The Healthy Aging Challenge.The Healthy Aging Challenge.I Dare I Dare YaYa to Take It to Take It I Dare I Dare YaYa to Take It ... to Take It ...

So You Can Go Live Your Life So You Can Go Live Your Life Y O i P i l Y O i P i lto Your Optimum Potentialto Your Optimum Potential

Dr. Judy-Lynn Richards, Cert. EM.Associate ProfessorDepartment of Sociology and AnthropologyDepartment of Sociology and AnthropologyUniversity of Prince Edward Island

Health PEI AGM, November 19, 2014

Road MapRoad MapRoad MapRoad Map

Healthy aging definitiony g g

Why the healthy aging movement?

Three models of healthy aging

WHO and health equity

The Healthy Aging Challenge

Defining Healthy Aging: Defining Healthy Aging: In Their Own WordsIn Their Own Words

Reaching your Reaching your optimum potential!p p

Sources: Bryant, Corbett, and Kuttner 2001; Hans-Werner, Iwarsson, and Oswald, 2012; WHO 2002; 2011

Attitude at 100 Years of AgeAttitude at 100 Years of AgeAttitude at 100 Years of Age...Attitude at 100 Years of Age...

Flexibility Flexibility Flexibility ...Flexibility ...

Personal Resources Personal Resources Personal Resources ...Personal Resources ...

Mayor Retires at Retires at Age 93!!!!

Material Resources Material Resources Material Resources ...Material Resources ...

Material Resources Material Resources Material Resources ...Material Resources ...

Sharing Love Sharing Love Sharing Love ...Sharing Love ...

Weightlifing at 72 years Weightlifing at 72 years Weightlifing at 72 years ...Weightlifing at 72 years ...

Sources: Haddow 2013

Reading Together Reading Together Reading Together ....Reading Together ....

Governing Canada Governing Canada Governing Canada ...Governing Canada ...

Health of Seniors on PEIHealth of Seniors on PEIHealth of Seniors on PEIHealth of Seniors on PEI

PEI has 60 % excellent + very goody g

Compared to people your own age Compared to people your own age, how is your health? Excellent Excellent Very Good 80 – 90% of 65+ GoodGood Fair Poor

Sources: Morrison 2014; Richards and Wrankaduwa 2008

Why Healthy Why Healthy Aging?Aging?Why Healthy Why Healthy Aging?Aging?

1. Population Trends1. Population Trendsa. Nationally 1:4 people will be 65+ 1:4 people will be 65+ 80+ fastest growing population

1/3 f 80+ → di bilit li it ti 1/3 of 80+ →  disability or limitation Mid-70s → comorbidities

Sources: Government of Canada, 2006; PEI Government 2008; Statistics Canada, 2014

Why Why Healthy Aging Healthy Aging in PEI?in PEI?Why Why Healthy Aging Healthy Aging in PEI?in PEI?

b. Provincallyy In 6 years, 1:5 people will be 65+ In 11 years, 1:4y , In 20 years, 1:3

• Now, 26,200 Islanders 65+• In 11 years 36 000In 11 years, 36,000

Sources: Government of Canada, 2006; PEI Government 2008; Bonnell 2014; Policy Research Initiative Office 2003; Statistics Canada, 2014

PEI’s Population ProjectionsPEI’s Population ProjectionsPEI s Population ProjectionsPEI s Population Projections

30

35

20

25

30

Popu

latio

n

10

15

2050 - 6465 Plus

enta

ge o

f P

0

5

10

Perc

e

11 YEARS

02010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Years

Source: Adapted from Morrison 2014; Statistics Canada 2007 and 2014

Current Life ExpectancyCurrent Life ExpectancyCurrent Life ExpectancyCurrent Life ExpectancyLife Tables: 84-537-X

Region At birth At Age 65Males Females Males Females

Canada 79.33 83.60 83.82 86.73PEI 78.15 82.90 82.95 85.96

B.C. 80.25 84.40 84.65 87.32N na t 68 75 73 91 79 55 80 39Nunavut 68.75 73.91 79.55 80.39

Source: Statistics Canada 2014

Should We Promote Healthy Aging?Should We Promote Healthy Aging?Should We Promote Healthy Aging?Should We Promote Healthy Aging?

