PEDAGOGY OF ENGLISHMeaning and Importance of

TEACHING AIDS;

Audio-Visual Aids – Kinds and Uses

Presented By-

Darakhshan Nigar

I Hear, I ForgetI See, I RememberI Do , I Understand

We remember 20% of what we HEARWe remember 30% of what we SEEWe remember 50% of what we SEE &

HEARWe remember 90% of what we SAY &

DO

INTRODUCTIONEvery teacher wants the teaching-learning process to be effective. Whatever he teaches should be listened carefully, understood clearly, learnt properly leaving an everlasting impression on the mind of the student.

One of the outstanding developments in the educational technology in recent years is the increased use of teaching aids in teaching learning process.

CONTD......Teaching aids make the teaching lively as these have effect on our organs of speech and sight.According to Joseph J. Weber, our perception

about various things is based:40% on visual, 25% on audio, 17% on touch, 3%

on taste & smell and 15% on other physical experiences.

TEACHING AIDSGood instruction is the foundation of any

educational programme. Teaching aids are a component of that part of foundation.

- Francis W. NoelThe term teaching aids is made up of 2 words –

TeachingAids: Help; assistance

Teaching AidsTeaching aids can be anything that can be used

to facilitate learning and make the process of teaching-learning effective and impressive.

Any device, object or machine used by a teacher to clarify or enliven a subject for effective communication & classroom interaction and the achievement of instructional objectives in the teaching learning process is known as TEACHING AID.

IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING AIDS

1) Every individual has the tendency to forget. Proper use of teaching aids helps to retain more concepts permanently.

2) Students can learn better when they are motivated properly through different teaching aids.

3) Teaching aids develop the proper image when the students see, hear taste and smell properly.

4) Teaching aids provide complete example for conceptual thinking.

CONTD....5) The teaching aids create the environment of

interest for the students.6) Teaching aids helps to increase the vocabulary of

the students.7) Teaching aids helps the teacher to make learning

permanent and effective.8) Teaching aids provide direct experience to the

students.9) A large number of students can be taught at a time,

thus saving much of the time.10) Helps to cater individual differences.

AUDIO-VISUAL AIDS“Anything by means of which learning process may

be encouraged or carried on through the senses of hearing or sense of sight.”

- Good’s Dictionary of Education“Training or educational materials directed at both

the senses of hearing and the sense of sight, used in classroom instructions, library collections or the likes”

- Webster Dictionary

AUDIO-VISUAL AIDS

AUDIO AIDS

Tape Recorders

RadioLinguaphone

VISUAL AIDS

PRINTED

VISUAL AIDS

Books

Newspaper

sMagazines

NON-PRINTE

D VISUAL

AIDSBlackboar

dPictur

esMaps

& Chart

sFlash cardsModels

AUDIO-VISUAL

Motion Pictures

Television

AUDIO AIDSThe aids which involve the sense of hearing are

called audio aids. For example- gramophone, radio, tape recorder etc.

VISUAL AIDSThe aids which involve the sense of vision are

called visual aids. For example- blackboard, bulletin board, real objects, flash cards, newspaper, magazines etc.

AUDIO-VISUAL AIDSThe aids which involve the sense of hearing as

well as the sense of vision are known as audio-visual aids. For example- T.V., filmstrips, film projector.

This is the most effective and useful than earlier aids as it uses more than one sense simultaneously.

AUDIO VISUAL AIDSPROJECTED AIDS NON- PROJECTED AIDS

Items to be observed is projected on a screen using electronic or mechanical device.

Items to be observed is not projected on a screen.

For example- slides, filmstrips, overhead projectors, films & film projector, epidiascope, television etc

For example- Graphic Aids: pictures, charts, maps, postersDisplay Aids: blackboard, bulletin board3D Aids: model, objects, globes, specimenEquipment Aids: tape recorder, TV, language laboratory.

TEACHING AIDS AND THEIR USE

TEXTBOOKBooks are said to be ‘Embalmed Minds’ which preserve the subject matter for centuries. It is through books that knowledge is passed on to the new generation.• Keeps reading material within limits.•What to teach to a particular class.•Preparation for examination.•Evaluation•Develops language skills.

BLACKBOARDIt is the cheapest aid available to the class. It

offers a variety of purposes.• Language pattern• Spelling and pronunciation• Grammar practice• Vocabulary• Note taking

PICTURES AND CHARTS“A picture is worth thousand words”

• Practising language patterns• Vocabulary• Examples• Compositions• Cultural content• Strokes for writing

OTHER AIDS• Projector• Television• Radio• Tape-Recorder• Flash Cards• Models• Maps and Globes• Newspapers and magazines

SHOULD BE....• Used at correct time.• Meaningful and purposeful• Simple, cheap and improvised• Handy and portable• Large enough to be clearly visible and Legible• According to mental level• Interesting and motivating• Properly organised and presented

PROBLEMS• Apathy of teachers• Indifference of students• Ineffectiveness of the aid• Financial hurdles• Absence of electricity• Lack of training• Language difficulty• Improper selection

....MAY BE.....Idea/poem/outline........ written on a chart.A picture depicting idea...... drawn on chart.Tape recorder..... used for

recitation/narration.Difficult words....written on blackboard.Flash cards.... Used for vocabulary/questions.Homework..... Written on blackboardActual object/picture/scene..... shown.