The Cold War
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The Cold War The Cold War
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The Cold War. What was the “Cold” War?. Intense political rivalry and mistrust between the U.S. and the Soviet Union No physical fighting between the 2 countries Various “satellite” wars (Korea, Vietnam) as the U.S. instituted its containment policy. Yalta Conference. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of The Cold War
The Cold WarThe Cold War
What was the “Cold” War?What was the “Cold” War? Intense political rivalry and mistrust Intense political rivalry and mistrust
between the U.S. and the Soviet between the U.S. and the Soviet UnionUnion
No physical fighting between the 2 No physical fighting between the 2 countriescountries
Various “satellite” wars (Korea, Various “satellite” wars (Korea, Vietnam) as the U.S. instituted its Vietnam) as the U.S. instituted its containment policycontainment policy
Yalta ConferenceYalta Conference February 1945: FDR, February 1945: FDR,
Churchill and Stalin Churchill and Stalin planned for division of planned for division of GermanyGermany
Germany divided into four Germany divided into four occupation zonesoccupation zones• East: Soviet UnionEast: Soviet Union• West: France, Britain, West: France, Britain,
and U.S.and U.S.• Berlin, the capital Berlin, the capital
countriescountries
Marshall PlanMarshall Plan June 1948June 1948 Helped European Helped European
nations reconstruct nations reconstruct their citiestheir cities
Provided economic Provided economic aid and vital aid and vital suppliessupplies
Central to policy of Central to policy of containmentcontainment
Berlin BlockadeBerlin Blockade June 24, 1948June 24, 1948 Attempt by Joseph Attempt by Joseph
Stalin to stop aid to Stalin to stop aid to BerlinBerlin
U.S. responded with U.S. responded with the Berlin Airlift, the Berlin Airlift, dropping supplies dropping supplies into the city from into the city from planesplanes
Germany officially Germany officially became 2 countries became 2 countries in 1949in 1949
The Containment PolicyThe Containment Policy American diplomat American diplomat
George Kennan George Kennan proposed a foreign proposed a foreign policy of containmentpolicy of containment
The Truman Doctrine The Truman Doctrine expanded the policy expanded the policy of containment by of containment by stating the U.S. would stating the U.S. would send aid to countries send aid to countries wanting democracywanting democracy
McCarthyismMcCarthyism Senator Joseph Senator Joseph
McCarthy led a political McCarthy led a political hunt for communist hunt for communist infiltrators in Americainfiltrators in America
Targeted people in Targeted people in every walk of life, every walk of life, including the military.including the military.
Ruined reputations of Ruined reputations of many people through many people through “blacklisting.”“blacklisting.”
Senate censured Senate censured McCarthy in 1954 for McCarthy in 1954 for unbecoming behavior.unbecoming behavior.
Race for SpaceRace for Space
Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first satellite in space Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first satellite in space in 1957in 1957
America followed with Explorer I in 1958America followed with Explorer I in 1958 Yuri Gagarin in the Soviet Union was the first to orbit Yuri Gagarin in the Soviet Union was the first to orbit
space in 1961space in 1961 John Glenn of the U.S. followed in 1963John Glenn of the U.S. followed in 1963
North Atlantic Treaty North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)Organization (NATO)
April 1949April 1949 Mutual defense pact Mutual defense pact
against Soviet aggressionagainst Soviet aggression Soviet Union and other Soviet Union and other
Communist government Communist government in Eastern Europe in Eastern Europe created the Warsaw Pact created the Warsaw Pact (1955)(1955)• Defense alliance against Defense alliance against
Western countriesWestern countries• Divided Europe into Divided Europe into
military camps and Soviet military camps and Soviet satellitessatellites
Original Member NationsOriginal Member Nations
Current Member NationsCurrent Member Nations
The U.S. and the Cold WarThe U.S. and the Cold War Korean War; U.S. led effort by 20 nations Korean War; U.S. led effort by 20 nations
to prevent the takeover of South Korea by to prevent the takeover of South Korea by Communist North Korea (September 1950)Communist North Korea (September 1950)
Cuban Missile Crisis (October 1962) forced Cuban Missile Crisis (October 1962) forced the Soviets to remove nuclear missiles the Soviets to remove nuclear missiles from Cubafrom Cuba
Vietnam War: U.S. became involved to Vietnam War: U.S. became involved to stop communist North Vietnam from stop communist North Vietnam from taking over South Vietnam.taking over South Vietnam.
