THGIIPHNG

Chiasebook:http://downloadsachmienphi.com/Thamgiacngngchiassch:Fanpage:https://www.facebook.com/downloadsachfree

CngngGoogle:http://bit.ly/downloadsach

http://downloadsachmienphi.com/https://www.facebook.com/downloadsachfreehttp://bit.ly/downloadsach

LigiithiuBn c cm trn tay cun thmi ba* ca t sch SOS2, cun Th gii Phng ca

ThomasL.Freedman.Cunschcinvphthnhlnuvothng4-2005.ylcunschthtcaFreedman,cunthhai,XeLexusvCyliu,vacNhxutbnKhoaHcXhixutbnbng tingVit.T.L.Freedman lnhboni tingca tNewYorkTimes,inhiu,gpgvirtnhiunhnvtniting,viconmthtscscso,ngtrnhbynhngvntoncuhortsctchvsinhng,ngtrnhbynhngvnkhkhan,khhiumtcchsngsa,ddm,dngnhiundgipbnclnhhivnmtcchddng.

Tinghcunschrtbchchoccnhchnhtr,ccnhhochnhchnhsch,vntrnhbynhngthchthccathgiiphngiviM,vithgiiangphttrin,vicccngty,nnccloicginyscththythngtinvtngcaFreedmangykchthch.Cchcgichcshcccchtrnhbynginnhiuvnphctp.Tinhitthnhkhuyngiitrvccdoanhnhnhyccunschny,vnsbchchohxcnhlimnhtronghctp,khinghip,hcvlmvicsuti.Ttnhincunschcngbchchottcnhngaiquantmntnglai,viclm,cngngh,khoahc,vsngto.

Ngidchchtsclmchobndchcchnhxcvdc,songdohiubitchnnnkhthtrnhkhisaist.Phnchmcnidung,mimcchnh(vcmcphnuchngtithythutngcthll),ckmtheothutngtingAnhbnctinthamkho;tcgidngnhiutmi,mtstcnguynbngtingAnh,phngiithchnghacthtmthyChmc.

Nhngngidchcunschnygm:CaoVitDng(ccChng9,10,11,12)vNguynTinPhong(Chng13),phncnlitidchvmngvichiunhchung.Tithnhthtxinlicccngsvsotlivsatngcucaccchng.Lmvycthmtcihaycabndchbanu,kccchvitchnhtnhngchobndchcnhtquntisartnhiu,phnhaylcah,cclivthiustlcati.Tichutrchnhimvmilivsaistcatonbbndch.

Michthchcatcgicnhbngs.Ttcccchthchnhdusao(*)cuitranglcangidch.Trongvnbnikhingidchcathmthaycmtchocucrngha,phncttrongdu[nhthny].Bndchchccnnhiuthiu

stmongbncthngcm,lngth,vchbo;xinlinhtheoachTpchTinhcvisng,54HongNgcPhchHNi.

Thgiitrthnhphngthno

Mt:Khiticnangng

TuccHongt,vitcchnhngngiCnggioCc,vcchongtnhngngiyu mn v thc y nim tin Cng gio linh thing, v l nhng k th ca hc thuytMohamet,vcami ssngbi thn tngvdgio,quytnhc ti,ChristopherColumbus,inccminnitrncan,xemcchongt,nhndn,vccvngty,vtmhiutnhkhcahvphngphpthchhpnhmcibinhtheonimtinlinhthingcachngta;vhnnachdnrngtikhngcibngngbtheohngng,nhlthng,mbngngphaTy,theohngmnnaychngtakhngcbngchngchcchnnorngcbtcaii.

-TnhtkcaChristopherColumbusvchuyni1492cang

Chngaitngchhngchotinhthnytrnmtsngolftrcy:HynhmvohocMicrosofthayIBM.TingimphtbngutintisngolfKGAGolfClubkhutrungtmthnhphBangalore,minnamn,khibnchicatitrvohaicaocbngknh-vthpbnglongnibtlnngxa,ngsauthmcxanhutin.CaocGoldmanSachsvnchaxong;nukhngthanhtacthtrvocinavbinnthnhbba.HPvTexasInstrumentcvnphngcahsaulthchn,dctheolthmi.khngphilttc.CcmcphtbnglcaEpson,cngtymyin,vmttrongnhngngixchgycachngtiim3M.Bnngoi,mtsbinhiugiaothngcngdoTexasInstrumenttitr,vbngqungcoPizzaHuttrnngtrngmtmingpizzabchi,diuCcminggigayHngv!

Khng,ydtkhotkhngphiKansas.Thmchkhngcvgingn.ylThgiiMi,ThgiiC,hayThgiitip?

TinBangalore,SiliconValleycan,bnghnhtrnhkhmphcaringtiging caColumbus. Columbusi thuynbumvi cc tuNia, Pinta, v SantaMaratrongmtnlckhmphramtngngnhn,trctiphnnnbnghngvphaty,quaiTyDng,mngcholngbinkhinngnhnlixungphanamvngvngquachuPhi,nhnhngngikhaiphBoNhathingth

i.nvccHnoGiaVphngngnitingmtthivvng,ngc,qu,vtlacah-mtngunvtbukhngkxit.Tmngttquabinnynn,thikhi cc th lcHi giongy chn ccngb t chuu, lmt cch cho cColumbusvnnqunchTyBanNhatrnngiucvhngmnh.KhiColumbuscngbum,hinnhinngchorngTrittrn,lvsaonglitinchcrngngcthnnbngcchivphngty.Tuynhin,ngtnhsaiqungng.ngnghTritlmtqucunhhn.ngcngkhngdkingpmtvngtrngtrckhingncngn.Tuynhin,nggicc thdnmnggp thgiimi lccIndian-dnda[nhngngin].Quayvnh,tuyth,Columbuscthnichonhngngiung,VuaFerdinandvHonghuIsabella,rngmcdngkhngthyn,ngcthxcnhnrngthgiiquthctrn.

Tibtuin theonghngng,quaFrankfurt.TidngLufthansavivhngthnggia.TibitchnhxchngmnhinhbnGPShintrnmnhnhthiratngncaghngitrnmybay.Tihcnhantonvnggi.TicnggpnhngngicgilIndian.Ticngitmngungiuccan.Columbustmphncngcckimloiqu,tla,vgiav-ngungiuctrongthing.Titmphnmm,nnglctrc,ccthutgiiphctp,cccngnhntrithc,cccallcenter[trungtmphcvkhchhngquainthoi],ccgiaothctruyn,nhngtphvkthutquanghcccngungiuccathichngta.Columbusvuisngbinnhngngi Indiannggpthnhccnl,mtqulaongchntaytdo.

TichmunhiuvsaonhngngiIndiantigplilyviclmcachngta,vsaohtrthnhmtququantrngnhvychooutsourcing[thulmngoi]dchvvviclmcngnghthngtin(CNTT)tHoaKvccnccngnghipkhc.Columbuschnmttrmngitrnbatucang;ticmtnhmnhtknhDiscoveryTimesvathoimitronghaixetidchin,vicclixenichntrn.Khicngbum,ylnivy,ticngchorngthgiiltrn,songcitibtgpnththtsclmlunglaynimtincativonim.ColumbustnhcgpchuMsongngnghmnhkhmphramtphnn.TithcsthynvnghnhiungitigplnhngngiM.MtsthcslytnM,vnhngngikhcbtchcrtcgingniMcccallcentervcckthutkinhdoanhMccphngthnghimphnmm.

Columbustulnvuavhonghucamnhrngthgiitrnvngivolchsnhngiutinkhmphraiuny.Tiquayvnhvchiassphthinchviv,vchththm.

Emyu,tithth,anhnghthgiilphng.

Lmsaotiinktlunny?TinghbncthnittcbtutrongphnghpcaNadanNilekanicngtyInfosysTechnologiesLimited.Infosyslmttrongccbuvtca thgiiCNTTn,vNilekani,CEO[Tngiuhnh]cacng ty,mt trongnhngthuyntrngchnchnvcknhtrngnhtcanncngnghipn.TiixevinhmDiscoveryTimesnkhuInfosys,khongbnmiphtttrungtmBangalore,thmcsvphngvnNilekani.nkhuInfosysbngconngstso,viccchblinhthing,ccxengako,vccxekocngcttccngchenlnstcnhxechngti.Tuynhin,mtkhibcvocngInfosysbntrongmtthgiikhc.Mtbbilnckhunghmtnpmnhgacctngmnvnhngdiccctta,stkmtbickhnglnhmtsngolfnh.Cvsqunnvmtculcbsckhotuytvi.Cccaocknh-v-thpdngnhmclngingcdimitun.Trongmtscaoc,ccnhnvin Infosysangvitccchng trnhphnmmc thchocccng tyMhaychuu;trongcccaockhc,hthchinnhngcngvichutrngcacccngtysiuqucgialntcsMvchuu-mithtbotrmytnhnccnnghincucthntrlicccucgicakhchhngtkhpnitrnthgii.Anninhlcht,cccameratheodiccca,vnuanhlmvicchoAmericanExpress,anhkhngthivocaocqunlccdchvvnghincuchoGeneralElectric.Ccksntr,namvn,inhanhnhntcaocnysangcaockia,lnglngccthID[nhndng].Mtngicvnhcthlocckhonthucati.Ngikhccvnhccththorimytnhcati.Vngithbacvnhctathitkn!Saukhingichomtcucphngvn,NilekanidnnhmTVchngtidoquanhtrungtmhinghtoncucaInfosys-tngzerocacngnghipoutsourcingn.NlmtphngsuthmltvngnhngingmtphnghccxpthnhdytmttrnglutIvyLeague.mtucmtmnhnhscbctngvtrncaoccccameratrntrnchohinghtxa.ylphnghinghcachngti,ycllmnhnhlnnhtchu-gmbnmimnhnhs[gpli],Nilekanithogiithch,chlnmnhnhTVlnnht ti tng thy. Infosys,ngni, c th tchcmtcuchinghocanhngngichichchtcatonbchuicungngtoncucanchobtcdnnovobtclcnotrnmnhnhsiuc.NhthccnhthitkMcahcthnichuyntrnmnhnhviccnhvitphnmmnvccnhsnxutchucahcngmtlc.Chngticthngiy,aitNewYork,London,Boston,SanFrancisco,ttcutrctip[live].VcthvicthchinlSingapore,chonnngiSingaporecngcthtrctipyltoncuho,Nilekanini.Phatrnmnhnhctmchicnghtmtt

rtkhongylmviccaInfosys:24/7/365[24gimtngy;7ngymttun;365ngymtnm].CcnghcgnnhnTyM,ngM,GMT,n,Singapore,HongKong,NhtBn,c.

Outsourcingchlmtchiucamtthcbnhnnhiuangxyrahinnaytrnthgii,Nilekanigiithch.Cixyra[vi]nmvaqualcmtsuttvocngngh,cbittrongthiibongbng,khihngtrmtriudollarcutthitlpktnikhpnitrnthgii,cpbin,vttcccth.ngthi,ngnithm,mytnhtrnnrhnvphntnkhpthgii,vcmtsbngnvphnmme-mail,ccphngtintmkimnhGoogle,vphnmmshuring,cthchbtccngvicnovgimtphnnBoston,mtphnnBangalore,vmtphnnBcKinh,toddngchobtcaiphttrintxa.Khittcccthnytnhinxyracnglcvokhongnm2000,Nilekaninithm,chngtoramtnnniviclmtrithc,vntrtu,cthcgiaotbtcu.Ncthcchianh,giao,phnphi,snxutvrplicngnhaulnnaviunychocchlmviccachngtamttdohontonmi,cbitviclmctnhchttrtuVcimanhangnhnthytiBangalorengynaythcslnhimcattcnhngiutrnkthpli.

ChngtingitrnivngbnngoivnphngcaNilekani,iiTVdngcccamera.Timtim,tmttccncattciuny,Nilekanithtramtcmtclngvngtronguti.ngniviti,Tom,snchiangcsanphng.ngmunnilccncnhnbygickhnngcnhtranhvlaongtrithctoncunhchatngbaogic-vrngMtthnhysnsngchoiuny.Mbthchthc,nhng,ngnhnmnh,sthchthcslttchoMbivchngtalunsungscnhtkhibthchthc.KhitirikhuInfosysvBangaloretihmyvbxcsutdcngg,ticngmnghmivcmt:Snchiangcsanphng.CiNandanni,tingh,lsnchiangcsanphngcsanphng?csanphng?Trii,ngtanivitithgiilphng!

Tiy,Bangalorehn500nmsaukhiColumbusvtquangchntri,dngcngnghhnghithscathing,vtrvantonchngminhdtkhotrngthgiitrnvmttrongnhngkstinhnhanhnhtn,cototihcvinkthuthngucanvchtrbicngnghhininhthinnay,vcbnnivitilthgiinyphng,phngnhmnhnhmtrnngtacthchtrcuchptonbchuicungngtoncucamnh.Thmchlthhn,ngbiudngsphttrinnynhmtiutt,nhctmcmitrongsphttrincaloingivmtchilnchon

vthgiimtsthckhinthgiichngtaphng!

Ngingsauchicxe,tivitvivngbntvostaycamnh:Thgiilphng.Ngaykhivitchng,tinhnrarngylthngipcbncamithtithyvngheBangaloretronghaitunlmphim.Snchicnhtranhtoncucsanbng.Thgiicsanphng.

Khitinhnriuny,chngkhivskinhhitrnyti.Nhbotrongtihngkhikhitmthymtkhungkhhiukhncctinchnhbuisngvgiithchcixyratrnthgiingynay.Rrng,hinnaylcthchonhiungihnbaogihthptcvcnhtranhtrongthigianthcvinhiungihnvnhiuloiviclmkhcnhauhntnhiungngchcahnhtinhhnvtrncsbnhnghnbtcthigiannotrcytronglchsloingidngmytnh,e-mail,mng,hinghtxa,vphnmmminngng.lciNandannichoti.lcitikhmphratronghnhtrnhcatinnvxahn.Vlcicunschnyniv.Khibnbtunghvthgiinhlphng,rtnhiuthcnghatheonhngcchchngkhngctrcy.Nhngchthnticnghngkhi,bivssanphngthgiicnghalbygichngtaangktnittccctrungtmtrithctrnhnhtinhlithnhmtmngtoncunnht,m-nuhotngchnhtrvchnghakhngbkhngcnngthscthmramtknguynthnhvngvimigysngst.

Nhngsuyngmthgiiphngcnglmtitrnykinhhi,vmtnghnghipvcnhn.Skinhsringcatixutphttsthchinnhinrngkhngchnhngngivitphnmmvccgeek[cctaycphchv]mytnhctraoquyncngtctrongcngvicmt th gii phng.N cng l al-Qaeda v ccmng li khngbkhc. Sn chikhngcsanbngchtheocchthuhtvsiutraoquynmtnhmhontonmicanhngngiimisngto.Ncsanbngtheocchlikovsiutraoquynmtnhmhontonmicanhngnginngvnbgind,nnch,vblmnhc.Vnghnghip,snhnrathgiilphnglmcngthngthnkinhvtinhnrarngssanbngnyxyrakhiticnangng,vtibqunn.Tithcskhngng,mbnvickhc.Trc11thng9(11/9),titptrungtheoditoncuhovkhaithcscngthnggiacclcLexuscashinhpkinhtvcclcCyliucabnscvchnghadntcdocunXeLexusvCyliucatirai1999.Songsau11/9,cccucchintranhcyliumnhtihonton.TidnhhuhtthigiancamnhchudutrongccthgiiRpvHigio.Voccnmtimtduvttoncuho.

TilitmthyvttrnhnhtrnhcatinBangalorethng2nm2004.Mtkhitmthy,tinhnrarngccigthtsquantrngxyratrongkhitignbvicclmcyliucaKabulvBaghdad.Toncuhoinmtmcmihonton.NubntcunXeLexusvCyliuvcunschnylivinhau,bnsinktlunlllchskhiqutlcbaknguynlncatoncuho.Thiiukodit1492-khiColumbusdngbum,mrasgiao thnggiaThgiiCvThgiiMichonkhong1800.TisgithiinylToncuho1.0.Nlmthgiicolitmtkchthclnthnhctrungbnh.Toncuho1.0lvccncvscmnhcbp.Tcl,trongToncuho1.0tcnhnthenchtcasthayi,nglcthcyqutrnhhinhptonculncbncbaonhiucbpbaonhiusccbp,baonghiuscnga,scgi,hay,munhn,schincvbncth trinkhainsngtonthno.Trongknguynny,ccncvccchnhph(thngctngiohaychnghaquchayskthpcachaixigic)dnngphbccbctngvnichtthgiilivinhau,thcyshinhptoncu.TrongToncuho1.0,cccuhichyul:Nctihpviscnhtranhvccchitoncuchno?Lmsaoticthitoncuvcngtcvinhngngikhcthngquancti?

Knguynlnthhai,Toncuho2.0,kodit1800n2000,bginonbiiKhnghongvChin tranhThgii Iv II.Thiiny lmthgiico tc trungbnhxungcnh.TrongToncuho2.0,nhntthenchtcathayi,nglcthcyhinhptoncu,lcccngtyaqucgia.Cccngtyaqucgianytinhnhtoncuhovthtrngvlaong,utindosbnhtrngcacccngtycphnHLanvAnhvCchmngCngnghiplmminhn.Trongnaucathiiny,hinhptoncuccplcbisstgimchiphchuynch,nhngchincvngst,vtrongnasaubisstgimccchiphlinlc-nhsphbincaintn,inthoi,PC,vtinh,cpquang,vphinbnbanucaWorldWideWeb(WWW).Chnhtrongthiinymchngtathcsthysraivtrngthnhcamtnnkinhttoncu,theongharngcsdchchuyncahnghovthngtintlcanysanglcakhccmtthtrngtoncu,vischnhlchgivccsnphmvlaong.Ccnglcngsauknguyntoncuhonylcctphvphncng-ttuhincvngstlcbanuninthoivccmytnhlnvolccui.Vcuhilntrongthiinyl:cngtytihpvinnkinhttoncuchno?Ntndngccchithno?Lmsaoticthitoncuvcngtcvinhngngikhcquacngtycati?CunXeLexusvCyliuchyulvnhimcaknguynny,mtthiikhiccbc

tngbtusptrnkhpthgii,vshinhp,vsphnngddivin,lnmtmcmihonton.Nhngngayckhiccbctngsp,vncnnhiurocnivishinhptoncusuns.Hynh,khiBillClintoncbulmtngthngnm1992,hunhkhngaingoichnhphvgiihnlmce-mail,vkhitivitXeLexusvCyliunm1998,Internetvthngmiintvamictcnh.

