Terrariums Skb

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TerrariumsBy Capt. S.K.BHANDARI

& TheASFIC Team9358525643

email:[email protected]
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TERRARIUM


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INTRODUCTION

A terrarium is a living plant growing insidea sealed glass container. In thispresentation I will explain all about

planting, soil, tools, plants, containers,care and the history of terrariums.Terrariums are often a miniaturelandscape under glass in the form of a

woodland, a desert, a tropical jungle oryour own collection of plants.


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History of Terrariums

In 1827 the terrariumwas invented byNathaniel Ward, aLondon doctor. He came

over this inventionbecause his outdoorplants would not live inthe polluted air ofLondon, he discoveredthat he could makeminiature greenhouseswhich was then namedfern cases.


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Indoor Wardian Case

Horticulturistswere able to bringback sensitive

tropical plants inWardian cases tobe well-protectedfrom salt, air, and

changing climaticconditions duringthe long seavoyage.


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WHAT YOU NEED

Rocks

Gravel

Wood

Seed pots

Bark

Ceramic figures

Frogs Mushrooms

Snails


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TOOLS

Only a few tools are necessary for plantingthe terrarium.

Long sticks, either bamboo or inch dowling.The length depends on the height of the

container being used. Large kitchen spoon for placing soil and

drainage material

Atomizer or bulb-type sprayer will be usefulfor watering the terrarium.

A stick with a wire loop on the end will behelpful for lowering plants into large

containers withsmall tops.
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TERRARIUM TWEEZERS

You can buy special miniaturetools for bottle gardens, but its

easy and more economical tomake them yourself.



TERRARIUM TWEEZERS

Terrarium Tweezers are something that

you can make yourself. They are a very

long pair of tweezers that you can use to

work on your terrarium and do things likedig holes or place plants in holes. Kind of

handy.



TERRARIUM TWEEZERS CONTD

You can make a pair of tweezers in any

length needed. You can make them out of

copper wire or a coat hanger. It just takes

a little cutting and some bending. Thereare a few different ways you can make

them. The picture below shows the easiest

tweezers.




There are two basic types you can make:

Already Closed or Already Open. The pair

you see in the picture above are already

closed. This means that their relaxed stateis with the tweezers closed. This is

probably the better configuration because

it will automatically clamp down on things.You squeeze the handle to open the

tweezers.




To get a little more pressure on the

gripping area you can put a rubber band

as shown in the picture below. Use a very

weak rubber band.

You can tinker around with this

configuration to get something that is just

right for your terrarium making needs.


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MORE TOOLS

Another nice terrarium tool that you can

make yourself. it is good for moving the

soil and stones around and making holes

in the soil.


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MORE TOOLS CONTD.

Alternatively you can purchase thefollowing:

Tweezer 12" extra long coated tip economy chrome plated steel

Surgical ForcepsStraight 12 + Curved 12
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CONTAINERS

A terrarium container must bemade from clear glass or plastic.Tinted or cloudy glass greatlyreduces light and interferes withplant growth.

Any type of clear container may beused:

empty fish bowls

fish tanks


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CONTAINERS CONTD.

brandy snifters

old glass jars

jugs bottles

containers specially designedfor terrariums.


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CONTAINERS CONTD.

All closed containers should have

transparent covers.

Containers with small openings are okay.

Containers with large openings without

covers can be used but will require more

frequent watering.

Open terrariums are drier and less subject

to disease.


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PLANTS

Many plants are suitable for growing interrariums.

They are kept small in terrariums by cutting back

the tips. Dont mix plants requiring widely differentconditions.

Cacti are less desirable for terrariums since

moist conditions promote rot. Dont mix desert plants with moisture-loving

tropicals.


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SIZE OF PLANTS

Since low plants are preferred, more

emphasis is placed on small plants.

Some of these are creeping orclimbing vines that may grow tall, but

with limited height in the terrarium

they form a groundcover. Most plantsover 12 inches need to be cut back.


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SOIL

Soil for terrariums must be clean, well drainedand high in organic matter.

Potting soils sold at garden centers and

nurseries where plant supplies are sold aresterilized and ready for use.

To prepare your own soil, mix one part peatmoss with one part rich garden soil.

Make sure the soil is moist before sterilization.Place it in an oven at about 200 degrees untilthe soil is thoroughly heated.


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Plants That Can Be Used

African violet (Saintpaulia spp.)

Airplant (Kalanchoe pinnata)

Aluminum plant (Pilea cadierii)

Baby tears (Helxine soleirolii) Begonia (Begonia spp.)

Chinese evergreen (Aglaonema spp.)

Jade plant (Crassula argentea) Swedish ivy (Plectranthes australis)

And many more


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PLANTING

1. Place a inch layer of small gravel in

bottom.2. Sprinkle some activated charcoal on top.

3. Fill to proper height with a good drainingpotting soil. If soil clumps when squeezed,

add some perlite, or vermiculite to lighten itup.

4. Install plants. The number will depend onthe size of the plants, and the container.

Dont over plant. Leave room to grow. Pushthe soil aside, place a plant in thedepression, and firm the soil around it.

5. Water lightly. (3 or 4 ounces)


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LIGHT REQUIREMENT

Most plants in the medium lightcategory require good light near a

window or less light from a

window with artificial light. The

terrarium should be placed within

several feet of a bright window,but not in direct sun.


