentisaTvis Sesabamisi resursebis

mxolod erTi seqtoridan moZieba. amasTan, rTuli amocanaa yvela komponentis

dasafinanseblad saxelmwifos Tu arasamTavrobo seqtoris darwmuneba.

bolo wlebis praqtika gviCvenebs, rom sareabilitacio programebis ganviTarebaSi

erTdroulad CarTuli iyo rogorc saxelmwifos, ise arasamTavrobo seqtoris resursebi.

sakmaod kargad iyo organizebuli maT Soris TanamSromloba, ramac mciredi, magram

garkveuli Sedegi gamoiRo.

34

zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, sareabilitacio procesis organizebisaTvis yvelaze

efeqturi gza aris saxelmwifos da arasamTavrobo seqtoris Tanamonawileoba rogorc

finansuri resursebis mobilizebis, ise saeqsperto daxmarebisa da procesis monitoringis

mxriv.

am alternativis Sedegad SesaZlebeli iqneba daizogos sabiujeto saxsrebi, rac

ufro gaaadvilebs gadawyvetilebis mimReb pirTa darwmunebas, rom Tanxebi nawilobriv

aisaxos saxelmwifo biujetSi.

amasTan, rodesac ikveTeba saxelmwifos mzadyofna da monawileoba reformis

mimdinareobisas, ufro advilia arasamTavrobo seqtoris darwmuneba, rom gaxdes am

procesis Tanamonawile. aseve gasaTvaliswinebelia is faqtoric, rom, rogorc ukve

aRiniSna, arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobis principebidan gamomdinare, maTTvis

sakmaod rTuli iqneba yvela komponentisaTvis Sesabamisi dafinansebis moZieba.

am alternativis ganxorcieleba SesaZlebelia 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi (2013-2014 ww.),

Tumca aqac mxedvelobaSia misaRebi qveyanaSi arsebuli sxva gamowvevebi, zogadad

sabiujeto saxsrebis mozidvis sirTule da saqarTveloSi 2012-2013 wlebSi mimdinare

saarCevno cikli, rac sabiujeto saxsrebis ganawilebis process araprognozirebads xdis.

es midgomac unda iyos asaxuli penitenciuri sistemis reformis erTian strategiaSi.

meore alternativis msgavsad, Tu saxelmwifo gaakeTebs arCevans am mimarTulebiT,

arasamTavrobo seqtoris mxardaWera gamoyenebuli iqneba erTiani mdgradi sistemis

CamoyalibebisaTvis, ris Semdegac saxelmwifo am procesis gaZRolis valdebulebas

sruliad ikisrebs, rac saboloo mizans unda warmoadgendes.

rogorc ukve aRiniSna, sasurvelia arasamTavrobo seqtorma Semdgom periodSic

SeinaCunos am procesis monitoringis funqcia.

mosalodneli Sedegebis qvemoT warmodgenil matricasa da danaxarjebis tabulaSi

gamoyenebulia informacia penitenciur sistemaSi, analogiur sferoebSi gaweuli

danaxarjebis Sesaxeb, rogoricaa, magaliTad:

penitenciur dawesebulebebSi socialuri muSakis da fsiqologis yovelTviuri

xelfasi Seadgens 960 lars;

infrasturqturis gaumjobeseba penitenciur sistemaSi, ganxorcielebuli

proeqtebis Sesabamisad, daaxloebiT aris 1kv.m _ 630 lari;

aRWurvilobis danaxarjebis Sedgenisas gamoyenebulia informacia

sasjelaRsrulebis departamentis Sesyidvebis samsaxuris mier ganxorcielebuli

analogiuri Sesyidvebis monacemebidan;

debulebis modificirebis, treningmodulebis, treningebis danaxarjebis Sedgenisas

gamoyenebulia sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis saswavlo centris analogiuri

saqmianobis xarjebi.