Phi,chngctcnhcngvinhiuthkhcnacngntrongkhiting.Vlldovsaotilltrongcunschnyrngvokhongnm2000chngtabcvomtknguynmihonton:Toncuho3.0.Toncuho3.0lmthgiicotcnhxungcbtvngthisanbngsnchi.VtrongkhinglctrongToncuho1.0lccnctinhnhtoncuhovnglctrongToncuho2.0lcccngtytinhnhtoncuho,nglctrongToncuho3.0-thchonctrngcnhtvnh-lnnglcmitmthychocccnhncngtcvcnhtranhtoncu.Vcinbychophpcccnhnvccnhmitoncudnvyvsunsnvykhngphilscnga,khngphilphncng,mlphnmm-ttcccloingdngmicngchungvissngtoramtmngcpquangtoncubinttcchngtathnhlnggingstvch.Bygicccnhnphi,vcth,hi,Tihpvicnhtranhvccchitoncungynaychno,vlmsaoticth,tmnh,cngtcvinhngngikhcmtcchtoncu?

SongToncuho3.0khngchkhcccknguyntrcchnlmthgiicolivphngthnovntraoquynchocccnhnrasao.NkhcchToncuho1.0vToncuho2.0chyudocccnhnvdoanhnghipuMdndt.TuyTrungQucthcslnnkinhtlnnhtthgiitrongthkmitm,chnhccnc,cccngty,nhngngi thm d phng Ty tin hnh phn ln vic ton cu ho v nh hnh h thng.Nhngvsauny,iunysngycngtnghn.Bivnlmthgiicolivphng,Toncuho3.0ngycngnhiuscdndtkhngchbicccnhnmcngbiccnhmcnhnphiTyphng,khngdatrngadnghnnhiu.Cccnhntminicathgiiphnguctraoquyn.Toncuho3.0binthnhcthchortnhiungicmvchi[plugandplay],vbnsthymisccuvngconngithamgia.

(Trongkhi s traoquynchocccnhnhnhng toncu lc tnhmiquantrngnhtcaToncuho3.0,cccngty-tovnh-cngctraoquynmtcchminatrongknguynny.Titholunchititchaimunhntrongcunschny).

Khngcnphini,tichcsnhgilmnhtvttciunykhitirivnphngcaNandanngyyBangalore.Nhngkhitingisuyngmnhngthayiny

bancngcaphngkhchsncatitihm,tibitmtth:timunbmithvvitmtcunschcthchophptihiuqutrnhlmphngnydinrathnovcchlucancthlgiviccnc,cccngty,vcccnhn.Chonntinhcinthoigichovti,Ann,vboc,anhsvitmtcunschnhanThgiilPhng.Cvabuncivatm-,cthbuncihnltm!Cuicng,tickhnngthuytphccc,vtihivngsckhnnglmthvibn,bncthnmn.Hytiabnquayvlcucahnhtrnhcatinn,vccimphngngkhc,vchiasvibnmtscucgptnhcdntinktlunrngthgiikhngcntrnmphng.

JaithirthJerryRaolmttrongnhngngiutintigpBangalore-vtigpanhchahnviphtkhchsnLeelaPalacetrckhianhbotirnganhcthxlcctkhaithucativccyucuktonkhcticn-tBangalore.Khng,cmn,ticmtktonvinriChicago.Jerrychmmci.Anhtaqulchsni-rnganhtacthlktonvincatiri,haynghnktonvincacaktonvincati,nhsbngnvoutsourcingvicchunbthu.

iunyxyranhchngtani,Raobo,anhquMumbai,trclBombay,hngcaanh,MphasiS,cmticcktonvinnckhnnglmcngvicktoncoutsourcetbtcbangnocaMvchnhphlinbang.ChngtilinktvinhiuhngCPA[kimtonvin(cng)cchngch]cnhvvaM.

anhnigingktonvincati?tihi.Vng,gingktonvincaanh,Raonivimtnci.cngtycaRaoitinphongvmtphnmmworkflow[lungcngvic]vimtnhdngchunlmchooutsourcingkhaithurvd.Tonbqutrnhbtu,Jerrygiithch,vimtktonvinHoaKqutcctkhaithunmngoicati,cngviccbnkkhaiW-2,W-4,1099,tinthng,cphiucati-mith-vomtmych,tCaliforniahayTexas.Bygiktonvincaanh,nuanhtaxlthucaanhhingoi,bitrnganhthchkhngcho(aingoinc)bith(tn)haysAnsinhXhicaanh,thanhtacthchngiknthngtin,Raoni.Ccktonvinn[dngmtkhu]gittcthngtinthmtcchtrctiptmychM,vhhonttcctkhaithucaanh,vivicanhvngiutn.TtcccsliukhngrangoiHoaKtunthccquychringtChngticoivicbovdliuvsringtrtnghimtc.Ktonvinncthnhnthysliutrnmnhnhcamnh,nhnganhtakhngthtinxunghayinnrachngtrnhcachngtikhngchophpvic.Nhiunhtanhtacthlmlthnhn,ginhanhtacnhxuno.Ccktonvinkhngc

phpmangthmchgiyvbtvotrongphngkhihlmvictrncctkhaithu.

Tibtmvchnhlmthnodngtintinnycadchvoutsourcingtrthnh.Chngtilmnhiungntkhai,Raoni.Hnna,CPAcaanhMkhngcnthmchvnphngcah.HcthngitrnmtbibinCaliforniave-mailchochngtivni,Jerry,culmcctkhaithuBangNewYorkthtc,vthculmcctkhaicaTom.VSonia,cuvicacuDelhilmcctkhaiWashingtonvFlorida.Tinth,Sonialmvictnhcn,[cngtykhngphitr]chiphchung. Vccvickhcny,chngthcsphctp,chonntitlmchng.

Nm2003,khong25.000tkhaithuMclmn.Nm2004consl100.000.Nm2005,dkin l400.000.Trongmt thpnin,anhschorngk tonvincaanhoutsourcevicchunbcbncacctkhaithucaanh-nukhnghnna.Anhvonghnythno?tihiRao.

BntiJeroenTas,mtngiHLan,vtiulmchoCitigroupCalifornia,Raogii thch. Ti l spcaanh tavmthmchng ti cng trv tNewYork trnmtchuynbayvtinimnhckhochthivicvanhtabo,Ticngth.Chaichngtiuni,Vsaochngtalikhngkhingdoanhnghipringcachngta?Vthvonm1997-98, chng ti cngnhaua ramt k hoch kinhdoanh cung cp cc gii phpInternetcaocpchocccngtylnHainmtrc,tuyvy,tiidmthinghcngnghLasVegasvmtshngkton[M]ctrungbnhtipcnti,vhnirnghkhngthscaracchotngoutsourcinglnvthunn,nhngccg[cngty]lncth,v[nhnggva]munvth.VlchngtiphttrinmtsnphmphnmmgilVTRVirtualTaxRoom:BungThuo-chophpcchngktoncvanyddngoutsourcekhaithu.

Cchngcvanyccmtsnchibngphnghn,mtrcyhbtchi,Jerryni.tnhinhcthtipcnncngcclithvquymmccglnhnlunc.

CphithngipchonhngngiM,M,ngccconmlnlnilmktonvin?Tihi.

Khngthtvy,Raoni.Cimchngtilmllmcngvictpnhp.Anhbitcncigchunbmttkhaithu?Viclmrttsngto.ylcischuynrahingoi.

CigsliM?Tihi.

KtonvinmunlitrongnghtiMslngitptrungvonghraccchinlcsngtophchp,nhtrnhthuhayntrnhthu,qunlccquanhkhchhng,Raoni.Anhhaychtasbocckhchhngcamnh,Tikhincngvictpnhpclmrthiuqu.Bygihynivlmthnochngtiqunltisncaanhvanhslmgcholtrcaanh.Anhcmunmtstinnotrongccququnthc[trust]camnh?N cngha l c cc tho lun cht lng-thi gianvi cckhchhnghn l chyvngquanhgingnhngcongviubctttthngHainthngT,vthngnxingiahnnthngTm,bivhkhngcchtlngthigianvicckhchhng.

nhgitmttiuluntrongtpchAccountingToday(7thngBy,2004),quthc,iu ny c v l tng lai. L. Gary Boomer, mt CPAv CEO ca Boomer Consulting Manhattan,Kansas,vit, Ma [thu]va ri to rahn100.000 tkhai thu [coutsource]vbygicmrngngoicctkhaithucnhnsangccququnthc,cchibunvcccngtyLdochyukhinngnhkinhdoanhckhnngtngquymnhanhnhncbanmqualdoutmcccngty[tcsncngoi]nytinhnhvohthng,quytrnhvoto.Ckhongbymingnngittnghipihcngnhktonnminm,ngnithm,nhiutrongsilmchocchngaphngnkhiuvi100$mtthng.Visgipcatruynthngtccao,otonghimngt,vccmubiuchunho,nhngngintrnycthccibinthnhccktonvinphngTycbnkhnhanhviphnnhchiph.MtshngktonnthmchbtutipthchnhhchocchngMquahinghtxavbquavicili.Boomerktlun,Nghktonhinnayangbini.Nhngngibuvuvoqu kh v chng li s thay i s b buc dn su hn vo s hng ho ho(commoditization).Nhngngicthtoragitrthngquaslnho,ccmiquanhvscsngtoslmbiningnhkinhdoanh,cngnhtngcngccmiquanhvicckhchhnghinccah.

Cianhangnichoti,tiboRao,lbtknghcabnlgbcs,luts,kintrcs,ktonvin-nubnlmtngiM,tthnbnhygiithdchvnhycm,bivbtcthgcthcshocthcoutsourcechonhsnxuthockhonhthocrnht,hocchai.Raotrli,Mingiphitptrungvocichnhxclgitrgiatngcamnh.

Nhngnutichlmtktonvintrungbnhthsao?Tiihcmtihcnhnc.TicktqutrungbnhB+.CuicngticbngCPA.Tilmvicmthngktonln,lmnhiuvicthngthng.Tihimkhigpkhchhng.Hgitingsau.Nhng

lmtsinhkttvvcbnhngvalngviti.Cigsxyravititronghthngny?

lmtcuhihay,Raoni.Chngtaphichnthtvn.Chngtaanggiamtsthayicngnghtoln,vkhibnsngtrongmtxhinhcasthayi[nhM],khtinon.Dtinonchoaisngn.TrongminmchngtislmnhiuthangclmMngynay.Chngticthdontnglaicamnh.Nhngchngtisauccbn.Ccbnxcnhtnglai.MlunluntrnnhcalnsngsngtomiChonn lkhnhnvomtk tonvinvniy lcis l.Chngtakhngctmthnghoiu.ChngtaphixlnvnivnmtcchchnthtBtchotngnomchngtacthshovphnlichuigitr,vdichuyncngviciy,scdichuyni.Aisni,,nhnganhkhngthphcvtimtmingthtnng.ng,nhngticthlmvicttrcbncaanhngibtcutrnthgii,nuqunnkhngcmtngiphtrch.Chngticthni,Vng,ngFriedman,chngticthdnhchongmtbngncas.Nicchkhc,cnhngphncavicincmhiumchngtacthphnlivoutsource.Nubnquaylivcccschgiokhoakinhthccbn,chngsbo:Cchnghoctraoi,cnccdchvctiuthvsnxutcngch.Vbnkhngthxutkhuviccttc.Songchngtaangngnvicxutkhucttc,phnvichn.Bnmunctkiutcg?Bnmunthctno?Ttcccthcthvscmtcallcenterrtxalm.

Khichngtiktthccucnichuyn,tihiRaotiptheoanhslmg.Anhtatrnysinhlc.AnhbotianhnichuynvimtcngtyIsraelcnhngbctinlnvcngnghnnchophptruyncchnhqutCAT(ComputerAssistedTomography)tthnvdhnquaInternetchonnbncthmauchngcmtkinthhaitmtbcscchxanavngtrit.

VitunsaukhitinichuynviRao,tinhnce-mailsautBillBrody,hiutrngihcJohnsHopkins,ngitivaphngvnchocunschny:

Tommn,tinitimtcuchinghgiodcyttiptccatrngHopkinschoccbcsxchn[radiologist](titnglmtradiologist)Tichtthymttnhhnhrthpdnmtinghanhcthquantm.TivacbitrngnhiubnhvinnhvmtsbnhvinvaHoaK,ccradiologistangoutsourcingviccccnhqutCATchoccbcsnvc!!!Huhtvicnyxyravobanm(vc thcui tun)khiccradiologistkhngcnhnvinlovicymtrtrongbnhvin.Trongkhimtsnhm

xchnsdngxchntxa[teleradiology]chuynccnhtbnhvinvnhcah(haynVailhayCapeCod,tigis)nhthhcthdingiiccnhvchochnon24/7,hinnhinccbnhvinnhchuynccbcnhqutchoccradiologistncngoi.Lithlbanngychaynkhibanmychonnymtrngoigitrnndlm hn bng chuyn cc nh qua tri t. V cc nh CAT (v MRI-Magnetic ResonanceImaging)dngsrivcsndngtrnmngvimtgiaothcchun,khngcvngxemccnhbtcutrnthgiiTichorngccradiologistukiaphicotoHoaKvcccbng,chngchvkhnngphhpCcnhmthchinviccngoiginycccradiologistMthuhgilccCnmNighthawks.Chcttlnh,BillNhtritilmtnhbovkhngphilmtktonvinhaymtradiologist.Khngcoutsourcingnoiviti-chodmtsbncnocaticthmunmcbocaticthchuyniBcTriuTin.tnhtlcitingh.SautinghevhotngcaReutersn.TikhngcthigianthmvnphngReutersBangalore,nhngtickhnngnmcTomGlocer,CEOcaReuters,nghenglmg.Glocerlngiitinphongvoutsourcingccyutcachuicungtinthc.

Vi2.300nhboquanhthgii,197vnphng,phcvmtthtrngbaogmccnhngnhngut,ccnhbunbncccngcphisinh,ccnhmigiichngkhon,ccbo,iphtthanh,truynhnh,vccilInternet,Reutersluncmtkhn-thnh-cgirtphctpthomn.Sausphsndot-com,tuyvy,khinhiukhchhngcantrnnrtcthcvchiph,Reutersbtuthimnh,vccldocvchiphvhiuqu:Chngtathcscntngicachngtavoucungngchochuicungtintctoncucachngta?VchngtacththcschianhcngviccamtnhbovgimtphnLondonvNewYorkvchuynmtphnsangn?

GlocerbtungnchcnngkimcmcbnnhtmReuterscungcp,ltinstdovthunhpcngtyvnhngtintrinkinhdoanhlinquan, tnggiycamingy.Exxontitlthunhpcanvchngtacnaiucngnhanhcngttlnccmnhnhkhpthgii:Exxonkimcbamichncentqunytrivibamisucentqutrc.Nnglcctliltcvschnhxc,Glocergiithch.Chngtakhngcnnhiuphntch.Tachcnatincbncngnhanhcngtt.Tinkhnphiratnhbnggiysaucngbcacngty,vbng[chothylchsgnyvthunhpqu]vigiymunhn.

Ccloitincbitvthunhpivikinhdoanhtinlvanillaivikinhdoanhkem-mthnghocbnthcscthclmbtcutrongthgiiphng.Viclmtrithccgitrgiatngthcxyratrongnmphttiptheo.lkhianhcnmtnhbotht,ngibitlmsaocmtbnhluntcngty,mtbnhlunthainhphntchhngutronglnhvc,vthmchvilitccithcnhtranhtbocothunhpvovincnh.iucnmttpknngbochcaohnaicccquanhtrnthtrng,ngibitailccnhphntchngnhgiinhtvangngiintra,Glocerni.

Sphsndot-comvslmphngthgiibucGlocerphinghliReuterscungcptinthno-liuncthchianhccchcnngcamtnhbovchuynccchcnngcgitrgiatngthpsangn.MctiuchnhcanglgimschngchotngtinlngcaReuters,trongkhibotncngnhiuviclmbogiicngtt.Chonnvicutinchngtilm,Glocerni,lithusuphngvinBangalorenhmtthnghim.Chngtibo,HybohlmchcctmtttincbitvccbngvbtcthgkhccthsaihlmBangalore.NhngnginmicthunyckinthcktonvcReutershunluyn,songhctrlng,ngynghvtrcpyttheochunaphng.nlmtaimphongphkhngthtinnituynngi,khngchcknngkthutmcknngtichnh,Glocerni.Khimtcngtycngbthunhpcamnh,mttrongnhngvicutinn lm l trao cho cc hng in tn Reuters, Dow Jones, v Bloomberg - phn pht.Chngtislydliuth,ngni,vrilmtcucchyuaxemchngticthquayvngnnhanhrasao.Bangalorelmttrongnhngnicnimngnhttrnthgii,vmcdcmtchttr-mtgiyhaythnkothngtinsang,horalbncthngiBangalorevccphinbnintcamtthngcobochvbinnthnhmtcuchuynddnghtnhbncthlmLondonhayNewYork.

Skhcbit,tuyvy,llngvtinthunhBangalorethnmtphnnmsoviccthphngTy.