Creating a Society for Healthy AgingCreating a Society for Healthy AgingCreating a Society for Healthy AgingCreating a Society for Healthy Aging

New culture with older adults New culture with older adults more welcome in community!!

Roles are recognized

Breaking down myths

Sources: Harvard Aging 2014

Creating a Society for Healthy AgingCreating a Society for Healthy AgingCreating a Society for Healthy AgingCreating a Society for Healthy Aging

New conversations about seniors’ New conversations about seniors health

A different health care system• non communicable and chronic diseases• non-communicable and chronic diseases

• START seeing seniors as able and • START seeing seniors as able and capable

Sources: Harvard Aging 2014

Healthy Aging Is Everyone’s IssueHealthy Aging Is Everyone’s IssueHealthy Aging Is Everyone s IssueHealthy Aging Is Everyone s IssuePremiere Ghiz Premiere’s Task Force on AgingPremiere s Task Force on Aging Healthcare Innovation Working Group

Minister Dochertyy Senior’s Secretariat Pan-Canadian Reference Group

Minister Currie Living a Healthy Life Program Corpus Sanchez Integrated Health System

A R Ascent Report

Nationally 1 000+ Age friendly Communities 1,000+ Age-friendly Communities

Sources: Bonnell 2014; PEI Health 2014; Community Services and Seniors 2014

Who’s In On Healthy Aging?Who’s In On Healthy Aging?

What Determines Healthy Aging?What Determines Healthy Aging?What Determines Healthy Aging?What Determines Healthy Aging?

3 M i M d l3 Main Models1. Respect the health you havep y2. Resiliences3 F t lik h i d ti 3. Factors like housing, education,

income, etcetera

Sources: WHO 2011; 2013

11 SalutoSalutogenic Modelgenic Model11. . SalutoSalutogenic Modelgenic ModelImportant AspectsImportant Aspects

• Saluto = to pay respect to

• The cause of your “health” vs. the f “di ”cause of “disease”

• Strategies to keep your current• Strategies to keep your current health; attain better health

Sources: Antonovsky 1979; Bronikowski & Brownikowska 2009; Eriksson and Lindström 2006

Salutogenic Model: IndividualSalutogenic Model: Individualgg

Health Dis--Ease Ease

What strategies do you use to What strategies do you use to move along the continuum?

Salutogenic: Salutogenic: How to Preserve Your HealthHow to Preserve Your Health

1. Understand your world

2. Motivated

3. Ability to respond

Sources: Lezwijn et al 2011

Salutogenic: Using Your ResourcesSalutogenic: Using Your ResourcesSalutogenic: Using Your ResourcesSalutogenic: Using Your Resources

• Community• Social networks (e.g., family,church)• Formal supports (e g home care)Formal supports (e.g.,home care)• Environment (e.g., home)

P lit• Personality• Coping mechanisms

Sources: Lezwijn et al 2011

2 Resilience Model2 Resilience Model2. Resilience Model2. Resilience Model

Th bili d i The ability to overcome adversity toward a positive outcome

Incremental and process-based

Depends on the contextDepends on the context

Sources: Bonnano 2004; Kinsel, 2005; Lewis and Harrell 2002: 279; Moore & Stratton 2003; Wagnild & Collins 2009

Types of ResilienceTypes of ResilienceTypes of ResilienceTypes of Resilience

Physical resiliencePhysical resilienceSocial resilienceEmotional resilienceEnvironmental resilienceEnvironmental resiliencePsychological resilience

3 Social Determinants of Health3 Social Determinants of Health3. Social Determinants of Health3. Social Determinants of Health

Factors that affect your healthy• Income• HousingHousing• Employment• Education• Education• Gender• Social Support Networks• Health Services, etc.