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TEMPERATURE

Most tropical plants are suited for common

house temperatures. At night 20 degrees

C is ideal, day temperatures normally

should be about 25 degrees C.

Woodland terrariums should have

nighttime temperatures about 10 to 15

degrees C. Day temperatures also shouldbe cool but are not as critical.


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After Care of plants

A closed terrarium will not need to be wateredfor four to six months.

Do not replace the cover until the leaves havedried.

Open terrariums need occasional wateringnot as often as houseplants.

Watering should always be light.

Its better to be a little too dry than too wet.

Many plants out grow the terrarium.

With a little trimming these plants can bebrought into bounds.


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After Care of plants contd.

Frequently pinching out tips before a plantbecomes too tall will result in more balancedgrowth than infrequent, more severe cutbacks.

Do not plan to fertilize for at least a year afterplanting.

If the plants are yellowish without any reason,fertilize very lightly with a water-soluble

houseplant fertilizer at about one-tenth the raterecommended for normal houseplants.


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REPLACING PLANTS

Occasionally it may be necessary to replace

plants

Some foliage plants that do well in a small-

mouthed terrariums include creeping fig (Ficuspumila) Ti plant (Cordyline terminalis) Ribbon

plant (Dracaena sanderiana) Earth star

(Cryptanthus acaulis) Prayer plants (Maranta

species). Do not use ferns they will take over aterrarium.


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TYPE OF TERRARIUMS

Box terrarium

The teardrop

Globe terrarium

Snowflake terrarium
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Terrarium Tables
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Millennium Terrarium Pictures


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CREATE YOUR OWN

TERRIAUM IN A BOTTLE

A bottle can be recycled to

function as a miniature

greenhouse. It is creative, easyand fun to make. The result can

make for a unique decoration and

a way to keep your green thumbbusy through the wintertime.


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A TERRIAUM IN A BOTTLE CONTD.

Select your Bottle. The bottle should

be large enough to allow room for

plants to grow. Clean it and allow thebottle to dry thoroughly before using

it. The larger the opening, the easier

it'll be to maintain the garden.


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SLECTING THE CONTAINER
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A TERRIAUM IN A BOTTLE CONTD

Planting a bottle garden

Work out a planting scheme first, using a

piece of paper with the base of the bottle

traced on it. Keep short, creeping plants tothe front, and tall plants to the back.


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Leave space for growth between the

plants, but try to group plants, rather than

spacing them evenly apart. A small bottle

holds one plant; a large carboy, six toeight plants.


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Start with a bottle that is clean and dry

inside, otherwise the potting mixture may

stick to the sides.

Roll up stiff paper to make a cone funnel,

or insert a cardboard tube into the

opening.


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Place pebbles and sand on the base of the

bottle to make a 2.5-5cm (l-2 inches). You

can use a small spoon through the mouth

of the bottle to add the pebbles and sandand move them around. This will provide a

good drainage base for the plants. Wet the

sand before putting it in place.


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Then add moist peat-based potting

mixture, to make a layer 5-10cm (2-4

inches) thick.

Scoop out planting holes using the spoon.

Remove each plant from its pot, then wrap

tightly in newspaper, easing the leaves

and stems upwards.


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Lower into the bottle, and, still holding the

newspaper, gently release the plant. (With

a wide-necked bottle garden, simply lower

the plants using a pair of bamboo tongs, oryour hands)

Position the plant, using tongs, in its hole.

Check that its upright, then draw thepotting mixture over its roots and firm with

cotton spool.


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Spray lightly, using a fine mist.

Insert the stopper or lid.

Precautions:

Do not mix plants with different

requirements, especially in terms of water.

Growing a thirsty plant next to a cactus will

make for difficult maintenance.


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Tips

You may choose to cover the bottle or jar

to prevent evaporation.

Warnings

Do not place the bottle in full sun. This

miniature ecosystem can heat up too

quickly and burn the plants. Don't leave it

in the dark all the time either.


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After Care:

-Water as needed: determined by moisture

levels on walls.

-Occasionally you will have to removeplants that have grown too large or you

might have to lightly prune to keep the

garden looking its best.


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Do not fertilize-you dont want plants to

grow too quickly or you will have to

replace them all the time.

Place near sunlit area but not direct sun!

If water condenses heavily on the sides of

the bottle, remove the lid, wipe the sides

dry with the sponge, then replace the lid.


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If the plants start to wilt, spray lightly with

water. An open bottle garden may need

regular, light spraying.

Prune plants that get too big, using the

razor. Remove the prunings and any fallen

leaves by spiking them on a stiff wire.

Remove any plants that die immediately,using tongs.

O CO


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If grey mould appears, cut away and

remove infected plant material, and spray

the rest with fungicide.

Remove any plants that show signs of

diseasethis will quickly spread to other

plants.


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DISH GARDENSDish gardens are

arrangements of

flowers in a normal

planting dish

although there aremany different

decorative dishes.

Open terrariums

provide higherhumidity for plants

than dish gardens

do.
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CONCLUSION

In this presentation it is explained

how to plant a terrarium and take

care of it hopefully you will usethis information have more

knowledge about plants and theirhabitats.
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