Trong khi kinh t hc v s lmphng th gii yReuters xung con ng ny,Glocercvuivlmvngnocngphilm.Chngtinghchngticthtrtgnhnngbocobhnghohovkhinvicclmmtcchchiuqunikhctrnthgii,ngni,vritochichoccnhboReuterstheoquyctptrungvoviclmbovphntchcgitrgiatngcaovthomncnhnhnnhiu.Hyginh

anh lmt nh bo Reuters New York. Anh t s thomn cuc sng camnh bngchuyncccngbbochthnhcchptrnccmnhnhhaylmvicphntch?Glocerhi.Ttnhin,lvicsau.OutsourcingccthngbotintcchoncngchophpReutersmrngbngangcaviclmphngscantinhiucngtycvnnhhn,cccngtykhngchiuquvchiphiviReuterstheoditrcyviccnhboctrlngcaohnNewYork.Nhngviccphngvinnclngthp,cththunhiungivichiphcamtphngvinNewYork,bygicthlmvictBangalore.Mah2004,ReuterstnghotngnidungBangalorecanlnbatrmnhnvin,nhmcuicngntngsmtngnri.MtvitrongslccphngvinReuterskcuccsanghunluynccin,mtslccphngvinlmcctinthunhpc bit, nhng hu ht l cc nh bo lmphn tch d liu chuyn bit hnmt cht nghins[numbercrunching:tnhtonsliu]-chochobnchngkhon.

Rtnhiukhchhngcachngtianglmcngvic,Glocerni.Nghincuutbctocslngchiphkhngl,vthrtnhiuhngdnglmcaBangalorelmvickimcmphntchcngty.ChongnycchnglnWallStreettinhnhnghincuutbngtiuhngtriudollarchoccnhphntchngisaovsautnhmtphnchiphlngcahchoccphngmigiichngkhoncah,chngchiasktquphntchvicckhchhngttnhtcah,vtnhmtphnchiphchokinhdoanhngnhngutcah,thngdngccphntchthngcamtcngtynhvickinhdoanhngnhngcan.TheosauccviutracaEliotSpitzerTngChnglBangNewYorkvcctpqunWallStreet,tiptheonhiuvbbi,hotngngnhngutvmigiichngkhonphitchbchrrngsaochoccnhphntchsngngthiphngcccngtynhmnhnchotngngnhngutcah.Nhngnhmtktqu,cchngutlnWallStreetphictgimmnhchiphnghincuthtrngcah,ttcbygidoringccphngmigiichngkhonchitr.ViunytomtkhuynkhchlnivihoutsourcemtscngvicgiitchchoccninhBangalore.Bncnhvicckhnng trmtnhphn tchBangalorekhong15.000$ tngnb, trivi80.000 $NewYork hay London,Reuters thy rng cc nhn vinn ca n cngthnghaychcvtichnhvtntudocngccaona.MiyReuterscngmmttrungtmphttrinphnmmBangkokvhoralmtchtttuynccnhphttrin phn mm nhng ngi m tt c cc cng ty phng Ty ganh ua v ti nng Bangalorekhngti.

Bnthntibxuhngnygingx.Saukhibtusnghipcamnhnhmtphng

vinintnvihngUPI-UnitedPressInternational,ticngcmlnlaoviccphngvinintnvviccplc,cchuynmnvtichnh,mdihlmvicctlc.SongUPIcthvnphttngynaynhmthngintn,mnkhngl,nuginhnckhnngoutsourcevickinhdoanhcpthphncankhitibtuvitcchmtphngvinLondonhaimilmnmtrc.

Kh x vi nhn vin, Glocer ni, ngi ct gnmt phn t ton b nhn vinReuters,m khng c nhng tn thng su sc gia cc phng vin. ng ni, nhn vinReutershiurngvicnyphi lmsaochocngtycthsngstvrithnhvngli.ngthi,Glocerni,ylnhngngisnhiulmphngs.Hthycckhchhngcachngtilmchnhxccngvic.HnmccttruynQuantrnglphichnthtviconngivcichngtalmvvsaovkhngtvthngip.Titinvngchcvobihccaccnhkinhtcinvdichuyncngvicnnincthclmttnht.Tuynhin,takhngcbquarngtrongmtstrnghp,cnhnnhngngilaongskhngdtmviclmmi.ivih,vicgilivmtmngliansinhxhithchnglcnthit.

TrongmtnlcgiiquyttrctipvinhnvinReuters,DavidSchlesingernguReutersM,gichottcccnhnvinbintpmtthbo,chaontrchsau:

OFF-SHORINGVINGHAVTilnlnNewLondon,Connecticut,trongthkmichnlmttrungtmsncvoiln.Trongccnm1960v70cvoihttluvccnhsdnglaongchnhvngugnviqunikhnglmtiungcnhintrongknguynVitNam.BmbnhccatilmvictiElectricBoat,TchcHiqunvTunDuynhi.Ctchobnhlilmthayivngnymtlnna,vbyginnitingnhtvcccasinocbclncaMoheganSunvFoxwoodsvvccnhnghincudccaPfizer.Ccviclmmti;ccviclmctora.Ccknngkhngcncsdng;cnnccknngmi.Vngthayi,ngidnthayi.NewLondon,ttnhin,khnglcnht.Baonhiuthtrnxayxt thy cc ci xay camnhng ca;baonhiu thnh th lmgiy thyngnhgiydiinikhc;baonhiuthtrnmtthirtmnhvdtmaybygimuattcvilanhtTrungQuc?Sthayilkhcnghit.Sthayilkhcnghitnhtvinhngngibbtnggingxung.Sthayicngkhcnghitnhtivinhngngickhkhnthayi.Songsthayiltnhin;sthayikhngphilmi;sthayilquan trng.Cuc tranhcihin thivoff-shoring lgaygtmtcchnguyhim.Songtranhcivcngvicdisangn,TrungQucvMexicothcskhngkhccuctranh

lunmtthivviclmtungmbNewLondonhayviclmgiybMassachusettshayviclmdtmaybBcCarolina.Cngvicclmnincthclmcktquvhiuqunht.iucuicnggipccNewLondon,NewBedford,vccNewYorkcathgiinythmchnhiuhnccBangalorehayThmKhuyn.Ngipbivngiiphngconngivvnlmcngvickhc,tinhxohn,vngipbivntochisnxutsnphmcuicngrhn,lmlichocckhchhngngangnhngipcngty.Chcchnkhivicccnhnnghvcngviccahrii,clmxahngngndmbiaikimthnhngngndollarmtnm.Nhngyllcnghvchicngnhvniau,ngnhllcnghvccnghavcaoff-shoringcngnhvccchiMingi,htnhmicngty,phichmlovnmnhkinhtringcamnh,htnhchangchngtatrongcccixay,cchiuvnhmygiychmlo.

MNHNHANGCHY?

Anhcbitmtcallcenternnghegingthno?

Trongkhilmphimtiliuvoutsourcing,iTVvtimtbuititicallcenter24/7CustomerdonginshuBangalore.CallcenternylmtthlaitpgiamtktcxihcdnhchocnamlnnvmtngnhnginthoihuyngtinchoiTVcngcngaphng.Cnhiutngviccphngykhonghaimimyngilmvicviinthoi-tngcngkhonghaingnringi.Mtscbitnhccnhnvin outbound-tbnngoi, bnmi th t th tndngn sphtin thoi.Nhngngikhcxlcccucgiinbound-v-mithttmhnhlthtlcchocckhchhngcacchnghngkhngMvchuungiiquytccvnmytnhchonhngngitiudngMblnln.Cccucgicchuynnybngvtinhvcpquangdibin.Mitngmnhmngcacallcentergmcccmnhngngnkhinh.Nhngngitrlmvictrongccinhdingnccacngtymhcungcphtrinthoi.NhthmtgccthlnhmDell,gckhccthlcbaycaMicrosoft.iukinlmviccahnhngingnhcngtybohimtrungbnhcabn.Tuytichclccccallcenterhotngnhcccsbcltcngnhntnt,24/7khngphilmttrongs.Huhtthanhnintiphngvnuattchaymtphnlngcahchobmh.Thcra,nhiutrongshclngkhiimcaohnlnghucabm.iviviclmmcmivonnkinhttoncu,ylkhonggnnhnnhnc.

TilangthangquanhkhuMicrosoftkhongsugichiutheogiBangalore,khihuhtccbn trnybtungy lmviccah trngvi rngsngM,khi tihimt

chuyngiamytnhtrnginmtcuhingin:TrntngnyklcvcucgidinhtgipngiMnoblctrongmcungphnmmcamnhlbaonhiu?

Mimtgi,anhtatrlingaytckhc.

Mimtgi?tilaln.

Mimtgi,anhtani.

Tichngccchnokimtra liuiunycngkhng,nhngbncngheccmucacccucnichuynquenthuckquckhibnlangthangtrnsn24/7vchnghequavaicaccnhnvinkhcnhaucacallcenterkhihlmvic.ylmtmunhcacichngtinghetikhichngtiquayphimchoDiscoveryTimes.Nphicc,nubncthtngtngiuny,theogingcaaivigingncbtchcgingMhayAnh.Cngtngtngrngbtkccgingniubnkiacthl,bunru,cuknh,hayxutnhnthno,nhngngintrnykhngngngvlcnocnglchs.

Nhnvincallcentern:Cho[buichiu],ticthnichuynvi?(Aiubnkiavadpinthoixung).

Nhnvincallcenternam:Dchvbunbny,tilJerry,ticthgip?(CcnhnvincallcenternlytnphngTydohtchn.tng,ttnhin,lkhincckhchhngMhaychuucmthythoimihn.Huhtccthanhninnmtinivchuynnykhngbcmnhmcoinnhmtchicmtchtvuia.TrongkhimtvingichchnSusanhayBob,mtsthcssngto).

NhnvinnBangalorenivimtngiM:TitnlIvyTimberwoodsvtigingi

NhnvinnBangalorenhndinmtngiM:CthchotibnscuicasAnhsinhXhicaanh?

NhnvinnBangalorecholichdncnhcManhattanvnhnracasphngc: Vng,chng ticmtchinhnhngByMiTvThHai,mtchinhnh[ng]NmMiTvLexington

NhnvinnamBangalorebnthtndngmanhchngbaogicthmuachobnthnmnh: Th ny l th c ph sut tn dng hng nmAPR [Annual Percentage Rate] thp

nht

NhnvinnBangaloregiithchchomtbMxltikhonsccamnhthno:Scssu-su-nmltmmimtdollarvnmmilmcent.Bvncnmtkhonphitrbamidollar.Bhiurtikhng?

NhnvinnBangaloresaukhidnmtngiMquamttrctrcmytnh:Khngcvng,ngJassup.Cmnngdnhthigian.Cnthnnh.Bye-bye.

NhnvinnBangaloresaukhiaivachtrchgaygtctrninthoi:Al?Al?

NhnvinnBangalorexinlivgiaiMqusm:ychlmtcucgixgiao,tisgilimunhnvobuiti

NhnvinnamBangalorertmunthbnmtthtndnghngkhngchoaiMngicvkhngmun:Cphivbcqunhiuthtndng,haybkhngthchimybay,bBell?

NhnvinnBangalorethnichuynvimtngiMvmytnhcabtabhng:BtuchuyngiameroryOKvmemorytest

NhnvinnamBangalorelmcngvic:Tt,sau,hygvobavnntEnter

Nhn vin nBangalore th gipmt ngiM khng th nn thmmt giy na trnngdytrgip:Vng,c,tihiulcangvinglcny.Tichthgipcra

NhnvinnBangalorebmtchtrchgaygtkhc:Vng,i,thkhinos

CngnhnvinyBangalorebmtchtrchgaygtkhc:Vsao,BKent,khngphil

CngnhnvinyBangalorebmtchtrchgaygtkhc:Nhmtbn[sao]antonAl?

CngnhnvinyBangalorengclntinthoicamnh:Tihncmtngyxuixo!

NhnvinnBangalorethgipmtbngiMvimtscmytnhmcchabaoginghethytrcy:Cvngvichicmyny,thab?mnhnhangchy?

Hintickhong245.000ngintrlicccucgiinthointminitrn

thgiihayquaysrakhnkhonchomingitamuathtndnghayinthoidinghayhiphiuquhn.Nhngviclmcallcenternylccviclmlngthp,uytnthpM,nhngkhichuynquanchngtrthnhnhngviclmclngcao,uytncao.Tinhthnngi24/7vcccallcenterkhcmchngtinthmcvkhcao,vnhngngitrnyhontonhohcchiasmtscucnichuyninthoikquimhcvinhngngiMquays1-800-HELP,nghnhhktthcnichuynviaiquanhkhi[nh],chkhngphiquanhthgii.

C.M.Meghna,mtnhnvinnca24/7callcenter,niviti,ticrtnhiukhchhnggin[vicccuhi]thmchkhnglinquangnsnphmmchngtibunbn.Hginbivhbmtvcahhaychnichuynviai.Tinichnghn,OK,cthi,cthchphinggmging[tmchicv]hayngnichthngn,vchtanigingnh,OK,cmnrtnhiuvsgip.

NituSomaiah:Mttrongnhngkhchhnghitilyngta.

SophieSunderlmvicchophnghnhlthtlccahngDelta:TinhbnygitTexas,cni,vbta,gingnhkhctrninthoi.Bbayhaichuynnitipnhauvbmttixchcamnh,trongtixchcocivnhncicacongibvticmthyrtbunchobvtichngcthlmg.Tikhngcthngtinno.

Huhtkhchhngugind,Sunderni.Vicutinhnil,Ticatiu?Timunticamnhbygi!Chngtichnghnphini,Xinli,cthchotibithvtn?Nhngticatiu!Mtsngihitilngincno?Chngticbophinitht,[nn]chngtibohn.MtsnginghlIndiana.TibolnccnhPakistan.

Tuytuytiascucgilkhthngthngvnhmchn,cnhtranhvccviclmnylmnhlitkhngchvhtrlngkh,mvbncthlmvicbanmvihctrongmtphnbanngy,chonnchnglbnpnmtcucsngctiuchuncaohn.P.V.Kannan,CEOvngsnglpca24/7,giithchchotittchotngthno:Ngy nay chng ti c hn bn ngn cng tc vin tri ra Bangalore, Hyderabad, vChennai.Cccngtcvincachngtikhiuvi lngavnhkhong200$mtthng,riln300$n400$mtthngsausuthng.Chngticngcp(v)tuxe,batra,vbatimkhngphitrthmngno.Chngticungcpbohimnhnth,bohimytchotonbgianhvccphclikhc.

Vth,tonbchiphchominhnvincallcenterthcslkhong500$mtthngkhihkhiuvgn600$n700$mtthngsausuthng.Mingicngchngccphnthngtheothnhtchchophphkimc,trongcctrnghpnhtnh,tngngvi100phntrmlngcbncah.Khong10n20phntrmcccngtcvincachngtitheouibngcpvkinhdoanhhaykhoahcmytnhtrongccgibanngy,Kannanni,thmvohnmtphnbathamgialoihunluynthmnovmytnhhaykinhdoanh,chodkhngnhmtbngcp.Khthngxuynnivingidntheouigiodcsutccnmtuihaimi-tcithinlmtchlnvcchamvcccngtykhuynkhchmtcchtchcc.ChngtititrmtchngtrnhMBAchonhngngilmkinnhvicclpcngyvocuitun.Mingilmtmgimtngy,nmngymttun,vihaitgiilao[mit]milmphtvmtgintrahaynti.

Khngngcnhin,trungtmdchvkhchhng24/7nhnckhongbytrmnxinvicmtngy,nhngch6phntrmngixinviccthu.ylmtmutbuituynnhnvincallcentermttrngchuynnghipnBangalore:

Tuynmvin1:Choccem.

Clpngthanh:Choc.

Tuynmvin1:Chngticmtscngtyaqucgiaythulmvictuynngichoh.Khchhngchnhmchngtituyn[cho]hmnaylHoneywell.VcchoAmericaOnline.

Ccnthanhnin-nhiutrongsh-sausphngvinxinvicvictuynmvinphngvnmtbng.ylthdmtscucphngvnnghegingthno:

Tuynmvin1:Emkimloiviclmno?

Ngixinvic1:Nphidavonhgi,ri,uemcthphttrin,emcththngtintrongsnghipcaem.Tuynmvin1:Emphittinhnvmnhkhini.Emrtbnchn.Chmunemlomtchtvvicvrilinhvichngti.

Tuynmvin2vimtngvinkhc:Nichochmtchtvbnthnem.

Ngixinvic2:Emqua[kthi]SSCviktquxutsc.Pnhcngviimut.Vemcngc70phntrmtnghptronghainmtrc.(ylbitngntng

ng vi im trung bnh GPA[Grade PointAverage] v im trc nghim SAT[ScholasticAptitudeTest]).

Tuynmvin2:Chmhnmtcht.ngcngthng.Hybnhtnh.

Bctiptheochoccngvincthumtcallcenterlchngtrnhhunluyn,mhctrtinthamd.Nkthpvichclmthnogiiquytccqutrnhcthchocngtymcccucgicanhsphinhnhaygi,vthamdcigillptrunghogingni.ylccbuihcsutngyvimtthygiongvnchunbchonhngnginmicthuchegiugingcstncahkhinitingAnhvthaychngbnggingM,Canada,hayAnh-tuthucvophnnocathgiihsnichuynvi.Thtkhklxem.LpmtidanghunluynnigingtrunglpmingiancM.Cchcsinhcyucuciclimtonngmnnhtcthitkdyhlmthnolmmmmtcahvrungmrcah.