35

danaxarjebis tabula

ingredientebi mTliani danaxarji (larSi)

personali 276 480

Senoba-nageboba 700 000

aRWurviloba 50 000

debulebis modificireba 1000

treningmodulebi 3600

personalis treningebi 6400

specialuri instrumentebi 3000

danaxarji-ingredientebis jami 1 040 480

saxelmwifos monawileoba 513 240

arasamTavrobo seqtoris monawileoba 527 240

alternativebis saerTo mizans warmoadgens yvela msjavrdebuli qalis CarTva

sareabilitacio programebSi. saerTo jamSi, danaxarjebi yvela alternativisTvis

erTnairia, Tumca sami alternatividan oris ganxorcielebis vada ganisazRvra 2 wliT,

xolo mesame alternativisa _ 3 wliT. penitenciur sistemaSi qali msjavrdebulebisTvis

arsebuli sareabilitacio programebis miwodebis simciris gamo sasurvelia rac

SeiZleba mokle vadebSi gansaxorcielebeli sareabilitacio programebis SemoReba.

aqedan gamomdinare, pirveli da mesame alternativa ufro efeqturia Sedegis droulad

miRwevis TvalsazrisiT. isic gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom resursebis 3 weliwadze

gadanawilebis SemTxvevaSi, ufro advili iqneba Sesabamisi resursebis yovelwliurad

mozidva.

rogorc ukve iTqva, pirveli da mesame alternativis ganxorcieleba

gaTvaliswinebulia 2 wlis vadiT, Tumca resursebis mozidvis wyaro aris sxvadasxva.

saxelmwifos asprocentian monawileobas sakmaod dadebiTi faqtorebi aqvs. magaliTad,

saxelmwifo reformis sawyisi etapidanve erTveba procesSi, romlis ganxorcielebac

momavalSi isedac misi pasuxismgebloba unda iyos. am alternativas aqvs uaryofiTi

mxareebic. pirvel rigSi, Zalian rTuli iqneba saxelmwifos mxridan resursebis 100

procentiT mobilizeba da meore _ reformis ganxorcieleba partniorebis, upirveles

yovlisa, am sferoSi moRvawe saerTaSoriso da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

CarTulobis gareSe, rac zrdis am reformis warumateblobis risks, radgan, rogorc

ukve aRiniSna, penitenciuri sistemis SigniT Tanamedrove usafrTxoebis sistemis

gagebasTan dakavSirebiT garkveuli deficiti arsebobs.

36

arasamTavrobo seqtors am sferoSi maRali kompetencia aqvs, maTi Tanamonawileoba da

zedamxedveloba gamWirvales gaxdis reformis process da iqneba efeqturi yvela

RonisZiebis swori mimarTulebiT warmarTvisaTvis. evropul qveynebSi araerTgvarovania

arasamTavrobo seqtoris roli da funqciebi penitenciuri sistemis marTvaSi

sareabilitacio servisebis miwodebis mxriv.

gvxvdeba qveynebi, sadac saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi arsebuli struqturebi

axorcieleben yvela saxis sareabilitacio servisis miwodebas (mag. CexeTis respublika);

arsebobs zogierTi qveynis gamocdileba, sadac saxelmwifo, kvalificiuri

adamianiseuli resursebis ararsebobis gamo, arasamTavrobo seqtoridan yidulobs

garkveul servisebs (mag. niderlandis samefo); aseve arsebobs praqtika, rodesac

saxelmwifos TanxmobiT arasamTavrobo seqtori sakuTari saqmianobis farglebSi

axorcielebs sxvadasxva saxis sareabilitacio programas (mag.: germaniis federaciuli

respublikis zogierTi federaciuli erTeuli).

