BIM for Construction Bill KnittleAEC Solutions Engineer

• Introduction• Why Change• What is BIM• Benefits• Technologies• Means & Methods• Mobility• Q&A

Agenda

“…ours is the only trillion dollar industry in the history of the world in which clients routinely demand the most inefficient processes creating the least value...”

Barbara White Bryson FAIA, AVP Facilities and Construction, Rice University in The Owner’s Dilemma: Driving Success and Innovation in the Design and Construction Industry

Introduction

“A 2004 analysis by Dr. Paul Teicholz of Stanford University suggested that construction labor productivity declined by nearly 20% between 1964 and 2003, while other non farm industries improved by more than 200%.”

2009 McGraw_Hill Construction SmartMarket Report, Design and Construction Intelligence

Introduction

• Analog• Individual, Siloes of

Work• Reactive• Disconnected• Error Prone• 2D Documentation• Static Images

Why Change

• Digital• Collaborativ

e• Proactive• Predictable• Interoperabl

e• Intelligent• Immersive

Why Change

Ability to impact cost and functional capabilities1

1

Cost of design changes

2

2

Why Change

PD SD CD PR CA OPDDTime

Eff

ort

/Eff

ect

Legend:PD: Pre-designSD: Schematic designDD: Design developmentCD: Construction documentationPR: ProcurementCA: Construction AdministrationOP: Operation

Graphic courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy AIA / HOK

Traditional design process3 3

Preferred design process

4

4

Why Change

• Competition is fierce due to fewer projects

• Contractual changes and demand for seamless communications

• Technology continues to innovate, challenging the AEC industry

• Safety and Sustainable code regulations are increasing.

• Projects are too complex

• Clearer insight and understanding

• Less rework, errors, and omissions

• Centrally accessible, coordinated, and reliable data

• Accurate quantities, estimates, and budgets.

• Reduced waste, increased productivity, and hightened quality

• Improved safety, management, and delivery

What is BIM

“Allows professionals to explore a project’s key physical and functional characteristics digitally, before it’s built”

Autodesk®

• Conceptualize• Visualize• Analyze• Document• Fabricate• Build• Manage

What is BIM

Less

More

Time

Kn

ow

led

ge

Early Late

Knowledge Sources

Design Cost Construct Operate

BIM Accumulates the Answers

What is BIM

Structure

Architecture

MEP

Design Intent Models

Multi-Discipline/ Model 4D Sequencing

Quantification

Clash Detection / Coordination

Estimating

Scheduling

ERP / SCM / O & M

Constructability Documentation

Construction Visualizations

Civil

What is BIM

Constructability Model

Low Effort Medium Effort

Valu

e

High Effort

Visualization

3D Spatial Coordination

Program Validation

6D Sustainability Analysis

Material QTO

Trade Coordination

4D Modeling

Mock-up Model

Code Checking

Cost Modeling

OFM Model

What is BIM

3D – A model that includes three dimensional (3D) shape information

4D - Time allocation & construction sequence scheduling added to the 3D model.

5D - Cost & simulation of construction, study of building sequence, cost, and

resources

6D – Energy analysis & simulation of building performance, materials, and LEED

tracking

7D – Data added which allows for the operations / maintenance & Facilities

Management

LOD – Level Of Development (LOD) reflecting accuracy and reliability of model

elements and their authorized uses.

Terminology

3D

4D

5D

6D

7D

2D

Terminology

LOD 100The Model Element may be Graphically represented in the Model with a symbol or other generic representation, but does not satisfy the requirements for LOD 200. Information related to the Model Element (i.e. cost per square foot, tonnage of HVAC, etc.) can be derived from other Model Elements

LOD 200The Model Element is graphically represented within the Model as a generic system, object, or assembly with approximate quantities, size, shape, location, and orientation. Non-graphic information may also be attached to the Model Element

LOD 300The Model Element is graphically represented within the Model as a specific system, object or assembly in terms of quantity, size, shape, location, and orientation. Non-graphic information may also be attached to the Model Element

LOD 350The Model Element is graphically represented within the Model as a specific system, object, or assembly in terms of quantity, size, shape, orientation, and interfaceswith other building systems. Non-graphic information may also be attached to the Model Element

LOD 400The Model Element is graphically represented within the Model as a specific system, object or assembly in terms of size, shape, location, quantity, and orientation with detailing, fabrication, assembly, and installation information. Non-graphic information may also be attached to the Model Element

Level of Development (LOD) aims to specify the accuracy and reliability of model elements within the Building Information Model(s) in order to to define clarity for downstream expectations and uses. Model elements within building systems may have or go through multiple LOD’s throughout its lifecycle as the design progresses through the virtual design and construction process.

https://bimforum.org/lod/

Intelligent Object - Represent not only the geometry required to graphically portray the

components, but also the ability to have additional information about the object(s).

Parametric – Rule based relationships between intelligent objects that enable related properties

to be updated when one property changes.

COBie – Construction Operations Building Information Exchange is a standard way to manage

information from a BIM model that is essential to support the operations, maintenance, and

management of the facilities by the owner and/or property manager.

Terminology

Graphic

Assets/ Parameters

Assets/ Parameters

Graphic

Assets/ Parameters

Graphic

Design Construction Operation0%

100%

Benefits: Architecture

• Conceptual Modeling• Exploring Alternatives• Sustainability

Analysis• Visualizations• Construction

Documents

Benefits: Structure

• Conceptual Modeling• Structural Framing• Element Loading• Element Analysis • Reinforcement

Modeling

Benefits: MEP

• Performance Modeling

• Systems Modeling• Systems Analysis• Sustainability

Analysis• Automatic Reporting

Benefits: Construction

• Site Logistics• Safety & Risk

Management• Constructability

Modeling• Virtual Mockups• Clash Avoidance• Sequencing• Quantification

Technologies: Field Layout

• Generating Points• Transferring Points• Shooting Points• Installation• Quality Control

Technologies: Reality Capture

• Scan Existing Conditions• Model or Model within the Point

Cloud• Perform In-Progress Scans

Means and Methods: Design to Fabrication, Prefabrication, and Modularization

• Repeatable and Cheaper• Controlled and Safer• Increased Productivity• Reduced Waste• Pre-Assembled• Delivered & Install

Mobility: Connecting the Office and Field

• Common• Multi-Functional

• Data Exchange• Remote Accessibility• Infinite Computing

Structural AnalysisEnergy Analysis

File Sharing

Coordination

Project/Field Management

Rendering

Feasibility Analysis

Mobility: Computation Heavy Processing

• Data-Centric• Collaborative• Transparent

Mobility: Real-time Coordination

Owners

Designers

Contractors

• On-line or Off-line• Collaborative• Transparent

Mobility: Project/Field Management

Superintendents / Foremen

Project Managers

Designers

Leadership

Handover, Operation, and Maintenance

• Information Driven• Accessible• Majority of Lifecycle

Costs

Project Costs

Design & CM FeesConstructionOperation & MaintenanceFinancing

Thank you

Q&A