Cgiocah,mtthiuphduyndngcchatmthngmcsarintruynthng,chuynsunsgiagingAnh,M,vCanadakhiccminhhomtoncnghranhnmnhngm.Cnivilp,HynhngyucniviccemrngngiMbtmtuh?Ccembit,nngheginghunhmduhkhngginvscnhmcangiAnh. Cho nn c s khng ni - y c ni gin v sc Betty bought a bit of betterbutterhayInsertaquarterinthemetter.Mcsni-ygingcrtbngInsertaquarterinthemeterhayBettyboughtabitofbetterbutter.Vthcschcchoccemmtln,vsauchngtacngc.ckhng?Thirtylittleturtlesinabottleofbottledwater.Abottleofbottledwaterheldthirtylittleturtles.Itdidntmatterthateachturtlehadtorattleametalladleinordertogetalittlebitofnoodles.

cri,aiscutin?cgiohi.RimithnhvincalplnltthnicukhcnytheogingM.Mtvitrongshttronglnthutin,vnhngngikhc,,hynithtrngbnskhngnghrnghKansasCitynuhtrlicucgicabnginshnhlthtlccahngDelta.

Saukhinghehvpbingmnymtnagi,tihicgionuccmuntichohmtphinbnchthcvtixutthntMinnesota,ngaygiaminTrung-Ty,vvnnigingnhaitphimFargo.Ttnhin,cni.Thlticonsau:Abottleofbottledwaterheldthirty littleturtles. Itdidntmatterthateachturtlehadtorattleametal ladle inordertogetalittlebitofnoodles,atotalturtledelicacyTheproblemwasthatthereweremanyturtlebattlesforlessthanoodlesofnoodles.Everytimetheythoughtaboutgrappling

with thehaggler turtles their little turtlemindsboggledand theyonlycaughta littlebitofnoodles.

Lphcplinngnhit.yllnutinttrcngitichoanhvcgingMinesota.Trnbmt, ccigkhnghpdnv tngkhinngikhc lmphnggingcahcnhtranhtrnmtthgiiphng.Nhngtrckhibnmitthn,bnphinmtrinhngatrnykhaokhtnthnothotkhimcthpcatnglptrungluvtinln.Nusaigingmtchtlcigihphitrnhymtbccachicthang,thnhvythi-hni.

ylmtmitrngstresscao,NilekaniCEOcaInfosysni,ngicngiuhnhmtcallcenterln.Haimibn[gi/ngy]trnby[ngy/tun].Bnlmvicbanngy,ribanm,risnghmsau.Nhngmitrnglmvic,ngnhnmnh,khngphilscngthnggyxalnh.Nlscngthngcasthnhcng.Hiuviccthchthcvthnhcng,visngplccao.Nkhngphilthchthccanilolngvliuhcmtthchthchaykhng.

chcchnlcmgicticctnichuynvinhiunhnvincallcentertrnsn.Gingnhbtcsbngnhinino,outsourcingthchthcccchunmcvcchsngtruynthng.Nhngnhngngincgiodcbngnlibaonhiunmbicsnghoivbmyquanliuxhichnghanmcnhiutrongshcvsnsnghnchunggilm.Vchngcnni,dhnvthomnhnnhiuivihlmvicchmchBangalorehnlthivlmmtkhiumiM.Trongthgiiphnghcthlin,kimnglngtt,vkhngphixagianh,bnb,thcn,vvnho.Saukhicnnhcklng,ccviclmminythcschophphlnhn.AnneyUnnikrishnan,mtgimcnhns24/7,ni,TihonthnhMBAvtinhvitbithiGMAT(GraduateManagementAdmissionTest)vvoihcPurdue.Songtikhngthivtikhngsc.Tikhngctinchovic.Bygiticth,[song]tithyclngnhcngnghipMnBangalorevthcstikhngcnsang.Ticthlmvicchomtcngtyaqucgiangayy.Nhthtivncthncmvsambar[mtmnnntruynthng].Anhbit,tikhngcnhcnxlchtrnvthtbngui.Tivntiptcvithcnncamnhvvnlmvicchomtcngtyaqucgia.VsaotiphiiM?

Mcsngtngicaombygiccthhng-chomtcnhnhvmtxehiBangalorelttchocMna.Khingquanhcallcenterca24/7,bnthyttcccmy

tnhuchyMicrosoftWindows.CcchipdoIntelthitk.inthoithtLucent.MyiuhonhitcaCarrier,vngaycncngchailcaCoke.Ngoira,90phntrmcphntrong24/7ldoccnhutHoaKshu.iunygiithchvsao,tuyHoaKmtmtsviclmdchvchontrongccnmvaqua,tngxutkhutcccngtyccsMhnghovdchv-sangntngt2,5t$nm1990ln5t$nm2003.NhthngaycvioutsourcingmtsviclmdchvtHoaKsangn,nnkinhttnglncantoracuchonhiuhnghovdchvMhn.

Ciivng,squaytrli.

Chnnmtrc,khiNhtBnvtMtrongngnht,tivitmtctbovchitrchimytnhvalCarmenSandiegoutrnThgii?vicongichntuicati,Orly.TithgipnbngchonmtmanhmibnggirngCarmensangDetroit,vthtihin,tcsnxutu?Vngaylptcntrli,NhtBn.

i!

Thy,tinhlicuchuyntrongkhithmGlobalEdge,mthngthitkphnmmnBangalore.Gimctipthcacngty,RajeshRao,botingvacmtcucgilnhnhtnPhTnggimckthutcamtcngtyM,thnhtrngkhuachingvickinhdoanh.NgaysaukhingRaotgiithiumnhnhgitmthngphnmmn,ngiiuhnhMniving,Namaste,lichophbintingHindi.ngRaoni,VinmtrcchngaiMmunnichuynvichngti.Bygihhohc.VmtvingithmchcnbitchothnotheokiuHindu.Chonnbygitithi:Numtngynoticmtachugi,vbontiin,nsbo,ngi,cphilniphnmmbtngun?Khng,vnchaphi,chuyu.Misnphmmi-tphnmmndng-triquamtchukbtuvinghincucbn,ringhincungdng,rithikp,riphttrin,rithnghim,risnxut,ritrinkhai,rihtr,rinmrngkthutcitin.Mitrongccphanycchuynmnhovnnht,vcnvTrungQuclnNgaukhngckhilngtihnvtinngcthqunltonbchuksnphmchomtcngtyaqucgiaMln.Songccncnyangphttrinunnnglcnghincuvphttrincahqunlngycngnhiuccphany.Khiiu tip tc, chng ta thc s s thyphnu ca cimSatyamCherukuri caSarnoff,mthngnghincuvphttrinM,gilstoncuhovimivsktthccamhnhccamtcngtyaqucgiaMhaychuuncgiiquytmiyutcachukphttrinsnphmtngunlcringcan.NgycngnhiucngtyMvchu

uoutsourcingngkccnhimvnghincuvphttrinchon,Nga,vTrungQuc.

Theocc ITchnhphbangKarnataka,mBangalore,ccnvncaCiscoSystems,Intel,IBM,TexasInstrumentsvGE1.000nxincpbngsngchviCcSngchM.RingTexasInstrumentsccp225bngsngchMchohotngncan.iIntelBangaloreangphttrinccchipvixlchocngnghkhngdydirngtccao,tungranm2006,ccITKarnatakani,trongmttuynbaracuinm2004,vTrungtmCngnghJohnF.WelchcaGEBangalore,ccksangphttrincctngmichongcmybay,cchthnggiaothngvngnhnha.Thcvy,quanhiunmGEthngxuynchuynccksnlmvicchonMquaylintchhptonbnlcnghincutoncucan.BygiGEthmchcnhngngiphinnBangalore.VivekPaulltnggimcWiproTechnologies,mtcngtykhccacccngtycngnghtinhtucan,songngtcsSiliconValleychogncckhchhngMcaWipro.TrckhinWipro,PaulqunlkinhdoanhmyqutCTcaGEMilwaukee.LcngcmtngnghipPhpqunlkinhdoanhmyphtincaGEchoccmyqutPhp.

Tigpanhtatrnmybaymiy,Paulni,vanhtabotianhtachuynsangncmuvicnghincunnglngcaocaGE.

TiboVitekrngtithchnghemtngintngcmuvickinhdoanhCTcaGEMilwaukeenhngbygiiuhnhkinhdoanhtvncaWiproSiliconValleynichotivmtcungnghipPhpchuynsangBangalorelmvicchoGE.lmtthgiiphng.

Mikhitinghmnhtmthyviclmcuicng,khhiunhtcthcoutsourcechoBangalore,tiphthinramtviclmmi.BntiVivekKulkarnitngcmumtcquanchnhphBangalorechutrchnhimvthuhtuttoncucngnghcao.Saukhirichcvnm2003,ngkhingmtcngtygilB2K,vimtbphngilBrickwork[XyGch],nchochoccnhiuhnhtoncubnrntrlcnhnringcahn.Gi sbniuhnhmt cng ty vcmini chuynv trnhbybngPowerPointhaingyna.Trliuhnhtxacabnn,doBrickworkcungcp,slmmivictmkimchobn,sonbitrnhbyPowerPoint,ve-mailtonbchobnvobanmsaochontrnbnbnngybnphitrnhby.

BncthgiaovicchotrliuhnhtxacamnhkhibnricquanvocuingyThnhphNewYork,vvicssnsngchobnsnghmsau,Kulkarnigiithch.Biv

thigianchnhlchvin,hcthlmviccgiaokhibnngvalichobnvobuisng.Kulkarnigitithumttrltxanlmttcvictmkimchocunschny.Anhhaychtacnggipanhtheokpvicianhmunc.Khianhthcdy,anhsthytmttytrongin-boxcaanh.(Tibongtakhngaicthgiihntrlluicati,MayaGorman,ngingicchxamibc!).

Cmttrliuhnhtxatnkhong1.500n2.000$mtthng,vcncvqunhngngittnghipihcnmtBrickworkcthtuyn,nnglctrtumbncththudollarlydollarlngk.NhtiliuqungcocaBrickworkni,Qutinngcantochocccngtytipcnnmtdiphrngcanhngngictrnhcao.Bncnhnhngngimittnghipihc,khong2,5triuminm,nhiunginitrctrnhcngthamgiathtrngviclm.Cctrngkinhdoanhn,nnithm,torakhongtmmichnngnMBAminm.

Chngticspngtuytvi,Kulkarnini,tcckhchhngnthailnhvcchnh.MtlccnhtvnchmscsckhoM,thngcntnhtonrtnhiusliuvthocctrnhbyPowerPoint.Thhai,ngni,lccngnhngutvcccngtydchvtichnhM,thngcnchunbccschmngbnglongviccthminhholichcamtIPO(ranimyttrnthtrngchngkhon)haymtxutstnhp.Trongtrnghpstnhp,Brickwork s chunb cconcaboco cpncciukinvxuhngthtrngchung,niphnlnnghincucthlmltctWebvtmttmtdngchun.nhgivnhgithngvrasao lviccabnthnccnhngnhngut.Kulkarnini.Chngtilmcngvicchtlngthp,vhslmccviccnsnhgiphphnvkinhnghim,stvithtrng.icangthamgiacngnhiudn,htchccngnhiutrithc.Kulkarnini,hcngykhtvnggiivncaohn.tnglhclintc.Bnlunthamgiamtkthi.KhngcktthcivivichcKhngcgiihnthcsivicicthclmbiai.KhnggingColumbus,tikhngdngvin.Saukhivnh,tiquytnhtiptcthmhimphngngtmnhiuduhiuhnvthgiilphng.Vthsaun,timauchngiTokyo,ni ticchiphngvnKenichiOhmae,nguyn lnh tvnhuynthoicaMcKinsey&CompanyNhtBn.OhmaeriMcKinseyvlpradoanhnghipringcamnh,Ohmae&Associates.Vhlmg?Khngcnlmtvnna,Ohmaegiithch.BygingitinphongtrongnlcoutsourceccviclmchtlngthpchocccallcentervccnhcungcpdchvnitingNhtTrungQuc.ngnig?tihi.SangTrungQuc?ChngphimtthingiNhtthucahoTrungQuc,liv

rtkhchutrongmingngiTrungQuc?

Thy,phi,Ohmaeni,nhngnggiithchrngngiNhtcnglimtsngnginitingNhtnhngngiduytrmtphnvnhoNht,tsushinkaraoke,bcTrungQuc,cbitquanhthnhphcngngbciLin.iviNhtBniLintrthnhcimBangaloretrthnhiviMvccncnitingAnhkhc:trungtmoutsourcing.NgiTrungQuccthkhngbaogithathchoNhtBnvcinlmiviTrungQuctrongthktrc,nhngngiTrungQuchtsctptrungvoviclnhothgiitrongthktipnmchsnsngxemlitingNhtcahvmnhnmivicNhtBncthoutsource.

Victuynmlkhd,Ohmaeniunm2004.Khongmtphnbadnsvngny[quanhiLin]hctingNhtnhsinhngthhaitrngtrunghc.ChonnttccccngtyNhtnyuthamgia.cngtycaOhmaechyuvosliuTrungQuc,nicccngnhnTrungQuclycctliuvittaytingNht,cqut,fax,hayce-mailtNhtBnsangiLin,vsaugchngvomtcsdliusbngktNht.cngtycaOhmaephttrinmtphnmmlydliuphinhpvbnthnhccgi.Ccginysauc thcchuynquanhTrungQuchayNhtBnnhmy, tuthucvochuynmncnphic,vsaucghplicsdliucacngtytihiscanTokyo.Chngtickhnngphncngviclmchocnhnngiamhiuvlnhvcgiinht.cngtycaOhmaethmchcnchpngvihnbymingnbnitr,mtstrongshlchuyngiavccthutngyhchaylut,vosliunh.HngmiymrngsangthitkvistrgipcamytnhchomtcngtynhNhtBn.KhibnthnglngvikhchhngNhtBnxymtcnnh,nggiithch,bnsphchosmtbng-huhtcccngtynykhngdngmytnh.Chonnccsv taycchuynbngin tsangTrungQuc,nichngcbinithnhccbnthitks,sauce-maillichohngxydngNht,binchngthnhccbnkhochxydng.ChngtikimccnhnhpliuTrungQuccthnhtchttnht,Ohmaeni,vbygihxlnhiunhmtngy.

NgiTrungQuclmhomytnhchocccnnhNht,gnbyminmsaukhiquniNhtthamtnchimngTrungQuc,phtrinhiunhangxy.Clchivngchothgiiphngny

Tiphi trc tipxemiLin,BangalorenycaTrungQuc, chonn ti tip tciquanhphngng.iLinuynghikhngchchomtthnhphTrungQuc.Viccil

rngri,khnggianxanh tip,vmi linhcacc trngihc, cccaongkthut,vcngvinphnmmscan,iLincthnibtSiliconValley.Tiynm1998,nhngcrtnhiucaocmitkhikhintikhngnhnravtr.iLin,nmngbccchBcKinhkhongmtgibay,tngtrngchohuhtccthnhphhinicaTrungQucvvncnrtnhiuthnhphkhnkh,lchu-chplyvickinhdoanhnhcctrungtmtrithcnhanhthno,chkhngchnhcctrungtmsnxut.Ccbnghiutrncccaocnitonbcuchuyn:GE,Microsoft,Dell,SAP,HP,Sony,vAccenture-ttcuccngvichutrnglmyhtrhotngchucah,cngnhnghincuvphttrinphnmmmi.

VgnNhtBnvHnQuc,cchmincchkhongmtgibay,slnglnnginitingNht,bngthngInternetdd,vnhiubixevmtsngolftmcthgiica n (tt c u hp dn cc lao ng tri thc), i Lin tr thnh ni hp dnoutsourcingNht.CchngNhtcththubaksphnmmTrungQucvigicamtNhtBnvvncntinltrcphngynhnvincallcenter(lngkhiim90$mtthng).KhngngcnhinrngkhonghaingnbytrmcngtyNhtchotngyhaykthpviccitcTrungQuc.

TianhiungiMniLin,vhukinhngcvnnkinhtTrungQucphttrinnhanhrasaotronglnhvccngnghcaony,WinLiu,gimcdnU.S./EUchoDHC,mttrongcchngphnmmcynhlvnlnnhtcaiLin,mrngtbamilnmtngnhaitrmnhnvintrongsunm,nivy.NgiMkhngnhnrathchthcmchphi[nhnra].

Th trngnngngcaiLin,XiaDeren,bnmichntui,nguynhiutrngmttrngcaong.(ivimththngCngsncon,TrungQuclmmtvicrt ttvctnhcngi theocngtrng.VnhoQuan li trngdngtinng[Mandarinmeritocratic]vnnrtsuy).Xongbantimimntruynthngmtkhchsnaphng,thtrngbotiiLintinxathnovngmundnntiu.ChngtichaimihaitrngihcvcaongvihnhaitrmngnsinhviniLin,nggiithch.Hnnassinhvinttnghipcbngkthuthaykhoahc,vngaycnhngngikhng[cbng],nhngngihclchshayvnhc,vncbohcmtnmtingNhthaytingAnh,cngvikhoahcmytnh,saochohcthdngc.ThtrngclnghnnadnciLinctruycpInternetcquan,nh,haytrng.

BanucccngtyNhtBnkhingmtsngnhxldliuy,thtrngni

thm,vvivicnynhcsbygihchuynsangR&DvphttrinphnmmTrongmt hay hai nm qua, cc cng ty phnmmM cng c n lc no chuynoutsourcingphnmmtHoaKsangthnhphchngtiChngti tingnvbtkpnhngngin.Xutkhuphnmm[tiLin]tng50phntrmminm.VTrungQuchinnaytrthnhnctoraslngngittnghipihclnnht.TuynhnchungtingAnhcachngtikhngcthngthonhcangin,chngticdnslnhn,[vth]chngticthchnraccsinhvinthngminhnhtnhngngicthnitingAnhgiinht.

NgidniLinckhchukhngkhilmvicchongiNht,mchnhphcahvnchabaogixinlichnhthcvcichnhphNhtBnthichintranhlmviTrungQuc?

