Structure & Function: Heart

Blood Flow

The left atrium receives blood from the pulmonary veins, which come from the lungs.The blood is pumped into the aorta which takes it around the body.

The right atrium receives blood form the rest of the body through the vena cava.The right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary artery which takes it to the lungs.

Pulmonary Veins

Valves

Coronary Artery

• Provides the cardiac muscles with blood (source of food and oxygen).

Structure & Function: Blood Vessels

Types of Veins

1. Pulmonary veins- carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

2. Systemic veins- return deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body to the right atrium of the heart.

3. Superficial veins- are located close to the surface of the skin and are not located near a corresponding artery

4. Deep veins- are located deep within muscle tissue and are typically located near a corresponding artery with the same name

Comparison between Arteries & Veins

Arteries & Veins

Blood Constituents

Name Description Function(s)

Plasma Liquid portion Carries the red cells, white cells, and platelets

Erythrocytes Red blood cells Transport oxygen from the lungs to all of the living tissues of the body and carry away carbon dioxide

Leukocytes White blood cells Active role in the body’s immune system

Platelets Thrombocytes Involved in the blood clotting mechanism of the body

erythrocyte (left), thrombocyte(center), and leukocyte (right)

White Blood CellsName Function

•Phagocytosis- phagocytosing smaller chunks of material, like bacteria. •Secrete chemicals to enhance an inflammatory response. •Targeted to the bacteria they destroy by the immune system.

•Secrete toxic materials to kill parasites and other invaders, as well as phagocytosis of bacteria. •Fighting off parasitic invasions. •Targeted to bacteria by the immune system. •Screte chemicals in allergic reactions.

White Blood CellsName Function

•Secrete both histamine and heparin. Both of these chemicals promote the inflammatory response, but in different ways.

•Histamine draws blood into the damaged area, while heparin slows clotting so that more and more blood can still enter the damaged area.

•Immunity-different types of lymphocytes. Some secrete toxic chemicals, others are more directly involved in an immune response.

White Blood CellsName Function

•Phagocytosis- only found in the blood. As soon as they use diapedesis to enter tissues, they are called macrophages. Phagocytize all sizes of cells. •Pick up cellular and tissue debris.