TABLET

BY:- Partap singh(FUTURE PHARMACIST)

TABLET

These are the solid unit pharmaceutical dosage form containing drug with or without diluent and intended for oral adminstration.

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ADVANTAGES

They provide accurate dose of drug. They can be easy to adminstered. Easily handle and carry by patient. Product identification is easy. They are attractive and illegant in apperance. Easiest way of packing and transportation.

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DISADVANTAGES Difficult to compress drug of low density. Difficult to compress drug amorphous nature. Difficult to compress drug of high dose. Drug which are liquid at room temp can not be

make into tablet. Drug with poor dissolution can not be make into

tablet. Difficult to swallow by child and old patient.

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TYPE OF TABLET Based on surface Coating of tablets:1)Film Coated tablet2)Simple or unoated tablet Based on drug release profile:1)Fast release tablet2)Regular release tablet3)Delay release tablet Based on route of administration:1)Oral tablet2)Sub-lingual tablet3)Chewable tablet4) Effervescent tablets

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FORMULATIONN OF TABLET TABLET EXCIPIENT.

METHOD OF PREPARATION.

MACHINARY.

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EXCIPIENT DILUENT BINDER LUBRICANT / ANTIADHESIVE & GLIDANT DISINTEGRANT COLOURING AGENT / FLAVOURING AGENT /

SWEETNING AGENT

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DILUENT These are also known as bulking agent.These are

innert in nature.These are added to increase the bulk of tablet.

These are also add to improve the flow properties of drug.

EXAMPLE:-Lactose,Starch1500,Dicalcium Phosphate,Micro crystaline cellulose(MCC)

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BINDER These are known as adhesive and are substance

that bind the powder together and make them into acompact mass or granules.

Example:- 1 Starch paste. 2 Acacia Solution.

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LUBRICANT/GLIDANT/ANTI-ADHERENTLubricant-These reduce the friction B/w the

tablet edge and the wall of the dye and are require for ejection of tablet.

Example:-Magnesium sterate,Calcium sterateANTI-ADHERENT-These prevent the tablet

granuler form adhering to the punch surface and dye cavity.

Example-Talc 0.5 to 5%Glident-These facilitate the flow of granules

from hopper into the gye cavity by reducing friction. 8

COLOURING,FLAVOURING&SWEETNING AGENTColourin agent-These are add to improve

the allagent of product.Also for the identification.Or to mask the colour difference b/w of drug and excipient.

Water soluble die-saffron. Insoluble lake-Sunset yellow,Titanium dioxide. Flavouring and sweetning agent-they are

use to mass the unplesant taste of the drug and excipient.Flavour are usually in the form of oil which are spray on granules

EXAMPLE-Spray dry flovour,Mannitol, sucrose. 9

METHOD OF TABLET PREPARATION. Direct compression Dry granulation Wet granulation

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DRIECT COMPRESSION

Drug+Diluent+digintegrant+lubricant Mixing Compress Tablet

DRY GRANULATION Drug+Diluent+Disintegrant+lubricant Mixing Compression Milling SievingGranules in uinform size+Lubricant+Dinintegrant

Mixing Compress Tablet

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WET GRANULATION Drug+Diluent Mixing Weting Sieving Granulation granule in unifrom size Sieving Drying Mixing Compress Tablet

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MACHINERY Single Punch Machine Rotary Tablet Machine

SINGLE PUNCH MACHINE:- The sigle punch machine has following component- ONE TOOLING SET A HOPPER A FEET SHOE A DYE FITTED IN A DYE TABLE A PAIR OF PUNCH

14 CAM FOR GUIDING OF MOVEMENT

OPERATION OF SINGLE PUNCH MACHINE

1)Filling Stage-The lower punch move down and the granules pass from hopper to dye cavity.

2)Compression Stage-Lower punch move upward and upper punch move downward provide a compression force to convert granules into tablet.

3)Ejection Stage-After compression the upper punch move upward and symantaniously the lower punch rise untill the tip of lower punch level the top of the dye.

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ROATRY TABLET MACHINE The component of rotary tablet machine are:- MORE THAN ONE TOOLING SET A HOPPER A FEET FRAME A NUMBER OF DYE PAIR OF PUNCHES CAM TRACK

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OPERATION OF ROTATING TABLET MACHINE 1)Filling Stage-The lower punch move down and

the granules pass from hopper to dye cavity. 2)Compression Stage-Lower punch move upward

and upper punch move downward provide a compression force to convert granules into tablet.

3)Ejection Stage-After compression the upper punch move upward and symantaniously the lower punch rise untill the tip of lower punch level the top of the dye.

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TABLETING PROBLEM Picking-removal of material from surface of tablet by

upper punch. Sticking-adherence of tablet material to dye cavity wall. Capping-separation of top and bottom portion of tablet. Lamination-separation of tablet into two or more layer. Mottling-unequal distribution of colour on the tablet. Double impression

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TABLET COATING Sugar coating Film coating Enteric caoting Compression coating

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EVALUATION OF TABLET Hardness-Monsanto Hardner tester & Pfizer

tester Identification marking Friability-Roche friablator Thickness-Pfizer tester Dissolution test Disintegration test-Basket Rack Assembly General apperance Organoleptic properties

Thank you