Chngtiskhngbaogiqunrngmtcucchintranh lchsxyragiahaiqucgia,ngtrli,nhngkhinivlnhvckinht,chngtichtptrungvoccvnkinht-cbitnuchngtinivkinhdoanhoutsourcingphnmm.NucccngtyMvNhtlmsnphmcahthnhphchngti,chngticoilmtvictt.NhngatrcachngtichctingNht,lmchcngcnysaochohcthcnhtranhviccitcNhtBncahginhcccvtrlngcaochobnthnhtrongtnglai.

Thtrngsaunithmvo,CmgicringcatilltrTrungQuccthamvnghnthanhninNhthayMtrongccnmgny,songtikhngnghhcthamvng,vhkhngckhtvngnhthhchngti.Vthhchngti,trckhivoihchaycaong,baiccvngnngthnxaxivccnhmyvcciquns,vtriquamtthikrtkhcnghit,nnvmttinhthnkhcphcvimtvikhkhn,[thhchngtiphicnhiukhtvng]hnltrbygi.

ThtrngXiacmtcchtrctipquynrmtthgii,vtuymtsiungnibthtlcdophindch,nghiunvngiMcngphi[hiu]:Quytccannkinhtth trng,quanchcCngsnnygii thchchoti, lnuucngunnhnlcphongphnhtvlaongrnht,ttnhinccdoanhnghipvcchngstnhinin.Vsnxut,ngchra,utinngiTrungQuclngilmcngvlmchoccnhsnxutlnncngoi,saunhiunm,saukhichngtihccttcccquytrnhvccbc, chng ti c thkhingcchngringcamnh.Phnmms theocngngutinchngtisphinhngngincngoithuccthanhnincachng

ti,vsauchngtiskhingcccngtyringcamnh.Gingnhxydngmtcaoc.Ngynay,HoaK,ccbnlnhngngithitk,cckintrcs,vccncangphttrinlccthnchocccaoc.Nhngmtngynotihivngchngtislcckintrcs.

Tivamitiptckhmphngvty.Vomah2004,tiinghColorado.TinghevhnghngkhnggirnycgilJetBlue,khaitrngnm1999.Tikhngctngnovhhotngu,nhngticnbaygiaWashingtonvAtlanta,vkhngthhontonccgibaytimun,chonntiquytnhgiJetBluevxemchnhxchbayu.Tithnhnmnhcmtngckhc.TinghelJetBlueoutsourcetonbhthnggichcanchoccbnitrUtah,vtimunkimtravicny.ChonntigihthnggichcaJetBluevcithoisauvingiil:

Al,ylDolly,ticthgipng?mtgingnhcabtrlichochu.

Vng,timunbaytWashingtoniAtlanta,tini.Hngcbayngykhng?

Khng,tirtticchngtikhng.ChngtibaytWashingtoniFt.Lauderdale,Dollyni.

ThcnWashingtoniNewYorkCity?tihi.

Khng, ti rt tic chng ti khng bay ng . Chng ti c bay tWashington nOaklandvLongBeach,Dollyni.

Bi,ticthhibvicny?Thtsbnh?TicthyccilcaJetBluechlmvicnh.Vng,ngvy,Dollynivigingvuivnht.(MunhntixcminhviJetBluernghtnycablDollyBaker).Tingitrongvnphngcamnhlutrntrongnhcati,nhnracasthytrinngp.ngnmphttrcaigivhiticngcuhiyvtibohvhni,Tt,tinghbsbotilbNewDelhi.

Bsngu?tihi.

SaltLakeCity,Utah,Dollyni.Chngticnginhhaitng,vtithchlmvicy,cbitvomangkhituytxoyttvtitrnnytrongvnphngnh.

Lmthnobcmtviclmnhvy?tihi.

Anhbity,hkhngqungco,Dollynivigingngtngonhtcth.Ttcldo

truynming.Tilmvicchochnhphbangvtivhu,v[saumtthigian]tinghtiphilmvicgkhcvngtithchn.

DavidNeeleman,ngisnglpvCEOcaJetBlueAirwaysCorp.,nitingvttcvicny.ngginlhomesourcing-thulmnh.JetBluebygicbntrmilgich,gingDolly,lmvicnhvngSaltLakeCity,lyvictch-giachngtrngtrcon,tpluyn,vittiuthuyt,vnunti.

VithngsautinthmNeedlemantihiscaJetBlueNewYork,vnggiithchchotinhnguimcahomesourcing,mngthcskhiuMorrisAir,vicutmohimutincangvokinhdoanhhngkhng.(NcSothwestmuali).Chngtic250nginhcahlmvicgichtiMorrisAir,Needlemanni.Hcnngsuthn30phntrm-hbnvcnhiuhn30phntrm,chnhdohthyhnhphchn.Htrungthnhhnvtmtmihn.ChonnkhitikhingJetBlue,tini,Chngtasc100phntrmgichnh.

Needleman cmt l do c nhn mun lmvic ny.ng l ngi [theo gio phi]Mormonvtinrngxhiskhmkhhnnunhiubmhncthnhvicccontrcamnhnhngngthicchilnginlng.ChonnngtcshthnggichtigiacangSaltLakeCity,nituytiasphntheophiMormonvnhiungilccbmnh.NhngngigichtigialmvichaimilmgimttunvphivovnphngkhuvccaJetBlueSaltLakeCitybngimtthnghcccknngmivccpnhtvcigxyrabntrongcngty.

Chngtiskhngbaogioutsourcesangn,Needlemanni.Chtlngmchngti c th c c y l tt hn rt nhiu [Nhng ngi s dng lao ng] munoutsourcesangnhn lchoccgianhcachnhh,v tikhng thhiuiu.Khnghiusaohlinghrngcnphitngitangitrchhayspnomhbnhim.Nngsutchngticynhiuhnthnhphnchonhnt[lng]n.

MtbibocaLosAngelesTimesvJetBlue(9-5-2004)lurngnm1997,11,6triunhnvincacccngtyMlmvictnhtnhtmtphnthigian.Ngynayconsnytngvtln23,5triu16%lclnglaongM.(Tronglc,ingcanhngngitlmch,nhngngithnglmvicnh,phnhln23,4triut18triutrongcngthik).Trongconmtcamtsngi,homesourcingvoutsourcingkhngphi l ccchinlccnhtranhnhaumchnglnhngbiulcacngth:mtsthcytnnhnbicorporateAmerica[ncMnhmtcngty]gimchiphvtnghiuqu,btc

uiucthdnn.

chnhxclcitihcctrongccchuynduhnhcati:HomesourcingsangSaltLakeCityvoutsourcingsangBangalorechlccmtcacngngxusourcing.Vthmi,mi,ticnghcc,lmctheongynaylcthchocccngtyvcccnhnsourceviclmbtcu.

Tictiptcdichuyn.Mathu2004,tiitheochtchBTngThammuLinqun,TngRichardMyers,trongmtcuckinhlccimnngIraq.ChngtithmBaghdad,tnghnhdinhqunsMFallujah,vnvVinChinhLnhThunhB(MEU)th24bnngoiBabil,trungtmcacigilTamgicSunnicaIraq.CncMEUth24tmthilmtloiCngs[cangi]Apache,giadncHigioSunniIraqkhthch.TrongkhiTngMyersanggpccsquanvccbinhnh,tictdolangthangquanhcnc,vcuicngtiththnvotrungtmchhuy,nimttichtthymtmnhnhTVphng.Trnmnhnhctruyntrctipcicvnhntloicameranotrncao.Nchothymtsngidichuynquanhsaumtcnnh.Cngtrnmnhnh,dcbnphi,lmtchatroomthngiptcthi[instant-messaging]tchcc,cvnhtholuncnhtrnTV.Cig?tihianhlnhtheodicnthnttcccnhtmtmyxchtay.AnhtagiithchrngmtPredatordroneM-mtmybaykhngngilinhvicameraTVcngsutcaoangbaytrnmtlngIraq,trongkhuvchotngcaMEUth24,vtruynccnhtnhbothigianthcvmyxchtaycaanhtavvmnhnhphngny.MybaykhngngilinythcsbayvciukhinbimtchuyngiangiCnCKhngQunNellisLasVegas,Nevada.ngth,mybaykhngngi li trn[butri] IraqthcsciukhintxatLasVegas.Trongkhi,ccnhvideomnphtvcMEUth24,tnghnhdinhChhuyTrungTmHoaKTampa,tnghnhdinhkhuvcCentComQuatar,LuNmGc,vclCIA,theodingthi.Ccnhphntchkhcnhauquanhthgiitinhnhchattrctuynvdingiithnociangxyravphilmgvin.Chnhcucnichuyncahlcicunxungbnphimnhnh.

Trckhi tic th thmchbiu lskinhngccamnh,mtsquankhcicngchngti lmtisngstkhinirngcngnghnylmphnghthngthbcquns-bngchonhiuthngtinnvychosquancpthp,haythmchchobinhnh,ngiangchomytnhhotng,vtraoquynchoanhtaraccquytnhvthngtinanhta thuthp.Trongkhi ti tinchcrngkhngtrungunoscphpkhaihomkhnghikincptrn,ngymchcccsquancpcaocbctranhlnquari.Sn

chiqunsclmbng.

TikchuynnychobntiNickBurns,isHoaKNATOvmtthnhvintrungthnhcaRedSoxNation[culcbngihmmhibngchyRedSox-Tt].NickbotianhtatnghnhdinhCentComQuatarthngT2004,cTngJohnAbizaidvbanthammucangchdn.icaAbizaidngibnkiabntNickvibnmnhnhphngTVngsauh.BachicutincccnhtcaodoccmybaykhngngiliPredatortruyntipvtccqunkhukhcnhaucaIraqtrongthigianthc.Mnhnhcui,mNicktptrungvo,angchiumttrnYankees-RedSox.

TrnmtmnhnhlPedroMartineziliDerekJeter,vtrnbamnhnhkhclcctayJihadistiliSonCngsMt(FirstCavalry).

MNTHTBMPHNGVTHTCHIN

Ticdichuyn-sutltrnhquaylinhmnhBethesda,Maryland.Volctingithoiminhmnhsauhnhtrnhnynratrit,utiquaycung.Nhngngaykhitivnhnhiuduhiuvslmphngngcatihn.Mtsndngcctinchnhgycngthngchobtcchamnololngvconcituitrunghccahshpvou.Thd,ForresterResearch,Inc.,tinonhn3triuviclmdchvvchuynmnsdichuynkhitncvonm2015.NhngtithcshhcmmkinhngckhicmtbibotInternationalHeraldTribunengy19-7-2004cu:MunCcmnThtChinViOutsourcing?

ixakhingCaoTc55GiaccbangHoaKgnCapeGirardeau,Missouri,vrvolnli-thng[mua(v,hng)mkhngcnxungxe]camtqunMcDonaldsstngcaotcvbncdchvnhanh,thnthin,chodngilynhngcabnkhngtrongqunnhaythmchMissouri,bibovit.NgilynhnglmtcallcenterColoradoSprings,cchxahn900dm,hay1.450kilomet,cnivikhchhngvvinhngngilaongchunbthcnbngccngdliutccao.Ngaycmtsviclmnhhngn,cv,khngminkhioutsourcing.

Ch timnCapeGirardeau, ShannonDavis, ktninvba trong12quncquynkinhtiuMcDonaldscangvicallcenterColorado,cvnhnhbimtngiccquynkinhtiukhccaMcDonalds,StevenBigari.Vnglmvicvcngccldomccchdoanhnghipkhcnmlycccallcenter:ccchiphthphn,tcnhanhhnvtsaisthn.

Ccng truyn thng r, nhanh v tin cy chophpnhngngi nhn thcnColoradoSpringstrchuynvicckhchhngMissouri,chpmtnhintnhanhvh,hinththcncahtrnmtmnhnhnhmmborngnng,riginhngvnhnbpcatimn.nhchungaykhithcnchontt,Bigarini.Ngidnmuamnthtbmcamnhchngbaogibitnhngcahinganghaibangvbtlitrckhihcththmchlixencaslythcn.

Davisnirnganhmlmciggingthnytronghnmtthpnin.Chngtikhngthiitheon,anhnithm.Bigari,ngilpracallcenterchocctimnringcamnh,vuivgiplymtkhonphnhchomigiaodch.

BibolulcngtyMcDonaldsnithytngcallcenterllthkhingmtthnghimvibacahnggntnghnhdinhOakBrook,Illinois,viphnmmkhcviphnmmBigaridng.JimSappington,mtphchtchcaMcDonaldsvIT,nirngcn qu,qusmninutngcallcentercthhotngchoquamibangntim n McDonalds Hoa K Tuy nhin, nhng ngi c kinh tiu ca hai tim nMcDonaldskhc,ngoicaDavis,outsourceviclynhngli-thngcahchoBigariColoradoSprings.(HaitimkhcBrainerd,Minnesota,vNorwood,Massachusetts).Cichnhchothnhcngcahthng,Bigarini,lcchnsnginhcakhchhngvinhngcah;bngtngschnhxc,hthngctgimscckhiunivvthkhinvicphcvnhanhhn.Trongkinhdoanhthcnnhanh,thigianthcsltin:ctthmchnmgiykhithigianxlmtnhnglngk,bibolu.Bigarinianhctngnthigianthngtrongcccahiuhai ln li-thngcaanhhn30giymtcht,xungtrungbnhcnkhong1pht5giy.thnmtnathigiantrungbnh2pht36giy,chottccc timMcDonalds,giacc timnhanhnht trongnc, theoQSRweb.com,trangtheodinhngvicnhvy.Cctimli-thngcaanhhinnayphcv260xemtgi,Bigarini,30phntrmnhiuhnchngttrckhianhkhingcallcenterTuyccnhiuhnhcaanhkim,trungbnh,c40centmtgicaohnccnhnvintuyncaanh,anhct tngchiph laongcamnhcmtimphntrm,ngayckhilngbnhngli-thngtnglnCctrcnghimctinhnhbnngoicccngtychothycctimli-thngcaBigarihinnayclithn2phntrmcattcccnhng,xungtkhong4phntrmtrckhianhbtusdngcccallcenter,Bigarini.

Bigarisaymtngcallcenternmc,bibonhnxt,anhmrngnqucasli-thngbytimncaanhcdnghthng.Trongkhianhvnchodchvquycctimn,huhtkhchhngbygithngquacallcenter,dnginthoivimy

cthtndngtrnccbntrongkhuvcngi.

Mtsduhiuvlmphngmtibtgpnh,tuyvy,chnglinquangnkinhthc.Ngy3-10-2004,tixuthintrnchngtrnhbuisngTinChnhtcaCBS,imtviQucgia,dophngvinkcucaCBSBobSchiefferdn.CBSlntinrtnhiutrongcctuntrcbivphngs60PhtcaDanRathervsphcvccVbinhQucgiaKhngquncaTngthngGeorgeW.Bushhora ldavocc ti liugi.SauchngtrnhChnht,Schiefferkrngthlqucnhtxyravingtavotuntrc.KhingbcrakhistudiocaCBS,mtphngvintringvah.ykhnghlthng,bivnhvittcccchngtrnhsngChnht,ccmngtinlnCBS,NBC,ABC,CNN,vFoxluncnginccstudiocanhauchpcccucphngvnvicckhchmi.Nhnggtrny,Schieffergiithch,khngtmtmngchnhno.Anhta lchsgiithiumnhlphngvincamtWebsitegilInDCJournalvhiliuanhtacthhiSchieffervicuhi.Schieffer,dolmttaylchs,nichcchn.GtrphngvnngtavimtdngcmSchiefferkhngnhnravsauhinuanhtacthchpnhng.nh?Schiefferthygtrkhngcmynh.Anhtachngcnmynh.AnhtaquaymyinthoidingcamnhvnhymtnhcaSchieffer.VthsnghmsautinvngvotrangWebsitenyvnhcativibiphngvnv c riba trmbnh lunvn, Schiefferni, ng, tuybit rtknghbo trctuyn,tuythvnsngstvcchnhanhkhngthtinni,rtin,vncmgtrnylmchomnhcbitn[amnhlnnhsng].

Cuchuynnylmtitm,chonntilnragtrnytInDCJournal.TnanhtalBillArdolino,vanhlgrtchuo.Titinhnhphngvnringcamnhvianhtatrctuyn lm sao khc c? v bt u bng hi v thit b anh dng vi t cchmtmng/bomt-ngi.

TidngmtmychiMP3/ghimnhxu(bainchrivhaiinch[~8,9x5cm])ghim,vmtmynhinthoisnhringchpnhngta,Ardolinoni.Khnghontongitnhnhchicmymt-trong-tt-cinthoi/mynh/myghim(hincbn),nhngdusaoinalmtsbytvtnhphbinkhpnivsthunhcacngngh.TimangthitbnyikhpD.C.milcbiv,ny,aibitc.CiclgyhonghthnlMr.Schiefferquytnhtrlinhanhthno,saukhibngilnonhybvovicccuhiphngvn.nglmtirtngcnhinthchth.

ArdolinonimychiMP3tnkhong125$.Nchyucthitkchinhc,anh

giithch,songcngcnggisnnhmtmyghimstoccfilemthanhWAVcthticlnmytnhVcbn,ticthnirnghngrobcvolmbocnthitbcmtay,ghimcbit,[bygi]khong100-200$n300$nuanhmunthmmtmynh,400$n500$chomtchicmyghimrtxinhvmtmynhthtxinh.[Nhng]200$lttccianhcnlmvic.

Cigthcyanhtatrthnhmngtintccaringmnh?

Lmmtnhboclplmtthringxutphttsthtvngcativthngtinthinlch,khngy,cchnlc,v/hockmcidophngtintruynthngchothuthp,Ardolinogiithch,anhdintmnhnhmtngitdotrung-hu.Nghlmbotdovngibconcan,blogging*,lbiulcacclclngthtrng-mtnhucukhngcccngunthngtinhintithomn.TibtuchpnhvlyphngvnvcccucmttinglnchngchintranhD.C.,vccphngtintruynthngbpmoththinbnchtcaccnhmtchccccucthp-[nh]nhngngiMarxistngoanc,nhngknghkhngbrrnghayngmngm,v.v.Tilcuchndnghihcnhmtcngc,nhngttichuynhng.Vng,ticnhiuquynlchn,quynlcathngipcatira.BiphngvnSchiefferthctthuchaimilmngnngithmtronghaimibngi.NgycaoimcatiktkhitibtulnmmilmngnkhitigipphRathergateTiphngvnchuyngiaphpyhngutrongcuchuynVbinhQucgiacaDanRather,vcbitsauTheWhashingtonPost,ChicagoSun-Times,Globe,NYT,v.vkimcng,trongvngbnmitmgi.

