HEART&BLOOD VESSELS

7/28/2019 HEART&BLOOD VESSELS

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Laboratory Objectives: After learning, the students were able to

1. Identify the basic components of the heart wall and blood vessels2. Identify the heart wall layers and heart valve3. Identify Purkinje fibers in subendocardium4. Identify the difference characteristics of the vein and artery; including vasa vasorum notice5. Compare the characteristic of the large artery, medium artery, arteriole and capillary

6. Compare the characteristic of the large vein, medium vein and venule

For: 2nd year medical student, 1st year dentist student and 1st Year graduate

student in Microscopic Anatomy subject

By: Associate professor: Porntip Boonruangsri

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, KKU

Heart & Blood Vessels Laboratory Guide


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Fig 1.1 Skin

Slide: Box. A No.71 (H5.15) Lip,

monkey, vertical sec.

:Box. B. No.192 (H10.412)

Paccinian corpuscle:Box. B.No.191 (H.10.1) Touch

corpuscle, finger tip

1.Arteriole, capillary and

venuleNotice:

1. E = Epidermis

2.PD = Papillary dermis

3. BV = Blood vessels


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Fig 1.2 Skin circulation Fig 1.3 Arteriole, capillary and venuleA = arteriole C = capillary

PCV = postcapillary venuleCV = collecting venule MV = muscular

venule


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Fig.1.4 ArterioleNotice :

1. The small arteriole has 3-5 endothelial cells in tunica intima .2. It has smooth muscle in the tunic 3-5 layers or more in large arteriole.3. Its tunic can not be markedly divided except in large arteriole.


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Fig. 1.5 Capillary

Notice:1. It has 1-2 endothelial cells (E) on the

basal lamina.2. The pericyte cells (P) wraps around

the vessels.


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Fig 1.6 VenuleNotice:1. The venule (V) has large lumen and thin wall. 2. Its endothelial cell are elongated

and enclosed by connective tissue. 3. They have no smooth muscle in the wall.


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2. Arteriole and venule

in portal triad of the liver

Slide : Box. A No.100 (H5.71) Liver, human: Box. B. No.101 (H5.73) Liver, phagocytosis


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Fig 2.1 Diagram

of liver lobuleNotice:1. The portal tract or portal triad (T) are positioned at the angles of the hexagon.2. The portal triad contains three main structures which are arteriole, bile duct and

venule.


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Fig.2.2 Arteriole (A), Bile duct (B) and Terminal portal venule (PV) in portal triad (T)

(V = Terminal hepatic venule or central vein, C = Collagenous tissue)


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3.Hepatic sinusoidSlide: Box.A No. 100 (H5.71) Liver, humanBox B. No.101 (H5.73) Liver, glycogen stainBox. B.No.102 (H.5.735) Liver rabbit, glycogen stain


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Fig. 3.2 Kupffer cell (K) in Sinusoid (S)

E = endothelial cellFig. 3.1 Sinusoid (S)

S

SS

SS


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4. Medium or muscular artery

Slide: Box. A No. 128 (H8.23)

Artery, vein, nerve


13/28Fig.4.1 Artery, vein and nerve

MA = Medium artery MV = Medium vein


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Fig. 4.2 Muscular artery (medium artery)Notice:1. The tunic are markedly divided. 2. The tunica media consists of smooth

muscle approximately 25-40 layers. 3.The internal and external elastic laminae

(IEL and EEL) are markedly veiwed.


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V = Medium vein


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Fig.4.4: Medium veinNotice:1. It has irregular shape and

large lumen2. The tunic can not bemarkedly divided.3. The tunic consists of mainly

connective tissue.4. The smooth muscle could be

found in the tunica media but

less than medium artery.


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Fig.5. Artery, vein and nerve

5. Artery, vein and nerve (comparision)Slide: Box. B No. 126 (H8.23) Artery, vein, nerve


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Fig. 6.1 Large artery (elastic artery)

6. Large or elastic arterySlide: Box. B No. 124 (H8.21) Aorta, human X.S

Notice:1. The tunic can not be

markedly divided.2. The internal and external

elastic laminae are not

markedly viewed.3. The tunica media consists

of mainly elastic fibers.= Tunica adventitia

= Tunica media

= Tunica intima


19/28Fig. 6.2: Elastic artery

elastic fibers


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7. Large vein

Slide: Box. B No. 128 (H8.32)

Vena cava X.S


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7. Large veinSlide: Box. B No. 128 (H8.32) Vena cava X.S

Notice:1. The tunica intima

and media are not well

developed.2. The tunica

adventitia consists ofmainly smooth muscle.

Fig.7.1 Large vein


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Fig 7.2 Large vein (long section) SM = Smooth muscle

SMSM


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7. HeartSlide: Box. B No. 120 (H8.11)

Heart, human, muscle and pericardiumBox. B No.122 (H.8.123) Heart, endocardium,

Purkinje fibersBox. B. No.123 (H8.16) Semilunar valve, L.S.

aorta


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Fig. 8.1 Heart walls ( EN = Endocardium, M = Myocardium,

EP = Epicardium)

Slide: Box. B No. 120

(H8.11) Heart, human,

muscle and pericardiumBox. B No.122 (H.8.123)Heart, endocardium,

Purkinje fibersBox. B. No.123 (H8.16)

Semilunar valve, L.S. aorta

7. Heart

M


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Fig. 8.2 Epicardium

= Mesothelial lining

= Adipose tissue EP

M

Notice:1. The epicardium is thick and lying straight on the myocardium. 2. It consists of mainly

adipose tissue..

i


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Fig. 8.3 Endocardium and Purkinje fibers

EN =Endocardium

=Myocardium

Notice:1. Purkinje myocytes are large cells

with abundant glycogen (G), sparse

myofilaments (MF), and extensive gap

junction site (arrows)2. It has prominent nucleolus and may

be 1-2 nuclei.

E E d di


27/28Fig. 8.4 Heart valve

= Fibroelastic

supporting layers

E = Endocardium

F = Lamina fibrosa

E = Endocardium= Subendo -

cardial layer

S = Valve skeleton


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Fig. 8.5 : Heart ValveC = CollagenCT = Chordae tendinaeA = Atrium, V = VentricleEn = EndocardiumE = EndotheliumEL = Elastic fibers

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