Sexually Sexually Transmitted Transmitted

Diseases (STDs)Diseases (STDs)

Sexually Transmitted Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)Infections (STIs)

Bacterial STDsBacterial STDs• ChlamydiaChlamydia

– Infects reproductive organs and causes a mucus Infects reproductive organs and causes a mucus dischargedischarge

– More new cases of chlamydia than any other STDMore new cases of chlamydia than any other STD• Symptoms (often none)Symptoms (often none)

– Females: pain during urination, vaginal discharge or Females: pain during urination, vaginal discharge or bleeding, pelvic painbleeding, pelvic pain

– Males: pain during urination, discharge from penisMales: pain during urination, discharge from penis• TreatmentTreatment

– AntibioticsAntibiotics• UntreatedUntreated

– Females: infertility, pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, PIDFemales: infertility, pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, PID– Males: can injure reproductive organs, swollen and Males: can injure reproductive organs, swollen and

tender testiclestender testicles– Infants: illness, blindnessInfants: illness, blindness

Bacterial STDsBacterial STDs• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

– Inflammation of the upper female reproductive tract Inflammation of the upper female reproductive tract caused by migration of infection from vaginacaused by migration of infection from vagina

• SymptomsSymptoms– Pain in the pelvic region, vaginal discharge, long and Pain in the pelvic region, vaginal discharge, long and

painful menstrual periods, fever, painful urniation, painful menstrual periods, fever, painful urniation, nauseanausea

• TreatmentTreatment– Antibiotics, surgery may be needed if infection is left Antibiotics, surgery may be needed if infection is left

untreateduntreated

• UntreatedUntreated– Scars in the fallopian tubes or uterus, ectopic Scars in the fallopian tubes or uterus, ectopic

pregnancy, infertilitypregnancy, infertility– Chronic pelvic painChronic pelvic pain

Bacterial STDsBacterial STDs• GonorrheaGonorrhea

– Infects mucus membranesInfects mucus membranes

• SymptomsSymptoms– Females: often no obvious signs, pain during urination, Females: often no obvious signs, pain during urination,

vaginal discharge or bleeding, pain in abdomenvaginal discharge or bleeding, pain in abdomen– Males: pain during urination, discharge from the penisMales: pain during urination, discharge from the penis

• TreatmentTreatment– Antibiotics, becoming more difficult to treat because Antibiotics, becoming more difficult to treat because

bacteria is changingbacteria is changing

• UntreatedUntreated– Females: PID, ectopic pregnancies, infertilityFemales: PID, ectopic pregnancies, infertility– Infants: blindness, joint infection, life-threatening blood Infants: blindness, joint infection, life-threatening blood

infectionsinfections– Males: scarring of the urethra, difficulty urinatingMales: scarring of the urethra, difficulty urinating

• Painful swelling of testicles, infertilityPainful swelling of testicles, infertility

Bacterial STDsBacterial STDs• SyphillisSyphillis

– Can cause ulcers of chancres, damages Can cause ulcers of chancres, damages nervous system and other body organsnervous system and other body organs

• SymptomsSymptoms– Phase 1 (10-90 days): painless ulcers where Phase 1 (10-90 days): painless ulcers where

bacteria enteredbacteria entered– Phase 2 (2-8 weeks): fever, rash, swollen Phase 2 (2-8 weeks): fever, rash, swollen

lymph nodes, joint pain, muscle acheslymph nodes, joint pain, muscle aches– Phase 3 (2 years or more): heart and nervous Phase 3 (2 years or more): heart and nervous

system damage, blindness, loss of mental system damage, blindness, loss of mental abilities, possible deathabilities, possible death

• TreatmentTreatment– Antibiotics, can be cured in the early stagesAntibiotics, can be cured in the early stages

• UntreatedUntreated– Mental and physical disabilitiesMental and physical disabilities– Infants: premature birth, severe mental Infants: premature birth, severe mental

disabilities, deafness, deathdisabilities, deafness, death

Viral STDsViral STDs• Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

– Can cause genital warts and cervical cancerCan cause genital warts and cervical cancer

• SymptomsSymptoms– Females: genital and anal warts, abnormal Females: genital and anal warts, abnormal

papsmearpapsmear– Males: genital and anal wartsMales: genital and anal warts

• TreatmentTreatment– No treatment, warts can be treated by surgical No treatment, warts can be treated by surgical

removal, freezing, or medicationremoval, freezing, or medication– Vaccine for women against the 4 types of HPV Vaccine for women against the 4 types of HPV

that cause most genital warts and cancersthat cause most genital warts and cancers