NhpthuthpvsathngtintrongcuchuynthbogiCBSgysngst,anhtatiptc.NkhngchlCBSNewsgybtcsaustht,cthchornghkhngththeokpmtiqunnhngngikimtrasthctntu.TcvscimcaphngtintruynthnglcigvtxaquytrnhcTilmtgimctipthhaimichntui[ngi]lunmunvitkimsngnhngcmghtschdyphongcchAP.NhGlennRaynolds[mt]berblogger*thchni,ccblogchongidnmtchingnglahtvoTVcahvcmttingnitrongqutrnh.Tinghlchngcdngnhloicamtngcpthnmhotngcngviccphngtintruynthngcho(thngmtnchnghaycpchochngthngtinth)vhotngtimtngnhmththngtrangtrivitbovbnhluncungcpmtphngtinmitthnhcng.

Gingnhiumtcatimanhnitrongcunschcaanh,ccckhacnhttvxucasphttrin.Svratngmnhcaccphngtintruynthnggyranhius

khngmchlchaynhnthcchnlc(hyxemsphncccancta),nhngncngphitptrunghoquynlcvtomtmbotthnrngsthttrnvnlutrongccmnh.

Trongbtcngychotrcnotacthbtgpbtcslngnocacccuchuyn,nhsbtgpgiaBobSchieffervBillArdolino,nichochngtarngcchthngthbccangcsanphngvsnchicsanbng.NhMicahL.SifrydintmtcchtinhttrongtpchTheNation(22-11-2004):Thiicahotngchnhtrttrnxungnicccucvnng,ccnhchvnghlmbolcccngngtchbitkhixhicchybngtbn[vn]khtchlu-quari.Cighoangdhn,hpdnhnvvcngthomnhnivicnhnnhngngithamgiaangxuthinkbntrttc.

TiarasbtgpSchieffer-Ardolinochnhmtthdvslmphngthgiixyranhanhhnnthnovlmthayiccquytc,ccvaitr,vccquanhnhanhhnchngtacthhnhdung.Vtuytibitlmtlisorng,dsaoinatiphini:Bnvnchathygc.Nhtitrnhbytmchngtip,chngtabcvomtphanichngtasthyssho,oho,vtnghomith.Nhnglichvnngsutslngkinhngciviccnc,cccngty,vcccnhncthhpthucccngccngnghmi.V chng taangbcvomtphaninhiungihncha tngbaogictrcytronglchsthgiisckhnngtipcnncccngcny-vitcchccnhimisngto,nhngngicngtc,v,thani,cvitcchnhngkkhngb.Bnnibnmunmtcuccchmng?Thy,cchmngthngtinthcsspbtu.TigiphaminylToncuho3.0bivntiptheoToncuho2.0,songtinghknguyntoncuhominystralmtskhcbitvmcscthy,theothigian,nhmtskhcbitvloi.lldovsaotiaratngrngthgiibinttrnthnhphng.minibnhngv,cchthngthbcbthchthctbndihaytbinitcccutrctrnxung[top-down]sangcccutrcngangvcngtchn.

Toncuholtchngtatmramtquanhthayigiaccchnhphvccdoanhnghip ln,DavidRothkopf,mt cuquan chc cp cao caBThngmi trongchnhquynClintonvbygilmtnhtvnchinlctnhn,ni.Nhngciangxyrangynaylmthintngrnghnnhiu,suschnnhiu.Nkhngnginlvccchnhph,ccdoanhnghip,vngidngiaothiprasao,khngchvcctchctngtcthno,mlvsnilncaccmhnhxhi,chnhtr,vkinhdoanhhontonmi.Nlvccthtcngncckhacnhsuscnht,thmcncnhtcaxhithngnbnchtcakhcxhi,Rothkopfnithm.Cigxyranuthcth

chnhtrmbnkhngcntngngvimtcngvicxyratrnkhnggianiukhin [khnggian o: cyberspace], haykhng cn thc sbaogmnhngngi laongcngtcvinhngngilaongkhcccxkhcnhaucaacu,haykhngcnthcslycccsnphmcsnxutnhiuchcngmtlc?Aiiiutitcngvic?Ainhthun?Aiphiclitcckhonthu?

Nutingvslmphngthgii,nscnghinhnhmttrongnhngthayicnbn-gingnhsnilncaccnhnc-qucgia[nation-state]hayCchmngCngnghip-mitrongs,thin,Rothkopflu,toranhngthayivvaitrcacccnhn,vaitrvhnhthccaccchnhph,cchthcchngtaimi,cchchngtatinhnhkinhdoanh,vaitrcaphn,cchchngtatinhnhchintranh,cchchngtagiodcbnthnmnh,cchtngiophnngli,cchnghthutbiul,cchkhoahcvnghincuctinhnh,khngnhcnccnhnchnhtrmchngtagnchochnhmnhvchoccithcachngta.Cccimchtnhtnhhayccbcngottronglchslnhnccimkhcbivnhngthayichngtoralccksurng,nhiukhacnh,vkhtinonvolcno,Rothkopfni.

Nuvincnhvslmphngnyvttcplc,trctrc,vccchiicngn-khinchobnlolngvtnglai,bnchngphimtmnhvcngkhngsai.Mikhinnvnminhtriquamttrongnhngcuccchmngcngnghtnph,gytrctrcnynhvicaramy in caGutenberg tonb thgii thayi theonhngcchsusc.Nhngccigvslmphngthgiislkhcvmtchtvinhngthayisusckhcnhvy:tcvbrngmnnmgi.Vicamyinvoxyratrongmtgiaionhngthpkvtrongthigiandichnhhngnmtphnnhcahnhtinh.CchmngCngnghipcngth.Qutrnhlmphngnyangxyravitcthinlch[warp]v trc tip hay gin tip ng chmn rt nhiu ngi trn hnh tinh ngay lp tc. Schuynisangknguynminycngnhanhvcngrng,thcngckhnngchoshnlon,trivimtschuyngiaoquynlcctrtttnhngngithngcsangchonhngngithngmi.

Dinttheocchkhc,nhngkinhnghimcacccngtycngnghcaotrongvithpninvaquacccngtythtbiloliquanhngthayinhanhdoccloilclngny gy ra trn thng trng ca chng c th lmt li cnh co cho tt c cc doanhnghip,ccnhch,ccnhncqucgiahingiangimtvinhngthayikhngthtrnhc,thmchcthtinoncny,nhngthiuslnho,tnhuynchuyn

vtrtngtngthchnghikhngphibivhkhngthngminhhaykhngthcc,mbivtcthayinginlmhchongngpkhngchnglic.

Vlvsaothchthctolnivithiichngtaslhpthunhngthayinytheocchsaochokhngbpngidnmcngkhnghlingsau.Chngcinotrongnhngcinysld.Nhnglnhimvcachngta.Nchcchnxyravkhngthtrnhc.Chnhthamvngcacunschnylxutmtkhungkhsuynghthnovnviukhinncholichtiacachngta.

Tichiasvibntrongchngnylmthnocnhntiphthinrarngthgiilphng.Chngtiptrnhbytmlmsaonitheohng.

Hai:Milclmphngthgii

KinhThnhchochngtabitrngChatorathgiitrongsungyvngythbyngingh.Viclmphngthgiikodihnmtcht.Thgiiclmphngbishitcamiskinchnhtr,simi,vcngtychnh.Chngaitrongchngtanghtkhi,hayclcbaogilisngh.Chngnylvcclclmphngthgiivnhiudngvcngcmichocngtcmslmphngnytora.

Lc lmphng#19/11/89:KhiccbctngxungvWindowsiln

LnutintithyTngBerlin,ncmtlri.

lthng12nm1990,vtiiBerlinviccphngvinatinvBtrngNgoigiaoJamesA.BakerIII.TngBerlinbchcthngmtnmtrc,ngy9thngMimtnm1989.Vng,trongmtstnhcthnbtuytvivngythng,bcTngBerlinngy9/11.Bctng,ngayctrngthibmthngvbv,vnlmtvtsoxuxngangBerlin.BtrngBakertinhnhcucvingthmutincangxemchngtchntnycachnghacngsnSoviet.Tingcnhngvimtnhmnhccphngvin. lmtngysngm,um,Bakernh li tronghik cang,ThePoliticsofDiplomacy,vtrongomacamnh,ticmthygingmtnhnvttrongmttiuthuytcaJohnleCarr.NhngkhitinhmquamtvtnttrnTng[gnReichstag]tithysmm[c]phngiicaoctrngchongBerlin,tinhnrarngnhngngidnthngcangctmnhtunghihnhngmtcchhobnhvkinnh.ylcuccchmngcah.SaukhiBakernhmxongquabctngvtinln,ccphngvinchngtilnltnhmquacnglbtnglmchmy.Timangmtimingtngvnh cho cc congi ti.Tinhnghn cvquin lmsao -qu thc,mtchuynthtkqui,bctngximngnyunkhcngangmtthnhphhinichvmcchduynhtngnngidnbnkiahngth,thmchthongthy,tdo.

SspbcTngBerlinngy9/11/89thcclclngcuicnggiiphngttcnhngngibgiamcmcachSoviet.Nhngn,thcra,lmnhiuhnrtnhiu.Nlmnghingcncnquynlctrnthgiivphaccnctnthnhcaitrdnch,ngthun,theohngthtrngtdo,vrixaccncnghscaitrconviccnnkinhtkhochhotptrung.ChintranhLnhlmtcucutranhgiahaihthngkinht-chnghatbnvchnghacngsnvvisspcabctng,chcnlimththngvmingiphinhhngmnhtheonbngcchnyhaycchkhc.Tnaytri,ngycngnhiunnkinhtsccaiquntdilnbilich,yucu,vnguynvngcanhndn,hnlttrnxungbicclichcablcaitrhpno.Trongvnghainm,khngcnchSovietnanpsauhayymtrchoccchconChu,Trungng,ChuPhi,hayMLatin.Nubnkhnglmtnndnchhaymtxhidnchho,nutiptcbmchtvohotngkinhtiutitmnhhayk

hochhotptrung,bnbcoilphasaicalchs.

ivimtsngi,cbitgiaccthhgi,y lsbinikhngchoannghnh.Chnghacngsnlmththngvilmchongitanghongangnhau.Thcrachovictrnthgiikhngchthngnotthnchnghacngsn.Chnghatbnlmchongitagiukhngngu,vivimtsngiquenvicungcchsngcmci,hnch,nhngantonXhichngha-nimtviclm,nh,giodc,vlnghu,chodxong,ttccmbo-sspcaTngBerlinlvcngnglo.Songivinhiungikhc,nlmttmthtdongoinht.lvsaosspcaTngBerlinccmnhnnhiuninvyhnchBerlin,vvsaosspcanlmtskinlmphngthgiinhvy.

Quthc,nhgingcctcnglmphngsurngcasspTngBerlin,ttnhtitrchuynvinhngngikhngphichayNga.TarunDasnguLinminhCngnghipnkhibctngBerlin,vngthynhhnglntnsutltrnhcannn.Chngticngkhnglnyvquynh,kimsotvquanliu,ngnhli.Nehrulnnmquyn[sausktthccaitrthucacaAnh]vcmtnckhnglcaiqun,vkhngckinhnghimnoviuhnhtnc.HoaKbnvichuuvNhtBnvkhochMarshall.ChonnNehrunglnphngbc,quadyHimalaya,vcnhmkinhtgiacangiMoscow.Htrvvnincny[LinX]gykinhngc.Hphnbccngunlc,cpccgiyphp,cmtubankhochquytnhttcmith,vtncchuynng.ChonnchngtitheomhnhvqunrngchngticmtkhuvctnhnKhuvctnhnbtdibctngquynhny.Vo1991,khuvctnhnvn,nhngbchegiu,vcsngvcvvickinhdoanh.Chngkimli!Tonbcshtngt1947n1991donhncshu[Gnhnngcashunhnc]hunhlmphsntnc.Chngtikhngckhnngtrcckhonncamnh.Nhmtdntc,chngtikhngcsttin.Chcchn,chngticththngvicucchintranhviPakistan,nhngiukhngchoqucgiasttin.

Nm1991,vincnhtngoitmnh,ManmohanSingh,btrngbtichnhlc(vlthtngbygi),quytnhrngnphimnnkinhtcamnh.BcTngBerlincachngtisp,Dasni,vngingnhthmtconhbnhttrongci.Kimsotthngmibbib.Chngtiluntngtrng3phntrm,cgiltltngtrngHinduchm,thntrng,vboth.kim[litctthn],bnphiiM.y,banmsau[cicch1991]chngtitngtrng7phntrm.Kchasnghonn!Bygikim[n]bncthlinvtrthnhmttrongnhngngigiunhtthgiica

tpchForbesTtcccnmxhichnghavkimsotychngtixungdcnimchngtichc1t$ngoit.Ngynaychngtic118t$Chngtiitsttintrmlngnhoibomnhlittrongmtthpk.

SspTngBerlinkhngchgiplmphngcclachnkhdchochnghatbnthtrngtdovcitrichonhngnnglctolnbdnnnivihngtriungiccninhn,Brazil,TrungQuc,vchSoviettrcy.Ncngchophpchngtanghvthgiikhcinhnnnhmttonthkhngcvtkhuni.BivTngBerlinkhngchchnngchngta;nchntmnhncachngta-khnngcachngtanghvthgiinhmtthtrngnnht,mthsinhthinnht,mtcngngnnht.Trc1989,cthcmtchnhschphngnghaychnhschphngTy,songkhnghvcmtchnhschtoncu.AmartyaSen,nhkinhtnotgiiNobelbygidyHarvard,mtlnlutirngTngBerlinkhngchlmtbiutngvgingidnbntrongngcnlcchngncnmtloitmnhntoncuvtnglaicachngta.ChngtakhngthtduyvthgiimtcchtoncukhiTngBerlincn.Chngtakhngthnghvthgiinhmttngth.CmtcuchuynthvtingSanskrit,Sennithm,vmtconchsinhratrongmtciging,vsngsutitronggingy.Ncmtthgiiquanbaogmciging,ngni.ivinhiungitrnhnhtinhlcithgiigingnhtrckhibctngsp.Khitngsp,ngingnhconchtronggingtnhinckhnnglinlcvinhngconchccgingkhcNuticatngsspbctng,chnhlvtitinchcrngchngtacthhctnhaunhiunthno.Huhttrithclhcctngikhcquabingii.

Vng,thgiitrthnhchtthnsngsau9/11,vmisbngphttdokchthchmtsbngphtkhc,vbnthnqutrnhcmttcnglmphngquaccxhi,cngcnhngngidivlmyunhngktrn.Quyntdocaphn,Senlu,nuchmtthd,thcyphnbitcbitvit,cxuhnggimsinhvtlchttremvtngccchiviclmchophn,rinhhngnithoichnhtrvchophnchicvaitrlnhntrongtqunaphng.

Cuicng,stngkhngchmngchonhiungihnkhaithcqutrithccanhau.Ncngmngchochpnhncctiuchunchung-cctiuchunvnnkinhtnnciuhnhrasao,ktonnnclmthno,hotngngnhngnncqunlrasao,ccmyPCcsnxutthno,vccbibokinhtnncvitrasao.Tistholuniunymunhn,songylnirngcctiuchunchungto

ramtsnchiphnghn,bnghn.Dinttheocchkhc,stnglmtngsdichuyntdocacctpqunttnht.Khimttiuchunkinhthaykthutnilnvtchngtmnhtrnvithgii,ncchpnhnnhanhhnnhiusaukhibctngkhngcnngncn.Chringchuu,tngmngchoshnhthnhLinMinhchuuvsmrngntmilmthnhhaimilmnc.iu,kthpvisxuthincaeuronhmtngtinchung,toramtkhuvckinhtnnhttmtvngmtthibbcMnStchiact.

Trongkhiccnhhngtchcccastngrngay,nguynnhngyranvncharlm.khngcmtnguynnhnnnht.mcnoychnhccconminrungnnmngcaLinX,hthngbccmuthunnitiringvtnhphihiuqucanlmsuyyuri;mcnostchtqunscachnhquynReaganchuubucKremlintphsndochichoccun;vmcnocccgngbtlccaMikhailGorbachevcicchcikhngthcicchniktliuchnghacngsn.Songnutiphichramtyutnhciutingianhngcingangnhau,lcchmngthngtinbtuvoungiaccnm1980.Cchthngtontrphthucvoscquynthngtinvvlc,vcqunhiuthngtinbtututquabcMnSt,nhsphbincaccmyfax,inthoi,vcccngctruynthnghinikhc.

MtkhilngtihncaccmyPCIBM,vhiuhnhWindowsachngvocucsng,ncngnhaukhongcngthikmbctng,vsphbincachngnginhvoquanticachnghacngsn,bivchngcckcithintruynthngtheochiungangchichochnhhnhthcttrnxungmchnghacngsndavo.Chngcngtngcngmnhmviccnhnthuthpthngtinvstraoquynchocnhn.(Mithnhtcacchmngthngtinnydonhngtinhotchrigyra:mnginthoitinhotmongmuncangidnnichuynvinhautxa.Myfaxtinhonhcchtruynthngvnbntrnmnginthoi.Mytnhcnhnccc(trnh)ngdngstth[killerapps]*-bngtnhvxlvnbn.VWindowstinhotnhucubinttcccthnythnhcthdngcvlptrnhcbiichng).MyIBMPCutinvcthtrngnm1981.Cnglc,nhiunhkhoahcmytnhkhpthgiibtusdngccthgilInternetve-mail.PhinbnWindowsutincbnnm1985,vphinbntphthct lmchoPCthtsthnthinvingidngWindows3.0-cxutbnngy22-5-1990,chsuthngsaukhibctngsp.Trongcngthikny,mtsngikhcccnhkhoahcbtuphthinrarngnuhmua

mtPCvmtdial-upmodem,hcthktniPCcahviinthoivchuyne-mailquaccnhcungcpdchvInternettnhnnhCompuservevAmericaOnline.

