Synergies between EMEP and EUSAAR Wenche Aas and Kjetil Tørseth EMEP/CCC (NILU)
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Transcript of Synergies between EMEP and EUSAAR Wenche Aas and Kjetil Tørseth EMEP/CCC (NILU)
Synergies between EMEP and EUSAAR Synergies between EMEP and EUSAAR
Wenche Aas and Kjetil TørsethEMEP/CCC (NILU)
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
The EMEP vision;
To be the main science based and policy-driven instrument for international cooperation in atmospheric monitoring and modelling activities, emission inventories and projections, and integrated assessment to help solve transboundary air pollution problems in Europe
Artic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Slovenia
Hungary
Slovakia
Poland
Lithuania
Latvia
Estonia
Finland
Sweden
Georgia
Norway
Belarus
Czech Rep. Ukraine
Denmark
Moldova
Germany
Yugoslavia
Austria
Bulgaria
Liechtenstein
Turkey
Italy
Monaco
Cyprus
Switzerland
Malta
Netherlands
Greece
Belgium
F.Y.R.ofMacedonia
Luxembourg
Albania
France
Bosnia andHerzegovina
Spain
Croatia
Portugal
IrelandUnited Kingdom
Romania
Russian Federation
Iceland
Kara SeaBarents Sea
North Sea
Atlantic Ocean
Mediterranean Sea
Black Sea Caspian Sea
Aral Sea
Canada
of America
Kyrgyzstan
Kazakhstan
AzerbaijanArmenia
Uzbekistan
Turkmenistan Tajikistan
EMEP Topics
•Acidification and Eutrophication
•Photochemical oxidants
•Heavy metals
•Persistent Organic Pollutants
•Particulate matter
UN-ECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution ( 49 Parties) - 8 Specific protocols, where the first is
European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) (41 Parties)
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
Monitoring programme:Level 1•Main ions in precipitation and in air •heavy metals in precipitations•ozone •PM10 and PM2.5 mass •meteorology
at ca 125 sites
Level 2, supersite• POPs• Heavy metals in air and aerosols• VOC• EC/OC, OC speciation• Mineral Dust• PM speciation incl. gas particle ratio
+ all level 1 activities
15-20 sites
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
Level 3 Level 3
Develop the scientific understanding of the relevant physico-chemical processes Research driven
May often be available at locations other than level-1 and level-2 sites
Data would typically be provided by other institutions than those being responsible for implementing the national monitoring obligations
A number of relevant parameters are identified as being of interest for EMEP
Level-3 sites may include campaign data
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
Programme Parameters Minimum time resolution
Level-3 sites (monitoring at these sites do not require all level-1 and level-2 parameters) Dry deposition flux of Nand S SO2, NH3, HNO3 (SO4
--, NH4+, NO3
-) Hourly/Daily Dry deposition flux of O3
O3 Hourly/Daily
Hydrocarbons C6-C12 Hourly/Daily NOy chemistry NO, NO2, PAN, organic nitrates Hourly/Daily
OC speciation Both water soluble and water insoluble OC
Hourly/Daily
“Black carbon” BC Hourly/Daily Size/number distribution dN/dlogDp Hourly/Daily Light scattering Aerosol optical depth Hourly/Daily Vertical profiles O3 soundings, PM lidar, Hourly/Daily Mercury speciation TGM, RGM and TPM Daily/Weekly Congener-specific POPs PCBs, PAHs, PCDDs and PCDFs Daily/Weekly Multi-compartment (air, soil, water)
POPs and Hg Daily/Weekly
Monitoring programme, Level 3Monitoring programme, Level 3
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
Why EMEP needs these measurementsWhy EMEP needs these measurements
Large knowledge gaps on :
composition
sources
process understanding (e.g particle formation)
Transport and vertical profiles
All needed for model evaluation and development
In addition, known quality and completeness (i.e supersites) is essential
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
PM10, EMEP model/measurements, 2003PM10, EMEP model/measurements, 2003
EMEP status report 4/2004: a proper validation concerning the models performance regarding the aerosols content of mineral dust and particle water is hampered by insufficient measurements. Thus, the calculated concentrations for dust and particle water are still rather uncertain.
Excl water and mineral dust
EMEP obs
EM
EP
m
od
el
EM
EP
m
od
el
EMEP obs
Incl water and mineral dust
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
PM10 and PM2.5 composition in SpainPM10 and PM2.5 composition in Spain
0
5
10
15
20
25
Obs
B
eman
tes
Mod
B
eman
tes
Obs
M
onag
rega
Mod
M
onag
rega
Obs
M
onts
eny
Mod
M
onts
eny
Obs
B
eman
tes
Mod
B
eman
tes
ND-waterotherdustSSOC+ECNH4NO3SO4
“There is a considerable underestimation of measured concentrations of total carbon by the model, which is expected to be improved when SOA is introduces in the EMEP Unified model.“
g/m3
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
Measurements for model evaluationMeasurements for model evaluation
From EC/OC EMEP campaign:
Relative bias for EC
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
AT
02
BE
01
DE
02
NL0
9
FI1
7
NO
01
IE31
IT04
IT08
PT
01
SE
12
UK
01
CZ
03
SK
04
% 2002
2003
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
Quality assuranceQuality assurance Standardized sampling procedures (N2,N3,N4) generated by the NAs will be adopted and included in the EMEP Manual and presented for the Task Force of Measurements and Modelling (TFMM).
Define data quality objectives (N2,N3,N4) and organise instrument comparisons in connection with other national and international programmes such as EMEP and GAW.
Audits and capacity building (N6) Auditing sampling protocols at infrastructures, promote good practices and diffusion of knowledge through workshops and training courses (joint with EMEP / GAW activities)
QA/QC is a key element for EMEP/CCC. Harmonised QA between research and monitoring programmes are essential
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
Data submission, database and disseminationData submission, database and dissemination
Builds on the work done in the CREATE project where EMEP and GAW harmonised their dataflow.
A few steps further (N5):
Include other parameters
Harmonised data submission, defining new protocols etc
Improved access to user specified data
Better statistical and graphical tools
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
EMEP for EUSAAREMEP for EUSAAR
Direct link to policy EMEP/CCC infrastructure of database, QA procedures and protocols and reporting will be used and developed
The results presented at the task force of measurements and modelling (TFMM)
Ensure sustainability Many of the participating institutions and the sites are already part of the EMEP programme, hence need to fulfil the monitoring strategy
Data produced will immediately be used to develop the EMEP model.
Wenche Aas, EUSAAR KoM, 19-21 April 2006
Support letter from the Chairman, Jürgen Schneider, of the EMEP Steering Body
Support letter from the Chairman, Jürgen Schneider, of the EMEP Steering Body
.. while with Level 3, we strongly depend on collaboration with research projects…
Obviously, the activities proposed under EUSAAR would be an important step forward in implementation of the new monitoring strategy and would help that EMEP will also comply with its challenges and goals in the future.