• UntreatedUntreated– Cervical Cancer, genital cancersCervical Cancer, genital cancers

Viral STDsViral STDs• Genital HerpesGenital Herpes

– 2 types of herpes simples virus HSV-1 and HSV-22 types of herpes simples virus HSV-1 and HSV-2• SymptomsSymptoms

– HSV-1: cold sores and blisters usually occur HSV-1: cold sores and blisters usually occur around moutharound mouth

– HSV-2: red bumps, blisters and sores on or HSV-2: red bumps, blisters and sores on or around genitals, fever, swollen lymph nodesaround genitals, fever, swollen lymph nodes

• TreatmentTreatment– No cure, antiviral medications can shorten No cure, antiviral medications can shorten

outbreaks and reduce their frequencyoutbreaks and reduce their frequency• UntreatedUntreated

– Infected for life, can pass on to baby infections of Infected for life, can pass on to baby infections of liver, brain, skin, eyes, and mouth, and deathliver, brain, skin, eyes, and mouth, and death

Viral STDsViral STDs• HepatitisHepatitis

– Inflammation of the liverInflammation of the liver– Hepatitis B and C can be sexually transmittedHepatitis B and C can be sexually transmitted

• SymptomsSymptoms– Jaundice, tiredness and muscle aches, fever, dark Jaundice, tiredness and muscle aches, fever, dark

urineurine• TreatmentTreatment

– No cure, medications may help stop spread of No cure, medications may help stop spread of virusvirus

– Vaccine available for Hepatitis A and BVaccine available for Hepatitis A and B• UntreatedUntreated

– Liver damage, failure, cancer, premature deathLiver damage, failure, cancer, premature death

Viral STDsViral STDs• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

– Infects cells of the immune system and causes AIDSInfects cells of the immune system and causes AIDS

• SymptomsSymptoms– Phase 1 (initial exposure to 10 yrs): fatigue, weight Phase 1 (initial exposure to 10 yrs): fatigue, weight

loss, fever, diarrhea, swollen lymph nodesloss, fever, diarrhea, swollen lymph nodes– Phase 2: Phase 1 symptoms, forgetfulness, difficulty Phase 2: Phase 1 symptoms, forgetfulness, difficulty

thinkingthinking– Phase 3: weakened immune system, infections, weight Phase 3: weakened immune system, infections, weight

lossloss

• TreatmentTreatment– No cure, a combination of drugs can delay the start of No cure, a combination of drugs can delay the start of

serious symptomsserious symptoms

• UntreatedUntreated– Malnutrition, loss of mobility, opportunistic infections, Malnutrition, loss of mobility, opportunistic infections,

cancer, premature deathcancer, premature death

Parasite Parasite STDsSTDs

• Pubic LicePubic Lice– Lice in the pubic hair that crawl on skin Lice in the pubic hair that crawl on skin

and lay eggs on the hairsand lay eggs on the hairs• SymptomsSymptoms

– Intense itching in the pubic areaIntense itching in the pubic area• TreatmentTreatment

– Medication can kill the liceMedication can kill the lice– Wash all bed linens and clothesWash all bed linens and clothes

• UntreatedUntreated– Skin damage can occurSkin damage can occur

Parasite STDsParasite STDs

• ScabiesScabies– Tiny mites that burrow into the skin Tiny mites that burrow into the skin

• SymptomsSymptoms– Intense itching in the infected areaIntense itching in the infected area

• TreatmentTreatment– Medication can kill the mitesMedication can kill the mites– Wash all bed linens and clothesWash all bed linens and clothes

• UntreatedUntreated– Skin damage can occurSkin damage can occur

Parasite STDsParasite STDs• TrichomoniasisTrichomoniasis

– Caused by a protozoanCaused by a protozoan

• SymptomsSymptoms– Females: itching, discharge from the vagina, Females: itching, discharge from the vagina,

painful urinationpainful urination– Males: usually no symptomsMales: usually no symptoms

• TreatmentTreatment– Can be cured with a prescribed medicineCan be cured with a prescribed medicine

• UntreatedUntreated– Females: bladder and urethral infections, Females: bladder and urethral infections,

premature birthpremature birth– Males: inflammed urethraMales: inflammed urethra