Sphbincamytnhcnhn,myfax,Windows,vdial-upmodemnivimnginthoitoncuttcncngnhauvocuiccnm1980vuccnm1990toranncbnkhingcchmngthngtintoncu,CraigJ.Mundie,tnggimckthutcaMicrosoft,lplun.Muchtlshpnhtcattcchnglithnhmththngtnghot[cthhotngvinhau]duynht.iuxyra,Mundieni,mtkhichngtacmtnntnhtoncchunhodngthmyIBMPCcngvimtgiaodinngidnghochunhochox l vnbnvbng tnh -Windows cngvimt cngctruynthngchunhodial-upmodemvmngliinthoitoncu.Mtkhitacnntnghotcbn,thcctrnhngdngstthysphbincanrngkhpmini.

Ngidnthyrnghthcsthchlmttcnhngthnytrnmtmytnh,vhthtscithinnngsut,Mundieni.TtcchngcshpdncnhnrngrivkhincnhnngidnngdyvmuamtPCcthchyWindowsvttrnbncah,viubucstruynbnntnhtonminyvothgiitnhtoncngtycnnhiuhnna.Ngitani,Ch,cmtvtquy,vchngtaphitndngn.

Windowsccngccngtrthnhhiuhnhhngu,Mundienithm,cngcnhiungilptrnhivitccngdngchothgiikinhdoanhgiucavomytnhcah,chonnhcthlmnhiuvickinhdoanhmivkhc,iubtulmtngnngsutcnhnna.HngchctriungitrnkhpthgiitrthnhcclptrnhvinkhinPClmmithhmunbngngnngringcah.Windowscuicngcdchrabamitmngnng.NgidnckhnnglmquenviPCbngngnngcachnhmnh.

ylhontonmivlth,nhngchngtakhngcqunnnPC-Windowsbanunynngcnnthno.Nnnybrngbucbiqunhiugiihnkintrc,Mundieni.thiuhtngcs.Internetnhchngtabitngynay-viccgiaothctruyndngnhcphpmu,cthktnimingivmith-vnchaniln.Quaylihi,ccmngchcccgiaothcrthnchtraoifilevccthngipe-mail.Chonnnhngngidngccmytnhvicngloihiuhnhvphnmmcthtraoitiliuquae-mailhaychuynfile,nhngngayclmvicnycngkhrcrinnchcgiiuttinhcmichukh.Bnkhngthnginngixungvvomte-mailhaymt

filechobtcaibtcu-cbitbnngoicngtycachnhbnhayngoidchvInternetringcabn-cchmbncthlmhinnay.ng,nhngngidngAOLcthlinlcvinhngngidngCompuServe,nhngvicchngngincngkhngtincy.Ktqul,Mundieni,mtlngdliuvsngtokhngltchttrongttcccmytnh,songkhngccchddng,tnghotnochiasnvnhonnn.Ngitacthvitccngdngmichophpcchthngcchnhotngcngnhau,nhngnichungiunychgiihnchonhngtraoidkingiaccPCbntrongmngcamtcngtynnht.

Giaionnyt9/11ngia1990vndnnstinbtolnvtraoquyncnhn,chodmngcnhnch.lthikcaTivmycatibygicthnichuynvinhautthnvnhanhhn,nncnhnticthlmnhiuvichnvthikcaTivmycatibygicthnichuynvivibnbvvingitrongcngtycatitthnv nhanh hn, nn chng ti c kt qu hn. Cc bc tng sp v cc ca s-Windows-m,lmchothgiiphngnhiuhnbaogihtnhngthiicatruynthngtoncusunsvncharng.

Tuytakhngnn,cmtntchitaitrongthiimilthny.khngchcngiMngiucngvingidncachSoviettndngssptngvicngchovic.AikhcnnglikhngphismbanhmlcphThc.TnhnlOsamabinLadenvhncmtchuynkkhc.QuanimcahnlcctaysngjihadAfghanistan,mhnlmt,lngihbchSovietbngbucHngQunrtkhiAfghanistan(visgipcaMvPakistan).VmtkhismnghonttnhngngiSoviethonttvicrtqunvo15-2-1989,chchnthngtrckhiTngBerlinsp-binLadenngquanhvthyrngsiucngkia,HoaK,cshindintolnquhn,SaudiArabia,quhngcahaithnhphIslamthinglingnht.Vhnkhngthchiu.

Nhth,trongkhinhymatrnbctng[]vmWindowscachngtavtuynbrngkhngcnlachnhttngkhdnochochnghatbnthtrngtdona,binLadenquaysngcahnngmvoM.CbinLadenvRonaldReagancoiLinXnhchcqu,nhngbinLadeninnhnMcng lcqu.Hncmt lachnhttngkhdchochnghatbnthtrngtdoIslamchnhtr.HnkhngcmthybschmdtcaLinXnhbi;hncmthynlmhnbodn.Hnkhngcmthyhpdnvisnchicmrng;hncmthybnctuyt.Vhnkhngphicmtmnh.MtsnginghrngRonaldReagankotng,bnglmphsnLinXqua

chyuavtrang;nhngngikhcnghIBM,SteveJobs,vBillGateskotngbngtraoquynchocccnhnti tnglaixung.Nhngthgiikhc,xMuslim,nhiunginghbinLadenvccngchcahnkochSovietvbctngvinhithuyttngio,vhngtriungitrongshctruyncmhngtiqukhln.Tmli,trongkhichngtacatng9/11,cchtgingcamtngyngnhkhc-11/9cgieo.Nhngsninhiuhnviumunhntrongcunschny.Bygi,hychoslmphngtiptc.

Lclmphng#29/8/95:KhiNetscapelnsn[bncphiulnuchocngchng]

Vogiaccnm1990,cchmngmngPC-Windowstccgiihncan.Nuthgiitrnnthcscktni,vthcsbtutriphngra,cchmngcnivophatiptheo.Vphatip,MundiecaMicrosoftlu,litmtnntnhtondatrnPCsangmtnntngtnhtondavoInternet.Ccngdngstthphtngphaminyle-mailvtrnhduytInternet.E-mailcthcybiccportal[cng]tiudngmrngnhanh chng nhAOL, CompuServe, v cui cngMSN. Nhng c killer appmi, trnhduytWebcthlycctiliuhaycctrangWebcchaccWebsitetrnInternetvhinthchngtrnbtcmnhnhmytnhnocithcsthuhtctrtngtng.VkhinimthctvWorldWideWeb-mththngtora,tchc,vlinktcctiliusaochochngcthcduytmtcchddngcnhkhoahcmytnhAnhTimBerners-Leetora.nglpWebsiteutinnm1991,trongmtnlcnuimtmngmytnhchophpccnhkhoahcchiasddngnghincucah.Ccnhkhoahcvnhhnlmkhctoramtstrnhduyt[browser]ltWebbanuny,nhngbrowserchoutinv tonbvnhoduytWebchoqungiqunchng-ctorabimtcngtykhinghipbxuMountainView,California,cgilNetscape.Netscaperacngchngngy9thng8,1995,vthgiikhngcngingnhtrcna.

Nh John Doerr, nh t bnmo him huyn thoim hng ca ng, Kleiner PerkinsCaulfield&Byers,nghNetscape,dint,Netscapechobnlnuchocngchng[IPO]lmttinggivanglnhivithgiitnhdyhngtiInternet.Chonkhiy,nchllnhacanhngngicibinbanuvcctaycphch.

PhadoNetscapegyradnqutrnhlmphngtheonhiuhngthencht:Ncho

chngtabrowserthngmiphbinrngriutinltInternet.NetscapebrowserkhngchlmchoInternetsngngmcnkhinchoInternetcthtruycpcivimingitatrnmtuincgitmmi lmtui. Internetcngsngng,cngnhiungitiudngmunlmccvickhcnhautrnWeb,nnhcngihinhiumytnh,phnmm,ccmngvinthngcthddngshovnbn,mnhc,dliu,vnhvtruynchngquaInternetnmytnhcabtkaikhc.Nhucunycthomnbimtskinxctckhc:Windows95trnhlng,cgiaotunlsauNetscapeacphiucanracngchng.Windows95mauchngtrthnhhiuhnhcnhiungidng nht khp th gii, v khng ging cc phin bnWindows trc, n c s h trInternetci sn, chonnkhngch ccbrowserm tt cccngdngPCc th bitvInternetvtngtcvin.

Nhnli,cichophpNetscapectcnhlstnti,tphasmhn,cahngtriuPC,nhiumycsnmodemri.lnhngcivaimNetscapenglntrn.CimNetscapelmlaramtngdngstthmibrowser-chosPCclptny,lmchomytnhvtnhktnicanhuchhnmtcchvncchohngtriungi.nltniunylmnibtmtsbngnvcuivimithdigital[s]vchmngicnstInternet,vminhutnhnvoInternetvktlunlnumithscsho-dliu,khohng,thngmi,sch,mnhc,nh,vgiitrvcchuynvbntrnInternet,thcuviccsnphmvdchvdavoInternetsvtn.iunydntibongbngcphiudot-comvmtsutqumcvocpquangcnchuyntittcthngtinsmi.Sphttrinny,nltn,nidytonbthgiilivinhau,v,khngcaithcsdkin,binBangalorethnhngoicaBoston.

Hynhnvomitrongnhngtintrinny.

KhitingiviJimBarksdale,nguynCEOcaNetscape,phngvnngchocunschny,tigiithchchongrngmttrongccchngtrclvmiimi,skin,vxuhnglmphngthgii.Skinutin,tibong,l9/11,vtigiithchtmquantrngcangy.Ritini,tixemnungcthphngontmquancangythhai,9/8.Ttccitinichongl:9/8.ChcnmtgiyBarksdalesuynghtrckhiphnglivicutrling:NgyNetscapelnsn,racngchng!

taitranhcirngBarksdalelmttrongnhngnhkhinghipMvi.nggipFederalExpressphttrinhthngtheodivtmvtbukincan,sauchuynsangMcCawCellular,mtcngtyinthoiding,dngnln,vtrngcoishpnhtcan

viAT&Tnm1994.ngtrckhivicbnktthc,mthead-hunter[ngikimngiti]tipcnngmilmCEOcamtcngtymigilMosaicCommunications,clpbihainhimihuynthoiJimClarkvMarcAndreessen.Gia1994,Clark,ngsnglpcaSiliconGraphics,chungscviAndreessenthnhlpMosaic,cngtymauchngcitnlNetscapeCommunications.Andreessen,mtnhkhoahcmytnhtrtiba,vadnumtdnphnmmnhNCSA[TrungtmQucgiavccngdngSiutnh-NationalCenterforSupercomputingApplications],ttiihcIllinois,phttrinWebbrowsercktquthcsutin,cngcgilMosaic.ClarkvAndreessennhanhchng hiu c timnng khng l ca phnmmduytWeb v quyt nh hp tc thngmihon.KhiNetscapebtuln,hvitiBarksdalevsdndtvsthuhiucchhaynhtracngchngthno.

Ngynaychngtacoicngnghbrowsernyldnhin,nhngthcsnlmttrongnhngsngchquantrngnhttronglchscni.KhiAndreessentrcyphngthnghimNCSAihcIllinois,anhthymnhcccPC,ccmytrm,vsktnimngcbndichuynfilequanhInternet,nhngnvnchaththngth-bivchngcgduyt,khngcgiaodinngidngkovhin thnidungccWebsitecanhngngingikhc.ChonnAndreessenvicaanhphttrinMosaicbrowser,lmchobtckngc,nhkhoahc,sinhvin,haybginocthxemcccWebsite.MarcAndreessenkhngsngchraInternet,nhnganhlmnhiunhbtccnhnnolmchonsngngvtruynbn.

Mosaicbrowserbtunm1993vimihaingidng,vtibitttcmihaingi,Andreessenni.ChckhongnmmiWebsitekhivchnghuhtchlcctrangWebnl.Mosaic,anhgiithch,ctitrbiQuKhoahcQucgia-NationalScience Foundation [NSF]. Tin thc s khng c phn b cho xy dngMosaic.Nhmchngtiphilmmtphnmmchophpccnhkhoahcdngccsiumytnhtccvtrxa,vnivichngbngmngNSF.Chonnchngtixydng[browserutinnh]cccngcphnmmchophpccnhnghincu duytnghincucanhau.Tinhnnnhmtvngphnhidng:Cngnhiungicbrowser,cngnhiungimuncktni,vscngcnhiukhuynkhchhntonidungvccngdngvcngc.Mtkhiloivickhing,ncthctcnhvhunhchnggcthchnn.Khiphttrinn,bnkhngchcbtcaisdngn,nhngngaykhinkhingchngtihiurngnucbtcaidngnthmingisdngn,vkhichcnvnlnslanranhanhthnovcigcthlnhngcntrtrnng.

Quthc,aithbrowser,kcBarksdale,ccngphnngbanu:Ch!Mih,tpchFortunecmtbivhaimilmcngtyngonnht[coolest]khpni,Barksdalenhli.Nm[1994]Mosaiclmttrongs.TikhngchcvClarkvAndreessenmquaysangbovti,Emyu,ylmttngln.Vrichvitunmunhntinhncinthoitheadhunter.ChonntixungvnichuynviDoerrvJimClark,tibtudngphinbnbetacaMosaicbrowser.Cngdngnticngbhpdnhn.Tcuiccnm1980,ngitadnglncccsdliuvitruycpInternet.BarksdalenirngsaukhinichuynviDoerrvClark,ngvnh,gombaaconngquanhmytnhcang,vhimiagimtchcthduytInternettmvlmchngthnphcbngtcigchomia.Victhuytphcti,Barksdaleni.Chonntigilichoheadhuntervni,tilngicang.Browser thng mi u tin ca Netscape c th chy trn mt IBM PC, mt AppleMacintosh,haymtmytnhUnix-cphthnhthng12-1994,vtrongvngmtnmnhontonchngthtrng.BncthtiNetscapexungminphnubntrongngnhgiodchayphilinhun.Nubnlmtcnhn,bncthnhgiphnmmminphtheoshilngcamnhvmuantrnanubnmun.Nubnlmtcngty,bncthnhgiphnmmchochnmingy.Andreessenni,Ldocnbnl:Nubncscthanhtonmuan,xinhylmth.Nukhng,hydngndusaoina.Vsao?Vttcvicdngminphkchthchmtstngtrngtvmng,iuqugiivittccckhchhngtrtin.cktqu.

ChngtiaNetscapebrowserln,Barksdaleni,vngitatinxungminphchothbathng.Tichabaogithykhilngnhth.iviccdoanhnghiplnvchnhph,nchophphktnivgiiphngttcthngtincah,vhthngpoint-and-click [tr-v-nhp chut]mMarcAndreessen sng ch ra chophpngi thngdngn,khngchccnhkhoahc.Viulmchonlmtcuccchmngthts.Vchngtini,Cinyschtngvtngvtng.

Chnggchnn,vlvsaoNetscapengmtvaitrlmphnghtscquantrngkhc:NgipkhinInternetthcscthtnghot.BnsnhlirngtrongphaTngBerlin-PC-Windows,cccnhnce-mailvcccngtyce-mailnibchathktnirtxa.Bnhtuyn[router]InternetutincaCisco, thcra,cmtivchngxydngStanfordnhngngimuntraoie-mail;mtngi lmvicxamtmytnhln[mainframe]vngikiatrnmtPC,vhkhngthktni.Ccmngcngtythil[shu]ringvrinhau,Andreessenni.Mi[mng]cccnhdng,

ccgiaothcring,vcccchkhcnhaulmnidung.Vthttccccothngtinny tch ri nhau. V khi Internet ni ln nhmt cuc kinh doanhmo him c tnhthngmi,cngcng,cmtminguyhimthcsrngnsnilntheocngcchrinhau.

JoephngktonmunlnPCcamnhvnphngvthlyccsliudoanhthuminhtcho1995,nhnganhkhngthlmvicvphngbnhngchthngkhcvihthngmphngktondng.cnhmtnginitingcvngikhcnitingPhp.VriJoeni,ChotithngtingiaohngminhtthngGoodyearvloiv[lp]xenohgichochngta,vanhtathyrngGoodyeardngmththnghontonkhc,vilTopekalidngmththngkhcna.RiJoevnhvthyaconhclpbycamnhtmtrnWWWchobilunhck,dngccgiaothcm,vngvocctisncabotngnghthutnoPhp.VJoeni,Thtlin.Phicmtthgiihontonktni.TrongccnmtrckhiInternettrthnhctnhthngmi,Andreessengiithch,ccnhkhoahcphttrinmtlotccgiaothcmcnhlmchohthnge-mailcamingihaymngmytnhihcktnisunsvihthngcamingikhc-mborngkhngaicuthcbitno.Ccgiaothcdavotonhcny,chophpccdngcsnichuynvinhau,gingnhccngthndium,mtkhichpnhnchngchomngcabn,skhinchobntngthchvimingikhc,btkhchyloimytnhg.Ccgiaothcny(vvncn)cbitnbngcctnchcihlncachng:chyulFTP,HTTP,SSL,SMTP,POP,vTCP/IP.Cngnhau,chngtothnhmththngvnchuyndliuquanhInternetmtcchtngianton,btkcngtybnhaycchgianhcmngghaybndngmytnhhayinthoidinghaythitbcmtayg.Migiaothccmtchcnngkhcbit:TCP/IPlhthngng[nc]cbncaInternet,haycctoaxelacbn,trnttcccthkhctrnncxydngvdichuynkhpni.FTPdichuynccfile;SMTPvPOPdichuynccthngipe-mail,chngctiuchunho,saochochngcthcvitvctrncchthnge-mailkhcnhau.HTMLlmtngnngchophpngidnthngtoracctrangWebmbtcaicthhinthvimtWebbrowser.NhngvicaHTTPvodichuyncctiliuHTMLikhpnilcisinhraWorldWideWebnhchngtabit.Cuicng,khingitabtudngcctrangWebchothngmiint,SSLctoracungcpsantonchoccgiaodchdatrnWeb.

