Social Influence - Copy.ppt

8/16/2019 Social Influence - Copy.ppt

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Submitted by:Surabhi LodhaM.A. Psychology - II Semester

2015-16!i"ersity #ollege o$ Social Scie!ces a!d

%uma!ities


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Doing something because a legitimate authorityfigure asked us to.

Behaving as instructed but not necessarily changing youropinions.Usually in response to individual rather than grouppressureRequest is perceived as a command

Less frequent than conformity or compliance


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Referent

Expert

Legitimate

Re ard!oercive "bility to punish or remove positive consequences.

"bility to provide positive# remove negative outcomes

$erson has expertise %kno ledge& not idely available

Believe person has influence because of role.

$eople identify ith or ant to be like authority figure

Source Definition


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Examined the po er of obedience to authority in socialpsychology's most famous laboratory experiments.

$articipant is the (teacher)* confederate is the (learner)

+f the learner makes an error* the teacher has to ,shock'him* ith the level of shock increasing to dangerousand deadly levels-eacher atches learner being strapped into chair learner expresses concern over his (heart condition)

"s the level of shock increases* the (teacher) can hearthe learner is in obvious pain


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Experimenter

Teacher

Learner


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1234

5678

9

101112

131415

16

ShockLeve

S!itch La#e $an% &o ta'e Leve $

17181920

21222324

25262728

2930

ShockLeve

S!itch La#e $an% &o ta'e Leve $

(S i'ht Shock)15304560

(*o%erate Shock)7590

105120

(Stron' Shock)135

150165180

(&er+ Stron' Shock)195210225

240

(,nten$e Shock)255270285300

(Extreme ,nten$it+ Shock)315330345360

(Dan'er- Severe Shock)375390405420

(...)435450


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Learner protestsmore and more asshock increases

Experimentercontinues to requestobedience even if

teacher is unsure

120

150

300

330

( /'h e+ thi$ rea + hurt$ )

(/'h Experimenter That $ a'et me out of here , to % +ou, ha% heart trou# e *+ heart $$tartin' to #other me no! )

a'oni e% $cream (, a#$o ute +refu$e to an$!er an+ more'et me out of here ou can t ho %me here et me out )

( inten$e pro on'e% a'oni e%$cream (Let me out of hereLet me out of here *+ heart $#otherin' me Let me out:

, te +ou;)


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"bnormal group of sub/ects01 2umerous replications ith variety of groups sho s

no support

1 "ll male sub/ects

$eople in general are sadistic01 3ideotapes of 4ilgram's sub/ects sho extreme

distress


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"lthough 567 later said they ere glad to haveparticipated and fe er than 87 said they eresorry* there are still ethical issues

Do these experiments really help usunderstand real orld atrocities0


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$roximity to the authority figure9 $hysical closeness: the

closer the authority figure* more obedience.

$restige of the experimenter9 ;omething as simple as

earing a lab coat can affect levels of obedience.

Expertise9 " sub/ect ho has no ability to make decisions*

esp. in a crisis* ill leave decision making to the group.

Deindividuation9 $eople come to vie themselves as

instruments for carrying out others< ishes: no longer seeing

themselves as responsible for their actions.


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+ncrease participants' responsibility for any harmdone to others

+ndicate that total submission to authority isinappropriate

$rovide disobedient models

=uestion authority's expertise and motives

+ncrease a areness of the po er of the situation;hare the results of research studies on obedience


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Learner Experimenter


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>istorically* societies have expected children to obey theirelders %compare patriarchy* slaves their o ners* serfs theirlords in feudal society* lords their king* and everyone ?od.

Even long after slavery ended in the United ;tates*the Black codes required black people to obey and submitto hites. !ompare the religious ideal of surrender and itsimportance in +slam.


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"s the middle classes have gained political po er* thepo er of authority has been progressively eroded* iththe introduction of democracy as a ma/or turning point inattitudes to obedience and authority.

;ince the genocides of the @irst Aorld Aar and;econd Aorld Aar periods* Aestern cultures havecome to regard obedience less favorably.

-he civil rights and protest movements in the secondhalf of the 8 th century marked a remarkable reductionin respect for authority in Aestern cultures.

http://c/wiki/Genocidehttp://c/wiki/First_World_Warhttp://c/wiki/Second_World_Warhttp://c/wiki/Civil_rightshttp://c/wiki/Civil_rightshttp://c/wiki/Second_World_Warhttp://c/wiki/First_World_Warhttp://c/wiki/Genocide


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Cbedience is most direct form of social influence$ersons readily obey commands* even those froma relatively po erless source of authority4any factors influence obedienceo perceived authorityo gradual escalation of commandso rapid pace of situation

;everal strategies can be used to reduceobedience


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Social Influence - Copy.ppt

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