The HolocaustGhettosFinal Solution“Work will set you free”Nuremburg TrialsTokyo Trials

Persecution of Jewish People• Hitler Youth and League

of German Maidens- Teaching how and who to

hate to the younger generation

- Teaching gender roles for ethnically pure Germans

• Destroying a people and culture

- Massive book burnings of Jewish, Communist, Black, or any other undesirable authors

Persecution of Jewish People• Kristallnacht Nov 9

1938- Government encouraged- Nazi mobs attack Jewish

public spaces and people- Night of Broken Glass

• Nuremburg Laws- Restricted Jewish rights- Forced Jewish people to

wear the Star of David

Warsaw Ghetto Poland• October 12, 1940 decree

required all Jewish residents of Warsaw to move into a designated area

- enclosed by a wall that was over 10 feet high, topped with barbed wire, and closely guarded to prevent movement between the ghetto and the rest of Warsaw.

- over 400,000 people - German authorities forced

ghetto residents to live in an area of 1.3 square miles, with an average of 7.2 persons per room.

Warsaw Ghetto Liquidation• July 22 until September 12,

1942, German SS deported 265, 000 Jewish people from the Warsaw ghetto to the Treblinka killing center.

- they killed approximately 35,000 inside the ghetto during the operation.

Led to the Warsaw uprising Jan 1943 in resistance to deportations

- April 19, 1943, The SS deported 42,000 to concentration camps. At least 7,000 Jewish people died in the ghetto, while the SS and police sent another 7,000 to the Treblinka killing center.

The Final Solution•This was the Nazis final plan to eliminate

all Jewish people in Europe• It was an evolving process- Deportation and Separation - killing squads - Euthanasia of disabled - Gassing Trucks -Carbon Monoxide - Gas Chambers - to Zyclon B

Auschwitz• Hitler ordered all

Jewish people and “undesirables” to be shipped to concentration and extermination camps

- Auschwitz 1 million people killed

Auschwitz•“Work will set you

free”•Upon arrival- Two lines, one to the

Extermination camp, one to the concentration camp

- Shaved heads, stripped of clothing, families separated

Arrived by Train

Murder and Experimentation•Joseph Mengele- Nazi doctor who

performed horrific experiments at Auschwitz

- Obsessed with twins- Wanted to see how

much the human body could handle before dying

Zyclon B- Gas Chambers

Final Solution•By 1945 the Nazis

had murdered 6 Million Jewish people

•Also “undesirables”

- 5 million Roman Slavs (Gypsies), soviet POWs, Communists, and anyone else deemed inferior in German views

Did the Allies Know?• Allies knew about

concentration camps but deny knowing the extent of the horror

- Yet planes flew over Auschwitz and trains photographed

•Liberated by the Red Army 1945

Nuremburg Trials• 1945 the Allies

established the International Military Tribunal in Nuremburg

- Prosecute Nazi leaders and others for war crimes

- 12 sentenced to death- Most leaders in hiding

(South America) - Excuse only taking orders- Hitler committed suicide

in Berlin Bunker before capture

Tokyo Trials•Trial to prosecute Japanese War Crimes

- POWs experienced mass killings, experimentation, famine, torture, and forced labour

- Camps in China