KhisduytvInternetnichungtngln,Netscapemunlmchochcchnrng

Microsoft,vischngthtrngtolncan,skhngckhnngchuynccgiaothcWebnytccchunmsangchunringmchcccmychMicrosoftmickhnngxl.Netscapegipmborngccgiaothcmnyskhnglshuringbngcchthngmihochngchocngchng,Andreessenni.Netscapexuthinkhngchvibrowsermvimthccsnphmphnmmthchinttcccchunmnychoccnhkhoahccthlinlcvinhaubtkhtrnhthngno-mtsiumytnhCray,mtMacintosh,haymtPC.Netscapeckhnngchomingimtldothtsni,timuntheochunmivimithtilmvivimihthngtilmvicvi.MtkhichngtitoramtcchduytInternet,ngitamunmtcchphquttruycpncic.ChonnbtcaimunchunmnNetscape,nichngtihtrh,hayhisanggiingunmvcccngccchunminphnhngkhngchtr,hayhnccnhcungcptnhncahvni,tiskhngmuaringcaanhnatiskhngngkvovnctngbaocaanhna.TichlivianhnuanhktniviInternettheoccgiaothcmny.

Netscapebtuyccchunmnyquavicbnbrowsercan,vcngchngpngnhittnh.Sunbtulmvyviccmychcan,vMicrosoftlmvyviWindows95, coi vic duyt h trng n mc n xy dng browser ring ca mnh trc tip voWindowsviInternetExplorerthmvo.Mi[cngty]nhnrarngcngchng,tnhinkhngthcte-mailvduyt,muncccngtyInternetlmviccngnhauvtoramtmngcthtnghot.Hmuncccngtycnhtranhvinhauvccngdngkhcnhau,tcl,vcimngitiudngcthlmmtkhihlnInternet-chkhngphivlmthnohlnInternetlnu.Ktqul,saukhkhcccucchinnhdnggiacccngty ln,vocuiccnm1990nntngtnhtonInternetctchhpmtcchsuns.Chngmychcbtcaickhnngktnivibtcaikhcbtcutrnbtcmyno.Horalgitrcatnhtngthchivimingilcaohnnhiugitrcaviccduytrmngctngbaocnconcaringbn.Stchhpnylmtlclmphngkhngl,bivnchophpnhiunvyngicktnivirtrtnhiungikhc.

khngthiunginghingthi,hnirngchngcinotrongsnyshotngvnquphctp,Andreessennhli.AnhphiiravkimmtPCvmtdial-upmodem.Ttcnhngnginghinguni,Cnthigianlungitathayiccthiquenvhcmtcngnghmi.[Nhng]ngitalmvicrtnhanh,vminmsauctmtrmtriungitrnInternet.Ldo?Ngidnsthaythiquennhanhkhihc

mtldomnhmlmvy,vngitacmtsthithcbmsinhktnivingikhc,Andreessenni.Vkhibnchongitamtcchmiktnivingikhc,hschcthngbtcrocnkthutno,hshcccngnngmi-ngidncnimngmunktnivingikhcvh thykhchukhngckhnng lmvy. lciNetscapegiiphng.NhJoelCawley,phtnggimcvchinlccngtycaIBM,dint,Netscapetoramtchunvlmthnodliucthcchuynvspxptrnmnhnhnginvhpdnnmcbtcnginovmingicthimisngtotrnn.Nnhanhchngtngquymrakhptoncuvchomingittrconncccngty.

Mah1995,BarksdalevccngnghipNetscapecangimtchuynbiudinlungkiucviccnhngnhnguttMorganStanleythcmdccnhutkhptncmuacphiucaNetscapemtkhinracngchng.Khichngtitrnng,Barksdaleni,MorganStanleynicphiucthbncaogi14$.Nhngsaukhichuyntrnhdinangtintrin,hnhnccuivicphiu,hquytnhtnggp i gim ca ln 28 $. Chiu cui cng trc khi khi bn, tt c chng ti u Maryland.ltrmcuicachngti.Chngticmtonxelimousineen.ChngtinhngingmtnhmMafiano.Chngticntipxcvi[tnghnhdinhca]MorganStanley,nhngchngtiuniinthoidingcachngtikhngcsng.Chonnchngtikovohaitrmxngchonhauny,ttcccxelimoenny,giinthoi.ChngtigiMorganStanley,vhni,chngtinghanravigi31$.Tibo,Khng,hygi28$,bivtimunngidnnhnlmtloicphiu20$,chkhngphi30$,nhtrongtrnghpkhngrtthnhcng.Rinhvysnghmsauticcucgihinghvnckhibnvigi71$.ngcavi56$ngbnghaigitiara.

Netscapecuicnglnnnhncaplccnhtranhlnt(v,ctoquytnh,c quyn) t Microsoft. Quyt nh ca Microsoft cho khng browser ca n, InternetExplorer,nhmtphncahiuhngWindowscavthngtr,kthpvikhnngca n nm nhiu lp trnh vin vo duytWeb hn l Netscape, dn th phn caNetscapengycnggim.Cuicng,Netscapecbnvigi10t$choAOL,mAOLchngbaogilmgmyvin.NhngtuyNetscapecthchlmtngisaobngvphngdinthngmi,nlngisaothno,vlivtrasao.

Chngticlihunhtu,Barksdaleni.Netscapekhngphilmtdot-com.Chngtikhngthamgiavobongbngdot-com.Chngtikhingbongbngdot-com.

Vnlmtbongbngthno.

VicNetscaperacngchngkchngnhiuth,Barksdaleni.Ccnhcngnghthchccthcngnghmincthlm,vngikinhdoanhvdnthngbkchthchvhcthkimcbaonhiutin.Ngitanhnthyttcltrnyttcukimtintyvni,nubntrcthlmvicnyvkimtonbstin,ticngcth.Tnhthamlamcthlmtiuxu-ngitanghhcthkimcrtnhiutinmkhnglmvicnhiu.Nchcchndnnmtmcutquang,y lninhi.Mitngngngnvngngnhnuctitr.

CigkhinccnhutitinrngcuvsdngInternetvccsnphmlinquannInternetslvtn?Cutrlingngnlsho.MtkhicchmngPC-Windowschngtchomingigitrcakhnngshothngtinvxlntrnmytnhvccbxlvnbn,vmtkhibrowserlmsngngInternetvkhincctrangWebhtvmavhinth,aicngmunmithcshocngnhiucngttsaochohcthginnaikhcccquangngInternet.Nhthcchmngshobtu.Sholmtqutrnhthndiutheotng,mnhc,dliu,film,file,nhcchuynthnhccbitvbytenhngkthpcaccs1vs0cthcthaotctrnmnhnhmytnh,cha[vxl]trnmtvixl,hayctruynquavtinhvquacpquang.Buinlnitithngngith,nhngmtkhiInternettrnnsngng,timunthcaticshoticthe-mailn.Chpnhthnglmtqutrnhphctpdnhnfilmtrngbcckhaitccmcchxanavngtrit.Tithngquenchpnhvimycamnh,rimangfilmnhiugiinmtxnglnuxl.NhngmtkhiInternetlmchocthginhvngquanhthgii,gnvohaytronge-mail,tikhngcnmundngfilmbcna.Timunchpccbcnhvinhdngs,cthtiln,chkhngphi trng. (Vnhn tin, tikhngmunbgiihndngmynhchp.Timunckhnngdnginthoidingcamnhlmvic).TithngquennhiuschBarnes&Noblemuavxemltccsch,nhngmtkhiInternettrnnsngng,ticngmunngltccschdngstrnAmazon.comna.Tithngquennthvintmkim,nhngbygitimunlmvicdngsquaGooglehayYahoo!,khngchbnglangthanggiaccgisch.TiquenmuaCDvnghecccasSimonvGarfunkelccaCDthaythccalbumrinhmtdngnhccshonhngkhiInternettrnnsngng,timunccbitmnhctrnnthmchdbohnvding.TimunckhnngtichngxungmtiPod.Trongccnmvaquacngnghshotinhovticthlmngiu.

Thy,khiccnhutquanstsxishomith,hnivichnhmnh,Conblinhthing.NuaicngmunshottcccthnybinthnhccbitvtruynquaInternet,thcuchocccngtydchvWebvcuivicpquangxlttcccthcshonyquanhthgiislvtn!Bnkhngththuanuutvoy!.

Vnhthbongbnghnhthnh.

utqungkhngnhtthitlmtvicxu-viiukincuicngnchiuchnh.TislunnhbuihpbomchtchMicrosoftBillGatestchcDinnKinhtThgii1999tiDavos,nhcabongbngkthut.CcphngvindndpbbomGatesviccphinbncacuhi,ngGatescccphiuInternetnylbongbng,ngkhng?Chcchnchnglbongbng.Chngphilmtbongbng?CuicngGatesintitnichoccphngvincigvnhhng,Ny,bnmy,ttnhinchnglbongbng,nhngttccccuukhngnmcimchnh.BongbngnythuhtrtnhiuvnchocngnghipInternetny,nsthcysiminhanhhnvnhanhhn.GatessoInternetvivicxitmvng,tnglkimcnhiutinhnbngbnqunbLevi,cucchim,xng,vphngkhchsnchonhngkovnghnltovnglntlngt.Gatesng:Cccnstvbongbngvmtkinhtcthlnguyhim;chngcthktthcvinhiungimttinvrtnhiucngtyphsn.Songcngthngkhiniminhanhhnvnhanhhn,vnnglcthahontondochngkhchl-btlunlvngsthaytcthtoracchqutchcckhngchcaringn.

lcixyravicnstcphiuInternet.Nchmngisutqungkhnglvocccngtycpquang,richngtrtnhiucpquangtrntlinvdiyccidng,iuygithnhcamtcucgiinthoihaytruyndliubtcutrnthgiixungmtcchykchtnh.

Lpththngcpquangthngmiutinvonm1977,saucpquangdndnthaythccngdyinthoibngng,vncthmangdliuvthoicshoxahnnhanhhnrtnhiuvilnglnhn.TheoHowstuffworks.com,siquangclmbiccsithutinhtinhkhitvquanghcmisimnhnhsitc,cxpthnhccb,cgilcpquang,mangccgithngtinsquanhngkhongcchxa.Vccsiquangnymnhhnsingnhiu,nhiusihncbvomtcpcngknhchotrc,cnghalnhiusliuhaymthanhhnnhiucthcgitrncngmtcpvichiphthphn.Lichquantrngnhtcasiquang,tuyvy,xutxtdithngcaohnrtnhiucatnhiucthtruynquacckhongcchxa.Dyngcngcthmang

cctnsrtcao,nhngchcvibctnhiubtusuygimcngdocchiungksinh.Siquang,ngcli,cthmangccxungquanghcctnscccaotrncngmtsimkhngcsuygimtnhiungkkhongcchnhiudm.

Cccpquanghotng,ARCElectronics,mttrongccnhchtogiithchtrnWebsitecamnh,bngcchbindliuhaymthanhthnhccxungquanghcvtruynchngtrnccsiquang,thaychoccxungintruynthngtintrndyng.mtucahthngcpquanglmtmypht.Myphtnhnthngtinxungincmhoccthaydliu-ntdyngtinthoinhhaymytnhvnphngcachngta.Saumyphtxlvdchccthaydliucmho,cshodngintsangccxungnhsngcmhotngng.Mtdiodephtquang(LED-LightEmittingdiode)haymtdiodephunlaser(ILD-InjectionLaserDiode)cthcdngtoccxungnhsngny,sauchngclachyxungcpquang.Cphotngnhmtloingdnnhsng,dnccxungnhsngctoramtucpquaukia,nimtmythunhycmnhsngbinccxungtrlithnhccs1v0intcatnhiubanu,nhthchngcthhinthtrnmnhnhmytnhcabnhaynhe-mailhaytronginthoidingcabnnhmtmthanh.Cpquangcngltngcholinlcanton,bivrtkhnghetrmn.

Trnthctchnhstrnghpcacnstdot-comvLutVinthng1996lcikhingbongbngcpquang.Lutchophpcccngty[vinthng]nihtvngdicthlnvovickinhdoanhcanhau,vchophpmiloihngchuynmchaphngmiicnhtranhuiuviccBabyBellsvAT&Tvcungcpcccdchvthoivhtng.Khicchnginthoinylntrctuyn,choccdchvniht,ngdi,quct,dliu,vdchvInternetcaringh,mihngtmcchchtngringcamnh.Vvsaokhng?CnstInternetdnmingiichorngcuvbngthngmang tt c lu lng Internet s tng gpi cba thngmt chon v tn. Chokhonghainmuiulng.Nhngsauquilutslnbtugpphn,vnhptnggpichmi.ngtic,cccngtyvinthngkhngchstnskhngxnginysinhgiacuvthct.ThtrngtrongvngkmkpcamtcnstInternet,vcccngtyctiptcxydngnnglcnhiuvnhiuhnna.Vcnstthtrngcphiucnghal,tinlchokhng!Nlmtbatic!Chonnmitrongcckchbnlcquankhngthtinninytmitrongcccngtyvinthngminyuctitr.Trongmtthikkhongnmhaysunm,cccngtyvinthngnyutkhong1ngnt$chngdykhpthgii.Vhunhchngainghingccdonvcu.

tcngtytrnninrhnGlobalCrossing,mttrongnhngcngtycttccccngtyvinthngminythulptcpquangchohkhpthgii.GlobalCrossingcGaryWinnickthnhlpvonm1997vracngchngnmtiptheo.RobertAnnunziata,ngichngcmtnmvitcchCEO,cmthpngmNellMinowcaCorporateLibrary[Thvincngty]tngchnranhtitnht(tquanimcacccng)HoaK.Gianhngthkhc,nbaogmvmybayhngnhtchomAnnunziataithmanhtamtlnmtthng.Ncnggmphnthng2triucphiuvigi10$mtcphndigithtrng.

HenrySchacht,mtnhcngnghipkcubygiE.M.Warburg,Pincus&Co.,cavobiLucent,cngtyktccaWesternElectric,giptrngcoinquathikindiny.ngnhlibukhngkh:Phiiutitvinthng1996lcckquantrng.NchophpcchngchuynmchaphngxydngnnglcringcamnhvbncnhtranhvinhauvvicccngtyBabyBells.CccngtyvinthngminyncccngtynhGlobalCrossingvnhhlptmngcpquangchomnhhcthcnhtranhmctruyntiviAT&TvMCI,cbitvlulnghingoiMinginghylmtthgiimi,vnschngbaogingng.[Bnc]cchngcnhtranhsdngvnchokhng,vmihngunghcibnhstoravtn.Chonn[micngtyni,]tistcpquangcatitrckhianht,vtiscphnlnhnanh.Ncgisnglmtngtngtrngnmdc,thngng,vmichngtaunghmnhscphncamnh,vthmingixydngtheoccdontiavchornghscphncamnh.

Horaltrongkhidoanhnghip-n-doanhnghipvthngmiintphttrinnh d kin, v nhiuWeb sitem chng ai d kin bng n - nh eBay, Amazon, vGoogle-chngvnchngommtphnnhcannglcsnc.Chonnkhisvndot-comxuthin,cqunhiucpquang.Ccinthoingdistt2$mtphtxung10cent.Vtruyndliuhunhlminph.Ngnhvinthngtutngrangoi vic kinh doanh, Mike McCue, tng iu hnh ca Tellme Networks, mt dch vInternetkchhotbngmthanh,niviCNETNews.comthngBy2001.Htnhiucpquangditnmcvcbnhthnghoho[commoditized]bnthnmnh.Hsdnvocccucchingictvimingivslmtthmho.

Nlmtthmhoivinhiucngtyvccnhutcachng(GlobalCrossingnpnphsnthngHai2002,vi12,4t$nnn),nhngnhoralmtmililnchonhngngitiudng.Htnhhthngngcaotcqucgiacxydngtrongccnm1950lmphngHoaK,phvnhngkhcbitkhuvc,vlmchodhnnhiui

vicccngtydichuynticcvnglngthphn,nhMinNam,bivtrnndhnnhiudichuynngivhnghoicckhongcchxa,nhthtccngsiutccpquangtonculmphngthgiiphttrin.Ngipphvchnghaaphngtoncu,toramtmnglithngmitoncusunshn,vlmchovicdichuyncngviccshoccviclmdchvvviclmtrithc-sangccnccchiphthphnthtnginvhunhminph.

(Tuyvy,philurngccngsiutccpquangnyMthngngngdmcuicngtrckhini ticchgianh.Trongkhimt lngkhng lcpquangngdictninvM,hunhkhngcngtynotrongscccngtyvinthngmiHoaKlptngkhtngmchniht(localloop)mi,dothtbicalutphiiutitvinthng1996chophpcnhtranhthcsvmchnihtgiacccngtycpvcccngtyinthoi.Nimchdirngccbclptlcccaocvnphng,ccccngtycphcvkhtt.Chonniunyygixungiviccdoanhnghip v i vi nhngnginnhngngimunc trc tuynBangalore kinhdoanhviccdoanhnghipnhngnkhngtora loicnhtranhcthdnnnnglcdirngchoqunchngMnhcah.iubtumigny.)

utthaqurngvcpquanglmtmnqubiuvnctiptccho,nhbnchtcnhtcacpquang.Khnggingccdngkhccautqun