Zneli saTqmelia, zemoT aRniSnuli romeli mimarTulebaa saukeTeso gza.

upirveles yovlisa, es damokidebulia konkretuli qveynis penitenciur sistemaze,

ganviTarebis doneze, qveyanaSi arsebul sisxlis samarTlis politikaze da yvela

gamowvevaze, ris winaSec dganan saxelmwifoebi penitenciuri sistemis reformirebisas.

saqarTveloSi arsebuli gamowvevebis gaTvaliswinebiT, problemis gadaWris

saukeTeso alternativaa reformis ganxorcielebis procesSi saxelmwifos da

arasamTavrobo seqtoris Tanamonawileoba (alternativa 3.). am alternativis

ganxorcielebis Sedegad nawilobriv izogeba saxelmwifo resursebi (rogorc ukve

aRiniSna saxelmwifos mxridan 100-procentiani monawileoba rTuli iqneboda) da am

procesSi erTveba arasamTavrobo seqtori, romelic garda finansuri mxardaWerisa,

dadebiT rols Seasrulebs reformis swori gziT warmarTvaSi, eqpertuli daxmarebis,

procesis monitoringis da gamWvirvalobis uzrunvelyofis gziT.

yovelives gaTvaliswinebiT, qvemoT warmodgenilia alternativebis Sefasebis 5-

baliani pirobiTi sistema, sadac alternativebi Sefasebulia yvela zemoaRniSnuli

argumentis da informaciis safuZvelze.

sayuradReboa is faqtic, rom radgan amJamad TiTqmis yvela seqtorSi dgas

adamianiseul resursebTan dakavSirebuli problemebi, arasamTavrobo seqtorTan

TanamSromloba Seamcirebs procesis arasworad ganviTarebis risks da mogvcems

SesaZleblobas, rom saboloo etapisTvis Seiqmnas kvalificiuri adamianiseuli

resursebis baza.

37

mosalodneli Sedegebis matrica

alternativa ganxorcielebis vadebi (Tveebi)

mTliani danaxarji

(3 weli/larSi)

danaxarji weliwadSi (larSi)

dainteresebuli pirebis

kmayofileba

saxelmwifos

100%-iani

monawileoba

24 1 040 480 520 240 4

arasamTavrobo

seqtoris 100%-

iani monawileoba

36 1 040 480 346 827 3

saxelmwifos da

arasamTavrobo

seqtoris

Tanamonawileoba

24 1 040 480 520 240 5

r e k o m e n d a c i e b i

1. sisxlis samarTlis reformis uwyebaTaSorisi sakoordinacio sabWos

penitenciuri samuSao jgufis Sexvedris/Sexvedrebis organizeba, sadac mowveuli

iqnebian am sferoSi moRvawe arasamTavrobo seqtoris da donori organizaciebis

warmomadgenlebi;

2. politikis dokumentis gansaxilvelad wardgena sabWoze da saukeTeso

alternativis dasabuTeba;

3. politikis dokumentis ganxilvis da sabWos wevrebis mowonebis Semdeg saukeTeso

alternativis ganxorcielebis samoqmedo gegmis SemuSaveba, sadac ganisazRvreba

rogorc saxelmwifos, ise arasamTavrobo seqtoris roli;

4. politikis dokumentisa da mis safuZvelze SemuSavebuli samoqmedo gegmis

ganxilva, damtkiceba da misi asaxva sisxlis samarTlis reformis strategiasa da

samoqmedo gegmaSi;

5. sisxlis samarTlis reformis uwyebaTaSorisi sakoordinacio sabWos

penitenciuri samuSao jgufis farglebSi patara jgufis Camoyalibeba, romelic

samoqmedo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebul aqtivobebis Sesrulebaze yovelTviur

monitorings ganaxorcielebs.

