COLD WAR COLD WAR OPPOSITIONOPPOSITION

The small conflicts of the The small conflicts of the Cold WarCold War

National Security Act (1947)National Security Act (1947)

Created the CIA Created the CIA (Central (Central Intelligence Intelligence Agency)Agency)

Created the NSC Created the NSC (National Security (National Security Council)Council)

These were the These were the spying agencies for spying agencies for the United Statesthe United States

IRANIRAN

Mohamed Mossedeg Mohamed Mossedeg Prime MinisterPrime Minister

Rose out of W.W.II.Rose out of W.W.II. Important country for Important country for

oil (Anglo-Irani Oil Co.)oil (Anglo-Irani Oil Co.) British control most British control most

of the oil of the oil Mossedeg Mossedeg

Nationalized the oil Nationalized the oil fieldsfields

IRAN cont.IRAN cont.

Britain was upset with Britain was upset with the nationalizationthe nationalization

Nationalization of Nationalization of industry=communismindustry=communism

Britain stops buying Britain stops buying Irani oilIrani oil

Iran becomes a Iran becomes a breeding ground for breeding ground for communismcommunism

IRAN cont.IRAN cont.

Operation Ajax—Get rid of Operation Ajax—Get rid of MossedeghMossedegh

The CIA uses propaganda to gather The CIA uses propaganda to gather support for the Shahsupport for the Shah

CIA kills MossedeghCIA kills Mossedegh Western nations now buy oil from Western nations now buy oil from

IranIran

GuatemalaGuatemala

Colonel Jacobo Arbenz Colonel Jacobo Arbenz Guzman seized Guzman seized United Fruit CompanyUnited Fruit Company

Receiving weapons Receiving weapons from S.U.from S.U.

CIA secretly inspires a CIA secretly inspires a coupcoup

Made it look as if it Made it look as if it was a popular revoltwas a popular revolt

MIDDLE EASTMIDDLE EAST

1947 Palestinian 1947 Palestinian PartitionPartition

Arabs believe the Arabs believe the land belongs to land belongs to PalestiniansPalestinians

This would lead to This would lead to 4 wars between 4 wars between Arabs and JewsArabs and Jews

EGYPTEGYPT

Gamal Nasser Gamal Nasser controls Egyptcontrols Egypt

Wants to Wants to nationalize the nationalize the Suez CanalSuez Canal

We need a friend in We need a friend in the Middle Eastthe Middle East

Help him finance Help him finance the Aswan Damthe Aswan Dam

EGYPT cont.EGYPT cont.

Nasser takes military Nasser takes military aid from the Sovietsaid from the Soviets

U.S. withdraws funds U.S. withdraws funds for the damfor the dam

Nasser nationalizes Nasser nationalizes the Suez Canalthe Suez Canal

Israel, Britain, France Israel, Britain, France all attack Egypt (1all attack Egypt (1stst Arab-Israeli War)Arab-Israeli War)

EGYPT cont.EGYPT cont.

The Soviets agree to The Soviets agree to finance the Aswan finance the Aswan DamDam

The U.S. losses and The U.S. losses and ally in the Middle Eastally in the Middle East

Eisenhower Doctrine: Eisenhower Doctrine: give any Middle give any Middle Eastern country aid to Eastern country aid to join the Pro-join the Pro-Democratic WestDemocratic West

CUBACUBA

Castro overthrows Castro overthrows the unpopular the unpopular gov’t in Cuba led gov’t in Cuba led by Batista (Pro-by Batista (Pro-American)American)

Castro asks the Castro asks the U.S. to give up our U.S. to give up our base and help, we base and help, we refuserefuse

This makes Castro This makes Castro turn to the Sovietsturn to the Soviets

CUBA cont.CUBA cont.

1960- U.S. plans to 1960- U.S. plans to land Cuban land Cuban refugees in Cuba to refugees in Cuba to start a revolutionstart a revolution

CIA trains La CIA trains La BrigadaBrigada

Bay of Pigs incident Bay of Pigs incident fails miserablyfails miserably

Kennedy does not Kennedy does not give upgive up

BAY OF PIGSBAY OF PIGS

CUBA cont.CUBA cont. Operation Mongoose Operation Mongoose

also fails also fails (assassination attempt (assassination attempt on Castro)on Castro)

Castro and Castro and Khrushchev put Khrushchev put missiles in Cuba and missiles in Cuba and point them at the U.S.point them at the U.S.

We blockade the We blockade the island of Cuba to stop island of Cuba to stop missile shipmentsmissile shipments

Cuban Missile CrisisCuban Missile Crisis

CUBA cont.CUBA cont.

Kennedy and Kennedy and Khrushchev agree Khrushchev agree to remove missiles to remove missiles from Cuba and from Cuba and TurkeyTurkey

We keep our We keep our missiles in Turkeymissiles in Turkey

Closest we came to Closest we came to war with U.S.S.R.war with U.S.S.R.

HUNGARYHUNGARY Following Polish Following Polish

success in gaining success in gaining some freedoms from some freedoms from the U.S.S.R. the U.S.S.R.

People protest in People protest in Hungarian streetsHungarian streets

U.S.S.R. does not want U.S.S.R. does not want to give into give in

Attack with tanks, Attack with tanks, harshly put down the harshly put down the protestprotest

Hungary expects Hungary expects American help, it American help, it doesn’t comedoesn’t come

THE EFFECTSTHE EFFECTS

Many of these incidents have a great Many of these incidents have a great effect on our current relationships effect on our current relationships with these countrieswith these countries

We still don’t trade with CubaWe still don’t trade with Cuba We have poor diplomatic relations We have poor diplomatic relations

with Iranwith Iran There is a significant anti-American There is a significant anti-American

influence in the Middle Eastinfluence in the Middle East