UNIT 3 THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES

1. Economic growth in the High Middle Ages(12-13 Centuries)

Keypoints in your summary1.- What were the High

Middle Ages?• Economy

• Society and goverment• Culture

2. Improvements in agriculture:• Three year/field crop rotation

• Heavy plough• Irrigation

• Windmills and watermills

+ PRODUCTION, LESS FAMINE Better health,

population growth

HOW TO DESCRIBE A POPULATION GRAPH

1. Divide time in periodos of 50 years.

2. Start form the beginning describing

how it is the growth and calculate the

growth

3. Describe the next a compare with the

previous one and so on

4. Do a general comment of the graph

5. Explain the causes that may explain

the growth

Some vocabulary you can use: The increase/decrease is: significant, strong, slow, great, steady, quick, slight, exponential

FROM 42 TO 73 MILLIONS1000-1300

ACTIVITIES 1,2 & 3 Pg: 46

1. Economic growth in the High Middle Ages(12-13 Centuries)

3.- TRADE AND EARLY BANKING• Why did trade increased?• Activity: complete the table

LINKS

IMPORTS

EXPORTS

The Mediterranean Route The Atlantic Route

DEFINE• TRADE FAIRS• CREDIT• BILLS OF EXCHANGE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVPpKf23eMY

KEY VOCABULARY POINT 1• Silk• Amber• Fur• Wax • Tin

• Leather

WATERMILL IN MÉRIDA

2.- The Growth of Cities New cities were founded, often along trade routes or at crossroadsThere were three main reasons for the growth of cities:

1. Agricultural innovations reduced the need for farm workers, yet the population continued to rise. Consequently, there were many unemployed farm workers in the countryside.

2. Other peasants went to live in cities to escape serfdom. Peasants who lived in a city for one year were freed from their obligations as serfs.

3. Merchants settled in cities for the protection provided by the city walls.

Medieval cities were usually small, and only big cities had more than 50,000 inhabitants.

Urban Society There were great differences between city inhabitants:

1. The elite was made up of wealthy merchants and artisans, who gradually became known as the bourgeoisie. A group of wealthy families usually controlled the city government.

2. Most people were modest artisans and shopkeepers, house servants and students. 3. There were also poor people who did not have jobs. They had to beg or even steal

to survive.

A large majority of the population was Christian. In religions that had Jewish and Muslim minorities these groups lived in separate neighborhoods. The Jews lived in a Jewish quarter, and the Muslims lived in a Moorish quarter.

The City Charter Cities rapidly became dynamic centers or religious, political and economic activity.

Some cities were built on land that was controlled by a feudal lord. This meant they were still under the lord’s jurisdiction.

As a result, the city inhabitants fought to gain the right to govern themselves.

When they were successful, the king granted them a charter or fuero. This was a legal document that established self-government for a city, and specified its rights and privileges.

The City Hall or Council Each city had its own government. Originally this consisted of an assembly of all the townspeople.

As the population grew, a city hall or council was formed.

This was made up of councilors and headed by a mayor.

Over time, the most prestigious and wealthy families took control of the council. The council managed several aspects of city life, such as security and defense, tax collection, maintenance of the walls, and management of schools and hospitals.

Can you guess where this City Hall is located?

Medieval Cities Review 1. What were the 3 main reasons for the growth of cities?

2. What was the area called that Muslims lived in?

3. What did it mean if a city was built on land that was controlled by a feudal lord?

4. If a city gained the right to govern themselves, the king granted them a _________.

5. As the population in a city grew, what was formed?

6. Who ended up taking control of the city council?

7. Define:a) Charter/fuerob) City hall/Council

3.-Life in Medieval Cities Medieval cities were surrounded by high walls, whose gates were closed at night.

The main buildings were the cathedral, the city hall, and palaces. There were also covered markets, hospitals and schools.

Streets were narrow and crowded. The market square was a large open space where farmers and merchants sold their products. The square was also used for entertainment, festivals and executions.

Cities were very unhealthy. People threw their rubbish in the street, and domestic animals moved freely. All this made disease widespread. In addition, there were frequent fires because houses were made of wood.

The Medieval City Using the image on page 50 of your textbook:

1. What were the main buildings in a medieval city?

2. How was the market square used?

3. Imagine you are walking down a medieval street. Share what you see, hear and smell.

4. What was outside the city walls?

ArtisansIn the Middle Ages, most products were made by hand or using simple tools. The people who made them were called artisans. Each artisan specialized in a certain product, such as shoes, clothes, bread, furniture, or weapons. They made and sold their products in small workshops, which where in their houses. There were three stages in becoming an artisan:

1. Apprentices worked for a master artisan for no salary, learning the new trade. They lived in the artisan’s house, and were given food and clothes.

2. Journeymen were young men who worked for different salaries, and received a salary.

3. Masters were the owners of the workshop and tools.

Guilds Artisans of the same trade formed craft guilds together.

Guilds had strict control over their trade:Only guild members could make and sell their products in the city. Members accepted a statute, which specified the rules of the trade. Guilds controlled production. They distributed raw materials, limited the number of workers and

checked quality and prices. They protected their members from competition from unqualified artisans.

Guilds were not just professional associations: They looked after sick members and protected them from poverty. If a member died, the guild looked after his wife and children. Women were not usually

members of guilds, but some widows tool their husband’s place.

Compare: Medieval Cities vs. Cities Today

Cities today Medieval Cities

Both

Medieval Population The graph on the following page shows the estimated populations of five European cities around the year 1300. The cities are Paris, France; Florence, Italy; Modena, Italy; York, England; Nuremberg, Germany; and Cologne, Germany. Use the graph to answer the questions.

Medieval Population 1. How many times greater was the population of Paris than that of York? _______________ times greater.

2. What mode is represented by the population figures on the graph? _______________

3. What is the range? _______________

4. What is the average population of the six cities? _______________

Medieval Population

Answers:

1. 15

2. 20,000

3. 140,000

4. 55,000

Medieval Madness What was life like in a Medieval City?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VuvLGtZRDbs

ACTIVITIES POINT 4• Act 1 pag 52

• Act 4 and did you know? Activity Pg: 53

ACTIVITIES POINT 5• 1,2, 3 & 4 Pg: 54

ALNWICK CASTLE: HOGWARTS?

CASTILLO DE COCA

COMPLETE WITH: place, one battle/event, date of building.

BAMBURGH CASTLE Vs PEÑAFIEL

JOAN OF ARCH ACTIVITY:WEBPAGE YOU MUST USE TO COMPLETE ACTIVITY 4 Pg 54:

• http://www.ducksters.com/biography/women_leaders/joan_of_arc.php

• http://mrnussbaum.com/joan-of-arc/

• http://primaryfacts.com/1165/joan-of-arc-facts-and-information-about-th

e-maid-of-orleans

/

• http://study.com/academy/lesson/joan-of-arc-lesson-for-kids-facts-

biography.html

THE CRISIS OF THE LATE MIDDLE AGES