38

d a s k v n a

msjavrdebulTa sareabilitacio programebis organizeba aris erTaderTi swori

mimarTuleba Tanamedrove penitenciuri sistemis Camoyalibebis gzaze, xolo

Tanamedrove penitenciuri sistema aris sazogadoebis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofis

mniSvnelovani rgoli. zemoT warmodgenili problemis gadaWrisaTvis didi mniSvneloba

aqvs rogorc am sakiTxis sworad mitanas arasamTavrobo seqtoramde, rom SemdgomSi

aqtiurad CaerTos procesSi, ise gadawyvetilebis mimReb politikuri Tanamdebobis

pirTa darwmunebas, rom es arCevani aris erTaderTi swori gadawyvetileba. swored

pirvel etapzea saWiro, rom am mimarTulebebiT gadaidgas nabijebi, rac aseve aris

Camoyalibebuli Cven mier warmodgenil rekomendaciebSi.

g a m o y e n e b u l i l i t e r a t u r a

1. 2009 wlis sisxlis samarTlis sistemis reformis strategia, http://www.justice.gov.ge/files/strategy.pdf

2. gaeros minimaluri standartuli wesebi arasrulwlovanTa mimarT marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb (`pekinuri wesebi~), http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/beijingrules.htm

3. gaeros wesebi qal patimrebTan mimarTebaSi (`bankokis wesebi~), http://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/docs/2010/res%202010-16.pdf

4. dawesebulebis TanamSromlebi _ evrosabWos wliuri statistika wevri qveynebis sasjelaRsrulebis sistemis Sesaxeb, (SPACE I statistics), 2010 weli, seqtemberi, http://www3.unil.ch/wpmu/space/space-i/annual-reports/

5. evrosabWos 2003 wlis N23 rekomendacia cixis administraciis mier uvado da grZelvadian patimrebTan mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT, https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=75267&Site=CM&BackColorInternet=C3C3C3&BackColorIntr

anet=EDB021&BackColorLogged=F5D383 6. evrosabWos 2006 wlis rekomendacia cixis evropuli wesebis Sesaxeb,

https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=955747

7. evrosabWos rekomendacia No. R (84) 12, ucxo qveynis moqalaqeebis Sesaxeb, https://wcd.coe.int/com.instranet.InstraServlet?command=com.instranet.CmdBlobGet&InstranetIma

ge=603781&SecMode=1&DocId=682798&Usage=2 8. saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba 591, 2008 wlis 13 dekemberi,

https://www.matsne.gov.ge/index.php?option=com_ldmssearch&view=docView&id=104050 9. saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis 2011 wlis angariSi adamianis uflebaTa da

TavisuflebaTa dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi. aq ar unda weli da a.S?

10. saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, weli? https://www.matsne.gov.ge/index.php?option=com_ldmssearch&view=docView&id=16426

11. qali patimrebi _ evrosabWos wliuri statistika wevri qveynebis sasjelaRsrulebis sistemis Sesaxeb (SPACE I statistics), 2010 weli, seqtemberi, http://www3.unil.ch/wpmu/space/files/2011/02/SPACE-1_2010_English.pdf

12. wamebis prevenciis evropuli komitetis 2010 wlis angariSi, paragrafebi, http://www.cpt.coe.int/documents/geo/2010-27-inf-eng.pdf

100

Anton Kelbakiani

Head of N11 Juvenile’s Special Establishment

Ministry of Corrections and Legal Assistance of Georgia

Increasing the Availability of Rehabilitation Programmes

for Women Convicts

S U M M A R Y

The public policy document, Increasing the Availability of Rehabilitation Programmes for Women

Convicts, focuses upon one of the principal impediments on the way to the development of a

modern penitentiary system – a lack of rehabilitation programmes in the Georgian penal system,

including in women’s establishments. Due to this deficit, the penitentiary system cannot perform

its primary function of the resocialisation of convicts. Moreover, the scarcity of rehabilitation

programmes also results in problems in internal management, particularly in terms of the security

system management. It is essential to locate and identify problems in order to organise this process

and outline alternative ways of resolving the issue. During the study, the recent years of the

development of the penal system should be assessed and the traversed process properly analysed. It

is also necessary to understand the experience of European countries and apply it to the current

reality. Recommendations developed as a result of the study will allow decision-makers to resolve

the problem rapidly and effectively.