Sources: WHO 2011, 2013

SDH and HealthSDH and HealthSDH and HealthSDH and Health

Who has better health?Who has better health?• Middle to higher incomeO th i h• Own their own homes

• Formally-educated• White-collar workers, e.g., Manager

Sources: Pekka Martikainen, Elina Nihtila, and Heta Moustgaard 2008; WHO 2011, 2013

The Three ModelsThe Three ModelsThe Three ModelsThe Three Models

Individual and context-based◦ Salutogenic◦ ResilienceResilience

Structure of Society Structure of Society◦ Social Determinants of Health

SDH, Health Equity, & Healthy AgingSDH, Health Equity, & Healthy AgingSDH, Health Equity, & Healthy AgingSDH, Health Equity, & Healthy Aging

• Health Equity → when all have a fair Health Equity → when all have a fair shot at being healthy

• when we fix avoidable differences• e.g., variations on supportive housingg , pp g

• we can all be good and healthyg y

Sources: WHO 2013

WHO Calls for Change with SDHWHO Calls for Change with SDHWHO Calls for Change with SDHWHO Calls for Change with SDH

Housingg Income Education Education Occupation

E l d ( F T P T ) Employed (e.g., F-T, P-T, not)

Sources: WHO 2013

PrePre--mature Institutionalizationmature InstitutionalizationPrePre mature Institutionalizationmature Institutionalization

$58, 000Source: Lum, Ruff, and Willams 2005; Miller and Weissert, 2000; Mikkonen and Raphael,

2010; Richards et al 2008

Where to Promote Healthy Aging?Where to Promote Healthy Aging?Where to Promote Healthy Aging?Where to Promote Healthy Aging?

Spending on older people is a waste of p g p presources!!

Now 2,600 x $58,000 = $150,800,000

11 Yrs 3,650 x $58,000 = $211,700,000Savings 1,050 x $58,000 = $60,900,000Savings 1,050 x $58,000 $60,900,000

Sources: Phelan, Link, Diez-Roux, Kawachi, and Levin 2004

Where to Promote Healthy Aging?Where to Promote Healthy Aging?Where to Promote Healthy Aging?Where to Promote Healthy Aging?

Healthy living is for ALL Islandersy g

We spend 10x amount on children We spend 10x amount on children than we spend on seniors

Seniors do NOT over use community ysupports

Sources: Phelan, Link, Diez-Roux, Kawachi, and Levin 2004

Seniors Want Healthy AgingSeniors Want Healthy AgingSeniors Want Healthy AgingSeniors Want Healthy Aging

Do something meaningfulo something meaningfulBe someone meaningful

Balance between abilities & challengesg

Support from appropriate external resourcesresources

Source: ASHRA Project 2009; Bryant et al. 2001; Richards et al 2008

Healthy Aging ChallengeHealthy Aging ChallengeHealthy Aging ChallengeHealthy Aging Challenge

I Dare Ya to ...I Dare Ya to ...• do healthy aging better• recognize resilience• respect healthp• change the culture • commit more to factors influencing • commit more to factors influencing health

Intergenerational Sharing Intergenerational Sharing Intergenerational Sharing ...Intergenerational Sharing ...

Playing Music Across the Ages Playing Music Across the Ages Playing Music Across the Ages ....Playing Music Across the Ages ....

Great, Great Grandmother, Trapper, Great, Great Grandmother, Trapper, Carpenter ...Carpenter ...

In her 90sIn her 90s

Sources: CBC, 2013

Rockclimbing Rockclimbing Rockclimbing ...Rockclimbing ...

Loving Each Other Loving Each Other Loving Each Other ...Loving Each Other ...

Thank you!!Thank you!!

Questions?

Email: jlrichards@upei caEmail: jlrichards@upei.ca